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Article ; Online: Determination of Element Concentration of Brewed Tea Consumed in Iran Using ICP-OES: A Risk Assessment Study.

Mazaheri, Yeganeh / Shariatifar, Nabi / Nazmara, Shahrokh / Jafari, Maryam / Arabameri, Majid / Karami, Leila

2024

Abstract: Tea is a popular drink enjoyed by many people around the world. However, it is important to note that impurities and contaminants in tea can potentially threaten human health when consumed. The main objective of this research is to assess the ... ...

Abstract	Tea is a popular drink enjoyed by many people around the world. However, it is important to note that impurities and contaminants in tea can potentially threaten human health when consumed. The main objective of this research is to assess the concentration of 16 trace elements (As, Fe, Al, Co, B, Li, Cd, Ba, Pb, Cr, Zn, Hg, Ni, Mn, Sb, and Sn) present in different types brewed of tea by using the ICP-OES (the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer) device, and the human health risks related to its use were evaluated. In this study, manganese (Mn) indicated the highest mean concentration in black (917.64 µg/kg) and green tea (912.89 µg/kg), respectively. Our study showed that the highest mean concentration of element boron (B) was (44.36 µg/kg) in Stachys lavandulifolia brewed tea. Among different packaging, tea bag samples had the highest concentration of Mn (1025.65 µg/kg) and aluminum (Al) (396.63 µg/kg). However, those unpacked posed the lowest content of Mn (188.13 µg/kg) and Al (100.47 µg/kg). The lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) concentrations in all samples were lower than the maximum limit of the Iranian standard and the WHO. In general, the amount of tea metal in Iranian samples was higher than in imported samples. Also, increasing the brewing time (10 min) can be effective in the solubility and extraction of metals such as B, Hg, cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), and lithium (Li). Further, the correlation between the amount of metals and type in tea samples was evaluated with principal component analysis. Based on the conducted non-carcinogenic risk assessment by the Monte Carlo simulation, the hazard index (HI), due to ingestion of heavy metals via tea in the 5-min brewing of tea, was 7.39E - 03 and 2.09E - 03, and in the 10-min brewing of tea, it was 3.20E - 02 and 9.07E - 03 for children and adults, respectively. Therefore, there was no significant non-carcinogenic risk from tea consumption.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	445336-0
ISSN	1559-0720 ; 0163-4984
ISSN (online)	1559-0720
ISSN	0163-4984
DOI	10.1007/s12011-024-04232-2
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Article: Exposure assessment of nitrate and phenol derivatives in Tehran's water distribution system.

Hadi, Mahdi / Bashardoust, Parnia / Solaimany Aminabad, Mehri / Nazmara, Shahrokh / Rezvani Ghalhari, Mohammad / Mesdaghinia, Alireza / Hemmati Borji, Saeedeh

Journal of water and health

2024 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 147–168

Abstract: The presence of organic and inorganic contaminants in drinking water is a global concern. Nitrate and phenol derivatives are examples of pollutants that could be of anthropogenic origin. They are associated with numerous health risks, underscoring the ... ...

Abstract	The presence of organic and inorganic contaminants in drinking water is a global concern. Nitrate and phenol derivatives are examples of pollutants that could be of anthropogenic origin. They are associated with numerous health risks, underscoring the importance of monitoring their presence in drinking water. This study aimed to measure nitrate and phenol derivatives, including 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), Pentachlorophenol (PCP), 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP), 2-Chlorophenol (2-CP), 4-Chlorophenol (4-CP), and phenol, in Tehran's water distribution system (WDS). The pollutants in Tehran's WDS were significantly and positively correlated with precipitation. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) and the Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) of the detected pollutants were estimated. The results showed that the regional mean of nitrate and PCP in Tehran's WDS were 35.58±8.71mg L
MeSH term(s)	Phenol ; Nitrates ; Drinking Water ; Iran ; Phenols ; Pentachlorophenol ; Organic Chemicals ; Environmental Pollutants ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Risk Assessment
Chemical Substances	Phenol (339NCG44TV) ; Nitrates ; Drinking Water ; Phenols ; Pentachlorophenol (D9BSU0SE4T) ; Organic Chemicals ; Environmental Pollutants ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2123845-5
ISSN	1996-7829 ; 1477-8920
ISSN (online)	1996-7829
ISSN	1477-8920
DOI	10.2166/wh.2023.133
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Article ; Online: Evaluating the exposure of general population of Tehran with volatile organic compounds (BTEX)

