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Article ; Online: Environmental Enrichment and Metformin Improve Metabolic Functions, Hippocampal Neuron Survival, and Hippocampal-Dependent Memory in High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Teh Rasyidah Ismail / Christina Gertrude Yap / Rakesh Naidu / Narendra Pamidi

Biology, Vol 12, Iss 480, p

2023 Volume 480

Abstract: Background : The Western-style diet-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) may eventually trigger neurodegeneration and memory impairment. Thus, it is essential to identify effective therapeutic strategies to overcome T2D complications. This study aimed ... ...

Abstract	Background : The Western-style diet-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) may eventually trigger neurodegeneration and memory impairment. Thus, it is essential to identify effective therapeutic strategies to overcome T2D complications. This study aimed to investigate the effects of environmental enrichment (EE) and metformin interventions on metabolic dysfunctions, hippocampal neuronal death, and hippocampal-dependent memory impairments in high-fat/high-sucrose (HFS) diet-induced T2D rats. Methods: Thirty-two male rats (200–250 g) were divided into four groups: C group (standard diet + conventional cage); D group (HFS diet + conventional cage); DE group (HFS diet + EE cage/6hr daily); and DM group (HFS diet + metformin + conventional cage). Body weight was measured every week. T-maze tasks, anthropometric, biochemical, histological, and morphometric parameters were measured. The expression changes of hippocampal genes were also analyzed. Results: The anthropometric and biochemical parameters were improved in DE and DM groups compared with the D group. DE and DM groups had significantly higher T-maze percentages than the D group. These groups also had better histological and morphometric parameters than the D group. The interventions of EE and metformin enhanced the expression of hippocampal genes related to neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity (BDNF/TrkB binding, PI3K-Akt, Ras–MAPK, PLCγ–Ca 2+ , and LTP). Conclusion: Environmental enrichment (EE) and metformin improved metabolic functions, hippocampal neuron survival, and hippocampal-dependent memory in HFS diet-induced T2D rats. The underlying mechanisms of these interventions involved the expression of genes that regulate neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity.
Keywords	type 2 diabetes ; memory impairment ; environmental enrichment ; metformin ; hippocampus ; BDNF-TrkB signaling pathways ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Vertical integration of anatomy and women’s health

Vidya Kushare / Bharti M K / Narendra Pamidi / Lakshmi Selvaratnam / Arkendu Sen / Nisha Angela Dominic

The Asia Pacific Scholar, Vol 8, Iss 2, Pp 89-

Cross campus blended learning

2023 Volume 92

Keywords	Education (General) ; L7-991 ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	National University of Singapore
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Peer mentoring experience on becoming a good doctor

Mohd Syameer Firdaus Mohd Shafiaai / Amudha Kadirvelu / Narendra Pamidi

BMC Medical Education, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-

student perspectives

2020 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Background PASS is a peer-led structured academic mentoring program designed to provide academic assistance for new students in their transition from college to university studies and also for students struggling in certain units. This study ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background PASS is a peer-led structured academic mentoring program designed to provide academic assistance for new students in their transition from college to university studies and also for students struggling in certain units. This study aims to establish acquired skills by peer leaders associated with peer-led mentoring via the PASS program, and to explore the role played by these acquired skills in their journey to become a successful doctor. Methods Study participants were forty selected second-year undergraduate medical students at Monash University Malaysia with commendable examination results. Validated pre-test and post-test questionnaires were administered to explore changes in the level of communication, leadership, professional, and pedagogical skills before and after participation in peer mentoring program. Qualitative analysis of focused group interviews was performed by an independent investigator to identify how the skills developed as a peer mentor may help with becoming a good doctor. Major themes were identified with the thematic-analysis approach. Results Thirty-eight students completed the pre-test and post-test questionnaires. Peer leaders reported improvement in oral and written skills for teaching; increased confidence to give constructive feedback; better stress management; efficient time management; improved interpersonal skills; and enhanced problem-solving and critical thinking capabilities. Eight major themes were identified from the interview and peer leaders reported positive experience of working in diverse environments and shouldering of responsibilities. Conclusions Peer-led mentoring provides a good opportunity for medical students to shoulder responsibilities as a leader and offers an experience of managing a team of their peers and juniors which in turn may enhance their communication, interpersonal, and leadership skills.
Keywords	Peer mentoring ; Peer teaching ; Peer to peer teaching ; Medical student ; Undergraduate ; Cohort study ; Special aspects of education ; LC8-6691 ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	370
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effect of environmental enrichment exposure on neuronal morphology of streptozotocin-induced diabetic and stressed rat hippocampus

