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  1. Article: [Clinical research and conflict of interest].

    Nakada, Haruka

    Rinsho ketsueki] The Japanese journal of clinical hematology

    2022  Volume 63, Issue 9, Page(s) 1344–1347

    Abstract: In clinical research, the term "conflict of interest" appears quiet frequently. Conflict of interest does not always result in research misconduct, nor is it always an issue. Conflict of interest rules differ depending on the type and stage of research, ... ...

    Abstract In clinical research, the term "conflict of interest" appears quiet frequently. Conflict of interest does not always result in research misconduct, nor is it always an issue. Conflict of interest rules differ depending on the type and stage of research, and researchers are expected to choose and follow them appropriately. In this paper, we review the fundamental concept of conflict of interest management in clinical research and the importance of conflict of interest management, and then organize the various rules based on the type and stage of research. Furthermore, the key points for effective conflict of interest management that researchers should be aware of are summarized.
    MeSH term(s) Biomedical Research ; Humans ; Scientific Misconduct
    Language Japanese
    Publishing date 2022-08-31
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 390900-1
    ISSN 0485-1439
    ISSN 0485-1439
    DOI 10.11406/rinketsu.63.1344
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  2. Article ; Online: Local motion signals silence the perceptual solution of global apparent motion.

    Nakada, Hoko / Murakami, Ikuya

    Journal of vision

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 6, Page(s) 12

    Abstract: Stimuli for apparent motion can have ambiguity in frame-to-frame correspondences among visual elements. This occurs when visual inputs cause a correspondence problem that allows multiple alternatives of perceptual solutions. Herein we examined the ... ...

    Abstract Stimuli for apparent motion can have ambiguity in frame-to-frame correspondences among visual elements. This occurs when visual inputs cause a correspondence problem that allows multiple alternatives of perceptual solutions. Herein we examined the influence of local visual motions on a perceptual solution under such a multistable situation. We repeatedly alternated two frames of stimuli in a circular configuration in which discrete elements in two different colors alternated in space and switched their colors frame by frame. These stimuli were compatible with three perceptual solutions: globally consistent clockwise and counterclockwise rotations and color flickers at the same locations without such global apparent motion. We added a sinusoidal grating continuously drifting within each element to examine whether the perceptual solution for the global apparent motion was affected by the local continuous motions. We found that the local motions suppressed global apparent motion and promoted another perceptual solution that the local elements were only flickering between the two colors and drifting within static windows. It was concluded that local continuous motions as counterevidence against global apparent motion contributed to individuating visual objects and integrating visual features for maintaining object identity at the same location.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Motion Perception ; Motion ; Photic Stimulation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2106064-2
    ISSN 1534-7362 ; 1534-7362
    ISSN (online) 1534-7362
    ISSN 1534-7362
    DOI 10.1167/jov.23.6.12
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  3. Article: [Patient and Public Involvement in Cancer Clinical Research].

    Nakada, Haruka / Muto, Kaori

    Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy

    2022  Volume 49, Issue 10, Page(s) 1025–1029

    Abstract: The involvement of patients and the public with researchers is essential in clinical research on cancer treatment. In recent years, patient and public involvement(PPI)has been required in all medical research processes. This paper summarizes practical ... ...

    Abstract The involvement of patients and the public with researchers is essential in clinical research on cancer treatment. In recent years, patient and public involvement(PPI)has been required in all medical research processes. This paper summarizes practical considerations and examples of the PPI process referred to in the"Patient and Public Involvement(PPI)Guidebook"of the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development(AMED). The process consists of the introduction of PPI, recruitment of PPI participants, conflict of interest management and rewards for PPI participants, the confidentiality of PPI participants, and reporting results and feedback. It is difficult to provide a standardized procedure because PPI activities vary among the research projects. It is recommended to implement PPI activities into your research project by utilizing the actual cases or existing information sources.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Patient Participation/methods ; Research Design ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Referral and Consultation ; Japan
    Language Japanese
    Publishing date 2022-08-08
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604842-0
    ISSN 0385-0684
    ISSN 0385-0684
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  4. Article ; Online: Search asymmetry in periodical changes of motion directions.

