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Article ; Online: An Improved Phase-Derived Range Method Based on High-Order Multi-Frame Track-Before-Detect for Warhead Detection

Nannan Zhu / Shiyou Xu / Congduan Li / Jun Hu / Xinlan Fan / Wenzhen Wu / Zengping Chen

Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 29, p

2022 Volume 29

Abstract: It is crucial for a ballistic missile defense system to discriminate the true warhead from decoys. Although a decoy has a similar shape to the warhead, it is believed that the true warhead can be separated by its micro-Doppler features introduced by the ... ...

Abstract	It is crucial for a ballistic missile defense system to discriminate the true warhead from decoys. Although a decoy has a similar shape to the warhead, it is believed that the true warhead can be separated by its micro-Doppler features introduced by the precession and nutation. As is well known, the accuracy of the phase-derived range method, to extract micro-Doppler curves, can reach sub-wavelength. However, it suffers from an inefficiency of energy integration and high computational costs. In this paper, a novel phase-derived range method, using high-order multi-frame track-before-detect is proposed for micro-Doppler curve extraction under a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). First, the sinusoidal micro-Doppler range sequence is treated as the state, and the dynamic model is described as a Markov chain to obtain the envelopes and then the ambiguous phases. Instead of processing the whole frames, the proposed method only processes the latest frame at an arbitrary given time, which reduces the computational costs. Then, the correlation of all pairs of adjacent pulses is calculated along the slow time dimension to find the number of cells that the point scatterer crosses, which can be further used in phase unwrapping. Finally, the phase-derived range method is employed to get the micro-Doppler curves. Simulation results show that the proposed method is capable of extracting the micro-Doppler curves with sub-wavelength accuracy, even if SNR = −15 dB, with a lower computational cost.
Keywords	micro-Doppler ; track-before-detect ; high-order motion model ; phase unwrapping ; phase-derived range ; Science ; Q
Subject code	621
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) versus totally implantable venous-access ports in pediatric oncology patients, a single center study

Hong Zhang / Yumei Li / Nannan Zhu / Yanfang Li / Jinqiu Fu / Jing Liu

Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 7

Abstract: Abstract To compare the efficacy of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) and totally implantable venous-access ports (TIVAPs) for chemotherapy of pediatric patients with malignant tumors. A total of 96 children with malignant tumors who ... ...

Abstract	Abstract To compare the efficacy of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) and totally implantable venous-access ports (TIVAPs) for chemotherapy of pediatric patients with malignant tumors. A total of 96 children with malignant tumors who received catheterization of PICCs or TIVAPs for chemotherapy from May 2020 to May 2021 in Department of Pediatric Oncology of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University were selected. Then, the pathological features of disease, the age of children, the indwelling time, the incidence of postoperative complications, and the satisfaction degree were compared between the two groups. The age of children in the TIVAP group was younger than that in the PICC group (P < 0.05). The indwelling time in the TIVAP group was 7.2 ± 2.757 months,which was significantly longer than 5.65 ± 2.058 months in the PICC group (P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the TIVAP group without systemic or local infection was markedly lower than that in the PICC group (P < 0.05). The satisfaction degree of patients in the TIVAP group without unsatisfied was markedly higher than that in the PICC group (P < 0.05). TIVAPs may be the first choice for chemotherapy of children with malignant tumors.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Micro-Motion Parameter Extraction for Ballistic Missile with Wideband Radar Using Improved Ensemble EMD Method

Nannan Zhu / Jun Hu / Shiyou Xu / Wenzhen Wu / Yunfan Zhang / Zengping Chen

Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 3545, p

2021 Volume 3545

Abstract: Micro-motion parameters extraction is crucial in recognizing ballistic missiles with a wideband radar. It is known that the phase-derived range (PDR) method can provide a sub-wavelength level accuracy. However, it is sensitive and unstable when the ... ...

Abstract	Micro-motion parameters extraction is crucial in recognizing ballistic missiles with a wideband radar. It is known that the phase-derived range (PDR) method can provide a sub-wavelength level accuracy. However, it is sensitive and unstable when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is low. In this paper, an improved PDR method is proposed to reduce the impacts of low SNRs. First, the high range resolution profile (HRRP) is divided into a series of segments so that each segment contains a single scattering point. Then, the peak values of each segment are viewed as non-stationary signals, which are further decomposed into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) with different energy, using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition with the complementary adaptive noise (EEMDCAN) method. In the EEMDCAN decomposition, positive and negative adaptive noise pairs are added to each IMF layer to effectively eliminate the mode-mixing phenomenon that exists in the original empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method. An energy threshold is designed to select proper IMFs to reconstruct the envelop for high estimation accuracy and low noise effects. Finally, the least-square algorithm is used to do the ambiguous phases unwrapping to obtain the micro-curve, which can be further used to estimate the micro-motion parameters of the warhead. Simulation results show that the proposed method performs well with SNR at −5 dB with an accuracy level of sub-wavelength.
Keywords	micro-motion ; Doppler phase ; EEMDCAN ; wideband radar ; phase-derived range ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: EBV latent membrane proteins promote hybrid epithelial-mesenchymal and extreme mesenchymal states of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells for tumorigenicity.

