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  1. Article ; Online: Author Correction

    Takako Masuda / Keisuke Inomura / Naoto Takahata / Takuhei Shiozaki / Yuji Sano / Curtis Deutsch / Ondřej Prášil / Ken Furuya

    Communications Biology, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    Heterogeneous nitrogen fixation rates confer energetic advantage and expanded ecological niche of unicellular diazotroph populations

    2023  Volume 1

    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Older magma at Aso caldera than at Unzen stratovolcano in south west Japan as recorded through helium isotopes

    Yuji Sano / Takanori Kagoshima / Maoliang Zhang / Naoto Takahata / Tetsuji Onoue / Tomo Shibata / Yoshiro Nishio / Ai-Ti Chen / Hyunwoo Lee / Tobias P. Fischer / Dapeng Zhao

    Communications Earth & Environment, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 8

    Abstract: Helium isotopes from groundwater and hot springs at the stratovolcano, Unzen, have a stronger mantle signature than for the nearby caldera volcano, Aso, which suggests that magma at Unzen is younger still supplied with primordial mantle helium. ...

    Abstract Helium isotopes from groundwater and hot springs at the stratovolcano, Unzen, have a stronger mantle signature than for the nearby caldera volcano, Aso, which suggests that magma at Unzen is younger still supplied with primordial mantle helium.
    Keywords Geology ; QE1-996.5 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Seismic Reflection Images of Possible Mantle-Fluid Conduits and Basal Erosion in the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Rupture Area

    Jin-Oh Park / Tetsuro Tsuru / Gou Fujie / Ehsan Jamali Hondori / Takanori Kagoshima / Naoto Takahata / Dapeng Zhao / Yuji Sano

    Frontiers in Earth Science, Vol

    2021  Volume 9

    Abstract: Multi-channel seismic reflection and sub-bottom profiling data reveal landward-dipping normal faults as potential conduits for mantle-derived fluids in the coseismic slip area of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake (Mw9.0). Normal faults below the helium isotope ... ...

    Abstract Multi-channel seismic reflection and sub-bottom profiling data reveal landward-dipping normal faults as potential conduits for mantle-derived fluids in the coseismic slip area of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake (Mw9.0). Normal faults below the helium isotope anomaly sites appear to develop through the forearc crust (i.e., the seafloor sedimentary section and Cretaceous basement) and to evolve to lower dip angles as extension progresses deeper, potentially extending down to the mantle wedge, despite their intermittently continuous reflections. The faults are characterized by high-amplitude, reverse-polarity reflections within the Cretaceous basement. Moreover, deep extension of the faults connecting to a low-velocity region spreading from the Cretaceous basement into the mantle wedge across the forearc Moho suggests that the faults are overpressured by local filling with mantle-derived fluids. The locations of the normal faults are roughly consistent with aftershocks of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, which show normal-faulting focal mechanisms. The 2011 Tohoku mainshock and subsequent aftershocks can lead the pre-existing normal faults to be reactive and more permeable so that locally trapped mantle fluids can migrate up to the seafloor through fault fracture zones. The reactivated normal faults may be an indicator of shallow coseismic slip to the trench. Locally elevated fluid pressures can decrease the effective normal stress for the fault plane, facilitating easier slip along the fault and local tsunami. The landward-dipping normal faults developing from the seafloor down into the Cretaceous basement are predominant in the middle slope region of the forearc. A possible shear zone with high-amplitude, reverse-polarity reflections above the plate interface, which is almost localized to the middle slope region, suggests more intense basal erosion of the overlying plate in that region.
    Keywords fluid migration ; seismic reflection ; normal fault ; shallow coseismic slip ; basal erosion ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Mantle degassing along strike-slip faults in the Southeastern Korean Peninsula

    Hyunwoo Lee / Heejun Kim / Takanori Kagoshima / Jin-Oh Park / Naoto Takahata / Yuji Sano

    Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 9

    Abstract: Abstract On September 12, 2016, a ML 5.8 earthquake hit Gyeongju in the southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula (SeKP), although the area is known to be far from the boundary of the active plate. A number of strike-slip faults are observed in heavily ... ...

    Abstract Abstract On September 12, 2016, a ML 5.8 earthquake hit Gyeongju in the southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula (SeKP), although the area is known to be far from the boundary of the active plate. A number of strike-slip faults are observed in heavily populated city areas (e.g., Busan, Ulsan, Pohang, and Gyeongju). However, dissolved gases related to the active faults have rarely been studied despite many groundwater wells and hot springs in the area. Here we report new results of gas compositions and isotope values of helium and carbon dioxide (CO2) in fault-related fluids in the region. Based on gas geochemistry, the majority of gas samples are abundant in CO2 (up to 99.91 vol.%). Measured 3He/4He ratios range from 0.07 to 5.66 Ra, showing that the mantle contribution is up to 71%. The range of carbon isotope compositions (δ13C) of CO2 is from −8.25 to −24.92‰, showing mantle-derived CO2 is observed coherently where high 3He/4He ratios appear. The weakening of faults seems to be related to enhanced pressures of fluids containing mantle-derived helium and CO2 despite the ductile lower crust underneath the region. Thus, we suggest that the SeKP strike-slip faults penetrate into the mantle through ductile shearing.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: High nitrogen solubility in stishovite (SiO2) under lower mantle conditions

