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Article ; Online: Bacteriophage therapy of human-restricted Salmonella species-a study in a surrogate bacterial and animal model.

Yadav, V B / Nath, G

2022 Volume 75, Issue 2, Page(s) 422–430

Abstract: Salmonella Typhi has been an important human-restricted pathogen from time immemorial, and unfortunately, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics has induced the emergence of multidrug resistance in S. Typhi. Bacteriophage therapy may be a possible ... ...

Abstract	Salmonella Typhi has been an important human-restricted pathogen from time immemorial, and unfortunately, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics has induced the emergence of multidrug resistance in S. Typhi. Bacteriophage therapy may be a possible alternative in countering antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, this study was planned to assess the efficacy of bacteriophages in treating acute and chronic S. Typhimurium infection in the mouse as a surrogate model. We isolated bacteriophages against S. Typhimurium and selected three different bacteriophages for the in vivo experiments. The lethal dose of S. Typhimurium was decided for Swiss albino mice, and acute infection was developed. Further, bacteriophage therapy by daily intraperitoneal injection of phage cocktail was given for 14 days. While the chronic carrier state of S. Typhimurium in Swiss albino mice was developed by inoculating intraperitoneally sequential 10-fold increasing doses of the bacterium. On the successful establishment of carrier state, oral feeding of phage cocktail at a high count was given, which completely cured the carrier state within 7 days of feeding. These experiments confirmed that the phage cocktail could eradicate the S. Typhimurium from the mice in both types of infections, that is acute and chronic.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bacteriophages ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Mice ; Phage Therapy ; Salmonella Infections, Animal/microbiology ; Salmonella typhi ; Salmonella typhimurium
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632584-1
ISSN	1472-765X ; 0266-8254
ISSN (online)	1472-765X
ISSN	0266-8254
DOI	10.1111/lam.13744
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Article ; Online: Effect of Interfacial Roughness on Mechanical and Thermo-Acoustic Behavior of Corn Husk Fiber

Singh, Priyanka P. / Nath, G.

Journal of Natural Fibers. 2023 Apr. 24, v. 20, no. 1 p.2134259-

2023

Abstract: The designing of acoustic material with high efficiency absorption is cutting edge research for acoustician as well as architectures’ in the acoustic industries attracts the material scientist due to its numerous significant characteristic properties. ... ...

Abstract	The designing of acoustic material with high efficiency absorption is cutting edge research for acoustician as well as architectures’ in the acoustic industries attracts the material scientist due to its numerous significant characteristic properties. Nondestructive technique such as ultrasonic processing is employed for surface modification of corn husk which changes the interfacial as well as skeletal arrangement in interlocking of fibers with polymer chain. Tensile strength of single corn husk fiber before and after surface treatment was observed to be increasing from 332.57 MPa to 345.16 MPa, which confirms the strong fibrillation due to surface treatment. Further the hardness of the fabricated corn husk composite was found to be 23HV as observed in three different places. Thermal conductivity of the samples increases with temperature supporting the validation of the sample for acoustic application. The high sound absorption performance of the composite classified the material as Class-A type with 0.94 absorption coefficient supported by the different characterization and surface analysis of the composite.
Keywords	absorbance ; absorption ; acoustics ; corn husks ; hardness ; polymers ; roughness ; scientists ; temperature ; tensile strength ; thermal conductivity ; ultrasonics ; Epoxy polymer ; interface ; acoustic ; fiber surface treatment ; mechanical properties
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0424
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2182715-1
ISSN	1544-046X ; 1544-0478
ISSN (online)	1544-046X
ISSN	1544-0478
DOI	10.1080/15440478.2022.2134259
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Article: Artificial intelligence and anesthesia: A narrative review.

Singh, Madhavi / Nath, Gita

Saudi journal of anaesthesia

2022 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 86–93

Abstract: Rapid advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have led to diagnostic, therapeutic, and intervention-based applications in the field of medicine. Today, there is a deep chasm between AI-based research articles and their translation to clinical anesthesia, ...

