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Article ; Online: Ficolin-2 Lectin Complement Pathway Mediates Capsule-Specific Innate Immunity Against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease.

Nahm, Moon H / Yu, Jigui / Calix, Juan J / Ganaie, Feroze

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 841062

Abstract: Reports conflict regarding which lectin-microbial ligand interactions elicit a protective response from the lectin pathway (LP) of complement. Using fluorescent microscopy, we demonstrate the human lectin ficolin-2 binds ... ...

Abstract	Reports conflict regarding which lectin-microbial ligand interactions elicit a protective response from the lectin pathway (LP) of complement. Using fluorescent microscopy, we demonstrate the human lectin ficolin-2 binds to
MeSH term(s)	Complement Pathway, Mannose-Binding Lectin ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Lectins/metabolism ; Ligands ; Pneumococcal Infections ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Ficolins
Chemical Substances	Lectins ; Ligands
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2022.841062
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Article ; Online: Potentiating pneumococcal glycoconjugate vaccine PCV13 with saponin adjuvant VSA-1.

Kim, Hyunjung / Yu, Jigui / Bai, Di / Nahm, Moon H / Wang, Pengfei

Frontiers in immunology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 1079047

Abstract: VSA-1 is a semisynthetic saponin adjuvant prepared from naturally ... ...

Abstract	VSA-1 is a semisynthetic saponin adjuvant prepared from naturally occurring
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mice ; Female ; Pneumococcal Vaccines ; Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology ; Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic ; Immunoglobulin G ; Saponins/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Pneumococcal Vaccines ; Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic ; Immunoglobulin G ; Saponins
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2022.1079047
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Article ; Online: Erratum for Nahm et al., "A Common Food Glycan, Pectin, Shares an Antigen with Streptococcus pneumoniae Capsule".

Nahm, Moon H / Yu, Jigui / Vlach, Jiri / Bar-Peled, Maor

mSphere

2020 Volume 5, Issue 2

Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Published Erratum
ISSN	2379-5042
ISSN (online)	2379-5042
DOI	10.1128/mSphere.00363-20
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Article ; Online: Phosphorylcholine esterase is critical for Dolichos biflorus and Helix pomatia agglutinin binding to pneumococcal teichoic acid.

Zhou, Meng-Lan / Frost, Michael R / Xu, Ying-Chun / Nahm, Moon H

Journal of basic microbiology

2020 Volume 60, Issue 10, Page(s) 905–915

Abstract: Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) has wall teichoic acid (WTA) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) expressing the Forssman antigen (FA). Two lectins, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) and Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA), are known to bind FA. To ... ...

Abstract	Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) has wall teichoic acid (WTA) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) expressing the Forssman antigen (FA). Two lectins, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) and Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA), are known to bind FA. To determine the molecular structure targeted by these two lectins, different pneumococcal strains were studied for DBA/HPA binding with flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Genetic experiments were used to further examine the lectins' molecular target. Twelve strains were positive for DBA binding, whereas three were negative. Super-resolution microscopy showed that DBA stained only the subcapsular area of pneumococci. The three DBA nonbinders showed no phosphorylcholine esterase (Pce) activity in vitro, whereas 10 DBA binders displayed Pce activity (the remaining two strains were DBA binders with no Pce activity in vitro). The pcegene sequence for 10 representative strains revealed two functional pce alleles, the previously recognized "allele A" and a newly discovered "allele B" (with 12 additional nucleotides). Isolates with allele B showed no Pce activity in vitro but did bind to DBA, indicating allele B Pce is functional in vivo. Genetic transfer experiments confirmed that either allele is sufficient (and necessary) for DBA binding. The three DBA nonbinders had various mutations that affected Pce function. Observations with HPA were identical to those with DBA. We show that DBA and HPA bind only to the WTA/LTA of pneumococcal isolates with a functional Pce enzyme. A newly discovered Pce variant (allele B) is functional in vivo but nonfunctional when assayed in vitro.
MeSH term(s)	Alleles ; Bacterial Capsules/genetics ; Bacterial Capsules/metabolism ; Lectins/metabolism ; Mutation ; Plant Lectins/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/classification ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/genetics ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/metabolism ; Teichoic Acids/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Helix lectin ; Lectins ; Plant Lectins ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Teichoic Acids ; choline-binding protein E, Streptococcus pneumoniae ; dolichos biflorus agglutinin
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-27
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632513-0
ISSN	1521-4028 ; 0233-111X
ISSN (online)	1521-4028
ISSN	0233-111X
DOI	10.1002/jobm.202000177
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Zs.A 824: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A Common Food Glycan, Pectin, Shares an Antigen with Streptococcus pneumoniae Capsule.

