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  1. Article ; Online: Bypassing Closest Stroke Center for Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Not So Fast!

    Wechsler, Paul M / Navi, Babak B

    JAMA neurology

    2023  Volume 80, Issue 10, Page(s) 1022–1025

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Stroke/therapy ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2702023-X
    ISSN 2168-6157 ; 2168-6149
    ISSN (online) 2168-6157
    ISSN 2168-6149
    DOI 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.2753
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Quality-of-life, concerns, and treatment priorities in patients with cancer-related ischemic stroke: A prospective survey study.

    Dawod, Judy / Abbasi, Mohammad Hossein / Navi, Babak B / Kasner, Scott E

    Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association

    2023  Volume 32, Issue 9, Page(s) 107286

    Abstract: Objectives: Comorbid cancer with stroke is a complex situation with multiple factors affecting quality of life (QoL). No specific questionnaire exists to assess current drivers of QoL and future concerns and priorities in patients with cancer-related ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Comorbid cancer with stroke is a complex situation with multiple factors affecting quality of life (QoL). No specific questionnaire exists to assess current drivers of QoL and future concerns and priorities in patients with cancer-related stroke.
    Methods: After developing a structured survey instrument, we prospectively interviewed patients with recent ischemic stroke and active cancer to assess views about their condition, factors currently impacting QoL, concerns for the future, and preferences regarding antithrombotic treatment strategy.
    Results: In 2021-2022, at two quaternary-care stroke and cancer centers, we surveyed 50 patients with cancer-related stroke (mean age 70 years, 42% women). Most (87%) had solid cancers with lung, prostate, and breast cancers being the most prevalent. The most frequent adverse feelings were sadness and anxiety about another stroke. Disability from stroke, pain from cancer, and dependency were the items rated to have the highest current effect on patients' QoL and were ranked as the number one effector on QoL in 25%, 23%, and 16% of surveys, respectively; bleeding was ranked the lowest. Cognitive/memory impairment (ranked first in 28% of surveys), dependency on others (ranked first in 18%), and speech disturbance (ranked first in 16%) were the highest ranked future concerns; bleeding and pain were ranked the lowest. When questioned about antithrombotic treatment preferences to prevent further stroke, 50% favored a more aggressive approach with anticoagulant therapy, 16% favored a less aggressive approach with antiplatelet therapy, and 34% were neutral/unsure.
    Conclusions: Patients with cancer-related stroke reported that stroke disability and cancer pain were their most impactful current issues, while long-term cognitive impairment, functional dependence, and speech disturbance were their most important future concerns. These patients seemed to be more concerned about future stroke than bleeding events and tended to prefer a more aggressive antithrombotic strategy, although considerable variability existed.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Ischemic Stroke ; Prospective Studies ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; Stroke/diagnosis ; Stroke/prevention & control ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Hemorrhage ; Breast Neoplasms
    Chemical Substances Fibrinolytic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1131675-5
    ISSN 1532-8511 ; 1052-3057
    ISSN (online) 1532-8511
    ISSN 1052-3057
    DOI 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107286
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Ischemic Stroke in Cancer: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Implications for Treatment.

    Costamagna, Gianluca / Navi, Babak B / Beyeler, Morin / Hottinger, Andreas F / Alberio, Lorenzo / Michel, Patrik

    Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis

    2023  Volume 50, Issue 3, Page(s) 342–359

    Abstract: Ischemic stroke is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. The underlying mechanisms linking cancer and stroke are not completely understood. Long-standing and more recent evidence suggests that cancer-associated prothrombotic ... ...

    Abstract Ischemic stroke is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. The underlying mechanisms linking cancer and stroke are not completely understood. Long-standing and more recent evidence suggests that cancer-associated prothrombotic states, along with treatment-related vascular toxicity, such as with chemotherapy and immunotherapy, contribute to an increased risk of ischemic stroke in cancer patients. Novel biomarkers, including coagulation, platelet and endothelial markers, cell-free DNA, and extracellular vesicles are being investigated for their potential to improve risk stratification and patient selection for clinical trials and to help guide personalized antithrombotic strategies. Treatment of cancer-related stroke poses unique challenges, including the need to balance the risk of recurrent stroke and other thromboembolic events with that of bleeding associated with antithrombotic therapy. In addition, how and when to restart cancer treatment after stroke remains unclear. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the mechanisms underlying ischemic stroke in cancer, propose an etiological classification system unique to cancer-related stroke to help guide patient characterization, provide an overview of promising biomarkers and their clinical utility, and discuss the current state of evidence-based management strategies for cancer-related stroke. Ultimately, a personalized approach to stroke prevention and treatment is required in cancer patients, considering both the underlying cancer biology and the individual patient's risk profile.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Ischemic Stroke/complications ; Stroke/etiology ; Stroke/therapy ; Hemorrhage ; Thromboembolism ; Biomarkers ; Neoplasms/complications ; Neoplasms/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 196901-8
    ISSN 1098-9064 ; 0094-6176
    ISSN (online) 1098-9064
    ISSN 0094-6176
    DOI 10.1055/s-0043-1771270
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Risk of Hemorrhagic Stroke in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019-Reply.

