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  1. Article ; Online: Parity-Time Symmetric Holographic Principle.

    Song, Xingrui / Murch, Kater

    Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 25, Issue 11

    Abstract: Originating from the Hamiltonian of a single qubit system, the phenomenon of the avoided level crossing is ubiquitous in multiple branches of physics, including the Landau-Zener transition in atomic, molecular, and optical physics, the band structure of ... ...

    Abstract Originating from the Hamiltonian of a single qubit system, the phenomenon of the avoided level crossing is ubiquitous in multiple branches of physics, including the Landau-Zener transition in atomic, molecular, and optical physics, the band structure of condensed matter physics and the dispersion relation of relativistic quantum physics. We revisit this fundamental phenomenon in the simple example of a spinless relativistic quantum particle traveling in (1+1)-dimensional space-time and establish its relation to a spin-1/2 system evolving under a PT-symmetric Hamiltonian. This relation allows us to simulate 1-dimensional eigenvalue problems with a single qubit. Generalizing this relation to the eigenenergy problem of a bulk system with
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2014734-X
    ISSN 1099-4300 ; 1099-4300
    ISSN (online) 1099-4300
    ISSN 1099-4300
    DOI 10.3390/e25111523
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  2. Book ; Online: Superconducting Non-Reciprocity Based on Time-Modulated Coupled-Resonator Systems

    Zhuang, Yi / Gaikwad, Chandrashekhar / Kowsari, Daria / Murch, Kater / Nagulu, Aravind

    2023  

    Abstract: We present a unified approach for designing a diverse range of superconducting non-reciprocal components, including circulators, isolators, and uni-directional amplifiers, based on temporally-modulated coupled resonator networks. Our method leverages ... ...

    Abstract We present a unified approach for designing a diverse range of superconducting non-reciprocal components, including circulators, isolators, and uni-directional amplifiers, based on temporally-modulated coupled resonator networks. Our method leverages standard SQUID-based resonators as building blocks, arranged in various configurations such as series-coupled, wye-connected, and lattice-coupled resonators, to realize a wide range of on-chip non-reciprocal devices. Our theoretical studies demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach, achieving circulators and isolators with near-zero insertion losses and isolation greater than 20 dB, and directional amplifiers with forward gain exceeding 10 dB and reverse isolation greater than 20 dB. To validate our findings, we implemented and measured a series-coupled three-resonator superconducting isolator using a single-layer superconducting process. At a base temperature of 20 mK, our device exhibited insertion loss of 1.3 dB in the forward direction, and isolation of up to 25 dB at the center frequency and greater than 15 dB across a bandwidth of 250 MHz in the reverse direction. Our approach promises to enable the design of a broad range of high-performance non-reciprocal devices for superconducting circuits.

    Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures
    Keywords Quantum Physics ; Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ; Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
    Subject code 621
    Publishing date 2023-07-04
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
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  3. Article ; Online: Phononic bath engineering of a superconducting qubit.

    Kitzman, J M / Lane, J R / Undershute, C / Harrington, P M / Beysengulov, N R / Mikolas, C A / Murch, K W / Pollanen, J

    Nature communications

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 3910

    Abstract: Phonons, the ubiquitous quanta of vibrational energy, play a vital role in the performance of quantum technologies. Conversely, unintended coupling to phonons degrades qubit performance and can lead to correlated errors in superconducting qubit systems. ... ...

    Abstract Phonons, the ubiquitous quanta of vibrational energy, play a vital role in the performance of quantum technologies. Conversely, unintended coupling to phonons degrades qubit performance and can lead to correlated errors in superconducting qubit systems. Regardless of whether phonons play an enabling or deleterious role, they do not typically admit control over their spectral properties, nor the possibility of engineering their dissipation to be used as a resource. Here we show that coupling a superconducting qubit to a bath of piezoelectric surface acoustic wave phonons enables a novel platform for investigating open quantum systems. By shaping the loss spectrum of the qubit via the bath of lossy surface phonons, we demonstrate preparation and dynamical stabilization of superposition states through the combined effects of drive and dissipation. These experiments highlight the versatility of engineered phononic dissipation and advance the understanding of mechanical losses in superconducting qubit systems.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-39682-0
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  4. Article ; Online: Optically-Trapped Nanodiamond-Relaxometry Detection of Nanomolar Paramagnetic Spins in Aqueous Environments.