Ghanbarian, Maryam / Nazmara, Shahrokh / Masinaei, Masoud / Ghanbarian, Marjan / Mahvi, Amir Hossein

International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 2022 Dec. 16, v. 102, no. 16 p.4261-4271

2022

Abstract: This study was aimed to evaluate urinary benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p-xylene, o-xylene (BTEX), as biomarkers of exposure to BTEX. Total of 76 first-morning void urine samples were collected from Tehran general population. Urinary BTEX content ... ...

Abstract	This study was aimed to evaluate urinary benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p-xylene, o-xylene (BTEX), as biomarkers of exposure to BTEX. Total of 76 first-morning void urine samples were collected from Tehran general population. Urinary BTEX content were analysed by headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Median urinary levels of these chemicals were 87.5, 60.5, 98, 65.6, 47 and 49 ng/L, respectively. Investigating the status of smoking habit and biomarkers shows that there is a significant difference between tobacco use and no tobacco use, so that urinary BTEX concentrations were higher in smokers than in non-smokers. The correlation analysis between independent variables and pollutants showed that the employment status and tobacco use habits for benzene, the tobacco use habits and employment habits for ethylbenzene, tobacco use habits for toluene, employment status and tobacco use habits for m.p.xylene, employment status and tobacco use habits for o.xylene, had the highest level of significance, and age, sex, and traffic status of place of residence had the least significance level for all pollutants. The biological monitoring is beneficial using urinary samples to evaluate the exposure with BTEX. Given the ease of rapidly obtaining urine samples, they represent a non-invasive alternative to blood chemical analysis.
Keywords	benzene ; biomarkers ; employment ; ethylbenzene ; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ; headspace analysis ; hematologic tests ; tobacco use ; toluene ; traffic ; urine ; volatile organic compounds ; xylene ; Exposure ; general population ; urinary
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1216
Size	p. 4261-4271.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	120480-4
ISSN	1029-0397 ; 0306-7319 ; 0092-9085
ISSN (online)	1029-0397
ISSN	0306-7319 ; 0092-9085
DOI	10.1080/03067319.2020.1781839
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Article: Spatial distribution and contamination of heavy metals in surface water, groundwater and topsoil surrounding Moghan’s tannery site in Ardabil, Iran

Sadeghi, Hadi / Fazlzadeh, Mehdi / Zarei, Ahmad / Mahvi, Amir Hossein / Nazmara, Shahrokh

International journal of environmental analytical chemistry. 2022 Apr. 09, v. 102, no. 5

2022

Abstract: Discharge of heavy metals from industrial complexes especially tanneries has considerably increased the levels of heavy metals in water and soil worldwide. This work was aimed to determine the levels of heavy metal (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) ... ...

Abstract	Discharge of heavy metals from industrial complexes especially tanneries has considerably increased the levels of heavy metals in water and soil worldwide. This work was aimed to determine the levels of heavy metal (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) contamination of surface water, groundwater and soils in the site surrounding Moghan’s tannery in Ardabil, Iran. Fifteen composite samples (totally 45) were collected from surface water, groundwater and soils surrounding the tannery site. In this study, the levels of metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and the results were compared to the national and international standards. The results showed that 73% of water samples from wells and 80% of samples from surface water had levels above maximum permissible levels. The levels of metals in the remaining samples were within standard values. For soil samples, the mean levels of metals, except Pb, were lower than maximum permissible levels. Among these, Cd and Zn showed the lowest and highest level, respectively. The results showed that the mean levels of chromium in surface water, groundwater and soil surrounding Moghan’s tannery were high due to the pollution generated by the factory which necessitates the greater attention and implementation more pollution preventive procedures by environmental professionals and decision-makers.
Keywords	analytical chemistry ; atomic absorption spectrometry ; chromium ; decision making ; groundwater ; heavy metals ; pollution ; surface water ; tanneries ; topsoil ; Iran
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0409
Size	p. 1049-1059.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	120480-4
ISSN	1029-0397 ; 0306-7319 ; 0092-9085
ISSN (online)	1029-0397
ISSN	0306-7319 ; 0092-9085
DOI	10.1080/03067319.2020.1730342
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Article ; Online: The concentration and health risk assessment of trace elements in commercial soft drinks from Iran marketed

