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  1. Article ; Online: Improving coherence of global research funding: Pandemic PACT.

    Norton, Alice / Sigfrid, Louise / Antonio, Emilia / Bucher, Adrian / Ndwandwe, Duduzile

    Lancet (London, England)

    2024  Volume 403, Issue 10433, Page(s) 1233

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00452-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Positioning implementation science in national immunization programmes to improve coverage equity and advance progress toward Immunization Agenda 2030: An urgent global health imperative.

    Adamu, Abdu A / Ndwandwe, Duduzile / Jalo, Rabiu I / Wiysonge, Charles S

    Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

    2024  Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 2331872

    Abstract: Despite the availability of effective vaccines for preventing common childhood infectious diseases, there is still significant disparities in access and utilization across many low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The factors that drive these ... ...

    Abstract Despite the availability of effective vaccines for preventing common childhood infectious diseases, there is still significant disparities in access and utilization across many low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The factors that drive these disparities are often multilevel, originating from individuals, health facilities, health systems and communities, and also multifaceted. Implementation science has emerged as a field to help address "know-do" gaps in health systems, and can play a significant role in strengthening immunization systems to understand and solve implementation barriers that limit access and uptake within their contexts. This article presents a reflexive perspective on how to position implementation research in immunization programmes to improve coverage equity. Furthermore, key points of synergy between implementation research and vaccination are highlighted, and some potential practice changes that can be applied within specific contexts were proposed. Using a human rights lens, it was concluded that the cost that is associated with implementation failure in immunization programmes is significant and unjust, and future directions for implementation research to optimize its application in practice settings have been recommended.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Global Health ; Implementation Science ; Vaccination ; Immunization ; Vaccines ; Immunization Programs
    Chemical Substances Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2664176-8
    ISSN 2164-554X ; 2164-5515
    ISSN (online) 2164-554X
    ISSN 2164-5515
    DOI 10.1080/21645515.2024.2331872
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Assessing the Implementation Determinants of Pilot Malaria Vaccination Programs in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi through a Complexity Lens: A Rapid Review Using a Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.

    Adamu, Abdu A / Jalo, Rabiu I / Ndwandwe, Duduzile / Wiysonge, Charles S

    Vaccines

    2024  Volume 12, Issue 2

    Abstract: In 2019, national immunization programs in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi commenced the implementation of RTS,S/AS01 vaccination in large-scale pilot schemes. Understanding the implementation context of this malaria vaccination in the pilot countries can ... ...

    Abstract In 2019, national immunization programs in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi commenced the implementation of RTS,S/AS01 vaccination in large-scale pilot schemes. Understanding the implementation context of this malaria vaccination in the pilot countries can provide useful insights for enhancing implementation outcomes in new countries. There has not yet been a proper synthesis of the implementation determinants of malaria vaccination programs. A rapid review was conducted to identify the implementation determinants of the pilot malaria vaccination programs in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi, and describe the mechanism by which these determinants interact with each other. A literature search was conducted in November 2023 in PubMed and Google Scholar to identify those studies that described the factors affecting malaria vaccine implementation in Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi. Thirteen studies conducted between 2021 and 2023 were included. A total of 62 implementation determinants of malaria vaccination across all five domains of the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR) were identified. A causal loop diagram showed that these factors are interconnected and interrelated, identifying nine reinforcing loops and two balancing loops. As additional countries in Africa prepare for a malaria vaccine roll-out, it is pertinent to ensure that they have access to adequate information about the implementation context of countries that are already implementing malaria vaccination programs so that they understand the potential barriers and facilitators. This information can be used to inform context-specific systems enhancement to maximize implementation success. Going forward, primary implementation studies that incorporate the causal loop diagram should be integrated into the malaria vaccine implementation program to enable immunization program managers and other key stakeholders to identify and respond to emerging implementation barriers in a timely and systematic manner, to improve overall implementation performance.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2703319-3
    ISSN 2076-393X
    ISSN 2076-393X
    DOI 10.3390/vaccines12020111
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Informal health sector and routine immunization: making the case for harnessing the potentials of patent medicine vendors for the big catch-up to reduce zero-dose children in sub-Saharan Africa.

