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Article: Regulation and validation of smartphone applications in plastic surgery: It's the Wild West out there.

Jones, Oliver / Murphy, Suzanne Hilary / Durrani, Amer James

The surgeon : journal of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons of Edinburgh and Ireland

2021 Volume 19, Issue 6, Page(s) e412–e422

Abstract: Background and purpose: The use of smartphone applications is ubiquitous within healthcare. Over recent years there have been multiple applications developed within the field of plastic surgery. In the UK, applications with a medical purpose should be ... ...

Abstract	Background and purpose: The use of smartphone applications is ubiquitous within healthcare. Over recent years there have been multiple applications developed within the field of plastic surgery. In the UK, applications with a medical purpose should be registered with the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Authority (MHRA) as a medical device. The aim of this study was to evaluate plastic surgery specific smartphone applications designed for healthcare professional usage, and determine what proportion meet the criteria of a medical device and are suitably certified. Methods: A systematic review of the Apple and Google Play App stores was carried out using search terms relevant to plastic surgery. Data was extracted from the app store listing, developer website and the contents of each application. Each application was evaluated against the criteria given by the MHRA to determine whether it constituted a medical device. Results: 215 applications for plastic surgery healthcare professionals were identified, of which 22 met the definition of a medical device. Only 14% (n = 3) of these applications were appropriately certified, 14% (n = 3) were validated in peer-reviewed literature and 45% (n = 10) had documented medical professional involvement. Conclusion: Most applications with a medical purpose were not certified as a medical device, had not been validated in any peer-reviewed research, and did not have any documented involvement of medical professionals. The potential consequences of such applications operating incorrectly are stark and represent a risk to patient safety. Usage of multiple applications in a single patient encounter may compound error and safety of clinical care.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mobile Applications ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Smartphone ; Surgery, Plastic
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-08
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2102927-1
ISSN	1479-666X
ISSN	1479-666X
DOI	10.1016/j.surge.2020.12.005
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Book ; Online: Stacked networks improve physics-informed training

Howard, Amanda A / Murphy, Sarah H / Ahmed, Shady E / Stinis, Panos

applications to neural networks and deep operator networks

2023

Abstract: Physics-informed neural networks and operator networks have shown promise for effectively solving equations modeling physical systems. However, these networks can be difficult or impossible to train accurately for some systems of equations. We present a ... ...

Abstract	Physics-informed neural networks and operator networks have shown promise for effectively solving equations modeling physical systems. However, these networks can be difficult or impossible to train accurately for some systems of equations. We present a novel multifidelity framework for stacking physics-informed neural networks and operator networks that facilitates training. We successively build a chain of networks, where the output at one step can act as a low-fidelity input for training the next step, gradually increasing the expressivity of the learned model. The equations imposed at each step of the iterative process can be the same or different (akin to simulated annealing). The iterative (stacking) nature of the proposed method allows us to progressively learn features of a solution that are hard to learn directly. Through benchmark problems including a nonlinear pendulum, the wave equation, and the viscous Burgers equation, we show how stacking can be used to improve the accuracy and reduce the required size of physics-informed neural networks and operator networks.
Keywords	Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-11-11
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The use of indocyanine green in the management of symptomatic lymphatic leaks following inguinal lymph node surgery.

Khan, M / Murphy, S H / Durrani, A J

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS

2020 Volume 74, Issue 3, Page(s) 644–710

MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Coloring Agents/pharmacology ; Female ; Groin ; Humans ; Indocyanine Green/pharmacology ; Injections, Intradermal ; Intraoperative Care/methods ; Ligation/methods ; Lymph Node Excision/adverse effects ; Lymph Node Excision/methods ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Lymph Nodes/surgery ; Lymphatic Vessels/diagnostic imaging ; Lymphatic Vessels/surgery ; Lymphocele/etiology ; Lymphocele/surgery ; Lymphography/methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/adverse effects ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/methods ; Seroma/etiology ; Seroma/surgery ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Coloring Agents ; Indocyanine Green (IX6J1063HV)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-22
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports ; Letter
ZDB-ID	2217750-4
ISSN	1878-0539 ; 1748-6815 ; 0007-1226
ISSN (online)	1878-0539
ISSN	1748-6815 ; 0007-1226
DOI	10.1016/j.bjps.2020.08.043
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Article ; Online: Controlling organoid symmetry breaking uncovers an excitable system underlying human axial elongation.