Narendra Pamidi / Satheesha Nayak

Biomedical Journal, Vol 37, Iss 4, Pp 225-

2014 Volume 231

Abstract: Background: Environmental enrichment (EE) exposure is known to influence the structural changes in the neuronal network of hippocampus. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of EE exposure on the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Environmental enrichment (EE) exposure is known to influence the structural changes in the neuronal network of hippocampus. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of EE exposure on the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic and stressed rat hippocampus. Methods: Male albino rats of Wistar strain (4-5 weeks old) were grouped into normal control (NC), vehicle control (VC), diabetes (DI), diabetes + stress (DI + S), diabetes + EE (DI + E), and diabetes + stress + EE (DI + S + E) groups (n = 8 in each group). Rats were exposed to stress and EE after inducing diabetes with STZ (40 mg/kg). Rats were sacrificed on Day 30 and brain sections were processed for cresyl violet staining to quantify the number of surviving neurons in the CA1, CA3, and dentate hilus (DH) regions of hippocampus. Results: A significant (p < 0.001) decrease in the number of survived neurons was noticed in DI (CA1, 34.06 ± 3.2; CA3, 36.1 ± 3.62; DH, 9.83 ± 2.02) as well as DI + S (CA1, 14.03 ± 3.12; CA3, 20.27 ± 4.09; DH, 6.4 ± 1.21) group rats compared to NC rats (CA1, 53.64 ± 2.96; CA3, 62.1 ± 3.34; DH, 21.11 ± 1.03). A significant (p < 0.001) increase in the number of survived neurons was observed in DI + E (CA1, 42.3 ± 3.66; CA3, 46.73 ± 4.74; DH, 17.03 ± 2.19) and DI + S + E (CA1, 29.69 ± 4.47; CA3, 36.73 ± 3.89; DH, 12.23 ± 2.36) group rats compared to DI and DI + S groups, respectively. Conclusions: EE exposure significantly reduced the amount of neuronal damage caused by complications of diabetes and stress to the neurons of hippocampus.
Keywords	diabetes ; enrichment ; hippocampus ; neurons ; streptozotocin ; stress ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: VARIATIONS IN THE BRANCHING PATTERN OF THE INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY IN AN ADULT MALE – A CASE REPORT. Variaciones en el patrón de ramificación de la arteria ilíaca interna en un varón adulto

Satheesha Nayak B / Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla / Narendra Pamidi / Raghu Jetti

Revista Argentina de Anatomía Clínica, Vol 4, Iss

informe de un caso

2016 Volume 1

Abstract: Variaciones en el patrón de ramificación de la arteria ilíaca interna son ocasionalmente encontradas en las disecciones cadavéricas y las cirugías. Algunas de las variaciones son de importancia quirúrgica y clínica e ignorarlas podría derivar en ... ...

Abstract	Variaciones en el patrón de ramificación de la arteria ilíaca interna son ocasionalmente encontradas en las disecciones cadavéricas y las cirugías. Algunas de las variaciones son de importancia quirúrgica y clínica e ignorarlas podría derivar en alarmantes sangrados durante las prácticas quirúrgicas. Evaluamos las variantes en el patrón de la arteria ilíaca interna en un cadáver masculino. La división de la arteria ilíaca interna dio origen a las arterias rectal media y obturatriz. La arteria vesical superior tenía su origen en la arteria obturatriz. La división posterior de la arteria ilíaca interna dio lugar a las arterias iliolumbar, sacra lateral, glútea superior y pudenda interna. La arteria glútea inferior estaba ausente. Variations in the branching pattern of the internal iliac artery are occasionally encountered during cadaveric dissections and surgeries. Some of the variations are of surgical and clinical importance and ignoring them might result in alarming bleeding during surgical procedures. We report variant branching pattern of the right internal iliac artery in a male cadaveric specimen. The anterior division of the internal iliac artery gave origin to obturator and middle rectal arteries. Superior vesical artery took its origin from the obturator artery. The posterior division of the internal iliac artery gave iliolumbar, lateral sacral, superior gluteal and internal pudendal arteries. The inferior gluteal artery was absent.
Keywords	Internal iliac artery ; pelvic vessels ; inferior gluteal artery ; obturator artery ; superior vesical artery ; Arteria ilíaca interna ; Medicine ; R ; Pathology ; RB1-214
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Asociación Argentina de Anatomía Clínica
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: VARIANT POSITION OF THE GALLBLADDER ASSOCIATED WITH ABNORMAL PERITONEAL FOLD AROUND IT. Variantes en la posición de la vesícula biliar asociada con un pliegue peritoneal anormal a su alrededor

Narendra Pamidi / Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla / Satheesha Nayak B / Raghu Jetti

Revista Argentina de Anatomía Clínica, Vol 4, Iss

2016 Volume 2

Abstract: Los pliegues peritoneales anómalos alrededor de la vesícula biliar son muy raros y pocos fueron reportados en el pasado. La presencia de tales pliegues peritoneales son probablemente debidos a la extensión del mesenterio ventral que forma el omento menor. ...