    Nakada, Hoko / Murakami, Ikuya

    Vision research

    2022  Volume 195, Page(s) 108025

    Abstract: We often need to search for an object in a dynamic environment. However, there remains a limited understanding of search processes responding to dynamic inputs of stimuli, especially regarding the mid-level stages of our visual processing hierarchy. In ... ...

    Abstract We often need to search for an object in a dynamic environment. However, there remains a limited understanding of search processes responding to dynamic inputs of stimuli, especially regarding the mid-level stages of our visual processing hierarchy. In this study, we investigated whether and to what extent search asymmetry is observed between a search for a directionally changing item among constantly drifting items and vice versa. We found a significant search asymmetry in which a search for a directionally changing target among constantly drifting distractors was fairly efficient, while a search for a constantly drifting target among directionally changing distractors was drastically inefficient. We compared these results with other cases of search for a color-changing item among color-constant items and vice versa. These results suggest that directional changes are not a guiding attribute, but they are processed differently depending on whether they are assigned as a target to be found or distractors to be rejected; in the latter case, observers have difficulty rejecting them as distractors. We propose that the significant search asymmetry reflects the period of time during which directional changes are temporarily inaccessible to the visual system when deciding between a distractor and a target.
    MeSH term(s) Attention ; Humans ; Reaction Time ; Visual Perception
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 200427-6
    ISSN 1878-5646 ; 0042-6989
    ISSN (online) 1878-5646
    ISSN 0042-6989
    DOI 10.1016/j.visres.2022.108025
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  5. Article: Radiological features of intrathoracic chronic expanding hematoma: A case report.

    Inomata, Mayu / Kuroki, Shoei / Nakada, Hiroshi / Kawano, Fumiya / Maeda, Ryo

    International journal of surgery case reports

    2023  Volume 110, Page(s) 108767

    Abstract: Introduction and importance: We present a relatively rare case of intrathoracic chronic expanding hematoma (CEH) after thoracic surgery for lung cancer. CEH is often difficult to distinguish from malignant tumors because of its large size and slow ... ...

    Abstract Introduction and importance: We present a relatively rare case of intrathoracic chronic expanding hematoma (CEH) after thoracic surgery for lung cancer. CEH is often difficult to distinguish from malignant tumors because of its large size and slow progressive enlargement. In this report, we describe the radiological features of CEH in detail.
    Case presentation: A 67-year-old man who underwent a left upper lobectomy for lung cancer at 46 years of age presented with hemosputum. Computed tomography revealed a large mass with central low attenuation. Calcification was detected in peripheral lesions of the mass. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a mass with mixed low and high signal intensities. Based on the clinical course, the patient was diagnosed with an intrathoracic CEH. A left posterolateral thoracotomy was performed with the patient in the lateral position, and a mass encased in a tough capsule was resected. The postoperative histopathological findings were consistent with CEH.
    Clinical discussion: CT of intrathoracic CEH shows a lesion with heterogeneous content, a thick wall, and calcifications. However, differentiation from malignant tumors is difficult using CT alone. MRI is a good diagnostic modality for CEH and often shows a mixture of low- and high-intensity areas on T2-weighted images. In addition, the patient's medical history is important because most cases of CEH have a history of trauma or surgery.
    Conclusion: To diagnose intrathoracic CEH, it is essential to consider the patient's clinical course and MRI findings.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-29
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 2210-2612
    ISSN 2210-2612
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108767
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  6. Book ; Online: Gaps in N-expansions

    de Jonge, J. / Kraaikamp, C. / Nakada, H.

    2021  

    Abstract: For a natural number $N\geq 2$ and a real $\alpha$ such that $0 < \alpha \leq \sqrt{N}-1$, we define $I_\alpha:=[\alpha,\alpha+1]$ and $I_\alpha^-:=[\alpha,\alpha+1)$ and investigate the continued fraction map $T_\alpha:I_\alpha \to I_\alpha^-$, which is ...

