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  1. AU="Naesens, Lieve M J"
  2. AU=Young Allen
  3. AU="Varisco, Brian M"
  4. AU="Liu, Ziping"
  5. AU="Gianvittorio, Stefano"
  6. AU="Mendoza, Bernardo S"
  7. AU="Lieberman, Steven M"
  8. AU="Chen, Michel"
  9. AU=Serur I.P.
  10. AU="Docters W."
  11. AU="Prusa, Kenneth J"
  12. AU="Dworschak-Simpson, Sierra"
  13. AU="Jurisica, Igor"
  14. AU="Ye, Jessica Meng"
  15. AU="Kiyoshi Takahara"
  16. AU="Sofía Bauer"
  17. AU="Randriamboavonjy, Joseph Iharinjaka"
  18. AU="DiFazio, Louis T"

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  1. Artikel ; Online: Effect of SARS-CoV-2 spike mutations on its activation by TMPRSS2 and TMPRSS13

    Stevaert, Annelies / Van Berwaer, Ria / Raeymaekers, Valerie / Laporte, Manon / Naesens, Lieve M.J.

    bioRxiv

    Abstract: The continuous emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants urges better understanding of the functional motifs in the spike (S) protein and their tolerance towards mutations. We here focus on the S2′ motif which, during virus entry, requires cleavage by a cell ... ...

    Abstract The continuous emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants urges better understanding of the functional motifs in the spike (S) protein and their tolerance towards mutations. We here focus on the S2′ motif which, during virus entry, requires cleavage by a cell surface protease to release the fusion peptide. Though belonging to an immunogenic region, the SARS-CoV-2 S2′ motif (811-KPSKR-815) has shown hardly any variation, with its three basic (K/R) residues being >99.99% conserved thus far. By creating a series of mutant S-pseudotyped viruses, we show that K<sub>814</sub>, which precedes the scissile R<sub>815</sub> residue, is dispensable for SARS-CoV-2 spike activation by TMPRSS2 but not TMPRSS13. The latter protease lost its activity towards SARS-CoV-2 S when the S2′ motif was swapped with that of the low pathogenic 229E coronavirus (685-RVAGR-689) and also the reverse effect was seen. This swap had no impact on TMPRSS2 activation. Also in the MERS-CoV spike, introducing a dibasic scissile motif was fully accepted by TMPRSS13 but less so by TMPRSS2. Our findings are the first to demonstrate which S2′ residues are important for SARS-CoV-2 spike activation by these two airway proteases, with TMPRSS13 exhibiting higher preference for K/R rich motifs than TMPRSS2. This preemptive insight can help to estimate the impact of S2′ motif changes as they may appear in new SARS-CoV-2 variants.
    Schlagwörter covid19
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-01-27
    Verlag Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2022.01.26.477969
    Datenquelle COVID19

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Functional Analysis of Human and Feline Coronavirus Cross-Reactive Antibodies Directed Against the SARS-CoV-2 Fusion Peptide.

    Vanderheijden, Nathalie / Stevaert, Annelies / Xie, Jiexiong / Ren, Xiaolei / Barbezange, Cyril / Noppen, Sam / Desombere, Isabelle / Verhasselt, Bruno / Geldhof, Peter / Vereecke, Nick / Stroobants, Veerle / Oh, Dayoung / Vanhee, Merijn / Naesens, Lieve M J / Nauwynck, Hans J

    Frontiers in immunology

    2022  Band 12, Seite(n) 790415

    Abstract: To face the continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, broadly protective therapeutic antibodies are highly needed. We here focused on the fusion peptide (FP) region of the viral spike antigen since it is highly conserved among alpha- and ... ...