Nannan Zhu / Xiaoting Xu / Yan Wang / Mu-Sheng Zeng / Yan Yuan

PLoS Pathogens, Vol 17, Iss 8, p e

2021 Volume 1009873

Abstract: EBV-encoded LMPs are consistently detected in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recent evidence suggests potential roles of LMP1 and LMP2A in Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in NPC. EMT engages in the generation and maintenance of cancer ...

Abstract	EBV-encoded LMPs are consistently detected in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recent evidence suggests potential roles of LMP1 and LMP2A in Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in NPC. EMT engages in the generation and maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and confers on cancer cells increased tumor-initiating and metastatic potential, and higher resistance to anticancer therapies. However, how LMP1 and LMP2A regulate the EMT process to generate cells with different EMT states and its implications for tumor progression remain unclear. Here we report that LMP1 and LMP2A promote EMT that drives NPC cells from the epithelial-like state (E) (CD104+, CD44low) to epithelial-mesenchymal hybrid (E/M) state (CD104+, CD44high). Furthermore, LMP2A possesses an additional function in stabilizing LMP1 and increasing the level of LMP1 in NPC cells. The elevated LMP1 further forces the EMT to generate extreme-mesenchymal (xM) state cells (CD104-, CD44high). To define the tumorigenic features of cancer stem cells at different states in the EMT spectrum, E, E/M and xM subpopulations were isolated and tested for tumorigenic capability in a tumor xenograft animal model. We found that the cells with E/M phenotypes possess the highest tumor initiating capacity. However, the xM subpopulation exhibits increased vasculogenic mimicry, a hallmark of metastatic cancers. Taken together, coordinated action of LMP1 and LMP2A generates an array of intermediate subpopulations in the EMT spectrum that are responsible for distinct tumorigenic features of NPC such as tumor-initiation, vasculogenesis, and metastasis.
Keywords	Immunologic diseases. Allergy ; RC581-607 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Highly Selective Fluorescent Probe for Hypochlorous Acid in Living Cells Based on a Naphthalene Derivative

Jingguo Sun / Junhong Xu / Qiujuan Ma / Guojiang Mao / Nannan Zhu / Meiju Tian / Linke Li / Shuzhen Liu

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Vol

2022 Volume 2022

Abstract: Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) was crucial for maintaining the homeostasis in cells and plays vital roles in many physiological and pathological processes. In this work, a highly selective fluorescent probe for hypochlorous acid in living cells was constructed ...

Abstract	Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) was crucial for maintaining the homeostasis in cells and plays vital roles in many physiological and pathological processes. In this work, a highly selective fluorescent probe for hypochlorous acid in living cells was constructed and prepared based on a naphthalene derivative. A naphthalene derivative was utilized as the fluorescent group, and N,N-dimethylthiocarbamate was applied as the selective recognition site for HOCl. Before adding HOCl, the fluorescent probe exhibited weak fluorescence. Upon adding HOCl, the fluorescent probe displayed remarkable fluorescence enhancement. The fluorescence intensity at 502 nm showed a linear response to the concentration of HOCl from 3.0 × 10−7 to 1.0 × 10−5 mol·L−1. The detection limit was estimated to be 1.5 × 10−7 mol·L−1 for HOCl. The fluorescent probe showed fast response and outstanding selectivity toward HOCl. It owned good biocompatibility and had also been successfully applied in the confocal imaging of exogenous and endogenous HOCl in living cells.
Keywords	Analytical chemistry ; QD71-142
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Ratiometric Determination of Nitroxyl Utilizing a Novel Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer-Based Fluorescent Probe Based on a Coumarin-Rhodol Derivative

Junhong Xu / Yu Bai / Qiujuan Ma / Jingguo Sun / Meiju Tian / Linke Li / Nannan Zhu / Shuzhen Liu

ACS Omega, Vol 7, Iss 6, Pp 5264-

2022 Volume 5273

Keywords	Chemistry ; QD1-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	American Chemical Society
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Mono-ubiquitylated ORF45 Mediates Association of KSHV Particles with Internal Lipid Rafts for Viral Assembly and Egress.

Xin Wang / Nannan Zhu / Wenwei Li / Fanxiu Zhu / Yan Wang / Yan Yuan

PLoS Pathogens, Vol 11, Iss 12, p e

2015 Volume 1005332

Abstract: Herpesviruses acquire their envelope by budding into the lumen of cytoplasmic membrane vesicles. This process is initiated by component(s) on viral particles, which recognize the budding site where the viral glycoproteins are present and recruit cellular ...