Abstract	Rapid advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have led to diagnostic, therapeutic, and intervention-based applications in the field of medicine. Today, there is a deep chasm between AI-based research articles and their translation to clinical anesthesia, which needs to be addressed. Machine learning (ML), the most widely applied arm of AI in medicine, confers the ability to analyze large volumes of data, find associations, and predict outcomes with ongoing learning by the computer. It involves algorithm creation, testing and analyses with the ability to perform cognitive functions including association between variables, pattern recognition, and prediction of outcomes. AI-supported closed loops have been designed for pharmacological maintenance of anesthesia and hemodynamic management. Mechanical robots can perform dexterity and skill-based tasks such as intubation and regional blocks with precision, whereas clinical-decision support systems in crisis situations may augment the role of the clinician. The possibilities are boundless, yet widespread adoption of AI is still far from the ground reality. Patient-related "Big Data" collection, validation, transfer, and testing are under ethical scrutiny. For this narrative review, we conducted a PubMed search in 2020-21 and retrieved articles related to AI and anesthesia. After careful consideration of the content, we prepared the review to highlight the growing importance of AI in anesthesia. Awareness and understanding of the basics of AI are the first steps to be undertaken by clinicians. In this narrative review, we have discussed salient features of ongoing AI research related to anesthesia and perioperative care.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-04
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2562174-9
ISSN	0975-3125 ; 1658-354X
ISSN (online)	0975-3125
ISSN	1658-354X
DOI	10.4103/sja.sja_669_21
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Article: Effect of two barrier devices on the time taken and ease of intubation of a paediatric intubation manikin - A randomised cross-over simulation study.

Kamabathula, Sailaja / Nath, Gita

Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology

2022 Volume 38, Issue 4, Page(s) 605–609

Abstract: Background and aims: During the present COVID-19 pandemic, several inventions have been employed to protect personnel involved in intubation from inhalational exposure to the virus. In this study, we compared the effect of two barrier devices, ... ...

Abstract	Background and aims: During the present COVID-19 pandemic, several inventions have been employed to protect personnel involved in intubation from inhalational exposure to the virus. In this study, we compared the effect of two barrier devices, Intubation Box versus Plastic Drape, on the time taken and difficulty in intubating a pediatric manikin. Material and methods: Nineteen experienced anesthesiologists performed six different intubations: without barrier, with intubation box, with plastic drape; with and without a bougie, using the Latin Square Design for randomizing order of intubations. The time taken for intubation (TTI) was compared using Student's Results: Both barrier devices increased the TTI from 14.8 (3.5) s to 19.8 (6.8) s with intubation box ( Conclusion: Both the intubation box and plastic drape increased the time taken as well as difficulty in intubation. The extra protection afforded should be balanced against risks of hypoxia in the patient.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-21
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1401760-x
ISSN	0970-9185
ISSN	0970-9185
DOI	10.4103/joacp.JOACP_677_20
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Article ; Online: Fabrication and analysis of luffa natural fiber based acoustic shielding material for noise reduction

Singh, P. P. / Nath, G

Journal of Natural Fibers. 2022 Nov. 23, v. 19, no. 15 p.11218-11234

2022

Abstract: High persistence of different types of noises in the environment is a challenging problem nowadays. Many natural fiber composite works have been introduced in this line to execute the efficiency with their own compositional properties to some extent. ... ...

Abstract	High persistence of different types of noises in the environment is a challenging problem nowadays. Many natural fiber composite works have been introduced in this line to execute the efficiency with their own compositional properties to some extent. Luffa cylindrical fiber reinforced epoxy composite has significantly enriched this noise reduction property due to its unique and complex networking structure between each of its single fiber. When a number of multilayered luffa cylindrical fibers are reinforced with a high sensitive polymer matrix like epoxy, their structural configuration modifies to that extent where the composite can function as an effective shielding material for propagation of sound through them. Although the treatment of raw fiber with alcohol blended tartaric acid and alkalization enhances the mechanical strength, alkalization treatment decreases the sound absorption coefficient, which is found to be increased significantly with that of alcohol blended chemicals. The scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy characterizations of both untreated and treated luffa fibers confirm the surface modification, which enables the composites to be a good acoustic material. Furthermore, thermal and electrical insulation properties are well confirmed and support the attenuation of sound propagation through the material, which decreases the thermal and electrical conductivity of the composites.
Keywords	Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Luffa ; absorbance ; acoustics ; alcohols ; alkalinization ; electrical conductivity ; electron microscopy ; epoxides ; insulating materials ; polymers ; strength (mechanics) ; tartaric acid ; Sound absorption coefficient ; surfactants ; blended solutions ; surface modification ; ultrasonic treatment ; natural fiber
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1123
Size	p. 11218-11234.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2182715-1
ISSN	1544-046X ; 1544-0478
ISSN (online)	1544-046X
ISSN	1544-0478
DOI	10.1080/15440478.2021.2022559
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Article: Bacteriophage therapy of human‐restricted Salmonella species—a study in a surrogate bacterial and animal model

Yadav, V.B. / Nath, G.