Shariatifar, Nabi / Seilani, Fatemeh / Jannat, Behrooz / Nazmara, Shahrokh / Arabameri, Majid

International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 2022 Dec. 16, v. 102, no. 16 p.4388-4402

2022

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to assess the concentration of the trace elements Al, As, Cd, Ba, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Mn, Fe and Zn in 150 commercial soft drinks marketed of Iran, using inductive couple plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). ... ...

Abstract	The aim of the present study was to assess the concentration of the trace elements Al, As, Cd, Ba, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Mn, Fe and Zn in 150 commercial soft drinks marketed of Iran, using inductive couple plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The data obtained were compared with the permissible limit set for drinking water by the Codex Alimantarius (CA), United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) and National Standard of Iran (NSI). The highest mean level was 84.11 ± 27.06 μg/L is related to Fe and the lowest was <detection limit to As and Hg. The concentrations of Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Ba, Hg, Cd and As in samples were lower than the limit set by USEPA, FAO/WHO, CA and NSI. In contrast, the concentrations of Fe, Al, Mn and Zn soft drink samples were higher than the limit set by USEPA, FAO/WHO, CA and NSI. Monte Carlo simulation results indicated that the trend of potential non-carcinogenic risks in all samples was Cd > Cr > Pb > Ni > Al > Ba. Target hazard quotient index of toxic elements, for adults and children, was considerably lower than the safe risk limits THQ > 1.
Keywords	Food and Agriculture Organization ; Monte Carlo method ; United States Environmental Protection Agency ; World Health Organization ; analytical chemistry ; detection limit ; environmental protection ; health effects assessments ; risk ; soft drinks ; spectroscopy ; toxicity ; Iran ; Essential elements ; toxic elements ; health risk assessment ; soft drink ; ICP-OES
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1216
Size	p. 4388-4402.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	120480-4
ISSN	1029-0397 ; 0306-7319 ; 0092-9085
ISSN (online)	1029-0397
ISSN	0306-7319 ; 0092-9085
DOI	10.1080/03067319.2020.1784412
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Article ; Online: 4-Chlorophenol adsorption from water solutions by activated carbon functionalized with amine groups: response surface method and artificial neural networks.

Tazik, Moslem / Dehghani, Mohammad Hadi / Yaghmaeian, Kamyar / Nazmara, Shahrokh / Salari, Mehdi / Mahvi, Amir Hossein / Nasseri, Simin / Soleimani, Hamed / Karri, Rama Rao

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 7831

Abstract: 4-Chlorophenol pollution is a significant environmental concern. In this study, powdered activated carbon modified with amine groups is synthesized and investigated its efficiency in removing 4-chlorophenols from aqueous environments. Response surface ... ...

Abstract	4-Chlorophenol pollution is a significant environmental concern. In this study, powdered activated carbon modified with amine groups is synthesized and investigated its efficiency in removing 4-chlorophenols from aqueous environments. Response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) were used to investigate the effect of different parameters, including pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and initial 4-chlorophenol concentration, on 4-chlorophenol removal efficiency. The RSM-CCD approach was implemented in R software to design and analyze the experiments. The statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to describe the roles of effecting parameters on response. Isotherm and kinetic studies were done with three Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models and four pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intraparticle kinetic models in both linear and non-linear forms. The synthesized adsorbent was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The results showed that the synthesized modified activated carbon had a maximum adsorption capacity of 316.1 mg/g and exhibited high efficiency in removing 4-chlorophenols. The optimal conditions for the highest removal efficiency were an adsorbent dosage of 0.55 g/L, contact time of 35 min, initial concentration of 4-chlorophenol of 110 mg/L, and pH of 3. The thermodynamic study indicated that the adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous. The synthesized adsorbent also showed excellent reusability even after five successive cycles. These findings demonstrate the potential of modified activated carbon as an effective method for removing 4-chlorophenols from aqueous environments and contributing to developing sustainable and efficient water treatment technologies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-35117-4
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Article: Effect of dilution factor on the isolation of