Anand, Giridhar M / Megale, Heitor C / Murphy, Sean H / Weis, Theresa / Lin, Zuwan / He, Yichun / Wang, Xiao / Liu, Jia / Ramanathan, Sharad

Cell

2023 Volume 186, Issue 3, Page(s) 497–512.e23

Abstract: The human embryo breaks symmetry to form the anterior-posterior axis of the body. As the embryo elongates along this axis, progenitors in the tail bud give rise to tissues that generate spinal cord, skeleton, and musculature. This raises the question of ... ...

Abstract	The human embryo breaks symmetry to form the anterior-posterior axis of the body. As the embryo elongates along this axis, progenitors in the tail bud give rise to tissues that generate spinal cord, skeleton, and musculature. This raises the question of how the embryo achieves axial elongation and patterning. While ethics necessitate in vitro studies, the variability of organoid systems has hindered mechanistic insights. Here, we developed a bioengineering and machine learning framework that optimizes organoid symmetry breaking by tuning their spatial coupling. This framework enabled reproducible generation of axially elongating organoids, each possessing a tail bud and neural tube. We discovered that an excitable system composed of WNT/FGF signaling drives elongation by inducing a neuromesodermal progenitor-like signaling center. We discovered that instabilities in the excitable system are suppressed by secreted WNT inhibitors. Absence of these inhibitors led to ectopic tail buds and branches. Our results identify mechanisms governing stable human axial elongation.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Body Patterning ; Mesoderm ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Organoids
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	187009-9
ISSN	1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
ISSN (online)	1097-4172
ISSN	0092-8674
DOI	10.1016/j.cell.2022.12.043
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Zs.A 1167: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor of the Ankle: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Jones, Oliver / Murphy, Suzanne H / Poole, Kenneth E S / Watkins, A James / Durrani, Amer J

The Journal of foot and ankle surgery : official publication of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons

2021 Volume 61, Issue 1, Page(s) 185–188

Abstract: We report the case of a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor of the ankle; an extremely rare lesion that causes osteomalacia via paraneoplastic renal phosphate wasting. A 41-year-old man was referred to plastic surgery with a swelling over the anterior ankle, ... ...

Abstract	We report the case of a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor of the ankle; an extremely rare lesion that causes osteomalacia via paraneoplastic renal phosphate wasting. A 41-year-old man was referred to plastic surgery with a swelling over the anterior ankle, which had been increasing in size for 1 year. Focused ultrasound assessment was inconclusive, but excision biopsy demonstrated features in keeping with a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor. Evidence of tumor-induced osteomalacia was subsequently identified on review of historical biochemistry. The patient was followed-up for 1 year with normalization of serum phosphate. In this case report, we present a discussion of the differential diagnosis for foot and ankle soft tissue lesions, and a review of the literature regarding the diagnosis and management of these tumors. Accurate identification of any soft tissue lesion on clinical examination alone is extremely challenging and excision biopsy should be considered in cases of diagnostic uncertainty.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Ankle/diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Hypophosphatemia ; Male ; Mesenchymoma/diagnosis ; Mesenchymoma/diagnostic imaging ; Neoplasms, Connective Tissue/diagnostic imaging ; Neoplasms, Connective Tissue/surgery ; Osteomalacia ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Review
ZDB-ID	1146972-9
ISSN	1542-2224 ; 1067-2516
ISSN (online)	1542-2224
ISSN	1067-2516
DOI	10.1053/j.jfas.2021.07.019
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Article ; Online: Lymph node dissections in cutaneous malignancy: Where are we now? A review of 10 years' experience at a tertiary centre.