    Abstract To face the continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, broadly protective therapeutic antibodies are highly needed. We here focused on the fusion peptide (FP) region of the viral spike antigen since it is highly conserved among alpha- and betacoronaviruses. First, we found that coronavirus cross-reactive antibodies are commonly formed during infection, being omnipresent in sera from COVID-19 patients, in ~50% of pre-pandemic human sera (rich in antibodies against endemic human coronaviruses), and even in feline coronavirus-infected cats. Pepscan analyses demonstrated that a confined N-terminal region of the FP is strongly immunogenic across diverse coronaviruses. Peptide-purified human antibodies targeting this conserved FP epitope exhibited broad binding of alpha- and betacoronaviruses, besides weak and transient SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity. Being frequently elicited by coronavirus infection, these FP-binding antibodies might potentially exhibit Fc-mediated effector functions and influence the kinetics or severity of coronavirus infection and disease.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Blood Donors ; COVID-19/blood ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/virology ; COVID-19 Serological Testing/methods ; Cats ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Coronavirus, Feline/immunology ; Cross Reactions ; Epitopes/immunology ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Peptides/immunology ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology ; Swine ; Vero Cells
    Chemische Substanzen Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antigens, Viral ; Epitopes ; Peptides ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-01-05
    Erscheinungsland Switzerland
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2021.790415
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Pyrrolidine nucleoside bisphosphonates as antituberculosis agents targeting hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase.

    Eng, Wai Soon / Rejman, Dominik / Pohl, Radek / West, Nicholas P / Woods, Kyra / Naesens, Lieve M J / Keough, Dianne T / Guddat, Luke W

    European journal of medicinal chemistry

    2018  Band 159, Seite(n) 10–22

    Abstract: Therapeutic treatment of tuberculosis (TB) is becoming increasingly problematic due to the emergence of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mt). Thus, new targets for anti-TB drug discovery need to be identified to combat and eradicate this ... ...

    Abstract Therapeutic treatment of tuberculosis (TB) is becoming increasingly problematic due to the emergence of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mt). Thus, new targets for anti-TB drug discovery need to be identified to combat and eradicate this disease. One such target is hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) which synthesises the 6-oxopurine nucleoside monophosphates essential for DNA/RNA production. [3R,4R]-4-Hypoxanthin-9-yl-3-((S)-2-hydroxy-2-phosphonoethyl)oxy-1-N-(phosphonopropionyl)pyrrolidine and [3R,4R]-4-guanin-9-yl-3-((S)-2-hydroxy-2-phosphonoethyl)oxy-1-N-(phosphonopropionyl)pyrrolidine (compound 6) are the most potent inhibitors of MtHGPRT yet discovered having K
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Antitubercular Agents/chemical synthesis ; Antitubercular Agents/chemistry ; Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Diphosphonates/chemistry ; Diphosphonates/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Inhibitors/chemical synthesis ; Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Humans ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/metabolism ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Molecular Structure ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/cytology ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/metabolism ; Nucleosides/chemistry ; Nucleosides/pharmacology ; Pyrrolidines/chemistry ; Pyrrolidines/pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; THP-1 Cells
    Chemische Substanzen Antitubercular Agents ; Diphosphonates ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; Nucleosides ; Pyrrolidines ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8) ; pyrrolidine (LJU5627FYV)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2018-09-19
    Erscheinungsland France
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 188597-2
    ISSN 1768-3254 ; 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
    ISSN (online) 1768-3254
    ISSN 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.039
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Artikel ; Online: The Design of Plasmodium vivax Hypoxanthine-Guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase Inhibitors as Potential Antimalarial Therapeutics.

    Keough, Dianne T / Rejman, Dominik / Pohl, Radek / Zborníková, Eva / Hockova, Dana / Croll, Tristan / Edstein, Michael D / Birrell, Geoff W / Chavchich, Marina / Naesens, Lieve M J / Pierens, Gregory K / Brereton, Ian M / Guddat, Luke W

    ACS chemical biology

    2017  

    Abstract: Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) and Plasmodium vivax (Pv) are the foremost causative agents of malaria. Due to the development of resistance to current antimalarial medications, new drugs for this parasitic disease need to be discovered. The activity of ... ...

