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Article: Fund offers support and expertise.

Nattrass, Clive

Health estate

2011 Volume 65, Issue 4, Page(s) 58–60

Abstract: Clive Nattrass, programme director for the Carbon and Energy Fund (CEF), describes how the Fund can potentially help NHS Trusts seeking to upgrade and improve their infrastructure to reduce their carbon footprint, and thus make useful energy savings, to ... ...

Abstract	Clive Nattrass, programme director for the Carbon and Energy Fund (CEF), describes how the Fund can potentially help NHS Trusts seeking to upgrade and improve their infrastructure to reduce their carbon footprint, and thus make useful energy savings, to secure the necessary finance. He outlines the steps that Trusts interested in obtaining CEF funding need to take, and explains the key timelines over the next 3-4 years.
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants ; Capital Financing/organization & administration ; Carbon Dioxide/isolation & purification ; Conservation of Energy Resources ; Cost Savings ; Financing, Government/organization & administration ; Hospital Design and Construction ; Hospitals, Public/economics ; State Medicine ; United Kingdom
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: The effect of aluminium and sodium impurities on the in vitro toxicity and pro-inflammatory potential of cristobalite

Nattrass, C / C.J. Horwell / D.E. Damby / D. Brown / V. Stone

Environmental research. 2017 Nov., v. 159

2017

Abstract: Exposure to crystalline silica (SiO2), in the form of quartz, tridymite or cristobalite, can cause respiratory diseases, such as silicosis. However, the observed toxicity and pathogenicity of crystalline silica is highly variable. This has been ... ...

Abstract	Exposure to crystalline silica (SiO2), in the form of quartz, tridymite or cristobalite, can cause respiratory diseases, such as silicosis. However, the observed toxicity and pathogenicity of crystalline silica is highly variable. This has been attributed to a number of inherent and external factors, including the presence of impurities. In cristobalite-rich dusts, substitutions of aluminium (Al) for silicon (Si) in the cristobalite structure, and impurities occluding the silica surface, have been hypothesised to decrease its toxicity. This hypothesis is tested here through the characterisation and in vitro toxicological study of synthesised cristobalite with incremental amounts of Al and sodium (Na) dopants.Samples of synthetic cristobalite with incremental amounts of Al and Na impurities, and tridymite, were produced through heating of a silica sol-gel. Samples were characterised for mineralogy, cristobalite purity and abundance, particle size, surface area and surface charge. In vitro assays assessed the ability of the samples to induce cytotoxicity and TNF-α production in J774 macrophages, and haemolysis of red blood cells.Al-only doped or Al+Na co-doped cristobalite contained between 1 and 4 oxide wt% Al and Na within its structure. Co-doped samples also contained Al- and Na-rich phases, such as albite. Doping reduced cytotoxicity to J774 macrophages and haemolytic capacity compared to non-doped samples. Al-only doping was more effective at decreasing cristobalite reactivity than Al+Na co-doping. The reduction in the reactivity of cristobalite is attributed to both structural impurities and a lower abundance of crystalline silica in doped samples. Neither non-doped nor doped crystalline silica induced production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in J774 macrophages.Impurities can reduce the toxic potential of cristobalite and may help explain the low reactivity of some cristobalite-rich dusts. Whilst further work is required to determine if these effects translate to altered pathogenesis, the results have potential implications for the regulation of crystalline silica exposures.
Keywords	aluminum ; blood ; cobalt ; cytotoxicity ; dust ; hemolysis ; in vitro studies ; macrophages ; particle size ; pathogenesis ; pathogenicity ; quartz ; respiratory tract diseases ; silicon ; sodium ; surface area ; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-11
Size	p. 164-175.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	205699-9
ISSN	1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
ISSN (online)	1096-0953
ISSN	0013-9351
DOI	10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.054
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: The effect of aluminium and sodium impurities on the in vitro toxicity and pro-inflammatory potential of cristobalite.

