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Article ; Online: Awareness and hesitancy of COVID-19 and other vaccines among people living with HIV/AIDS attending antiretroviral therapy (ART) center in North India

Aman Dev Singh / Naina Upal / Simmi Oberoi / Namrata Singh / Archit Garg / Avneet Kaur / Ashujot Kaur

Indian Journal of Community Medicine, Vol 48, Iss 3, Pp 492-

2023 Volume 496

Abstract: Introduction: Approximately 40 years have passed since we first learned about the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but several people living with HIV (PLHIV) in developing countries such as India cannot avail treatments. This makes preventive measures, ...

Abstract	Introduction: Approximately 40 years have passed since we first learned about the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but several people living with HIV (PLHIV) in developing countries such as India cannot avail treatments. This makes preventive measures, such as vaccinations, critical in these persons to avoid vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs). However, little is known about the willingness and perceptions of PLHIV regarding these vaccines. Therefore, we explored vaccine awareness and hesitancy, especially during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: The primary objective was to determine the uptake of the Covid-19 vaccine and other VPD's among PLHIV and factors affecting the same in Antiretroviral therapy (ART) centers in a tertiary care hospital in North India. Research Design and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of HIV patients who attended our Antiretroviral Therapy center (ART). Clinical data were collected using a questionnaire on general profile, disease information, knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding vaccinations, and vaccination status for different VPDs. Results/Findings: We enrolled 300 subjects and found that 82% of the patients attending our ART center were aware of vaccinations, most of whom were aware of the polio vaccine (n=91, 30.33%), followed by tuberculosis (n=61, 20.33%), and the majority of them were not aware of vaccines indicated in PLHIV. We also found that the majority (n= 240, 80.23%) of patients had vaccine hesitancy, especially regarding the new COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion: There is a need to create awareness among people about the benefits and uses of vaccination to achieve the greater goal of reduced morbidity and mortality among PLHIV. There is a need for free vaccination programs for VPDs in PLHIV patients.
Keywords	aids ; covid-19 ; hesitancy ; hiv ; vaccination ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Vitamin D status & bone health in patients with liver cirrhosis

Indu Grover / Namrata Singh / Deepak Gunjan / Jaya Benjamin / Lakshmy Ramakrishnan / R M Pandey / Hem Chandra Sati / Anoop Saraya

Indian Journal of Medical Research, Vol 158, Iss 3, Pp 284-

2023 Volume 291

Abstract: Background & objectives: Vitamin D plays an important role in bone metabolism, and liver is the intermediary site of vitamin D metabolism. The purpose of this study was to study the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and bone health in patients with ... ...

Abstract	Background & objectives: Vitamin D plays an important role in bone metabolism, and liver is the intermediary site of vitamin D metabolism. The purpose of this study was to study the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and bone health in patients with cirrhosis. Methods: Prospectively, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] level were assessed in cirrhotics by chemiluminescence method. Endocrine Society Clinical practice guideline was used to define deficiency and insufficiency of vitamin D. Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and the World Health Organization criteria was used to define osteoporosis and osteopenia. The lowest T score at the left hip neck or lumbar spine was taken as osteoporosis or osteopenia. The Child-Turcotte-Pugh score was used to assess the severity of cirrhosis. Results: Cirrhotics (n=350, male: 278, compensated: 210) were included. Mean serum 25(OH)D level was 8.75 ng/ml. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and low-BMD (osteopenia and osteoporosis) was 89.4 and 86 per cent, respectively. VDD, insufficiency and osteoporosis was found in 86.7, 11.9 and 33.8 per cent, respectively, in patients with compensated cirrhosis; and 93.6, 3.6 and 40 per cent, respectively, in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Body mass index of >25 kg/m2 was protective for bone health. Interpretation & conclusions: VDD and low-BMD is prevalent in Indian patients with cirrhosis and should be looked for in patients with cirrhosis for its prevention.
Keywords	bone mineral density - cirrhosis - osteopenia - osteoporosis - vitamin d ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A study on diabetic foot ulcers in Central rural India to formulate empiric antimicrobial therapy

Amit Kumar Singh / Meenakshi Yeola / Namrata Singh / Smita Damke

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Vol 9, Iss 8, Pp 4216-

2020 Volume 4222

Abstract: Aim: This study was carried out on patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) to assess the clinical characteristics, spectrum of microbial flora, antibiotic sensitivity, and devise an empiric antimicrobial therapy. Material Methods: Clinical data and ... ...

