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Article ; Online: Classroom Acoustics for Enhancing Students' Understanding When a Teacher Suffers From a Dysphonic Voice.

Bottalico, Pasquale / Murgia, Silvia / Mekus, Taylor / Flaherty, Mary

Language, speech, and hearing services in schools

2023 Volume 54, Issue 4, Page(s) 1195–1207

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this project is to assess the acoustical conditions in which optimal intelligibility and low listening difficulty can be achieved in real classrooms for elementary students, taking into consideration the effects of dysphonic ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The purpose of this project is to assess the acoustical conditions in which optimal intelligibility and low listening difficulty can be achieved in real classrooms for elementary students, taking into consideration the effects of dysphonic voice and typical classroom noise. Method: Speech intelligibility tests were performed in six elementary classrooms with 80 normal-hearing students aged 7-11 years. The speech material was produced by a female actor using a normal voice quality and simulating a dysphonic voice. The stimuli were played by a Head and Torso Simulator. Child babble noise and classrooms with different reverberation times were used to obtain a Speech Transmission Index (STI) range from 0.2 to 0.7, corresponding to the categories bad, poor, fair, and good. Results: The results showed a statistically significant decrease in intelligibility when the speaker was dysphonic, in STI higher than 0.33. The rating of listening difficulty showed a significantly greater difficulty in perceiving the dysphonic voice. In addition, younger children showed poorer performance and greater listening difficulty compared with older children when listening to the normal voice quality. Both groups were equally impacted when the voice was dysphonic. Conclusions: The results suggested that better acoustic conditions are needed for children to reach a good level of intelligibility and to reduce listening difficulty if the teacher is suffering from voice problems. This was true for children regardless of grade level, highlighting the importance of ensuring more favorable acoustic conditions for children throughout all elementary schools. Supplemental material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23504487.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Child ; Adolescent ; Speech Perception ; Acoustics ; Noise ; Speech Intelligibility ; Students ; Speech Acoustics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2067619-0
ISSN	1558-9129 ; 0161-1461
ISSN (online)	1558-9129
ISSN	0161-1461
DOI	10.1044/2023_LSHSS-22-00158
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Can Playing a Game Improve Children's Speech Recognition? A Preliminary Study of Implicit Talker Familiarity Effects.

Flaherty, Mary M / Price, Rachael / Murgia, Silvia / Manukian, Emma

American journal of audiology

2023 , Page(s) 1–16

Abstract: Purpose: The goal was to evaluate whether implicit talker familiarization via an interactive computer game, designed for this study, could improve children's word recognition in classroom noise. It was hypothesized that, regardless of age, children ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The goal was to evaluate whether implicit talker familiarization via an interactive computer game, designed for this study, could improve children's word recognition in classroom noise. It was hypothesized that, regardless of age, children would perform better when recognizing words spoken by the talker who was heard during the game they played. Method: Using a one-group pretest-posttest experimental design, this study examined the impact of short-term implicit voice exposure on children's word recognition in classroom noise. Implicit voice familiarization occurred via an interactive computer game, played at home for 10 min a day for 5 days. In the game, children (8-12 years) heard one voice, intended to become the "familiar talker." Pre- and postfamiliarization, children identified words in prerecorded classroom noise. Four conditions were tested to evaluate talker familiarity and generalization effects. Results: Results demonstrated an 11% improvement when recognizing words spoken by the voice heard in the game ("familiar talker"). This was observed only for words that were heard in the game and did not generalize to unfamiliarized words. Before familiarization, younger children had poorer recognition than older children in all conditions; however, after familiarization, there was no effect of age on performance for familiarized stimuli. Conclusions: Implicit short-term exposure to a talker has the potential to improve children's speech recognition. Therefore, leveraging talker familiarity through gameplay shows promise as a viable method for improving children's speech-in-noise recognition. However, given that improvements did not generalize to unfamiliarized words, careful consideration of exposure stimuli is necessary to optimize this approach.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1162315-9
ISSN	1558-9137 ; 1059-0889
ISSN (online)	1558-9137
ISSN	1059-0889
DOI	10.1044/2023_AJA-23-00156
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Systematic Review of Literature on Speech Intelligibility and Classroom Acoustics in Elementary Schools.