    Merkler, Alexander E / Zhang, Cenai / Navi, Babak B

    JAMA neurology

    2021  Volume 78, Issue 4, Page(s) 497

    MeSH term(s) Brain Ischemia ; COVID-19 ; Hemorrhagic Stroke ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Stroke/complications ; Stroke/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2702023-X
    ISSN 2168-6157 ; 2168-6149
    ISSN (online) 2168-6157
    ISSN 2168-6149
    DOI 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.0120
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Cost-Effectiveness of Increased Use of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After High-Risk Transient Ischemic Attack or Minor Stroke.

    Wechsler, Paul M / Pandya, Ankur / Parikh, Neal S / Razzak, Junaid A / White, Halina / Navi, Babak B / Kamel, Hooman / Liberman, Ava L

    Journal of the American Heart Association

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 7, Page(s) e032808

    Abstract: Background: Rates of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after high-risk transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke (TIAMIS) are suboptimal. We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis to characterize the parameters of a quality improvement (QI) ... ...

    Abstract Background: Rates of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after high-risk transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke (TIAMIS) are suboptimal. We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis to characterize the parameters of a quality improvement (QI) intervention designed to increase DAPT use after TIAMIS.
    Methods and results: We constructed a decision tree model that compared current national rates of DAPT use after TIAMIS with rates after implementing a theoretical QI intervention designed to increase appropriate DAPT use. The base case assumed that a QI intervention increased the rate of DAPT use to 65% from 45%. Costs (payer and societal) and outcomes (stroke, myocardial infarction, major bleed, or death) were modeled using a lifetime horizon. An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio <$100 000 per quality-adjusted life year was considered cost-effective. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. From the payer perspective, a QI intervention was associated with $9657 in lifetime cost savings and 0.18 more quality-adjusted life years compared with current national treatment rates. A QI intervention was cost-effective in 73% of probabilistic sensitivity analysis iterations. Results were similar from the societal perspective. The maximum acceptable, initial, 1-time payer cost of a QI intervention was $28 032 per patient. A QI intervention that increased DAPT use to at least 51% was cost-effective in the base case.
    Conclusions: Increasing DAPT use after TIAMIS with a QI intervention is cost-effective over a wide range of costs and proportion of patients with TIAMIS treated with DAPT after implementation of a QI intervention. Our results support the development of future interventions focused on increasing DAPT use after TIAMIS.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Ischemic Attack, Transient/drug therapy ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Cost-Effectiveness Analysis ; Stroke/drug therapy ; Stroke/chemically induced
    Chemical Substances Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2653953-6
    ISSN 2047-9980 ; 2047-9980
    ISSN (online) 2047-9980
    ISSN 2047-9980
    DOI 10.1161/JAHA.123.032808
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Acute ischaemic stroke in active cancer versus non-cancer patients: stroke characteristics, mechanisms and clinical outcomes.

    Costamagna, Gianluca / Hottinger, Andreas F / Milionis, Haralampos / Salerno, Alexander / Strambo, Davide / Livio, Francoise / Navi, Babak B / Michel, Patrik

    European journal of neurology

    2024  Volume 31, Issue 4, Page(s) e16200

    Abstract: Background and purpose: Demographics, clinical characteristics, stroke mechanisms and long-term outcomes were compared between acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) patients with active cancer (AC) versus non-cancer patients.: Methods: Using data from 2003 to ...

    Abstract Background and purpose: Demographics, clinical characteristics, stroke mechanisms and long-term outcomes were compared between acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) patients with active cancer (AC) versus non-cancer patients.
    Methods: Using data from 2003 to 2021 in the Acute STroke Registry and Analysis of Lausanne, a retrospective cohort study was performed comparing patients with AC, including previously known and newly diagnosed cancers, with non-cancer patients. Patients with inactive cancer were excluded. Outcomes were the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 3 months, death and cerebrovascular recurrences at 12 months before and after propensity score matching.
    Results: Amongst 6686 patients with AIS, 1065 (15.9%) had a history of cancer. After excluding 700 (10.4%) patients with inactive cancer, there were 365 (5.5%) patients with AC and 5621 (84%) non-cancer AIS patients. Amongst AC patients, 154 (42.2%) strokes were classified as cancer related. In multivariable analysis, patients with AC were older (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.03), had fewer vascular risk factors and were 48% less likely to receive reperfusion therapies (aOR 0.52, 95% CI 0.35-0.76). Three-month mRS scores were not different in AC patients (aOR 2.18, 95% CI 0.96-5.00). At 12 months, death (adjusted hazard ratio 1.91, 95% CI 1.50-2.43) and risk of cerebrovascular recurrence (sub-distribution hazard ratio 1.68, 95% CI 1.22-2.31) before and after propensity score matching were higher in AC patients.
    Conclusions: In a large institutional registry spanning nearly two decades, AIS patients with AC had less past cerebrovascular disease but a higher 1-year risk of subsequent death and cerebrovascular recurrence compared to non-cancer patients. Antithrombotic medications at discharge may reduce this risk in AC patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Stroke/therapy ; Brain Ischemia/complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Ischemic Stroke/complications ; Risk Factors ; Neoplasms/complications ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1280785-0
    ISSN 1468-1331 ; 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    ISSN (online) 1468-1331
    ISSN 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    DOI 10.1111/ene.16200
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Reply: To PMID 25472885.