    Adamu, Abdu A / Jalo, Rabiu I / Ndwandwe, Duduzile / Wiysonge, Charles S

    Frontiers in public health

    2024  Volume 12, Page(s) 1353902

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic caused a surge in the number of unimmunized and under-immunized children in Africa. The majority of unimmunized (or zero-dose) children live in hard-to-reach rural areas, urban slums, and communities affected by conflict where ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic caused a surge in the number of unimmunized and under-immunized children in Africa. The majority of unimmunized (or zero-dose) children live in hard-to-reach rural areas, urban slums, and communities affected by conflict where health facilities are usually unavailable or difficult to access. In these settings, people mostly rely on the informal health sector for essential health services. Therefore, to reduce zero-dose children, it is critical to expand immunization services beyond health facilities to the informal health sector to meet the immunization needs of children in underserved places. In this perspective article, we propose a framework for the expansion of immunization services through the informal health sector as one of the pillars for the big catch-up plan to improve coverage and equity. In African countries like Nigeria, Ethiopia, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, patent medicine vendors serve as an important informal health sector provider group, and thus, they can be engaged to provide immunization services. A hub-and-spoke model can be used to integrate patent medicine vendors into the immunization system. A hub-and-spoke model is a framework for organization design where services that are provided by a central facility (hub) are complimented by secondary sites (spokes) to optimize access to care. Systems thinking approach should guide the design, implementation, and evaluation of this model.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Vaccination ; Immunization ; Nigeria ; Ethiopia
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1353902
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: COVID-19 vaccines.

    Ndwandwe, Duduzile / Wiysonge, Charles S

    Current opinion in immunology

    2021  Volume 71, Page(s) 111–116

    Abstract: COVID-19 is a pandemic of unprecedented proportions in recent human history. Less than 18 months since the onset of the pandemic, there are close to two hundred million confirmed cases and four million deaths worldwide. There have also been massive ... ...

    Abstract COVID-19 is a pandemic of unprecedented proportions in recent human history. Less than 18 months since the onset of the pandemic, there are close to two hundred million confirmed cases and four million deaths worldwide. There have also been massive efforts geared towards finding safe and effective vaccines. By July 2021 there were 184 COVID-19 vaccine candidates in pre-clinical development, 105 in clinical development, and 18 vaccines approved for emergency use by at least one regulatory authority. These vaccines include whole virus live attenuated or inactivated, protein-based, viral vector, and nucleic acid vaccines. By mid-2021 three billion doses of COVID-19 vaccine have been administered around the world, mostly in high-income countries. COVID-19 vaccination provides hope for an end to the pandemic, if and only if there would be equal access and optimal uptake in all countries around the world.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Vaccines, DNA/immunology ; Vaccines, Inactivated/immunology
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccines, DNA ; Vaccines, Inactivated
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1035767-1
    ISSN 1879-0372 ; 0952-7915
    ISSN (online) 1879-0372
    ISSN 0952-7915
    DOI 10.1016/j.coi.2021.07.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Clinical trial registration during COVID-19 and beyond in the African context: what have we learned?

    Mathebula, Lindi / Runeyi, Sinazo / Wiysonge, Charles / Ndwandwe, Duduzile

    Trials

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 460

    Abstract: Since the outbreak of COVID-19, many lives have been impacted especially on the African continent which is already fighting the burden of multiple diseases of poverty. However, clinical research has offered hope for treatment and prevention options for ... ...

    Abstract Since the outbreak of COVID-19, many lives have been impacted especially on the African continent which is already fighting the burden of multiple diseases of poverty. However, clinical research has offered hope for treatment and prevention options for this infectious disease. Despite many COVID-19 clinical trials conducted globally, three countries in Africa account for more than 80% of all trials from the continent registered trials in clinical trial registries. This indicates geographic disparity among COVID-19 research in Africa. From the perspective of clinical trial registration, transparency in clinical research and the availability of data became important for making informed decisions to manage the pandemic. Registries serve as a source of planned, ongoing, and completed trials while allowing efficient funding allocation for research that would not duplicate efforts. Additionally, research gaps can be identified, which provide opportunities for collaboration among researchers. Therefore, a critical lesson learnt during this pandemic is that clinical trial registration is important in facilitating the process of tracking changes made to protocols and minimizing publication bias, thereby promoting and advocating for clinical research transparency. Moreover, registration in a clinical trial registry is a condition for publication and allows for trial summary results to be publicly available. Adhering to the principle of results sharing is especially important for the rapidly growing clinical research activities racing to find evidence-based interventions to end the COVID-19 pandemic.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Publication Bias ; Registries ; Research Personnel
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 2040523-6
    ISSN 1745-6215 ; 1468-6694 ; 1745-6215
    ISSN (online) 1745-6215
    ISSN 1468-6694 ; 1745-6215
    DOI 10.1186/s13063-022-06412-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: COVID-19 vaccine demand protest might have increased vaccine acceptance and uptake in South Africa.