    Ko Fukuyama / Hiroyuki Kagi / Toru Inoue / Sho Kakizawa / Toru Shinmei / Shunichi Hishita / Naoto Takahata / Yuji Sano

    Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 8

    Abstract: Abstract Nitrogen is a crucial volatile element in the early Earth’s evolution and the origin of life. Despite its importance, nitrogen’s behavior in the Earth's interior remains poorly understood. Compared to other volatile elements, nitrogen is ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Nitrogen is a crucial volatile element in the early Earth’s evolution and the origin of life. Despite its importance, nitrogen’s behavior in the Earth's interior remains poorly understood. Compared to other volatile elements, nitrogen is depleted in the Earth’s atmosphere (the so-called “missing nitrogen”), calling for a hidden deep reservoir. To investigate nitrogen’s behavior in the deep Earth including how the reservoir formed, high-pressure and high-temperature experiments were conducted at 28 GPa and 1,400–1,700 °C. To reproduce the conditions in the lower mantle, the redox was controlled using a Fe–FeO buffer. We observed that depending on the temperature conditions, stishovite can incorporate up to 90–404 ppm nitrogen, experimentally demonstrating that stishovite has the highest nitrogen solubility among the deep mantle minerals. Stishovite is the main mineral component of subducted nitrogen-rich sedimentary rocks and eroded continental crust that are eventually transported down to the lower mantle. Our results suggest that nitrogen could have been continuously transported into the lower mantle via subduction, ever since plate tectonics began.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Coseismic changes in groundwater level during the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake

    Tomo Shibata / Ryo Takahashi / Hiroaki Takahashi / Takanori Kagoshima / Naoto Takahata / Yuji Sano / Daniele L. Pinti

    Earth, Planets and Space, Vol 72, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 8

    Abstract: Abstract Six wells were continuously monitored in Hokkaido, northern Japan, to relate groundwater level changes to regional seismic activity. Groundwater level changes following the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake were detected in three of the six ...

    Abstract Abstract Six wells were continuously monitored in Hokkaido, northern Japan, to relate groundwater level changes to regional seismic activity. Groundwater level changes following the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake were detected in three of the six wells, even though they are located hundreds of kilometers from the epicenter. The groundwater level changes are qualitatively consistent with the volumetric strain induced by the earthquake. We analyzed groundwater level responses to the M2 tidal constituent before and after the earthquake, but related changes in amplitude and phase shifts remained within the usual variation. Observed coseismic change was explained by the response to the M2 tidal constituent component and the calculated volumetric strain for one of the wells, where groundwater level decreased. The observed change in the other two was found to be much greater than the corresponding estimates of the volumetric strain.
    Keywords Groundwater level ; Coseismic change ; 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake ; Tidal response ; Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ; G ; Geodesy ; QB275-343 ; Geology ; QE1-996.5
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
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  7. Article ; Online: Distribution of helium-3 plumes and deep-sea circulation in the central Indian Ocean

    Naoto Takahata / Kotaro Shirai / Kazuto Ohmori / Hajime Obata / Toshitaka Gamo / Yuji Sano

    Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Vol 29, Iss 3, Pp 331-

    2018  Volume 340

    Abstract: We report helium isotope data collected in the central Indian Ocean, from the Arabian Sea to the Southern Ocean, during a Japanese GEOTRACES cruise in 2009 - 2010. We found hydrothermal helium-3 plumes and confirmed that 3He/4He ratio anomalies were ... ...

    Abstract We report helium isotope data collected in the central Indian Ocean, from the Arabian Sea to the Southern Ocean, during a Japanese GEOTRACES cruise in 2009 - 2010. We found hydrothermal helium-3 plumes and confirmed that 3He/4He ratio anomalies were almost the same as those observed in WOCE cruises conducted in 1990s, which indicates the hydrothermal activity and abyssal currents have not changed largely for the last few decades. Maximum δ3He value over 14% was observed at mid-depth (2000 - 3000 m) in the northern part (north of 30°S) in the central Indian Ocean, whereas lower δ3He was found in the southern part at the same depth, where δ3He is defined as the percent deviation of the helium isotopic ratio relative to the atmospheric standard. The vertical distribution of δ3He shows a similar trend with dissolved iron and manganese distributions in the hydrothermal plume. Lateral δ3He distribution at mid-depth using our GEOTRACES data together with WOCE data suggest that the helium-3 plume in the central Indian Ocean derived from the Central Indian Ridge around 20°S. It does not flow northward along the ridge but flows eastward as previously reported. The source of the helium-3 plume observed in the region adjacent to the Indian subcontinent might be in the Gulf of Aden as inferred from water properties. The δ3He distribution could reveal clockwise deep-water circulation in the Arabian Sea.
    Keywords Geography (General) ; G1-922 ; Geology ; QE1-996.5
    Subject code 551
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Chinese Geoscience Union
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Mantle-derived helium released through the Japan trench bend-faults