Murgia, Silvia / Webster, JosseMia / Cutiva, Lady Catherine Cantor / Bottalico, Pasquale

Language, speech, and hearing services in schools

2022 Volume 54, Issue 1, Page(s) 322–335

Abstract: Purpose: Good verbal signals and low background noise are key factors for all children to maximize understanding of what is being taught. Classroom shape, surroundings, and even furnishings change how the environment "sounds" and how speech is "heard" ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Good verbal signals and low background noise are key factors for all children to maximize understanding of what is being taught. Classroom shape, surroundings, and even furnishings change how the environment "sounds" and how speech is "heard" in the classroom. Classroom acoustics is perhaps one of the most important, but often least considered, factors when designing a classroom. This systematic review aimed to characterize the relationship between intelligibility of speech and room acoustics in elementary schools based on the available evidence. Method: Eligible studies were identified using two computerized databases: PubMed and Scopus. In total, 23 publications met our inclusion criteria: (a) Participants must have been from elementary schools, (b) acoustic characterization of the classroom must have been provided, (c) intelligibility tests must have been performed, and (d) articles were written in English. Results: After identifying the parameters and tests used to quantify the intelligibility of speech, the speech intelligibility scores were analyzed in relation with acoustical parameters found in the articles, particularly signal-to-noise ratio and speech transmission index. Our results highlighted the negative effect on intelligibility associated with poor transmission of the speech and poor classroom acoustics caused by long reverberation times and high background noise. Conclusion: Good classroom acoustics is needed to improve speech intelligibility and, therefore, increase children's academic success.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Acoustics ; Noise/adverse effects ; Schools ; Speech Intelligibility ; Facility Design and Construction
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2067619-0
ISSN	1558-9129 ; 0161-1461
ISSN (online)	1558-9129
ISSN	0161-1461
DOI	10.1044/2022_LSHSS-21-00181
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Recent advances of non-lamellar lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles in nanomedicine

Murgia, Sergio / Biffi, Stefania / Mezzenga, Raffaele

Current opinion in colloid & interface science. 2020 Aug., v. 48

2020

Abstract: Non-lamellar lyotropic liquid crystalline nanocarriers such as hexosomes and cubosomes are relatively unexplored lipid-based nanoparticles in nanomedicine that can be specifically formulated to match specific medical applications, thus exploiting the ... ...

Abstract	Non-lamellar lyotropic liquid crystalline nanocarriers such as hexosomes and cubosomes are relatively unexplored lipid-based nanoparticles in nanomedicine that can be specifically formulated to match specific medical applications, thus exploiting the majority of the possible routes of administrations. A growing number of papers demonstrate intriguing features that make them good candidates as nanocarriers for therapeutically active molecules or imaging probes. Yet, important aspects, including pharmacokinetics, hemocompatibility, toxicity, and delivery properties, are not completely clarified, so that their full potential as nanomedicines remains to be assessed.This article reviews recent advances in the field and suggests possible new routes forward.
Keywords	biocompatibility ; image analysis ; nanocarriers ; nanomedicine ; nanoparticles ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-08
Size	p. 28-39.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2019683-0
ISSN	1359-0294
ISSN	1359-0294
DOI	10.1016/j.cocis.2020.03.006
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Lipid vesicular gels for topical administration of antioxidants.

Fornasier, Marco / Dessì, Francesca / Pireddu, Rosa / Sinico, Chiara / Carretti, Emiliano / Murgia, Sergio

Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces

2022 Volume 213, Page(s) 112388

Abstract: The application of a formulation on the skin represents an effective way to deliver bio-active molecules for therapeutical purposes. Moreover, the outermost skin layer, the stratum corneum, can be overcome by employing chemical permeation enhancers and ... ...