Nahm, Moon H / Yu, Jigui / Vlach, Jiri / Bar-Peled, Maor

mSphere

2020 Volume 5, Issue 2

Abstract: We are exposed daily to many glycans from bacteria and food plants. Bacterial glycans are generally antigenic and elicit antibody responses. It is unclear if food glycans' sharing of antigens with bacterial glycans influences our immune responses to ... ...

Abstract	We are exposed daily to many glycans from bacteria and food plants. Bacterial glycans are generally antigenic and elicit antibody responses. It is unclear if food glycans' sharing of antigens with bacterial glycans influences our immune responses to bacteria. We studied 14 different plant foods for cross-reactivity with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against 24 pneumococcal serotypes which commonly cause infections and are included in pneumococcal vaccines. Serotype 15B-specific MAb cross-reacts with fruit peels, and serotype 10A MAb cross-reacts with many natural and processed plant foods. The serotype 10A cross-reactive epitope is terminal 1,6-linked β-galactose [βGal(1-6)], present in the rhamno-galacturonan I (RG-I) domain of pectin. Despite wide consumption of pectin, the immune response to 10A is comparable to the responses to other serotypes. An antipectin antibody can opsonize serotype 10A pneumococci, and the shared βGal(1-6) may be useful as a simple vaccine against 10A. Impact of food glycans should be considered in host-pathogen interactions and future vaccine designs.
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antigens, Bacterial/immunology ; Bacterial Capsules/immunology ; Cross Reactions ; Epitopes/immunology ; Fruit ; Humans ; Pectins/immunology ; Phagocytosis ; Serogroup ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/immunology ; Vegetables
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Bacterial ; Epitopes ; Pectins (89NA02M4RX)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ISSN	2379-5042
ISSN (online)	2379-5042
DOI	10.1128/mSphere.00074-20
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Article ; Online: Effect of Oral Streptococci Expressing Pneumococcus-like Cross-Reactive Capsule Types on World Health Organization Recommended Pneumococcal Carriage Detection Procedure.

Ganaie, Feroze / Branche, Angela R / Peasley, Michael / Rosch, Jason W / Nahm, Moon H

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2021 Volume 75, Issue 4, Page(s) 647–656

Abstract: Background: Carriage studies are fundamental to assessing the effects of pneumococcal vaccines. Because a large proportion of oral streptococci carry homologues of pneumococcal genes, non-culture-based detection and serotyping of upper respiratory tract ...

Abstract	Background: Carriage studies are fundamental to assessing the effects of pneumococcal vaccines. Because a large proportion of oral streptococci carry homologues of pneumococcal genes, non-culture-based detection and serotyping of upper respiratory tract (URT) samples can be problematic. In the current study, we investigated whether culture-free molecular methods could differentiate pneumococci from oral streptococci carried by adults in the URT. Methods: Paired nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) samples were collected from 100 older adults twice a month for 1 year. Extracts from the combined NP + OP samples (n = 2400) were subjected to lytA real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Positive samples were subjected to pure culture isolation, followed by species confirmation using multiple approaches. Multibead assays and whole-genome sequencing were used for serotyping. Results: In 20 of 301 combined NP + OP extracts with positive lytA PCR results, probable pneumococcus-like colonies grew, based on colony morphology and biochemical tests. Multiple approaches confirmed that 4 isolates were Streptococcus pneumoniae, 3 were Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae, 12 were Streptococcus mitis, and 1 were Streptococcus oralis. Eight nonpneumococcal strains carried pneumococcus-like cps loci (approximate size, 18-25 kb) that showed >70% nucleotide identity with their pneumococcal counterparts. While investigating the antigenic profile, we found that some S. mitis strains (P066 and P107) reacted with both serotype-specific polyclonal (type 39 and FS17b) and monoclonal (Hyp10AG1 and Hyp17FM1) antisera, whereas some strains (P063 and P074) reacted only with polyclonal antisera (type 5 and FS35a). Conclusion: The extensive capsular overlap suggests that pneumococcal vaccines could reduce carriage of oral streptococci expressing cross-reactive capsules. Furthermore, direct use of culture-free PCR-based methods in URT samples has limited usefulness for carriage studies.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Carrier State/diagnosis ; Humans ; Immune Sera ; Nasopharynx ; Pneumococcal Infections/prevention & control ; Pneumococcal Vaccines ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Serotyping ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; World Health Organization
Chemical Substances	Immune Sera ; Pneumococcal Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/ciab1003
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Zs.A 1505: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 480: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Interlaboratory variability in multiplexed pneumococcal antibody testing.