Solaimany Aminabad, Mehri / Hadi, Mahdi / Mirbagheri, Seyedeh Zohreh / Mesdaghinia, Alireza / Bakhtiari, Ronak / Alebouyeh, Masoud / Nazmara, Shahrokh

Iranian journal of microbiology

2023 Volume 14, Issue 6, Page(s) 891–900

Abstract: Background and objectives: Isolating : Materials and methods: Several dilutions of wastewater samples were inoculated with fresh : Results: The : Conclusion: The optimized technique could be applied in future studies for increasing the chance ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives: Isolating Materials and methods: Several dilutions of wastewater samples were inoculated with fresh Results: The Conclusion: The optimized technique could be applied in future studies for increasing the chance of
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-27
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2652849-6
ISSN	2008-4447 ; 2008-3289
ISSN (online)	2008-4447
ISSN	2008-3289
DOI	10.18502/ijm.v14i6.11264
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Article ; Online: Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) samples collected from Tehran, Iran: a health risk assessment study

Abdi, Leili / Molaee Aghaee, Ebrahim / Nazmara, Shahrokh / Alipour, Mohammad reza / Fakhri, Yadolah / Mousavi Khaneghah, Amin

International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 2022 Dec. 16, v. 102, no. 16 p.4640-4651

2022

Abstract: Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are a major concerns from food safety, environmental, and ecological points of view. In this study, the concentration of Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr) and ... ...

Abstract	Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are a major concerns from food safety, environmental, and ecological points of view. In this study, the concentration of Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr) and Zinc (Zn) in corn and soybean samples collected from Tehran’s market was investigated by the aid of an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Besides, the percentile 95% target hazard quotient (THQ) and carcinogenic risk (CR) for adults’ and children’s consumers were estimated using the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) technique. The range concentration of As, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu and Zn detected in corn samples was <0.001 to 0.025, <0.001 to 0.003, 0.001 to 0.108, 0.060 to 0.193, 0.212 to 0.363, 0.061 to 0.114, and 1.178 to 1.701 mg/kg, respectively, while the corresponded values for soybean samples were <0.001 to 0.036, 0.001 to 0.005, 0.002 to 0.125, 0.138 to 1.025, 0.055 to 1.054, 0.333 to 0.799, 1.518 to 3.893, mg/kg, respectively. The mean concentration of PTEs in all samples was less than the maximum permitted level recommended by EU standards. The result of the health risk assessment shows that consumers are not at substantial non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk due to ingestion of PTEs via consumption of corn and soybean. Consequently, although there is no necessity for urgent action, efforts to sustain these conditions are crucial to warrant public health.
Keywords	Glycine max ; Monte Carlo method ; Zea mays ; analytical chemistry ; arsenic ; atomic absorption spectrometry ; cadmium ; carcinogenicity ; chromium ; corn ; food safety ; health effects assessments ; ingestion ; markets ; mercury ; nickel ; public health ; risk ; soybeans ; zinc ; Iran ; Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) ; cereals foods ; soybean ; risk assessment ; contaminants
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1216
Size	p. 4640-4651.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	120480-4
ISSN	1029-0397 ; 0306-7319 ; 0092-9085
ISSN (online)	1029-0397
ISSN	0306-7319 ; 0092-9085
DOI	10.1080/03067319.2020.1786548
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Article: Removal of humic acid from aqueous solutions using ultraviolet irradiation coupled with hydrogen peroxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles

Nazmara, Shahrokh / Oskoei, Vahide / Zahedi, Amir / Rezanasab, Majid / Shiri, Leyla / Fallahizadeh, Saeid / Vahidi-Kolur, Robabeh

International journal of environmental analytical chemistry. 2022 May 28, v. 102, no. 7

2022

Abstract: In this study, individual performance of ultraviolet irradiation (UV), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) processes, as well as a performance of combined processes of UV/H₂O₂ and UV/H₂O₂/ZnO, were assessed for the removal of ... ...