    Mavundza, Edison Johannes / Ndwandwe, Duduzile / Wiysonge, Charles Shey

    Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

    2022  Volume 18, Issue 5, Page(s) 2064691

    Abstract: Safe and efficacious COVID-19 vaccines exist, but their success against the disease depends on public willingness to receive them. Vaccine hesitancy is one major obstacle to the achievement of herd immunity. On 25 June 2021, about 2000 supporters of the ... ...

    Abstract Safe and efficacious COVID-19 vaccines exist, but their success against the disease depends on public willingness to receive them. Vaccine hesitancy is one major obstacle to the achievement of herd immunity. On 25 June 2021, about 2000 supporters of the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) (the third biggest political party in South Africa) marched to the offices of the national regulatory authority (NRA) supporting COVID-19 vaccination and demanding approval of two additional vaccines (Sputnik V and Sinovac) in South Africa. The march was led by EFF leader, Julius Malema. By then, only three COVID-19 vaccines had received emergency use authorization in the country-the Janssen, AstraZeneca and Pfizer-BioNtech vaccines. It is worth noting that NRAs should only approve a vaccine if they are satisfied that its benefits outweigh any potential risks and not through political pressure. Nevertheless, we believe that this march might have increased COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake among EFF supporters. The endorsement of COVID-19 vaccines by Malema, an influential political figure in South Africa, probably convinced some vaccine hesitant South Africans that COVID-19 vaccination is important. Therefore, we suggest vaccine endorsement by influential individuals in South Africa as one of the strategies to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Humans ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; South Africa ; Vaccination ; Vaccines
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines ; Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2664176-8
    ISSN 2164-554X ; 2164-5515
    ISSN (online) 2164-554X
    ISSN 2164-5515
    DOI 10.1080/21645515.2022.2064691
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Rotavirus vaccine clinical trials: a cross-sectional analysis of clinical trials registries.

    Ndwandwe, Duduzile / Runeyi, Sinazo / Mathebula, Lindi / Wiysonge, Charles

    Trials

    2022  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 945

    Abstract: Background: Rotavirus is a primary infectious virus causing childhood diarrhoea and is associated with significant mortality in children. Three African countries (Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Angola) are among the five countries that ... ...

    Abstract Background: Rotavirus is a primary infectious virus causing childhood diarrhoea and is associated with significant mortality in children. Three African countries (Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Angola) are among the five countries that account for 50% of all diarrheal-related deaths worldwide. This indicates that much needs to be done to reduce this burden. The World Health Organization International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP) is a global repository for primary registries reporting on clinical trials. This study aimed to identify and describe planned, ongoing, and completed rotavirus vaccine trials conducted globally.
    Methods: We searched WHO-ICTRP on 17 June 2021 and conducted a cross-sectional analysis of rotavirus studies listed in the database. Data extraction included trial location, participant age, source of the trial record, trial phase, sponsor, and availability of results. We used the Microsoft Excel 365 package to generate descriptive summary statistics.
    Results: We identified 242 rotavirus vaccine trials registered from 2004 to 2020. Most of these trials were registered retrospectively, with only 26% of the rotavirus vaccine trials reporting the availability of results in their registries. Most of the trials are studying children aged less than 5 years. The recruitment status for these trials is currently shown in the WHO-ICTRP as "not recruiting" for 80.17% of trials, "recruiting" for 11.57% of trials recruiting, and unknown for 6.61% of trials. The continents in which these rotavirus vaccine trials have recruitment sites in Asia (41%) and North America (20%), with the maximum number of trials in the clinical trial registries coming from India (21%) and the USA (11%) with most being sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry. Our analysis shows that only 26% of the rotavirus vaccine trials report the availability of results in their registries.
    Conclusions: Mapping rotavirus vaccine clinical trial activity using data from the WHO ICTRP beneficial provides valuable information on planned, ongoing, or completed trials for researchers, funders, and healthcare decision-makers. Despite the high rotavirus disease burden in low- and middle-income countries, including Africa, there is minimal clinical trial activity related to the condition on the continent. The clinical trial registries as a valuable tool to share interim results of the trials.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Rotavirus Vaccines/adverse effects ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Registries ; Nigeria
    Chemical Substances Rotavirus Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2040523-6
    ISSN 1745-6215 ; 1468-6694 ; 1745-6215
    ISSN (online) 1745-6215
    ISSN 1468-6694 ; 1745-6215
    DOI 10.1186/s13063-022-06878-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The impact of DNA methylation as a factor of Adverse Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes (APBOs): a systematic review protocol.