Abstract	The application of a formulation on the skin represents an effective way to deliver bio-active molecules for therapeutical purposes. Moreover, the outermost skin layer, the stratum corneum, can be overcome by employing chemical permeation enhancers and edge activators as components. Several lipids can be considered as permeation enhancers, such as the ubiquitous monoolein, one of the most used building blocks for the preparation of lipid liquid crystalline nanoparticles which are applied as drug carriers for nanomedicine applications. Recent papers highlighted how bile salts can affect the phase behavior of monoolein to obtain drug carriers suitable for topical administration, given their role as edge activators into the formulation. Herein, the encapsulation of natural antioxidants (caffeic acid and ferulic acid) into lipid vesicular gels (LVGs) made by monoolein and sodium taurocholate (TC) in water was studied to produce formulations suitable for topical application. TC induces a bicontinuous cubic to multilamellar phase transition for monoolein in water at the given concentrations, and by increasing its content into the formulations, unilamellar LVGs are formed. The encapsulation of the two antioxidants did not affect significantly the structure of the gels. The oscillating rheological studies showed that ferulic acid has a structuring effect on the lipid matrix, in comparison with the empty dispersion and the one containing caffeic acid. These gels were then tested in vitro on new-born pig skin to evaluate their efficacy as drug carriers for topical administration, showing that caffeic acid is mostly retained in the gel whereas ferulic acid is released at a higher degree. The data herein reported provide some further information on the effect of bile salts on the lipid self-assembly to evaluate useful compositions for topical administration of natural antioxidants.
MeSH term(s)	Administration, Cutaneous ; Administration, Topical ; Animals ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism ; Drug Carriers/chemistry ; Gels/pharmacology ; Skin ; Skin Absorption ; Swine ; Water/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Antioxidants ; Bile Acids and Salts ; Drug Carriers ; Gels ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-02
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1500523-9
ISSN	1873-4367 ; 0927-7765
ISSN (online)	1873-4367
ISSN	0927-7765
DOI	10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112388
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Hormone Receptor-Positive/HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Hormone Therapy and Anti-HER2 Treatment: An Update on Treatment Strategies.

Tommasi, Chiara / Airò, Giulia / Pratticò, Fabiana / Testi, Irene / Corianò, Matilde / Pellegrino, Benedetta / Denaro, Nerina / Demurtas, Laura / Dessì, Mariele / Murgia, Sara / Mura, Giovanni / Wekking, Demi / Scartozzi, Mario / Musolino, Antonino / Solinas, Cinzia

Journal of clinical medicine

2024 Volume 13, Issue 7

Abstract: Hormone receptor (HR)-positive/HER2-positive breast cancer represents a distinct subtype expressing estrogen and progesterone receptors with an overexpression of HER2. Approximately 14% of female breast cancer cases are HER2-positive, with the majority ... ...

Abstract	Hormone receptor (HR)-positive/HER2-positive breast cancer represents a distinct subtype expressing estrogen and progesterone receptors with an overexpression of HER2. Approximately 14% of female breast cancer cases are HER2-positive, with the majority being HR-positive. These tumors show a cross-talk between the hormonal and HER2 pathways; the interaction has implications for the treatment options for the disease. In this review, we analyze the biology of HR-positive/HER2-positive breast cancer and summarize the evidence concerning the standard of care options both in neoadjuvant/adjuvant settings and in advanced disease. Additionally, we focus on new trials and drugs for HR-positive/HER2-positive breast cancer and the new entity: HER2-low breast cancer.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm13071873
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Search for Gamma-ray Emission from p-wave Dark Matter Annihilation in the Galactic Center.

Johnson, C / Caputo, R / Karwin, C / Murgia, S / Ritz, S / Shelton, J

Physical review. D. (2016)

2018 Volume 99, Issue 10

Abstract: Indirect searches for dark matter through Standard Model products of its annihilation generally assume a cross-section which is dominated by a term independent of velocity ( ...