Jones, Oliver / Murphy, Suzanne H / Biosse-Duplan, Garance / Patel, Animesh J K / Roshan, Amit / Durrani, Amer J

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS

2021 Volume 74, Issue 11, Page(s) 2993–2998

Abstract: The surgical management of cutaneous malignancies has evolved over recent years with the introduction of novel medical therapies and an increasing emphasis upon early adjuvant systemic therapy. As such, completion lymph node dissection (cLND) is now no ... ...

Abstract	The surgical management of cutaneous malignancies has evolved over recent years with the introduction of novel medical therapies and an increasing emphasis upon early adjuvant systemic therapy. As such, completion lymph node dissection (cLND) is now no longer recommended following a positive sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in melanoma. We evaluated our ten-year practice at a regional tertiary centre, assessing the change in lymph node dissection (LND) caseload volume, anatomical distribution, and indication for the procedure. A retrospective search was carried out of all LNDs performed by the Plastic Surgery department at Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, UK from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2019. Case notes were retrospectively analysed for each procedure, with the site and pathology recorded. A total of 491 LNDs were performed over the 10-year period. Surgical volume peaked in 2015 with 67 cases, followed by a decline to 41 cases in 2019. The number of neck dissections increased over the decade, as well as the proportion of cases due to macroscopic nodal disease. We sub-analysed the number of LNDs in three contiguous 18-month intervals, corresponding to changes in practice due to evidence from the DeCOG and MSLT-II Trials. We found a 41.67% reduction in LNDs caseload between July 2018-Dec 2019, compared to a similar period prior to trial evidence (July 2015-Dec 2016) (p=0.0.14). In summary, the surgical volume of LNDs has decreased significantly since 2018, reflecting emerging evidence and changes to national guidelines. This will require ongoing monitoring for workforce planning and surgical training.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; England ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; Skin Neoplasms/pathology ; Skin Neoplasms/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-19
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2217750-4
ISSN	1878-0539 ; 1748-6815 ; 0007-1226
ISSN (online)	1878-0539
ISSN	1748-6815 ; 0007-1226
DOI	10.1016/j.bjps.2021.03.115
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Article ; Online: The slope of change: an environmental management approach to reduce drinking on a day of celebration at a US college.

Marchell, Timothy C / Lewis, Deborah D / Croom, Katherine / Lesser, Martin L / Murphy, Susan H / Reyna, Valerie F / Frank, Jeremy / Staiano-Coico, Lisa

Journal of American college health : J of ACH

2013 Volume 61, Issue 6, Page(s) 324–334

Abstract: Objective: This research extends the literature on event-specific environmental management with a case study evaluation of an intervention designed to reduce student drinking at a university's year-end celebration.: Participants: Cornell University ... ...

Abstract	Objective: This research extends the literature on event-specific environmental management with a case study evaluation of an intervention designed to reduce student drinking at a university's year-end celebration. Participants: Cornell University undergraduates were surveyed each May from 2001 through 2009. Sample sizes ranged from 322 to 1,973. Methods: Randomly sampled surveys were conducted after a large, annual spring campus celebration. An environmental management plan was initiated in 2003 that included increased enforcement of the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) law. Results: In the short term, drinking at the campus celebration decreased while drinking before the event increased. Over time, the intervention significantly reduced high-risk drinking on the day of the event, especially among those under the age of 21. Conclusion: These findings are contrary to the argument that enforcement of MLDA laws simply leads to increased high-risk drinking, and therefore have implications for how colleges approach the challenge of student alcohol misuse.
MeSH term(s)	Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology ; Alcohol Drinking/legislation & jurisprudence ; Alcohol Drinking/prevention & control ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; Female ; Humans ; Law Enforcement ; Male ; New York/epidemiology ; Organizational Case Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States ; Universities ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-02-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604907-2
ISSN	1940-3208 ; 0744-8481
ISSN (online)	1940-3208
ISSN	0744-8481
DOI	10.1080/07448481.2013.788008
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Article: Pediatric asthma

Warschburger, Petra / Murphy, Shirley H. / Kelly, William H.