Abstract	Los pliegues peritoneales anómalos alrededor de la vesícula biliar son muy raros y pocos fueron reportados en el pasado. La presencia de tales pliegues peritoneales son probablemente debidos a la extensión del mesenterio ventral que forma el omento menor. En el caso presente, reportamos un pliegue peritoneal anómalo suspendiendo la vesícula biliar desde la superficie inferior del hígado, a lo largo de la margen izquierda de la fosa para la vesícula biliar. Este pliegue, cuando se trazó cuidadosamente, se continuaba con el colon transverso, mesocolon transverso y también se encontró fusionado con la segunda porción del duodeno. La vesícula biliar con inusuales pliegues peritoneales tiene tendencia a vólvulo, una rara enfermedad que exige la intervención quirúrgica inmediata. El conocimiento de la posibilidad de tal anomalía peritoneal alrededor de la vesícula biliar facilita la interpretación de los hallazgos de la imagen para el diagnostico apropiado. Anomalous peritoneal folds around the gallbladder are very rare and a few were reported in the past. The presence of such peritoneal folds is probably due to extension of the ventral mesentery which forms the lesser omentum. In the present case we report anomalous peritoneal fold suspending the gall bladder from the undersurface of the liver, along the left margin of the fossa for gallbladder. This fold, when traced carefully, became continuous with transverse colon, transverse mesocolon and also found to be merged with the second part of duodenum. The gallbladder with unusual peritoneal folds has a tendency to volvulus, a rare surgical disease which demands the immediate surgical intervention. Awareness of the possibility of such peritoneal anomaly around gallbladder facilitates the interpretation of image findings for proper diagnosis.
Keywords	Gallbladder ; peritoneal fold ; volvulus ; ventral mesentry ; transverse colon ; transverse mesocolon ; Medicine ; R ; Pathology ; RB1-214
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Asociación Argentina de Anatomía Clínica
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: ROLE OF GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA ROOT EXTRACT IN DENDRITIC ARBORIZATION AND DENDRITIC INTERSECTIONS OF HIPPOCAMPAL CA1 NEURONS IN 3-MONTHS OLD RATS

Kosuri Kalyan Chakravarthi / Ramakrishna Avadhani / Narendra Pamidi

International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Vol 4, Iss 3, Pp 299-

2013 Volume 306

Abstract: The hippocampus is located bilaterally in the medial temporal lobe; within the hippocampus the flow of information is unidirectional. Repeated psychological stress, aging and dementia may leads to the dendritic atrophy in CA1 pyramidal neurons of ... ...

Abstract	The hippocampus is located bilaterally in the medial temporal lobe; within the hippocampus the flow of information is unidirectional. Repeated psychological stress, aging and dementia may leads to the dendritic atrophy in CA1 pyramidal neurons of hippocampus. Accordingly, the present study was designed to investigate the role of aqueous root extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra (Gg) treatment on the dendritic arborization and dendritic intersections of hippocampal CA1 neurons in 3 months old male Wistar albino rats. The aqueous root extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra was administered orally in four different doses (75, 150, 225 and 300 mg/kg) for 2, 4 and 6 weeks duration, respectively. At the end of the spatial memory tests, the rats were sacrificed by deeply anesthetized Pentobarbitone, their brains were removed rapidly and Hippocampal CA1 region studied through Rapid Golgi staining. Hippocampal CA1 neurons were traced using camera lucida, and Quantification of dendritic branching points and dendritic intersections were quantified by using concentric circle method of Sholl. All the doses of aqueous root extract of Gg for 6 weeks showed significantly enhanced dendritic arborization and dendritic intersections however in the dose of 150 and 225 mg/kg/p.o showed a significant (p<0.01) enhancement of dendritic arborization and dendritic intersections along the length of both apical and basal dendrites in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons is comparable to control. However, the rats treated for 2 and 4 weeks did not show any significant change in hippocampal CA1 neuronal dendritic arborization. Thus the constituents present in aqueous root extract of Gg may stimulate the release of neuromodulators or neuronal dendritic growth stimulating factors that alter the activity of neurotransmitters that are involved in learning and memory, which thereby may be useful in management of impaired learning, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.
Keywords	Alzheimer’s disease ; dendritic arborization ; dendritic intersections ; Glycyrrhiza glabra ; CA1 neurons. ; Therapeutics. Pharmacology ; RM1-950 ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Unusual Morphology of the Anterior Arch of Atlas

Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagndla / Narendra Pamidi / Satheesha B Nayak / Mohandas Rao KG / Ramesh Rao T

Online Journal of Health & Allied Sciences, Vol 15, Iss

2016 Volume 3

Abstract: Anomalies of anterior arch of atlas vertebra are seldom reported in the literature. Presence of inferior accessory ossicle is one of the reported anomalies of the anterior arch of atlas. In the present case, we report a rare case of unusual morphology of ...

Abstract	Anomalies of anterior arch of atlas vertebra are seldom reported in the literature. Presence of inferior accessory ossicle is one of the reported anomalies of the anterior arch of atlas. In the present case, we report a rare case of unusual morphology of the atlas vertebra. It was observed in one of the bones macerated locally for the teaching purpose. There were two wide accessory bony laminae extending from the middle three fourth of the superior and inferior aspect of the anterior arch proper. Each bony lamina was measured 4 cm x 0.3 mm. Further, there were small foramina along the attached border of the each bony lamina. Anterior tubercle was situated at the lower edge of the anterior arch proper. Accessory bony lamina may interfere with rotatory movements of the atlas and may lead to degenerative changes of the dense. Reporting of unusual morphology of anterior arch of atlas vertebra is clinically important during diagnostic procedures of neck pain. Sometimes this extra growth of the anterior arch may be mistaken for the pathologic mass.
Keywords	Accessory bony lamina ; anterior arch ; atlas ; neck pain ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Light House Polyclinic Mangalore
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Superficial Ulnar Artery Associated with Anomalous Origin of the Common Interosseous and Ulnar Recurrent Arteries

Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla / Narendra Pamidi / Satheesha B Nayak / Raghu Jetti / Rajesh Thangarajan

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol 10, Iss 5, Pp AD01-AD

2016 Volume 02

Abstract: Occurrence of vascular variations in the upper limb is not uncommon and is well described in the medical literature. However, occurrence of superficial ulnar artery associated with unusual origin of the common interosseous and ulnar recurrent arteries is ...

Abstract	Occurrence of vascular variations in the upper limb is not uncommon and is well described in the medical literature. However, occurrence of superficial ulnar artery associated with unusual origin of the common interosseous and ulnar recurrent arteries is seldom reported in the literature. In the present case, we report the anomalous origin of common trunk of common interosseous, anterior and posterior ulnar recurrent arteries from the radial artery, in a male cadaver. Further, ulnar artery had presented superficial course. Knowledge of anomalous arterial pattern in the cubital fossa reported here is clinically important during the angiographic procedures and plastic surgeries.
Keywords	angiographic procedure ; common interosseous artery ; superficial ulnar artery ; variation ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Strange Case of Double Annular Pancreas

Satheesha Nayak / Narendra Pamidi / Bincy M George / Anitha Guru

JOP Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 96-

2013 Volume 98

Abstract: Context The pancreas is a soft lobulated gland situated transversely across the upper part of the posterior abdominal wall. Its parts include the head, neck, body and tail. Annular pancreas is a rare condition where the head of the pancreas surrounds the ...

Abstract	Context The pancreas is a soft lobulated gland situated transversely across the upper part of the posterior abdominal wall. Its parts include the head, neck, body and tail. Annular pancreas is a rare condition where the head of the pancreas surrounds the second part of the duodenum like a ring. Case report We observed a rare type of double annular pancreas where the uncinate process encircled the third part of the duodenum. A process from the head of the pancreas encircled the junction between the first and second parts of the duodenum incompletely. There was a large artery running along the anterior border of the pancreas. The artery took origin from the superior mesenteric artery. Conclusion This case may be of interest to gastroenterologists and surgeons.
Keywords	Annular pancreas ; Duodenum ; Mesenteric Artery ; Superior ; Pancreas ; Medicine ; R ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Specialties of internal medicine ; RC581-951 ; Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ; RC799-869
Publishing date	2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	E S Burioni Ricerche Bibliografiche
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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