Abstract	In this study, individual performance of ultraviolet irradiation (UV), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) processes, as well as a performance of combined processes of UV/H₂O₂ and UV/H₂O₂/ZnO, were assessed for the removal of humic acid (HA) from aqueous solutions. Various process-related factors, such as the concentration of ZnO (0.2 and 0.5 g/L), the concentration of H₂O₂ (20, 30 and 50 mg/L), UV = 125 W, pH (4, 7 and 10), initial HA concentrations (at wavelength of 254 nm) of 2, 5, 7 and 10 mg/L, and three types of interferences (nitrate, sulphate and chloride) were studied and optimised. The results showed that removal efficiency decreased by increasing the concentration of HA and pH values in all processes, but it increased by increasing the time of exposure and the concentration of H₂O₂. In the combined process of UV/ZnO/H₂O₂, the nanoparticle concentration of 0.2 g/L yielded the highest efficiency, whereas in the other processes, the highest efficiency was observed at nanoparticle concentration of 0.5 g/L. Based on these results, under the optimum conditions (HA = 2 mg/L, H₂O₂ = 50 mg/L, ZnO = 0.2 g/L, pH = 4.0 and contact time of 15 min), UV/ZnO/H₂O₂ process was found as the most efficient combination in removing of HA with an efficiency of 99.99%. Furthermore, the modelling results indicated that the adsorption reaction of HA onto ZnO nanoparticles was very well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R ² > 0.99).
Keywords	adsorption ; analytical chemistry ; humic acids ; hydrogen peroxide ; kinetics ; nitrates ; pH ; sulfates ; ultraviolet radiation ; wavelengths ; zinc oxide
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0528
Size	p. 1583-1597.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	120480-4
ISSN	1029-0397 ; 0306-7319 ; 0092-9085
ISSN (online)	1029-0397
ISSN	0306-7319 ; 0092-9085
DOI	10.1080/03067319.2020.1739666
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Article: Exposure to ambient air pollution and socio-economic status on intelligence quotient among schoolchildren in a developing country

Yunesian, Masud / Naddafi, Kazem / Nabizadeh, Ramin / Dobaradaran, Sina / Ziyarati, Mahdi Tanha / Nazmara, Shahrokh / Yekaninejad, Mir Saeed / Mahvi, Amir Hossein

Environmental science and pollution research. 2022 Jan., v. 29, no. 2

2022

Abstract: Evidence suggests the association between ambient airborne particulate matters and children’s IQ and psychological development in the early stages of life. However, data on the relationship between ambient air particulate matters and children’s IQ are ... ...

Abstract	Evidence suggests the association between ambient airborne particulate matters and children’s IQ and psychological development in the early stages of life. However, data on the relationship between ambient air particulate matters and children’s IQ are rare in developing countries and less privileged areas. In this study, the association between PM₁₀ and PM₂.₅ and the IQ of children in different areas were investigated in terms of pollution levels. In 2019, 369 children between the ages of 6 and 8 years old were randomly selected in three regions of southern Iran after screening through a questionnaire. In this study, PM₁₀ and PM₂.₅ were determined using a direct reading device. IQ was surveyed according to Raymond B. Cattell scale I-A. The confounder factors including age, gender, economic conditions, maternal education, and type of delivery were adjusted. The average PM₁₀ in areas with low, medium, and high pollution levels were measured to be 59.14±25.24 μg/m³, 89.7±37.34 μg/m³, and 121.44±43.49 μg/m³, respectively, while PM₂.₅ were found to be 38.97±16.87 μg/m³, 58±23.94 μg/m³, and 84.18±31.32 μg/m³, respectively. The IQ of children in the area with a high pollution was 16.628 lower than that in the area with low pollution (β= 16.628; [95% CI: 13.295 to 19.96]; P ≤ 0.0001). In addition, IQ in the area with high pollution level was found to be 7.48 lower than that in moderate pollution. (β= 7.489; [95% CI: 4.109 to 10.870]; P ≤ 0.0001). Exposure to increased PM₁₀ and PM₂.₅ is associated with decreased IQ in children.
Keywords	air ; air pollution ; education ; gender ; questionnaires ; research ; socioeconomic status ; Iran
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-01
Size	p. 2024-2034.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-021-15827-w
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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