Abstract	Aim: This study was carried out on patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) to assess the clinical characteristics, spectrum of microbial flora, antibiotic sensitivity, and devise an empiric antimicrobial therapy. Material Methods: Clinical data and tissue samples were collected from 105 diabetic foot ulcer patients between December 2018 and November 2019. The collected samples were processed as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines and clinical and microbiological data was analyzed. Results: In this study of 105 patients, DFU was most common in males in 5th and 6th decade of life. Majority of patients had poor glycemic control and neuropathy. Of 110 bacterial isolates obtained from 97 samples, 73.7% were Gram-negative bacteria, and 27.3% were Gram-positive. Most of samples (48.6%) showed growth of single bacteria, growth of two bacteria and polymicrobial growth was seen in 28.6% and 15.2% of tissue samples respectively of which. Pseudomonas was predominant isolate (27.3%) sensitive to imipenem (90%), amikacin (86.6%), gentamicin (83.3%), and cefotaxime (80%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (19.1%) sensitive to amikacin and gentamicin (100%), and ofloxacin (90%). Pseudomonas, E. coli, Proteus and Klebsiella were highly resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Conclusion: This study showed DFU are common in 5th and 6th decades of life. Gram-negative bacteria are predominant infective organism. Most of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria are resistant to variable degrees to commonly used antibiotics and sensitive to aminoglycosides. Amikacin and gentamicin can be used as empiric antibiotics for treatment of DFU infections.
Keywords	antibiotic sensitivity ; central india ; diabetic foot ulcer ; empiric treatment ; infection ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Giant Wharton's duct sialolithiasis causing sialo-oral fistula

Amit Kumar Singh / Meenakshi Yeola / Pratikshit Raghuvanshi / Namrata Singh

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Vol 9, Iss 11, Pp 5793-

a rare case report with literature review

2020 Volume 5795

Abstract: Giant submandibular sialolithiasis is uncommon and sialoliths causing sialo-oral fistula are rare. We report a case of giant Wharton's duct sialolithiasis causing sialo-oral fistula in a 40 years male who presented with pain and swelling over right side ... ...

Abstract	Giant submandibular sialolithiasis is uncommon and sialoliths causing sialo-oral fistula are rare. We report a case of giant Wharton's duct sialolithiasis causing sialo-oral fistula in a 40 years male who presented with pain and swelling over right side of floor of mouth for more than two years and visualisation of yellow coloured stone like structure at floor of mouth in the last two days. With diagnosis of Submandibular gland sialolithiasis with sialo-oral fistula, sialolithotomy and marsupialization of Wharton's duct was done under local anaesthesia.
Keywords	giant ; masupilization ; sialo-oral fistula ; sialolith ; submandibular gland ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The importance of nutrition as an integral part of disease management

Namrata Singh / Anoop Saraya

Indian Journal of Medical Research, Vol 144, Iss 6, Pp 949-

2016 Volume 950

Keywords	Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Association of blood biomarkers and autoimmunity with immune related adverse events in patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors

Despina Michailidou / Ali Raza Khaki / Maria Pia Morelli / Leonidas Diamantopoulos / Namrata Singh / Petros Grivas

Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract Patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) develop immune related adverse events (irAEs), however biomarkers are lacking. We hypothesized that clinicopathologic and laboratory factors would be associated with irAE risk ...