    Abstract Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) and Plasmodium vivax (Pv) are the foremost causative agents of malaria. Due to the development of resistance to current antimalarial medications, new drugs for this parasitic disease need to be discovered. The activity of hypoxanthine-guanine-[xanthine]-phosphoribosyltransferase, HG[X]PRT, is reported to be essential for the growth of both of these parasites, making it an excellent target for antimalarial drug discovery. Here, we have used rational structure-based methods to design an inhibitor, [3R,4R]-4-guanin-9-yl-3-((S)-2-hydroxy-2-phosphonoethyl)oxy-1-N-(phosphonopropionyl)pyrrolidine, of PvHGPRT and PfHGXPRT which has Ki values of 8 nM and 7 nM, respectively for these two enzymes. The crystal structure of PvHGPRT in complex with this compound has been determined to 2.85 Å resolution. The corresponding complex with human HGPRT was also obtained to allow a direct comparison of the binding modes of this compound with the two enzymes. The tetra-(ethyl L-phenylalanine) tetraamide prodrug of this compound was synthesized and it has an IC50 of 11.7 3.2 M against Pf lines grown in culture and a CC50 in human A549 cell lines of 102 11 M, thus a ~10-fold selectivity index.
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2017-11-21
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article
    ISSN 1554-8937
    ISSN (online) 1554-8937
    DOI 10.1021/acschembio.7b00916
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Artikel ; Online: First Crystal Structures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 6-Oxopurine Phosphoribosyltransferase: Complexes with GMP and Pyrophosphate and with Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonates Whose Prodrugs Have Antituberculosis Activity.

    Eng, Wai Soon / Hocková, Dana / Špaček, Petr / Janeba, Zlatko / West, Nicholas P / Woods, Kyra / Naesens, Lieve M J / Keough, Dianne T / Guddat, Luke W

    Journal of medicinal chemistry

    2015  Band 58, Heft 11, Seite(n) 4822–4838

    Abstract: Human tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease affecting millions of lives. Because of emerging resistance to current medications, new therapeutic drugs are needed. One potential new target is hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (MtHGPRT), ...

    Abstract Human tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease affecting millions of lives. Because of emerging resistance to current medications, new therapeutic drugs are needed. One potential new target is hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (MtHGPRT), a key enzyme of the purine salvage pathway. Here, newly synthesized acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs) have been shown to be competitive inhibitors of MtHGPRT with Ki values as low as 0.69 μM. Prodrugs of these compounds arrest the growth of a virulent strain of M. tuberculosis with MIC50 values as low as 4.5 μM and possess low cytotoxicity in mammalian cells (CC50 values as high as >300 μM). In addition, the first crystal structures of MtHGPRT (2.03-2.76 Å resolution) have been determined, three of these in complex with novel ANPs and one with GMP and pyrophosphate. These data provide a solid foundation for the further development of ANPs as selective inhibitors of MtHGPRT and as antituberculosis agents.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Amino Acid Sequence ; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Antitubercular Agents/chemistry ; Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology ; Catalytic Domain ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Diphosphates/chemistry ; Diphosphates/metabolism ; Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Guanosine Monophosphate/chemistry ; Guanosine Monophosphate/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/chemistry ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/enzymology ; Organophosphonates/chemistry ; Organophosphonates/metabolism ; Prodrugs/chemistry ; Prodrugs/pharmacology ; Protein Conformation ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Tuberculosis/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis/microbiology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Chemische Substanzen Antineoplastic Agents ; Antitubercular Agents ; Diphosphates ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; Organophosphonates ; Prodrugs ; diphosphoric acid (4E862E7GRQ) ; Guanosine Monophosphate (85-32-5) ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2015-06-11
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218133-2
    ISSN 1520-4804 ; 0022-2623
    ISSN (online) 1520-4804
    ISSN 0022-2623
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00611
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Artikel ; Online: Inhibition of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase by acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: a new class of antimalarial therapeutics.

    Keough, Dianne T / Hocková, Dana / Holý, Antonín / Naesens, Lieve M J / Skinner-Adams, Tina S / Jersey, John de / Guddat, Luke W

    Journal of medicinal chemistry

    2009  Band 52, Heft 14, Seite(n) 4391–4399

    Abstract: The purine salvage enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine-xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGXPRT) is essential for purine nucleotide and hence nucleic acid synthesis in the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs) are ... ...