LaFon, David C / Nahm, Moon H

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

2018 Volume 143, Issue 3, Page(s) 1255–1257

MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Antibodies, Bacterial/blood ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Immunologic Tests ; Laboratories ; Middle Aged ; Pneumococcal Vaccines ; Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases/diagnosis ; Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases/immunology ; Reproducibility of Results ; Serogroup ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/immunology ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Bacterial ; Immunoglobulin G ; Pneumococcal Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	121011-7
ISSN	1097-6825 ; 1085-8725 ; 0091-6749
ISSN (online)	1097-6825 ; 1085-8725
ISSN	0091-6749
DOI	10.1016/j.jaci.2018.10.057
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Article ; Online: Measuring quantity and function of pneumococcal antibodies in immunoglobulin products.

LaFon, David C / Nahm, Moon H

Transfusion

2018 Volume 58 Suppl 3, Page(s) 3114–3120

Abstract: Background: Immunoglobulin replacement therapy is a cornerstone of the treatment of primary immunodeficiencies. Preparations used for replacement therapy are processed by purifying immunoglobulins from large pools of plasma, which were obtained from ... ...

Abstract	Background: Immunoglobulin replacement therapy is a cornerstone of the treatment of primary immunodeficiencies. Preparations used for replacement therapy are processed by purifying immunoglobulins from large pools of plasma, which were obtained from healthy donors. The constituent antibodies in these products depend on the immune history of the donor pool as well as manufacturing processes that differ among manufacturers. For these reasons various methods have been proposed to examine the levels and function of antibodies to organisms such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, which frequently causes infections in patients with immunodeficiencies. Pneumococcal antibody levels or antibody function can be measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or multiplexed opsonophagocytosis assay (MOPA). Although these assays were developed initially to assess the immunogenicity of pneumococcal vaccines, the techniques have been adapted to evaluate immunoglobulin products as well. Study design and methods: This article provides a concise review of the analytic techniques for measuring pneumococcal antibodies and prior studies of immunoglobulin products utilizing these methods. Results: Studies utilizing these assays have demonstrated that antibody levels of immunoglobulin products can vary with time, location, and manufacturer. Conclusions: We highlight current issues and future considerations concerning measurement of pneumococcal antibodies in immunoglobulin products, and the assays used for this purpose.
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies, Bacterial/analysis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins/analysis ; Immunoglobulins/chemistry ; Immunologic Tests/methods ; Pneumococcal Vaccines/analysis ; Pneumococcal Vaccines/chemistry ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/immunology
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Bacterial ; Immunoglobulins ; Pneumococcal Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-12-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
ZDB-ID	208417-x
ISSN	1537-2995 ; 0041-1132
ISSN (online)	1537-2995
ISSN	0041-1132
DOI	10.1111/trf.15015
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Article ; Online: Measuring immune responses to pneumococcal vaccines.

LaFon, David C / Nahm, Moon H

Journal of immunological methods

2018 Volume 461, Page(s) 37–43

Abstract: Quantitative assays that measure immune response to pneumococcal vaccines are not only important for the evaluation of vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy, but are also utilized in the clinical diagnosis of immune deficiency syndromes. Analytical methods ...

Abstract	Quantitative assays that measure immune response to pneumococcal vaccines are not only important for the evaluation of vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy, but are also utilized in the clinical diagnosis of immune deficiency syndromes. Analytical methods have progressed in order to meet changing demands in both of these areas, from early methods to ELISA, and most recently multiplex bead array assays and opsonophagocytosis assays (OPA). It is necessary to understand the evolution of such techniques and the criteria for their interpretation in order to better inform the application of currently available methods, and to guide future investigation into assay development.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptive Immunity ; Antibodies, Bacterial/blood ; Antibodies, Bacterial/immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods ; Humans ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/blood ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/diagnosis ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/immunology ; Pneumococcal Vaccines/immunology ; Pneumococcal Vaccines/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Bacterial ; Pneumococcal Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-08
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
ZDB-ID	120142-6
ISSN	1872-7905 ; 0022-1759
ISSN (online)	1872-7905
ISSN	0022-1759
DOI	10.1016/j.jim.2018.08.002
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Article: Measuring immune responses to pneumococcal vaccines

LaFon, David C / Nahm, Moon H

Journal of immunological methods. 2018 Oct., v. 461

2018

Abstract	Quantitative assays that measure immune response to pneumococcal vaccines are not only important for the evaluation of vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy, but are also utilized in the clinical diagnosis of immune deficiency syndromes. Analytical methods have progressed in order to meet changing demands in both of these areas, from early methods to ELISA, and most recently multiplex bead array assays and opsonophagocytosis assays (OPA). It is necessary to understand the evolution of such techniques and the criteria for their interpretation in order to better inform the application of currently available methods, and to guide future investigation into assay development.
Keywords	analytical methods ; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; immune response ; immunogenicity ; immunosuppression ; vaccines
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-10
Size	p. 37-43.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	120142-6
ISSN	1872-7905 ; 0022-1759
ISSN (online)	1872-7905
ISSN	0022-1759
DOI	10.1016/j.jim.2018.08.002
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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