Nattrass, C / Horwell, C J / Damby, D E / Brown, D / Stone, V

Environmental research

2017 Volume 159, Page(s) 164–175

Abstract: Background: Exposure to crystalline silica (SiO: Methods: Samples of synthetic cristobalite with incremental amounts of Al and Na impurities, and tridymite, were produced through heating of a silica sol-gel. Samples were characterised for mineralogy, ...

Abstract	Background: Exposure to crystalline silica (SiO Methods: Samples of synthetic cristobalite with incremental amounts of Al and Na impurities, and tridymite, were produced through heating of a silica sol-gel. Samples were characterised for mineralogy, cristobalite purity and abundance, particle size, surface area and surface charge. In vitro assays assessed the ability of the samples to induce cytotoxicity and TNF-α production in J774 macrophages, and haemolysis of red blood cells. Results: Al-only doped or Al+Na co-doped cristobalite contained between 1 and 4 oxide wt% Al and Na within its structure. Co-doped samples also contained Al- and Na-rich phases, such as albite. Doping reduced cytotoxicity to J774 macrophages and haemolytic capacity compared to non-doped samples. Al-only doping was more effective at decreasing cristobalite reactivity than Al+Na co-doping. The reduction in the reactivity of cristobalite is attributed to both structural impurities and a lower abundance of crystalline silica in doped samples. Neither non-doped nor doped crystalline silica induced production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in J774 macrophages. Conclusions: Impurities can reduce the toxic potential of cristobalite and may help explain the low reactivity of some cristobalite-rich dusts. Whilst further work is required to determine if these effects translate to altered pathogenesis, the results have potential implications for the regulation of crystalline silica exposures.
MeSH term(s)	Aluminum/chemistry ; Macrophages/drug effects ; Macrophages/immunology ; Silicon Dioxide/chemistry ; Silicon Dioxide/immunology ; Silicon Dioxide/toxicity ; Sodium/chemistry ; Surface Properties ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
Chemical Substances	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Silicon Dioxide (7631-86-9) ; Sodium (9NEZ333N27) ; Aluminum (CPD4NFA903)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	205699-9
ISSN	1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
ISSN (online)	1096-0953
ISSN	0013-9351
DOI	10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.054
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Book ; Online: How Community Agreements Can Improve Workplace Culture in Physics

Barzi, Emanuela / Liuti, Simonetta / Nattrass, Christine / Springer, Roxanne / Bennett, Charles H.

2022

Abstract: Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI) committees and Codes of Conduct (CoC) have become common in laboratories and physics departments across the country. However, very often these EDI committees and CoC are not equipped to provide practical ... ...

Abstract	Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI) committees and Codes of Conduct (CoC) have become common in laboratories and physics departments across the country. However, very often these EDI committees and CoC are not equipped to provide practical consequences for violations, and therefore are mostly performative in nature. A considerable effort has been devoted by various groups within APS units and beyond the APS in developing instead what are now called Community Guidelines. Community Guidelines help implement the core principles in CoC, by setting expectations for participation in in-person events and virtual communication. When further accompanied by accountability and enforcement processes, they develop into Community Agreements. This White Paper discusses the elements necessary to create and implement an effective Community Agreement, reviews examples of Community Agreements in physics, and argues that physics collaborations, physics departments, and ultimately as many physics organizations as possible, however large or small, should have a Community Agreement in place. We advocate that Community Agreements should become part of the bylaws of any entity that has bylaws.
Keywords	Physics - Physics and Society
Subject code	306
Publishing date	2022-09-14
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: The global variability of diatomaceous earth toxicity: a physicochemical and in vitro investigation.