    Abstract For a natural number $N\geq 2$ and a real $\alpha$ such that $0 < \alpha \leq \sqrt{N}-1$, we define $I_\alpha:=[\alpha,\alpha+1]$ and $I_\alpha^-:=[\alpha,\alpha+1)$ and investigate the continued fraction map $T_\alpha:I_\alpha \to I_\alpha^-$, which is defined as $T_\alpha(x):= N/x-d(x),$ where $d(x):=\left \lfloor N/x -\alpha\right \rfloor$. For all natural $N \geq 7$, for certain values of $\alpha$, open intervals $(a,b) \subset I_\alpha$ exist such that for almost every $x \in I_{\alpha}$ there is an natural number $n_0$ for which $T_\alpha^n(x) \notin (a,b)$ for all $n\geq n_0$. These \emph{gaps} $(a,b)$ are investigated in the square $\Upsilon_\alpha:=I_\alpha \times I_\alpha^-$, where the \emph{orbits} $T_\alpha^k(x), k=0,1,2,\ldots$ of numbers $x \in I_\alpha$ are represented as cobwebs. The squares $\Upsilon_\alpha$ are the union of \emph{fundamental regions}, which are related to the cylinder sets of the map $T_\alpha$, according to the finitely many values of $d$ in $T_\alpha$. In this paper some clear conditions are found under which $I_\alpha$ is gapless. When $I_\alpha$ consists of at least five cylinder sets, it is always gapless. In the case of four cylinder sets there are usually no gaps, except for the rare cases that there is one, very wide gap. Gaplessness in the case of two or three cylinder sets depends on the position of the endpoints of $I_\alpha$ with regard to the fixed points of $I_\alpha$ under $T_\alpha$.
    Keywords Mathematics - Number Theory ; Mathematics - Dynamical Systems
    Subject code 519 ; 610
    Publishing date 2021-07-14
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Design, synthesis, and properties of des-D-ring interphenylene derivatives of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D

    Ibe, Kouta / Nakada, Haruki / Ohgami, Mayu / Yamada, Takeshi / Okamoto, Sentaro

    European journal of medicinal chemistry

    2022  Volume 243, Page(s) 114795

    Abstract: Novel des-D-ring interphenylene analogs of vitamin ... ...

    Abstract Novel des-D-ring interphenylene analogs of vitamin D
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Receptors, Calcitriol/metabolism ; Vitamin D ; Cholecalciferol ; Protein Binding ; Molecular Conformation
    Chemical Substances 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (66772-14-3) ; Receptors, Calcitriol ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Cholecalciferol (1C6V77QF41)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-27
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 188597-2
    ISSN 1768-3254 ; 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
    ISSN (online) 1768-3254
    ISSN 0009-4374 ; 0223-5234
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114795
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  8. Article: A spontaneous reduction in tumor size of a thymic carcinoma: a case report.

    Kuroki, Shoei / Ayabe, Takanori / Tanaka, Hiroyuki / Nakada, Hiroshi / Maeda, Ryo

    Surgical case reports

    2022  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 154

    Abstract: Background: Spontaneous regression of thymic carcinoma is extremely rare. We report a case of a resected thymic carcinoma with preoperative spontaneous regression in a 67-year-old woman.: Case presentation: The patient presented with low-grade fever ... ...