    Abstract The purine salvage enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine-xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGXPRT) is essential for purine nucleotide and hence nucleic acid synthesis in the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs) are analogues of the nucleotide product of the reaction, comprising a purine base joined by a linker to a phosphonate moiety. K(i) values for 19 ANPs were determined for Pf HGXPRT and the corresponding human enzyme, HGPRT. Values for Pf HGXPRT were as low as 100 nM, with selectivity for the parasite enzyme of up to 58. Structures of human HGPRT in complex with three ANPs are reported. On binding, a large mobile loop in the free enzyme moves to partly cover the active site. For three ANPs, the IC(50) values for Pf grown in cell culture were 1, 14, and 46 microM, while the cytotoxic concentration for the first compound was 489 microM. These results provide a basis for the design of potent and selective ANP inhibitors of Pf HGXPRT as antimalarial drug leads.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Animals ; Antimalarials/chemical synthesis ; Antimalarials/chemistry ; Antimalarials/pharmacology ; Antimalarials/toxicity ; Catalytic Domain ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Enzyme Inhibitors/chemical synthesis ; Enzyme Inhibitors/chemistry ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Enzyme Inhibitors/toxicity ; Erythrocytes/drug effects ; Erythrocytes/parasitology ; Humans ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/chemistry ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Models, Molecular ; Nucleosides/chemistry ; Organophosphonates/chemical synthesis ; Organophosphonates/chemistry ; Organophosphonates/pharmacology ; Organophosphonates/toxicity ; Plasmodium falciparum/drug effects ; Plasmodium falciparum/enzymology ; Plasmodium falciparum/growth & development ; Purinones/metabolism ; Substrate Specificity
    Chemische Substanzen Antimalarials ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; Nucleosides ; Organophosphonates ; Purinones ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2009-07-23
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218133-2
    ISSN 1520-4804 ; 0022-2623
    ISSN (online) 1520-4804
    ISSN 0022-2623
    DOI 10.1021/jm900267n
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Artikel ; Online: Inhibition of the Escherichia coli 6-oxopurine phosphoribosyltransferases by nucleoside phosphonates: potential for new antibacterial agents.

    Keough, Dianne T / Hocková, Dana / Rejman, Dominik / Spaček, Petr / Vrbková, Silvie / Krečmerová, Marcela / Eng, Wai Soon / Jans, Harmen / West, Nicholas P / Naesens, Lieve M J / de Jersey, John / Guddat, Luke W

    Journal of medicinal chemistry

    2013  Band 56, Heft 17, Seite(n) 6967–6984

    Abstract: Escherichia coli (Ec) cells possess two purine salvage enzymes: xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (XGPRT) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). EcXGPRT shares a common structural feature with other members of this family, a flexible ...

    Abstract Escherichia coli (Ec) cells possess two purine salvage enzymes: xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (XGPRT) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). EcXGPRT shares a common structural feature with other members of this family, a flexible loop that closes over the active site during catalysis. The replacement of six of these amino acids by alanine has no effect on the Km for the two substrates. However, the Ki for the nucleoside monophosphate increases by 27-fold, and the kcat is reduced by ∼200-fold. Nucleoside phosphonates (NP) are good inhibitors of EcXGPRT and EcHPRT, with Ki values as low as 10 nM. In the absence of the flexible loop, these values increase by 5- to 30-fold, indicating the importance of the loop for high-affinity inhibition. Crystal structures of two NPs in complex with EcXGPRT explain the tight binding. Prodrugs of NPs with low Ki values for EcXGPRT or EcHPRT exhibit IC50 values between 5 and 23 μM against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cell-based assays, suggesting that these compounds are therapeutic leads against pathogenic bacteria.
    Mesh-Begriff(e) Amino Acid Sequence ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Catalysis ; Catalytic Domain ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/chemistry ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/metabolism ; Mass Spectrometry ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
    Chemische Substanzen Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8)
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2013-09-12
    Erscheinungsland United States
    Dokumenttyp Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218133-2
    ISSN 1520-4804 ; 0022-2623
    ISSN (online) 1520-4804
    ISSN 0022-2623
    DOI 10.1021/jm400779n
    Datenquelle MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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