Abstract	Herpesviruses acquire their envelope by budding into the lumen of cytoplasmic membrane vesicles. This process is initiated by component(s) on viral particles, which recognize the budding site where the viral glycoproteins are present and recruit cellular cargo transport and sorting machinery to the site to complete the budding process. Proteins in the tegument layer, connecting capsid and envelope, are candidates for the recognition of budding sites on vesicle membrane and induction of budding and final envelopment. We examined several outer and matrix tegument proteins of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and found that ORF45 associates with lipid rafts (LRs) of cellular membrane. LRs are membrane micro-domains, which have been implicated as relay stations in intracellular signaling and transport including viral entry and virion assembly. The ability of ORF45 to target LR is dependent on the mono-ubiquitylation of ORF45 at Lys297 as the mutation at Lys297 (K297R) abolished LR-association of ORF45. The K297R mutation also impairs ORF45 and viral particle co-localization with trans-Golgi network and endosomes, but facilitates ORF45 and viral particles co-localizing with lysosomes. More importantly, the recombinant KSHV carrying ORF45 K297R mutant (BAC-K297R) was found severely defective in producing mature and infectious virion particles in comparison to wild type KSHV (BAC16). Taken together, our results reveal a new function of KSHV tegument protein ORF45 in targeting LR of host cell membrane, promoting viral particles co-localization with trans-Golgi and endosome vesicles and facilitating the maturation and release of virion particles, suggesting that ORF45 plays a role in bringing KSHV particles to the budding site on cytoplasmic vesicle membrane and triggering the viral budding process for final envelopment and virion maturation.
Keywords	Immunologic diseases. Allergy ; RC581-607 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: NADPH oxidase-2 derived ROS dictates murine DC cytokine-mediated cell fate decisions during CD4 T helper-cell commitment.

Meghan A Jendrysik / Sam Vasilevsky / Liang Yi / Adam Wood / Nannan Zhu / Yongge Zhao / Sherry M Koontz / Sharon H Jackson

PLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 12, p e

2011 Volume 28198

Abstract: NADPH oxidase-2 (Nox2)/gp91(phox) and p47(phox) deficient mice are prone to hyper-inflammatory responses suggesting a paradoxical role for Nox2-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) as anti-inflammatory mediators. The molecular basis for this mode of ... ...

Abstract	NADPH oxidase-2 (Nox2)/gp91(phox) and p47(phox) deficient mice are prone to hyper-inflammatory responses suggesting a paradoxical role for Nox2-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) as anti-inflammatory mediators. The molecular basis for this mode of control remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that IFNγ/LPS matured p47(phox-/-)-ROS deficient mouse dendritic cells (DC) secrete more IL-12p70 than similarly treated wild type DC, and in an in vitro co-culture model IFNγ/LPS matured p47(phox-/-) DC bias more ovalbumin-specific CD4(+) T lymphocytes toward a Th1 phenotype than wild type (WT) DC through a ROS-dependent mechanism linking IL-12p70 expression to regulation of p38-MAPK activation. The Nox2-dependent ROS production in DC negatively regulates proinflammatory IL-12 expression in DC by constraining p38-MAPK activity. Increasing endogenous H(2)O(2) attenuates p38-MAPK activity in IFNγ/LPS stimulated WT and p47(phox-/-) DC, which suggests that endogenous Nox 2-derived ROS functions as a secondary messenger in the activated p38-MAPK signaling pathway during IL-12 expression. These findings indicate that ROS, generated endogenously by innate and adaptive immune cells, can function as important secondary messengers that can regulate cytokine production and immune cell cross-talk to control during the inflammatory response.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Various applications of TALEN- and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homologous recombination to modify the Drosophila genome

Zhongsheng Yu / Hanqing Chen / Jiyong Liu / Hongtao Zhang / Yan Yan / Nannan Zhu / Yawen Guo / Bo Yang / Yan Chang / Fei Dai / Xuehong Liang / Yixu Chen / Yan Shen / Wu-Min Deng / Jianming Chen / Bo Zhang / Changqing Li / Renjie Jiao

Biology Open, Vol 3, Iss 4, Pp 271-

2014 Volume 280

Abstract: Modifying the genomes of many organisms is becoming as easy as manipulating DNA in test tubes, which is made possible by two recently developed techniques based on either the customizable DNA binding protein, TALEN, or the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Here, we ... ...

Abstract	Modifying the genomes of many organisms is becoming as easy as manipulating DNA in test tubes, which is made possible by two recently developed techniques based on either the customizable DNA binding protein, TALEN, or the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Here, we describe a series of efficient applications derived from these two technologies, in combination with various homologous donor DNA plasmids, to manipulate the Drosophila genome: (1) to precisely generate genomic deletions; (2) to make genomic replacement of a DNA fragment at single nucleotide resolution; and (3) to generate precise insertions to tag target proteins for tracing their endogenous expressions. For more convenient genomic manipulations, we established an easy-to-screen platform by knocking in a white marker through homologous recombination. Further, we provided a strategy to remove the unwanted duplications generated during the “ends-in” recombination process. Our results also indicate that TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 had comparable efficiency in mediating genomic modifications through HDR (homology-directed repair); either TALEN or the CRISPR/Cas9 system could efficiently mediate in vivo replacement of DNA fragments of up to 5 kb in Drosophila, providing an ideal genetic tool for functional annotations of the Drosophila genome.
Keywords	Drosophila ; TALEN ; CRISPR/Cas9 ; Homologous recombination ; Targeted genomic modification ; Science ; Q ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	612
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	The Company of Biologists
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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