    Moagi, Innocent / Mabasa, Lawrence / Maputle, Sonto Maria / Ndwandwe, Duduzile / Raliphaswa, Ndidzulafhi Selina / Netshikweta, Lizzy Mutshinyalo / Malwela, Thivhulawi / Samie, Amidou

    Systematic reviews

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 4

    Abstract: Background: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation is one of the epigenetic modifications that has gained a lot of interest as a factor influencing fetal programming and as a biomarker for adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes (APBOs). Epidemiological ... ...

    Abstract Background: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation is one of the epigenetic modifications that has gained a lot of interest as a factor influencing fetal programming and as a biomarker for adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes (APBOs). Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that DNA methylation can result in adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes (APBOs) including miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), low birth weight (LBW), sepsis, and preterm birth (PTB), which may later result in diseases in adulthood. However, the mechanism by which DNA methylation influences these APBOs remains unclear. The systematic review will assess the association between global and gene-specific DNA methylation with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
    Method: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 checklist will be followed when conducting this systematic review. To develop the search strategy the PI(E)COS (population, intervention/exposure, comparator/control, outcome, and study designs) framework will be followed. Thus far, the research team has retrieved 4721 from Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Sciences, and MEDLINE. Out of these, 584 studies have been screened for eligibility, and approximately 124 studies meet the inclusion criteria. Pending the search results identified from the grey literature. For identification of unpublished studies in journals indexed in electronic databases, Google Scholar will be used. I.M and A.S will separately extract data from the articles and screen them, if there are any disagreements between I.M and A.S, then the L.M will resolve them. The methodological quality and bias risk of the included studies will be evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Skill Programme CASP) checklist. [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] alpha = 0.10 statistic will be used for assessing statistical heterogeneity between studies. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach will be used to assess and grade the overall quality of extracted data.
    Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required. The systematic review will assess available literature on possible associations between DNA methylation with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes (APBOs) including LBW, IUGR, miscarriage, sepsis, and PTB. The findings could help guide future research assessing DNA methylation and other APBOs.
    Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRCRD42022370647.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Abortion, Spontaneous/genetics ; DNA Methylation/genetics ; Fetal Growth Retardation/genetics ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Premature Birth/genetics ; Sepsis ; Systematic Reviews as Topic ; Research Design
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662257-9
    ISSN 2046-4053 ; 2046-4053
    ISSN (online) 2046-4053
    ISSN 2046-4053
    DOI 10.1186/s13643-023-02416-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Sustainable financing for vaccination towards advancing universal health coverage in the WHO African region: The strategic role of national health insurance.

    Adamu, Abdu A / Jalo, Rabiu I / Muhammad, Ibrahim D / Essoh, Téné-Alima / Ndwandwe, Duduzile / Wiysonge, Charles S

    Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

    2024  Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 2320505

    Abstract: There is a growing political interest in health reforms in Africa, and many countries are choosing national health insurance as their main financing mechanism for universal health coverage. Although vaccination is an essential health service that can ... ...

    Abstract There is a growing political interest in health reforms in Africa, and many countries are choosing national health insurance as their main financing mechanism for universal health coverage. Although vaccination is an essential health service that can influence progress toward universal health coverage, it is not often prioritized by these national health insurance systems. This paper highlights the potential gains of integrating vaccination into the package of health services that is provided through national health insurance and recommends practical policy actions that can enable countries to harness these benefits at population level.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Universal Health Insurance ; Healthcare Financing ; National Health Programs ; Africa ; World Health Organization ; Insurance, Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2664176-8
    ISSN 2164-554X ; 2164-5515
    ISSN (online) 2164-554X
    ISSN 2164-5515
    DOI 10.1080/21645515.2024.2320505
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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