    Jin-Oh Park / Naoto Takahata / Ehsan Jamali Hondori / Asuka Yamaguchi / Takanori Kagoshima / Tetsuro Tsuru / Gou Fujie / Yue Sun / Juichiro Ashi / Makoto Yamano / Yuji Sano

    Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 9

    Abstract: Abstract Plate bending-related normal faults (i.e. bend-faults) develop at the outer trench-slope of the oceanic plate incoming into the subduction zone. Numerous geophysical studies and numerical simulations suggest that bend-faults play a key role by ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Plate bending-related normal faults (i.e. bend-faults) develop at the outer trench-slope of the oceanic plate incoming into the subduction zone. Numerous geophysical studies and numerical simulations suggest that bend-faults play a key role by providing pathways for seawater to flow into the oceanic crust and the upper mantle, thereby promoting hydration of the oceanic plate. However, deep penetration of seawater along bend-faults remains controversial because fluids that have percolated down into the mantle are difficult to detect. This report presents anomalously high helium isotope (3He/4He) ratios in sediment pore water and seismic reflection data which suggest fluid infiltration into the upper mantle and subsequent outflow through bend-faults across the outer slope of the Japan trench. The 3He/4He and 4He/20Ne ratios at sites near-trench bend-faults, which are close to the isotopic ratios of bottom seawater, are almost constant with depth, supporting local seawater inflow. Our findings provide the first reported evidence for a potentially large-scale active hydrothermal circulation system through bend-faults across the Moho (crust-mantle boundary) in and out of the oceanic lithospheric mantle.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Mantle fluids associated with crustal-scale faulting in a continental subduction setting, Taiwan

    Ai-Ti Chen / Chuan-Chou Shen / Timothy B. Byrne / Yuji Sano / Naoto Takahata / Tsanyao Frank Yang / Yunshuen Wang

    Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 7

    Abstract: Abstract We report noble gas signatures of groundwater, hot springs, and bedrock samples from a major fault system that separates regional-scale blocks of accreted, continental materials in southern Taiwan. Despite the continental setting, the isotopic ... ...

    Abstract Abstract We report noble gas signatures of groundwater, hot springs, and bedrock samples from a major fault system that separates regional-scale blocks of accreted, continental materials in southern Taiwan. Despite the continental setting, the isotopic signatures argue for the presence of mantle derived fluids, suggesting that the active fault system is deep-seated. This is consistent with deep, non-volcanic tremors identified in the same area. We speculate that the mantle fluids are escaping along a crustal-scale fault marked by clusters of non-volcanic tremors directly beneath the southern Central Range. The evidence of these tremors and electrical conductivity anomalies along the strike of the fault recognized previously correlated up dip with the surface trace of a major active fault support the hypothesis.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
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  10. Article ; Online: Influence of normal tide and the Great Tsunami as recorded through hourly-resolution micro-analysis of a mussel shell

    Yuji Sano / Tomoyo Okumura / Naoko Murakami-Sugihara / Kentaro Tanaka / Takanori Kagoshima / Akizumi Ishida / Masako Hori / Glen T. Snyder / Naoto Takahata / Kotaro Shirai

    Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 12

    Abstract: Abstract We report here hourly variations of Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, and Ba/Ca ratios in a Mediterranean mussel shell (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected at the Otsuchi bay, on the Pacific coast of northeastern Japan. This bivalve was living in the intertidal ... ...

    Abstract Abstract We report here hourly variations of Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, and Ba/Ca ratios in a Mediterranean mussel shell (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected at the Otsuchi bay, on the Pacific coast of northeastern Japan. This bivalve was living in the intertidal zone, where such organisms are known to form a daily or bidaily growth line comprised of abundant organic matter. Mg/Ca ratios of the inner surface of the outer shell layer, corresponding to the most recent date, show cyclic changes at 25–90 μm intervals, while no interpretable variations are observed in Sr/Ca and Ba/Ca ratios. High Mg/Ca ratios were probably established by (1) cessation of the external supply of Ca and organic layer forming when the shell is closed at low tide, and (2) the strong binding of Mg to the organic layer, but not of Sr and Ba. Immediately following the great tsunami induced by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, Mg/Ca enrichment occurred, up to 10 times that of normal low tide, while apparent Ba/Ca enrichment was observed for only a few days following the event, therefore serving a proxy of the past tsunami. Following the tsunami, periodic peaks and troughs in Mg/Ca continued, perhaps due to a biological memory effect as an endogenous clock.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 551
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
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