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  1. Article ; Online: Pervasive structural racism in environmental epidemiology

    Melissa J. Perry / Suzanne Arrington / Marlaina S. Freisthler / Ifeoma N. Ibe / Nathan L. McCray / Laura M. Neumann / Patrick Tajanlangit / Brenda M. Trejo Rosas

    Environmental Health, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 13

    Abstract: Abstract Background Epistemological biases in environmental epidemiology prevent the full understanding of how racism’s societal impacts directly influence health outcomes. With the ability to focus on “place” and the totality of environmental exposures, ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Epistemological biases in environmental epidemiology prevent the full understanding of how racism’s societal impacts directly influence health outcomes. With the ability to focus on “place” and the totality of environmental exposures, environmental epidemiologists have an important opportunity to advance the field by proactively investigating the structural racist forces that drive disparities in health. Objective This commentary illustrates how environmental epidemiology has ignored racism for too long. Some examples from environmental health and male infertility are used to illustrate how failing to address racism neglects the health of entire populations. Discussion While research on environmental justice has attended to the structural sources of environmental racism, this work has not been fully integrated into the mainstream of environmental epidemiology. Epidemiology’s dominant paradigm that reduces race to a mere data point avoids the social dimensions of health and thus fails to improve population health for all. Failing to include populations who are Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) in health research means researchers actually know very little about the effect of environmental contaminants on a range of population health outcomes. This commentary offers different practical solutions, such as naming racism in research, including BIPOC in leadership positions, mandating requirements for discussing “race”, conducting far more holistic analyses, increasing community participation in research, and improving racism training, to address the myriad of ways in which structural racism permeates environmental epidemiology questions, methods, results and impacts.
    Keywords Environmental health ; Environmental epidemiology ; Environmental justice ; Racism ; Structural racism ; Male reproductive health ; Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene ; RC963-969 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: The Association Between Race, Obesity, and Sperm Quality Among Men Attending a University Physician Practice in Washington, DC

    Nathan L. McCray / Heather A. Young / Michael S. Irwig / David Frankfurter / Arnold M. Schwartz / Jeannine Witmyer / Marijane Hynes / Vimala V. Jayanthi / Mia Marcus / Mihir Patel / Melissa J. Perry

    American Journal of Men's Health, Vol

    2020  Volume 14

    Abstract: A decades-long decline in sperm counts in Western countries has coincided with an increase in obesity rates, prompting study into their association. Few of these studies have incorporated men of color, the sperm health of whom is relatively unknown. The ... ...

    Abstract A decades-long decline in sperm counts in Western countries has coincided with an increase in obesity rates, prompting study into their association. Few of these studies have incorporated men of color, the sperm health of whom is relatively unknown. The present exploratory study evaluated the association between body mass index (BMI), race, ethnicity, and sperm parameters among a diverse sample of U.S. men attending a Washington, DC physician practice. Semen samples were collected and processed at a single laboratory and sperm concentration, motility, morphology, and count were evaluated according to World Health Organization (WHO) 5th edition criteria. Multivariate models accounted for covariates related to sperm health. The study population ( n = 128) was largely obese (45.3%) or overweight (34.4%), and 36.0% were black or Hispanic. Black men had lower adjusted sperm concentration compared to white men (75.0 million/mL to 107.4 million/mL, p = .01) and were more likely to have oligozoospermia ( p = .01), asthenozoospermia ( p = .004), and low sperm count ( p < .0001). Hispanic men had higher adjusted sperm concentration compared to non-Hispanic men (124.5 million/mL to 62.1 million/mL, p = .007) and were less likely to have teratozoospermia ( p = .001). Obesity and BMI were associated with lower sperm motility and count in crude models only. Given the study’s sample size its findings should be interpreted with caution but align with the limited epidemiological literature to date that has evaluated racial and ethnic differences in semen quality. Heightened clinical research attention is needed to ensure men of color are included in representative numbers in studies of urologic and andrologic health.
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SAGE Publishing
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Dysuria, heat stress, and muscle injury among Nicaraguan sugarcane workers at risk for Mesoamerican nephropathy

    Tiffany L Stallings / Alejandro Riefkohl Lisci / Nathan L McCray / Daniel E Weiner / James S Kaufman / Ann Aschengrau / Yan Ma / Michael P LaValley / Oriana Ramírez-Rubio / Juan Jose Amador / Damaris López-Pilarte / Rebecca L Laws / Michael Winter / V Eloesa McSorley / Daniel R Brooks / Katie M Applebaum

    Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, Vol 47, Iss 5, Pp 377-

    2021  Volume 386

    Abstract: OBJECTIVES: Nicaraguan sugarcane workers, particularly cane cutters, have an elevated prevalence of chronic kidney disease of unknown origin, also referred to as Mesoamerican nephropathy (MeN). The pathogenesis of MeN may include recurrent heat stress, ... ...

    Abstract OBJECTIVES: Nicaraguan sugarcane workers, particularly cane cutters, have an elevated prevalence of chronic kidney disease of unknown origin, also referred to as Mesoamerican nephropathy (MeN). The pathogenesis of MeN may include recurrent heat stress, crystalluria, and muscle injury with subsequent kidney injury. Yet, studies examining the frequency of such events in long-term, longitudinal studies are limited. METHODS: Using employment and medical data for male workers at a Nicaraguan sugarcane company, we classified months of active work as either work as a cane cutter or other sugarcane job and determined occurrence of dysuria, heat events and muscle events. Work months and events occurred January 1997 to June 2010. Associations between cane cutting and each outcome were analyzed using logistic regression based on generalized estimating equations for repeated events, controlling for age. RESULTS: Among 242 workers with 7257 active work months, 19.5% of person-months were as a cane cutter. There were 160, 21, and 16 episodes of dysuria, heat events, and muscle events, respectively. Compared with work months in other jobs, cane cutting was associated with an elevated odds of dysuria [odds ratio 2.40 (95% confidence interval 1.56–3.68)]. The number of heat and muscle events by cane cutter and other job were limited. CONCLUSIONS: Working as a cane cutter compared with other jobs in the sugarcane industry was associated with increased dysuria, supporting the hypothesis that cane cutters are at increased risk of events suspected of inducing or presaging clinically evident kidney injury.
    Keywords dysuria ; nicaragua ; chronic kidney disease of unknown origin ; ckdu ; crystalluria ; rhabdomyolysis ; heat stress ; muscle injury ; sugarcane worker ; mesoamerican nephropathy ; chronic kidney disease ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nordic Association of Occupational Safety and Health (NOROSH)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

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