Nattrass, C / Horwell, C J / Damby, D E / Kermanizadeh, A / Brown, D M / Stone, V

Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England)

2015 Volume 10, Page(s) 23

Abstract: Background: Diatomaceous earth (DE) is mined globally and is potentially of occupational respiratory health concern due to the high crystalline silica content in processed material. DE toxicity, in terms of variability related to global source and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Diatomaceous earth (DE) is mined globally and is potentially of occupational respiratory health concern due to the high crystalline silica content in processed material. DE toxicity, in terms of variability related to global source and processing technique, is poorly understood. This study addresses this variability using physicochemical characterisation and in vitro toxicology assays. Methods: Nineteen DE samples sourced from around the world, comprising unprocessed, calcined and flux-calcined DE, were analysed for chemical and mineral composition, particle size and morphology, and surface area. The potential toxicity of DE was assessed by its haemolytic capacity, and its ability to induce cytotoxicity or cytokine release by J774 macrophages. Results: The potential toxicity of DE varied with source and processing technique, ranging from non-reactive to as cytotoxic and haemolytic as DQ12. Crystalline silica-rich, flux-calcined samples were all unreactive, regardless of source. The potential toxicity of unprocessed and calcined samples was variable, and did not correlate with crystalline silica content. Calcium-rich phases, iron content, amorphous material, particle size and morphology all appeared to play a role in sample reactivity. An increased surface area was linked to an increased reactivity in vitro for some sample types. Conclusions: Overall, no single property of DE could be linked to its potential toxicity, but crystalline silica content was not a dominant factor. Occlusion of the potentially toxic crystalline silica surface by an amorphous matrix or other minerals and impurities in the crystal structure are suggested to pacify toxicity in these samples. In vivo verification is required, but these data suggest that crystalline silica content alone is not a sufficient indicator of the potential DE hazard.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-07-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1745-6673
ISSN	1745-6673
DOI	10.1186/s12995-015-0064-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: An elective in San Francisco. HIV infection: comparing attitudes, knowledge and cross-infection control amongst dentists in San Francisco and Great Britain.

Nattrass, C

British dental journal

1988 Volume 165, Issue 11, Page(s) 412–414

MeSH term(s)	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control ; Adult ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Dental Care for Disabled ; Dentists ; Female ; HIV Seropositivity ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases/prevention & control ; Risk Factors ; San Francisco ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	1988-12-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	218090-x
ISSN	1476-5373 ; 0007-0610
ISSN (online)	1476-5373
ISSN	0007-0610
DOI	10.1038/sj.bdj.4806647
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Article: Are Dietitians Documenting Malnutrition Based on Subjective Global Assessment Category?

da Silva, Liz / Edmunds, Christina / Grossman, Talise / Kelly, Lynn / Nattrass, Cathryn / Saran, Delara

Canadian journal of dietetic practice and research : a publication of Dietitians of Canada = Revue canadienne de la pratique et de la recherche en dietetique : une publication des Dietetistes du Canada

2018 Volume 80, Issue 2, Page(s) 91–94

Abstract: Purpose: ...

Abstract	Purpose:
MeSH term(s)	Canada/epidemiology ; Dietetics/education ; Dietetics/methods ; Dietetics/statistics & numerical data ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Malnutrition/classification ; Malnutrition/diagnosis ; Malnutrition/epidemiology ; Nutrition Assessment ; Nutrition Therapy ; Nutritionists/education ; Retrospective Studies ; Terminology as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-11-15
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1472222-7
ISSN	1486-3847
ISSN	1486-3847
DOI	10.3148/cjdpr-2018-038
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Article: Adult orthodontics--a review.

Nattrass, C / Sandy, J R

British journal of orthodontics

1995 Volume 22, Issue 4, Page(s) 331–337

Abstract: The increased demand for orthodontic treatment by adults suggests a review of the literature might be timely. In this review we explore whether the increased in demand is real and matched by need. We also examine the reasons for treatment being sought ... ...