Letters in applied microbiology. 2022 Aug., v. 75, no. 2

2022

Abstract: Salmonella Typhi has been an important human‐restricted pathogen from time immemorial, and unfortunately, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics has induced the emergence of multidrug resistance in S. Typhi. Bacteriophage therapy may be a possible ... ...

Abstract	Salmonella Typhi has been an important human‐restricted pathogen from time immemorial, and unfortunately, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics has induced the emergence of multidrug resistance in S. Typhi. Bacteriophage therapy may be a possible alternative in countering antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, this study was planned to assess the efficacy of bacteriophages in treating acute and chronic S. Typhimurium infection in the mouse as a surrogate model. We isolated bacteriophages against S. Typhimurium and selected three different bacteriophages for the in vivo experiments. The lethal dose of S. Typhimurium was decided for Swiss albino mice, and acute infection was developed. Further, bacteriophage therapy by daily intraperitoneal injection of phage cocktail was given for 14 days. While the chronic carrier state of S. Typhimurium in Swiss albino mice was developed by inoculating intraperitoneally sequential 10‐fold increasing doses of the bacterium. On the successful establishment of carrier state, oral feeding of phage cocktail at a high count was given, which completely cured the carrier state within 7 days of feeding. These experiments confirmed that the phage cocktail could eradicate the S. Typhimurium from the mice in both types of infections, that is acute and chronic.
Keywords	Salmonella Typhi ; albino ; animal models ; antibiotic resistance ; bacteria ; bacteriophages ; carrier state ; intraperitoneal injection ; lethal dose ; mice ; multiple drug resistance ; pathogens ; therapeutics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-08
Size	p. 422-430.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	632584-1
ISSN	1472-765X ; 0266-8254
ISSN (online)	1472-765X
ISSN	0266-8254
DOI	10.1111/lam.13744
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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Article: Ultrasonic Processing and Thermo-acoustic Analysis of Orange Peel Waste as Smart Acoustic Material: Waste and Biomass Valorization

Singh, Priyanka P. / Nath, G.

Waste and biomass valorization. 2022 June, v. 13, no. 6

2022

Abstract: A non-destructive technique like ultrasonication has played crucial role in fabrication of effective graded acoustic material from lignocellulosic waste material. The peculiar structural configurations inside the orange peel have attracted the researcher ...

Abstract	A non-destructive technique like ultrasonication has played crucial role in fabrication of effective graded acoustic material from lignocellulosic waste material. The peculiar structural configurations inside the orange peel have attracted the researcher to fabricate green acoustic material as well as many technological products.The noise reduction property of orange peel fibres of different particle size has been improved considerably after ultrasonically mercerization of NaOH. Advanced characterization and measurement was performed to execute the orange peel as an advanced acoustic material with sound absorption coefficient 0.886 which is a Class-B noise absorber. The TGA and DSC analysis was performed with biodegradability 66.2% which is quite favourable from the environmental point of view. The data recorded from DSC analysis indicates the high resistance of temperature up to 371.51 °C. Thermal conductivity of the fabricated orange peel composite was measured by thermal analyzer with TS-3 sensor of accuracy ± 10%. The linear regression analysis of thermal conductivity and sound absorption coefficient are supporting experimental value making coefficient of correlation (R²) close to unit. The result confirms that ultrasonic treated composite has potential to absorb 88.6% of sound classifying it a Class-B noise absorber.
Keywords	absorbance ; acoustics ; biodegradability ; biomass ; lignocellulosic wastes ; mercerization ; nondestructive methods ; orange peels ; particle size ; regression analysis ; researchers ; temperature ; thermal conductivity ; ultrasonic treatment ; ultrasonics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-06
Size	p. 2905-2916.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2541900-6
ISSN	1877-265X ; 1877-2641
ISSN (online)	1877-265X
ISSN	1877-2641
DOI	10.1007/s12649-022-01699-9
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Article: Bacteriophages Can Make a Difference in Water Quality: Evidence From a Community-Based Study From North India.