    Iyer, Shiva / Yao, Changyu / Lazorik, Olivia / Wang, Pengyun / Glenn, Gianna / Mohs, Michael / Shi, Yinyao / Mansour, Michael / Henriksen, Erik / Murch, Kater / Mukherji, Shankar / Zu, Chong

    ArXiv

    2024  

    Abstract: Probing electrical and magnetic properties in aqueous environments remains a frontier challenge in nanoscale sensing. Our inability to do so with quantitative accuracy imposes severe limitations, for example, on our understanding of the ionic ... ...

    Abstract Probing electrical and magnetic properties in aqueous environments remains a frontier challenge in nanoscale sensing. Our inability to do so with quantitative accuracy imposes severe limitations, for example, on our understanding of the ionic environments in a diverse array of systems, ranging from novel materials to the living cell. The Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) center in fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) has emerged as a good candidate to sense temperature, pH, and the concentration of paramagnetic species at the nanoscale, but comes with several hurdles such as particle-to-particle variation which render calibrated measurements difficult, and the challenge to tightly confine and precisely position sensors in aqueous environment. To address this, we demonstrate relaxometry with NV centers within optically-trapped FNDs. In a proof of principle experiment, we show that optically-trapped FNDs enable highly reproducible nanomolar sensitivity to the paramagnetic ion, (\mathrm{Gd}^{3+}). We capture the three distinct phases of our experimental data by devising a model analogous to nanoscale Langmuir adsorption combined with spin coherence dynamics. Our work provides a basis for routes to sense free paramagnetic ions and molecules in biologically relevant conditions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    ISSN 2331-8422
    ISSN (online) 2331-8422
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  5. Book ; Online: Quantum process inference for a single qubit Maxwell's demon

    Song, Xingrui / Naghiloo, Mahdi / Murch, Kater

    2021  

    Abstract: While quantum measurement theories are built around density matrices and observables, the laws of thermodynamics are based on processes such as are used in heat engines and refrigerators. The study of quantum thermodynamics fuses these two distinct ... ...

    Abstract While quantum measurement theories are built around density matrices and observables, the laws of thermodynamics are based on processes such as are used in heat engines and refrigerators. The study of quantum thermodynamics fuses these two distinct paradigms. In this article, we highlight the usage of quantum process matrices as a unified language for describing thermodynamic processes in the quantum regime. We experimentally demonstrate this in the context of a quantum Maxwell's demon, where two major quantities are commonly investigated; the average work extraction $\langle W \rangle$ and the efficacy $\gamma$ which measures how efficiently the feedback operation uses the obtained information. Using the tool of quantum process matrices, we develop the optimal feedback protocols for these two quantities and experimentally investigate them in a superconducting circuit QED setup.

    Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures
    Keywords Quantum Physics ; Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
    Subject code 612
    Publishing date 2021-02-01
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
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  6. Article ; Online: Two-Qubit Engine Fueled by Entanglement and Local Measurements.

    Bresque, Léa / Camati, Patrice A / Rogers, Spencer / Murch, Kater / Jordan, Andrew N / Auffèves, Alexia

    Physical review letters

    2021  Volume 126, Issue 12, Page(s) 120605

    Abstract: We introduce a two-qubit engine that is powered by entanglement and local measurements. Energy is extracted from the detuned qubits coherently exchanging a single excitation. Generalizing to an N-qubit chain, we show that the low energy of the first ... ...

    Abstract We introduce a two-qubit engine that is powered by entanglement and local measurements. Energy is extracted from the detuned qubits coherently exchanging a single excitation. Generalizing to an N-qubit chain, we show that the low energy of the first qubit can be up-converted to an arbitrarily high energy at the last qubit by successive neighbor swap operations and local measurements. We finally model the local measurement as the entanglement of a qubit with a meter, and we identify the fuel as the energetic cost to erase the correlations between the qubits. Our findings extend measurement-powered engines to composite working substances and provide a microscopic interpretation of the fueling mechanism.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.120605
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  7. Article ; Online: Quantum Zeno Effects from Measurement Controlled Qubit-Bath Interactions.