Abstract	Abstract Patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) develop immune related adverse events (irAEs), however biomarkers are lacking. We hypothesized that clinicopathologic and laboratory factors would be associated with irAE risk and overall survival (OS) in this population. In a retrospective study of patients treated with ICIs we collected clinicopathologic, laboratory, irAEs and outcomes data. The association between baseline blood biomarkers, clinicopathologic features and irAEs was assessed by logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, smoking, cancer type, performance status, concomitant other systemic therapy, history of autoimmune disease (AD), chronic infection and pre-existing systemic steroid use (regardless of dose). Optimal cutoff values of biomarkers were identified by recursive partitioning analysis. 470 patients were identified; 156 (33%) developed irAEs, which were associated with baseline absolute lymphocyte count > 2.6 k/ul (adjusted [a]OR: 4.30), absolute monocyte count > 0.29 k/ul (aOR: 2.34) and platelet count > 145 k/ul (aOR: 2.23), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≤ 5.3 (aOR: 2.07) and monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR) ≤ 0.73 (aOR: 2.96), as well as platelet to lymphocyte ratio ≤ 534 (aOR: 5.05). Patients with pre-existing AD (aOR: 2.57), family history of AD (aOR: 5.98), and ICI combination (aOR: 2.00) had higher odds of irAEs. Baseline NLR ≤ 5.3 (aHR: 0.68), MLR ≤ 0.73 (aHR: 0.43), PLT > 145 (aHR: 0.48) and PLR ≤ 534 (aHR: 0.48) were associated with longer OS. irAEs were associated with autoimmune history, ICI combination and baseline laboratory measurements. Lower NLR, MLR and PLR may have favorable prognostic value. Our hypothesis-generating findings require validation in larger prospective studies.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	616 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Neem oil and its nanoemulsion in sustainable food preservation and packaging

Santosh Kumar / Namrata Singh / L. Susmita Devi / Shrawan Kumar / Madhu Kamle / Pradeep Kumar / Avik Mukherjee

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, Vol 7, Iss , Pp 100254- (2022)

Current status and future prospects

2022

Abstract: Neem oil is a natural, bioactive plant extract obtained primarily from neem seeds. It has excellent antimicrobial, antioxidant, pesticidal and insecticidal properties rendering it an attractive alternative to synthetic chemicals in application of food ... ...

Abstract	Neem oil is a natural, bioactive plant extract obtained primarily from neem seeds. It has excellent antimicrobial, antioxidant, pesticidal and insecticidal properties rendering it an attractive alternative to synthetic chemicals in application of food preservation, packaging and storage. Neem oil and its components (e.g., azadirachtin) have been used in storage of food grains for many years. Photosensitivity, rapid degradation, and impact(s) on sensory qualities of food pose major challenges against applications in food preservation and packaging. Nanoemulsions of neem oil are gaining extensive research attention in various fields including food and agriculture sectors, as they are more stable, efficient, and possess improved functionalities. Neem oil or its nanoemulsion has also been used in chitosan, starch, or pectin based active packaging of foods including fruits and vegetables. Numerous studies have reported that careful use of neem oil and its components in food preservation, packaging, and coatings are for human health and also environment-friendly. The current review briefly insight the chemistry, functional properties of neem oil, advanced delivery system, nanoemulsion preparation techniques, various applications of neem oil and nanoemulsion for food preservation and packaging and also risk assessment on human health and environments along with current and future prospects.
Keywords	Plant-derived antimicrobial ; Essential oil ; Nanomaterials ; Biopolymer-based composite ; Food preservation and storage ; Food safety ; Agriculture (General) ; S1-972 ; Nutrition. Foods and food supply ; TX341-641
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Lifestyle-related advice in the management of obesity

Sakshi Chopra / Anita Malhotra / Piyush Ranjan / Naval K Vikram / Namrata Singh

Journal of Education and Health Promotion, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 239-

A step-wise approach

2020 Volume 239

Abstract: Obesity is a commonly encountered health-care problem that is an independent risk factor for chronic metabolic complications. Primary care physicians are the first point of contact in the management of obesity. Weight management is a step-wise ... ...