Srivastava, Prerna / Mishra, C P / Nath, Gopal

Cureus

2022 Volume 14, Issue 8, Page(s) e27551

Abstract: Background and objectives Diarrhoea is a preventable and treatable faecal-oral disease. Despite significant inputs from the health and non-health sector in the treatment and prevention of diarrhoea, it remains a significant contributor to under-five- ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives Diarrhoea is a preventable and treatable faecal-oral disease. Despite significant inputs from the health and non-health sector in the treatment and prevention of diarrhoea, it remains a significant contributor to under-five-years children mortality and exerts profound effects on their growth and development. Bacteriophage has the potential to prevent diarrhoea. Bacteriophage status may influence the extent of diarrhoea. The objectives of the study were a) to assess the bacteriophage status and quality of water based on the Most Probable Number (MPN) count in the drinking water of under-five years children, and b) to find the association of the extent of diarrhoea with the bacteriophage status and quality of drinking water of under-five-years children in rural areas of Varanasi. Methods This is a community-based cross-sectional study done in the Chiraigaon community development block in a rural area of Varanasi. Water samples were collected and analysed in the Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. Results The result of the study was that bacteriophage is present in 118 samples of water, whereas bacteriophage for
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.27551
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Article ; Online: Exploring Properties of Short Randomly Oriented Rattan Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite for Automotive Application

Behera, Susanta / Mohanty, J.R. / Nath, G. / Mahanta, Tapan K.

Journal of Natural Fibers. 2023 Apr. 24, v. 20, no. 1 p.2163024-

2023

Abstract: The acrylic acid treated rattan fiber reinforced epoxy (RF/Epoxy) composite has been fabricated by taking various weight percentages (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt%) of fibers using hand layup followed by compression molding technique. The optimum fiber ... ...

Abstract	The acrylic acid treated rattan fiber reinforced epoxy (RF/Epoxy) composite has been fabricated by taking various weight percentages (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt%) of fibers using hand layup followed by compression molding technique. The optimum fiber loading has been determined by regression analysis and it is found that 18 wt% of rattan fiber gives maximum tensile strength. The interaction of rattan fiber with epoxy matrix has been studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) has been used to study the morphology of chemically modified rattan fiber and RF/Epoxy composite. The mechanical, thermal, and dynamic mechanical thermal properties of 18 wt% RF/Epoxy composite have been studied as per ASTM standards. From the results, it is observed that RF/Epoxy composite gives best properties at optimum (18 wt%) fiber loading. The maximum tensile strength and flexural strength of the composite are found to be 47.5 and 121 MPa, respectively, which is better in comparison to other natural fiber composites used for manufacturing different automobile body parts. Hence, it can be concluded that 18 wt% RF/Epoxy composite can be considered as a potential candidate for automotive body parts.
Keywords	Calamus ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; X-ray diffraction ; acrylic acid ; automobiles ; epoxides ; modulus of rupture ; regression analysis ; tensile strength ; Rattan fiber ; mechanical properties ; thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) ; fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) ; X-ray diffraction (XRD) ; scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0424
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2182715-1
ISSN	1544-046X ; 1544-0478
ISSN (online)	1544-046X
ISSN	1544-0478
DOI	10.1080/15440478.2022.2163024
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Article: Flow behind an exponential shock wave in a rotational axisymmetric perfect gas with magnetic field and variable density.

Nath, G / Sahu, P K

SpringerPlus

2016 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 1509

Abstract: A self-similar model for one-dimensional unsteady isothermal and adiabatic flows behind a strong exponential shock wave driven out by a cylindrical piston moving with time according to an exponential law in an ideal gas in the presence of azimuthal ... ...

Abstract	A self-similar model for one-dimensional unsteady isothermal and adiabatic flows behind a strong exponential shock wave driven out by a cylindrical piston moving with time according to an exponential law in an ideal gas in the presence of azimuthal magnetic field and variable density is discussed in a rotating atmosphere. The ambient medium is assumed to possess radial, axial and azimuthal component of fluid velocities. The initial density, the fluid velocities and magnetic field of the ambient medium are assumed to be varying with time according to an exponential law. The gas is taken to be non-viscous having infinite electrical conductivity. Solutions are obtained, in both the cases, when the flow between the shock and the piston is isothermal or adiabatic by taking into account the components of vorticity vector. The effects of the variation of the initial density index, adiabatic exponent of the gas and the Alfven-Mach number on the flow-field behind the shock wave are investigated. It is found that the presence of the magnetic field have decaying effects on the shock wave. Also, it is observed that the effect of an increase in the magnetic field strength is more impressive in the case of adiabatic flow than in the case of isothermal flow. The assumption of zero temperature gradient brings a profound change in the density, non-dimensional azimuthal and axial components of vorticity vector distributions in comparison to those in the case of adiabatic flow. A comparison is made between isothermal and adiabatic flows. It is obtained that an increase in the initial density variation index, adiabatic exponent and strength of the magnetic field decrease the shock strength.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-09-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2661116-8
ISSN	2193-1801
ISSN	2193-1801
DOI	10.1186/s40064-016-3119-z
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