    Abstract Background: Spontaneous regression of thymic carcinoma is extremely rare. We report a case of a resected thymic carcinoma with preoperative spontaneous regression in a 67-year-old woman.
    Case presentation: The patient presented with low-grade fever and anterior chest pain. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed a 55 × 43 mm exophytic heterogeneously enhancing mass showing some areas of necrosis. Chest CT done one day preoperatively revealed that the tumor had rapidly shrunk for one month. Surgical resection was performed to obtain a definitive diagnosis and achieve complete resection, yielding a postoperative diagnosis of thymic carcinoma. The patient survived without signs of recurrence for 12 months postoperatively.
    Conclusions: Mediastinal tumors with necrosis demonstrating spontaneous regression should include thymic carcinomas in the differential diagnosis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809613-7
    ISSN 2198-7793
    ISSN 2198-7793
    DOI 10.1186/s40792-022-01510-w
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  9. Article ; Online: Where Can Patients Obtain Information on the Preapproval Access Pathway to Investigational Treatment in Japan? A Survey of Patient Advocacy Organizations' Websites.

    Nakada, Haruka / Takashima, Kyoko

    Clinical pharmacology in drug development

    2019  Volume 8, Issue 8, Page(s) 978–983

    Abstract: Investigational treatments are those that have been approved for testing in humans but are not yet available as an approved treatment option. For many patients with a terminal illness who have no approved treatment option and are not eligible for a ... ...

    Abstract Investigational treatments are those that have been approved for testing in humans but are not yet available as an approved treatment option. For many patients with a terminal illness who have no approved treatment option and are not eligible for a clinical trial, investigational treatments are the last resort. However, not much is known about the dissemination of information by patient advocacy organizations (PAOs). We evaluated the quantity and quality of information on preapproval access to investigational therapies provided by Japanese PAO websites between January 24 and March 29, 2019. A total of 49 PAOs were identified. Of these, 16 (33%) provided no relevant information. The most frequent information provided was the PAO's own clinical trial finder or list of clinical trials (n = 15, 31%); of the 10 cancer-related PAOs, 5 (50%) provided this information. Nine (18%) PAOs had developed patient registries or provided a link to relevant registries. Only 1 PAO (2%) provided a link about the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare trials that described the process and regulations of clinical trials. Our results indicate that PAOs do not disseminate adequate information on preapproval pathways. We suggest that the government involve PAOs in disseminating this information to both patients and physicians.
    MeSH term(s) Access to Information ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Databases, Factual ; Health Information Systems/organization & administration ; Health Literacy ; Humans ; Information Dissemination ; Internet/organization & administration ; Japan ; Patient Advocacy ; Registries ; Therapies, Investigational
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2649010-9
    ISSN 2160-7648 ; 2160-763X
    ISSN (online) 2160-7648
    ISSN 2160-763X
    DOI 10.1002/cpdd.745
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  10. Article ; Online: Effect of a lever aid on hand strength required for using a handheld inhaler correctly.

    Nakada, Hideo / Aomori, Tohru / Mochizuki, Mayumi

    International journal of pharmaceutics

    2021  Volume 596, Page(s) 120249

    Abstract: In the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, using a lever aid to improve drug delivery from an inhaler is recommended for patients with poor muscle strength. However, no studies have investigated the effect on hand strength of ... ...

    Abstract In the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, using a lever aid to improve drug delivery from an inhaler is recommended for patients with poor muscle strength. However, no studies have investigated the effect on hand strength of using a lever aid. Here, we measured hand strength before and after operating a lever aid and tried to predict the required strength. We compared the pinch force required to activate a pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) and a dry powder inhaler as well as the rotational torque required to activate a soft mist inhaler (SMI) before and after attaching a lever aid. We then assessed the correlation between the theoretical and measured pinch force after fitting the lever aid. Use of the lever aid significantly reduced the pinch force required for pMDI operation from 26.13-48.74 N to 4.90-16.87 N. In contrast, using a lever aid significantly reduced the force needed to rotate SMI, although the rotational torque required to operate did not change. There was a significant positive correlation between the theoretical and measured pinch forces required to activate a pMDI fitted with a lever aid. Using a lever aid will increase the number of patients who can use this device.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Inhalation ; Bronchodilator Agents/therapeutic use ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Metered Dose Inhalers ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Bronchodilator Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-28
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 428962-6
    ISSN 1873-3476 ; 0378-5173
    ISSN (online) 1873-3476
    ISSN 0378-5173
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120249
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