    Navi, Babak B

    Annals of neurology

    2015  Volume 78, Issue 4, Page(s) 660

    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicare ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Stroke/diagnosis ; Stroke/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 80362-5
    ISSN 1531-8249 ; 0364-5134
    ISSN (online) 1531-8249
    ISSN 0364-5134
    DOI 10.1002/ana.24475
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Ischemic stroke in cancer patients: A review of an underappreciated pathology.

    Navi, Babak B / Iadecola, Costantino

    Annals of neurology

    2018  Volume 83, Issue 5, Page(s) 873–883

    Abstract: Currently 1 in 10 patients with ischemic stroke have comorbid cancer, and this frequency is expected to increase with continued advances in cancer therapeutics prolonging median survival. Well known for its association with venous thrombosis, cancer has ... ...

    Abstract Currently 1 in 10 patients with ischemic stroke have comorbid cancer, and this frequency is expected to increase with continued advances in cancer therapeutics prolonging median survival. Well known for its association with venous thrombosis, cancer has recently emerged as a significant risk factor for arterial thromboembolism, including stroke; however, the underlying mechanisms are uncertain. In addition, the optimal strategies to prevent and acutely treat stroke in cancer patients are yet to be established. This review summarizes the current evidence on ischemic stroke risk, biomarkers, pathophysiology, treatments, and prognosis in cancer patients, emphasizing knowledge gaps and the potential strategies to address them. Ann Neurol 2018;83:873-883.
    MeSH term(s) Brain Ischemia/complications ; Brain Ischemia/diagnosis ; Brain Ischemia/pathology ; Humans ; Neoplasms/complications ; Neoplasms/pathology ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; Stroke/complications ; Stroke/diagnosis ; Stroke/pathology ; Venous Thrombosis/complications ; Venous Thrombosis/diagnosis ; Venous Thrombosis/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80362-5
    ISSN 1531-8249 ; 0364-5134
    ISSN (online) 1531-8249
    ISSN 0364-5134
    DOI 10.1002/ana.25227
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Electronic Cigarette Use and Cigarette-Smoking Cessation Attempts Among Stroke Survivors in the US.

    Parikh, Neal S / Navi, Babak B / Merkler, Alexander E / Kamel, Hooman

    JAMA neurology

    2021  Volume 78, Issue 6, Page(s) 759–760

    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Self Report ; Smoking Cessation/methods ; Stroke/diagnosis ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Survivors ; United States/epidemiology ; Vaping/epidemiology ; Vaping/trends
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2702023-X
    ISSN 2168-6157 ; 2168-6149
    ISSN (online) 2168-6157
    ISSN 2168-6149
    DOI 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.0636
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Thrombophilia Testing After Ischemic Stroke: Why, When, and What?

    Salehi Omran, Setareh / Hartman, Adam / Zakai, Neil A / Navi, Babak B

    Stroke

    2021  Volume 52, Issue 5, Page(s) 1874–1884

    Abstract: Thrombophilia testing is frequently performed after an ischemic stroke, particularly when cryptogenic. However, there is minimal evidence supporting a significant association between most conditions assessed through thrombophilia testing and ischemic ... ...

    Abstract Thrombophilia testing is frequently performed after an ischemic stroke, particularly when cryptogenic. However, there is minimal evidence supporting a significant association between most conditions assessed through thrombophilia testing and ischemic stroke, and the rationale for thrombophilia testing in many clinical situations remains uncertain. In this topical review, we review and contextualize the existing data on the risks, predictors, and outcomes of thrombophilic conditions in patients with ischemic stroke. We report that inherited thrombophilias have an uncertain relationship with ischemic stroke. Conversely, antiphospholipid syndrome, an acquired immune-mediated thrombophilia, seems to be a strong risk factor for arterial thromboembolic events, including ischemic stroke, and especially among young patients. Our findings suggest that certain circumstances may warrant targeted thrombophilia testing, such as stroke in the young, cryptogenic stroke, and high estrogen states. Future prospective studies should investigate the utility and cost effectiveness of thrombophilia testing in various stroke settings, including among patients with patent foramen ovale; as well as the optimal secondary stroke prevention regimen in patients with confirmed thrombophilia, particularly if no other potential stroke mechanism is identified.
    MeSH term(s) Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine/economics ; Humans ; Ischemic Stroke/etiology ; Thrombophilia/complications ; Thrombophilia/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80381-9
    ISSN 1524-4628 ; 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    ISSN (online) 1524-4628
    ISSN 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    DOI 10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.032360
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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