Abstract	Obesity is a commonly encountered health-care problem that is an independent risk factor for chronic metabolic complications. Primary care physicians are the first point of contact in the management of obesity. Weight management is a step-wise intensification of interventions that initiates with lifestyle modification. Dietary and physical activity advices are integral components of all weight loss consultations and should ideally be imparted by a dietician or a nutritionist. In case of their nonavailability, the onus for lifestyle counseling rests with the physician. The prescription for a low-calorie diet coupled with increased physical activity might seem simple, but the success lies in compliance and sustainability of this advice. Compliance can be enhanced through patient-specific diet and activity plans along with corrections in eating and activity behavior. Barriers in patient's environment must also be addressed to achieve sustainable weight loss. This review covers practical insights in standard lifestyle management techniques, which can help the physicians to set better weight loss goals, adapt to patient specific lifestyle counseling, and apply strategies to enhance compliance for sustained weight loss.
Keywords	caloric restriction ; exercise ; obesity management ; primary care physician ; weight loss ; Special aspects of education ; LC8-6691 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Patients with celiac disease are at high risk of developing metabolic syndrome and fatty liver

Ashish Agarwal / Alka Singh / Wajiha Mehtab / Vipin Gupta / Ashish Chauhan / Mahendra Singh Rajput / Namrata Singh / Vineet Ahuja / Govind K. Makharia

Intestinal Research, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 106-

2021 Volume 114

Abstract: Background/Aims Gluten-free diet has an excess of fats and simple sugars and puts patients with celiac disease at risk of metabolic complications including metabolic syndrome and fatty liver. We assessed prevalence of metabolic syndrome and fatty liver ... ...

Abstract	Background/Aims Gluten-free diet has an excess of fats and simple sugars and puts patients with celiac disease at risk of metabolic complications including metabolic syndrome and fatty liver. We assessed prevalence of metabolic syndrome and fatty liver in two cohorts of celiac disease. Methods Study was done in 2 groups. In group 1, 54 treatment naïve patients with celiac disease were recruited. Of them, 44 returned after 1-year of gluten-free diet and were reassessed. In group 2, 130 celiac disease patients on gluten-free diet for ≥1 year were recruited. All patients were assessed for anthropometric and metabolic parameters and fatty liver. Metabolic syndrome was defined as per consensus definition for Asian Indians. Fatty liver was defined as controlled attenuation parameter value >263 decibels by FibroScan. Results In group 1, of 44 treatment naïve patients with celiac disease, metabolic syndrome was present in 5 patients (11.4%) at baseline and 9 (18.2%) after 1 year of gluten-free diet. Patients having fatty liver increased from 6 patients (14.3%) at baseline to 13 (29.5%) after 1year of gluten-free diet (P=0.002). In group 2, of 130 patients with celiac disease on gluten-free diet for a median duration of 4 years, 30 out of 114 (26.3%) and 30 out of 130 patients (23%) had metabolic syndrome and fatty liver, respectively. Conclusions Patients with celiac disease are at high risk of developing metabolic syndrome and fatty liver, which increases further with gluten-free diet. These patients should be assessed for nutritional and metabolic features and counseled about balanced diet and physical activity regularly.
Keywords	diabetes mellitus ; hyperlipidemia ; body mass index ; obesity ; fatty liver ; Medicine ; R ; Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ; RC799-869
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Isolation of α-amyrin from dichloromethane extract of Spinecia oleracea

Namrata Singh / Mukul Tailang / S. C. Mehta

International Journal of Phytopharmacy, Vol 6, Iss 4, Pp 90-

2016 Volume 96

Abstract: Spinach ( Spinacia oleracea L.) is widely distributed as a functional food due to its diverse nutritional composition, which includes carbohydrates vitamins and minerals, and to its phytochemicals that promote health and basic nutrition. It’s ... ...

Abstract	Spinach ( Spinacia oleracea L.) is widely distributed as a functional food due to its diverse nutritional composition, which includes carbohydrates vitamins and minerals, and to its phytochemicals that promote health and basic nutrition. It’s phytochemicals and bioactives, such as glycolipids, flavonoids, carotinoids and phenolic compounds, impart their health benefits. The biological activities contribute to the anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-obesity, hypoglycemic, anthelmentic and hypolipidemic properties of spinach.
Keywords	Phytochemicals ; flavonoids ; β-carotene ; antioxidant Spinacia oleracea ; Therapeutics. Pharmacology ; RM1-950 ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Scholar Science Journals
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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