Kindheit und Entwicklung

2006 Volume 9, Issue 2

Publishing date	2006-11-17
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1142124-1
ISSN	2190-6246 ; 0942-5403 ; 0942-5403
ISSN (online)	2190-6246
ISSN	0942-5403
DOI	10.1026//0942-5403.9.2.129
Database	Hogrefe publisher's database

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Article ; Online: Tumor suppressor p53 functions as a negative regulator in IgE-mediated mast cell activation.

Suzuki, Kotaro / Murphy, Samantha H / Xia, Yifeng / Yokota, Masaya / Nakagomi, Daiki / Liu, Fei / Verma, Inder M / Nakajima, Hiroshi

PloS one

2011 Volume 6, Issue 9, Page(s) e25412

Abstract: Mast cells are known to play a pivotal role in allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis by releasing granules containing histamine, LTC4, and other preformed chemical mediators. Previous reports have demonstrated that ... ...

Abstract	Mast cells are known to play a pivotal role in allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis by releasing granules containing histamine, LTC4, and other preformed chemical mediators. Previous reports have demonstrated that IKK2 (also called IKKβ), a central intracellular component of NF-κB activation pathways, plays a critical role in IgE-mediated degranulation of mast cells and anaphylaxis in mice. In this study, we show that protein levels of tumor suppressor p53 are up-regulated upon IgE-mediated activation in mast cells and lack of p53 results in enhanced responses in both early and late phase anaphylaxis. p53 inhibits not only the catalytic activity of IKK2 presumably through the modulation of glycosylation but also p65 (RelA)-mediated transactivation. Our findings are the first to demonstrate that p53 functions as a negative regulator in mast cells.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Flow Cytometry ; Glycosylation ; I-kappa B Kinase/genetics ; I-kappa B Kinase/metabolism ; Immunoblotting ; Immunoglobulin E/genetics ; Immunoglobulin E/metabolism ; Immunoprecipitation ; Mast Cells/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription Factor RelA/genetics ; Transcription Factor RelA/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Transcription Factor RelA ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; Immunoglobulin E (37341-29-0) ; I-kappa B Kinase (EC 2.7.11.10)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-09-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0025412
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Tumor suppressor protein (p)53, is a regulator of NF-κB repression by the glucocorticoid receptor

Murphy, Samantha H / Suzuki, Kotaro / Downes, Michael / Welch, Genevieve L / De Jesus, Paul / Miraglia, Loren J / Orth, Anthony P / Chanda, Sumit K / Evans, Ronald M / Verma, Inder M

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2011 Oct. 11, v. 108, no. 41

2011

Abstract: Glucocorticoids can inhibit inflammation by abrogating the activity of NF-κB, a family of transcription factors that regulates the production of proinflammatory cytokines. To understand the molecular mechanism of repression of NF-κB activity by ... ...

Abstract	Glucocorticoids can inhibit inflammation by abrogating the activity of NF-κB, a family of transcription factors that regulates the production of proinflammatory cytokines. To understand the molecular mechanism of repression of NF-κB activity by glucocorticoids, we performed a high-throughput siRNA oligo screen to identify novel genes involved in this process. Here, we report that loss of p53, a tumor suppressor protein, impaired repression of NF-κB target gene transcription by glucocorticoids. Additionally, loss of p53 also impaired transcription of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) target genes, whereas upstream NF-κB and glucocorticoid receptor signaling cascades remained intact. We further demonstrate that p53 loss severely impaired glucocorticoid rescue of death in a mouse model of LPS shock. Our findings unveil a new role for p53 in the repression of NF-κB by glucocorticoids and suggest important implications for treatment of the proinflammatory microenvironments found in tumors with aberrant p53 activity.
Keywords	animal models ; cytokines ; genes ; glucocorticoids ; neoplasms ; small interfering RNA ; transcription (genetics) ; transcription factors
Language	English
Dates of publication	2011-1011
Size	p. 17117-17122.
Publishing place	National Academy of Sciences
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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