Abstract	Indirect searches for dark matter through Standard Model products of its annihilation generally assume a cross-section which is dominated by a term independent of velocity (
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-09-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209772-2
ISSN	2470-0010 ; 0556-2821 ; 1550-7998
ISSN	2470-0010 ; 0556-2821 ; 1550-7998
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevD.99.103007
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Article ; Online: Bioimaging Applications of Non-Lamellar Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles.

Murgia, Sergio / Biffi, Stefania / Fornasier, Marco / Lippolis, Vito / Picci, Giacomo / Caltagirone, Claudia

Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology

2021 Volume 21, Issue 5, Page(s) 2742–2759

Abstract: Self-assembling processes of amphiphilic lipids in water give rise to complex architectures known as lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) phases. Particularly, bicontinuous cubic and hexagonal LLC phases can be dispersed in water forming colloidal ... ...

Abstract	Self-assembling processes of amphiphilic lipids in water give rise to complex architectures known as lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) phases. Particularly, bicontinuous cubic and hexagonal LLC phases can be dispersed in water forming colloidal nanoparticles respectively known as cubosomes and hexosomes. These non-lamellar LLC dispersions are of particular interest for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications as they are potentially non-toxic, chemically stable, and biocompatible, also allowing encapsulation of large amounts of drugs. Furthermore, conjugation of specific moieties enables their targeting, increasing therapeutic efficacies and reducing side effects by avoiding exposure of healthy tissues. In addition, as they can be easy loaded or functionalized with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic imaging probes, cubosomes and hexosomes can be used for the engineering of multifunctional/theranostic nanoplatforms. This review outlines recent advances in the applications of cubosomes and hexosomes for
MeSH term(s)	Lipids ; Liquid Crystals ; Nanoparticles ; Water
Chemical Substances	Lipids ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ISSN	1533-4899
ISSN (online)	1533-4899
DOI	10.1166/jnn.2021.19064
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Intelligibility of dysphonic speech in auralized classrooms.

Bottalico, Pasquale / Murgia, Silvia / Puglisi, Giuseppina Emma / Astolfi, Arianna / Ishikawa, Keiko

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

2021 Volume 150, Issue 4, Page(s) 2912

Abstract: Voice disorders can reduce the speech intelligibility of affected speakers. This study evaluated the effect of noise, voice disorders, and room acoustics on vowel intelligibility, listening easiness, and the listener's reaction time. Three adult females ... ...

Abstract	Voice disorders can reduce the speech intelligibility of affected speakers. This study evaluated the effect of noise, voice disorders, and room acoustics on vowel intelligibility, listening easiness, and the listener's reaction time. Three adult females with dysphonia and three adult females with normal voice quality recorded a series of nine vowels of American English in /h/-V-/d/ format (e.g., "had"). The recordings were convolved with two oral-binaural impulse responses acquired from measurements in two classrooms with 0.4 and 3.1 s of reverberation time, respectively. The stimuli were presented in a forced-choice format to 29 college students. The intelligibility and the listening easiness were significantly higher in quiet than in noisy conditions, when the speakers had normal voice quality compared to a dysphonic voice, and in low reverberated environments compared to high reverberated environments. The response time of the listener was significantly longer for speech presented in noisy conditions compared to quiet conditions and when the voice was dysphonic compared with healthy voice quality.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Dysphonia/diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Speech Acoustics ; Speech Intelligibility ; Speech Perception ; Voice Quality
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	219231-7
ISSN	1520-8524 ; 0001-4966
ISSN (online)	1520-8524
ISSN	0001-4966
DOI	10.1121/10.0006741
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Dark matter interpretation of the

Karwin, Christopher M / Murgia, Simona / Moskalenko, Igor V / Fillingham, Sean P / Burns, Anne-Katherine / Fieg, Max

Physical review. D. (2016)

2021 Volume 103, Issue 2

Abstract: ... An ... ...

Abstract	An excess
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209772-2
ISSN	2470-0010 ; 0556-2821 ; 1550-7998
ISSN	2470-0010 ; 0556-2821 ; 1550-7998
DOI	10.1103/physrevd.103.023027
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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