    Harrington, P M / Monroe, J T / Murch, K W

    Physical review letters

    2017  Volume 118, Issue 24, Page(s) 240401

    Abstract: The Zeno and anti-Zeno effects are features of measurement-driven quantum evolution where frequent measurement inhibits or accelerates the decay of a quantum state. Either type of evolution can emerge depending on the system-environment interaction and ... ...

    Abstract The Zeno and anti-Zeno effects are features of measurement-driven quantum evolution where frequent measurement inhibits or accelerates the decay of a quantum state. Either type of evolution can emerge depending on the system-environment interaction and measurement method. In this experiment, we use a superconducting qubit to map out both types of Zeno effect in the presence of structured noise baths and variable measurement rates. We observe both the suppression and acceleration of qubit decay as repeated measurements are used to modulate the qubit spectrum causing the qubit to sample different portions of the bath. We compare the Zeno effects arising from dispersive energy measurements and purely dephasing "quasimeasurements," showing energy measurements are not necessary to accelerate or suppress the decay process.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.240401
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  8. Article ; Online: Achieving Optimal Quantum Acceleration of Frequency Estimation Using Adaptive Coherent Control.

    Naghiloo, M / Jordan, A N / Murch, K W

    Physical review letters

    2017  Volume 119, Issue 18, Page(s) 180801

    Abstract: Precision measurements of frequency are critical to accurate time keeping and are fundamentally limited by quantum measurement uncertainties. While for time-independent quantum Hamiltonians the uncertainty of any parameter scales at best as 1/T, where T ... ...

    Abstract Precision measurements of frequency are critical to accurate time keeping and are fundamentally limited by quantum measurement uncertainties. While for time-independent quantum Hamiltonians the uncertainty of any parameter scales at best as 1/T, where T is the duration of the experiment, recent theoretical works have predicted that explicitly time-dependent Hamiltonians can yield a 1/T^{2} scaling of the uncertainty for an oscillation frequency. This quantum acceleration in precision requires coherent control, which is generally adaptive. We experimentally realize this quantum improvement in frequency sensitivity with superconducting circuits, using a single transmon qubit. With optimal control pulses, the theoretically ideal frequency precision scaling is reached for times shorter than the decoherence time. This result demonstrates a fundamental quantum advantage for frequency estimation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-11-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.180801
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  9. Article ; Online: Information Gain and Loss for a Quantum Maxwell's Demon.

    Naghiloo, M / Alonso, J J / Romito, A / Lutz, E / Murch, K W

    Physical review letters

    2018  Volume 121, Issue 3, Page(s) 30604

    Abstract: We use continuous weak measurements of a driven superconducting qubit to experimentally study the information dynamics of a quantum Maxwell's demon. We show how information gained by a demon who can track single quantum trajectories of the qubit can be ... ...

    Abstract We use continuous weak measurements of a driven superconducting qubit to experimentally study the information dynamics of a quantum Maxwell's demon. We show how information gained by a demon who can track single quantum trajectories of the qubit can be converted into work using quantum coherent feedback. We verify the validity of a quantum fluctuation theorem with feedback by utilizing information obtained along single trajectories. We demonstrate, in particular, that quantum backaction can lead to a loss of information in imperfect measurements. We furthermore probe the transition between information gain and loss by varying the initial purity of the qubit.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.030604
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  10. Article ; Online: Heat and Work Along Individual Trajectories of a Quantum Bit.

    Naghiloo, M / Tan, D / Harrington, P M / Alonso, J J / Lutz, E / Romito, A / Murch, K W

    Physical review letters

    2019  Volume 124, Issue 11, Page(s) 110604

    Abstract: We use a near quantum limited detector to experimentally track individual quantum state trajectories of a driven qubit formed by the hybridization of a waveguide cavity and a transmon circuit. For each measured quantum coherent trajectory, we separately ... ...

    Abstract We use a near quantum limited detector to experimentally track individual quantum state trajectories of a driven qubit formed by the hybridization of a waveguide cavity and a transmon circuit. For each measured quantum coherent trajectory, we separately identify energy changes of the qubit as heat and work, and verify the first law of thermodynamics for an open quantum system. We further establish the consistency of these results by comparison with the master equation approach and the two-projective-measurement scheme, both for open and closed dynamics, with the help of a quantum feedback loop that compensates for the exchanged heat and effectively isolates the qubit.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.110604
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