Abstract	The increased demand for orthodontic treatment by adults suggests a review of the literature might be timely. In this review we explore whether the increased in demand is real and matched by need. We also examine the reasons for treatment being sought and special considerations which are important during orthodontic treatment. Finally, we compare the orthodontic experience of adults and adolescents. We conclude that adults seeking treatment can be excellent patients with high motivation and co-operation. The limitations of orthodontic treatment must be explained at the beginning of treatment since adult expectations of orthodontics can be very high.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Malocclusion/therapy ; Motivation ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; Patient Compliance ; Patient Satisfaction
Language	English
Publishing date	1995-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	187197-3
ISSN	0301-228X
ISSN	0301-228X
DOI	10.1179/bjo.22.4.331
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Article ; Online: Rate of removal of bird carcasses in arable farmland by predators and scavengers.

Prosser, Phil / Nattrass, Cornelia / Prosser, Clare

Ecotoxicology and environmental safety

2008 Volume 71, Issue 2, Page(s) 601–608

Abstract: Studies requiring carcasses to be retrieved to detect mortality and its causes in wildlife can be difficult to interpret due to removal of carcasses by scavengers. This paper describes two linked studies measuring rate of removal of carcasses from ... ...

Abstract	Studies requiring carcasses to be retrieved to detect mortality and its causes in wildlife can be difficult to interpret due to removal of carcasses by scavengers. This paper describes two linked studies measuring rate of removal of carcasses from farmland in the UK, carried out to inform the results of a pesticide study involving carcass searching. In winter, 6% of carcasses had been removed 24 h after placement, and 32% had been removed 96 h after placement; wild bird carcasses were removed significantly faster than those of artificially reared birds. In summer, 76% of carcasses had been removed 24 h after placement and 91% after 96 h. A literature review of similar studies is given. Carcass removal rates by predators and scavengers appear to vary widely between sites and seasons, and may be high. If the results of studies involving carcass searches or surveillance are to be interpreted correctly, carcass removal rate by scavengers should be measured under similar conditions to, and contemporaneous with, those under which mortality is expected to occur.
MeSH term(s)	Agriculture ; Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Birds ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Pesticides/toxicity ; Predatory Behavior ; Seasons ; United Kingdom
Chemical Substances	Pesticides
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-10
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	436536-7
ISSN	1090-2414 ; 0147-6513
ISSN (online)	1090-2414
ISSN	0147-6513
DOI	10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.013
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Article: Latex allergy in an orthognathic patient and implications for clinical management.

Nattrass, C / Ireland, A J / Lovell, C R

The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery

1999 Volume 37, Issue 1, Page(s) 11–13

Abstract: A 19-year-old girl with mild asthma had had 16 months of orthodontic treatment as part of the joint orthodontic/orthognathic approach to her 9.5 mm overjet. At the time of banding her second molars she developed latex protein allergy as a reaction to the ...

Abstract	A 19-year-old girl with mild asthma had had 16 months of orthodontic treatment as part of the joint orthodontic/orthognathic approach to her 9.5 mm overjet. At the time of banding her second molars she developed latex protein allergy as a reaction to the operator's non-sterile powdered latex gloves. She also gave a history of allergy to other substances as well as of eczema. The patient was confirmed as allergic to latex protein by radioallergosorbent test (RAST) for IgE, requiring precautions be taken during further orthodontic procedures as well as during the subsequent orthognathic surgery for the underlying Class II skeletal pattern.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Asthma/complications ; Eczema/complications ; Female ; Gloves, Surgical/adverse effects ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity/complications ; Immunoglobulin E/analysis ; Latex/immunology ; Latex Hypersensitivity/etiology ; Latex Hypersensitivity/prevention & control ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III/surgery ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III/therapy ; Molar ; Orthodontic Brackets ; Radioallergosorbent Test ; Urticaria/etiology
Chemical Substances	Latex ; Immunoglobulin E (37341-29-0)
Language	English
Publishing date	1999-02
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605685-4
ISSN	1532-1940 ; 0266-4356
ISSN (online)	1532-1940
ISSN	0266-4356
DOI	10.1054/bjom.1998.0306
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