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  1. Article ; Online: Questionnaire Measures of Empathy in Children: A Scoping Review.

    Neary, Philippa

    Assessment

    2022  Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 798–824

    Abstract: Children's unique developmental and contextual needs make it challenging to measure empathy validly and reliably. This scoping review is the first to collate currently available information about self-report, other-report, and performance-based ... ...

    Abstract Children's unique developmental and contextual needs make it challenging to measure empathy validly and reliably. This scoping review is the first to collate currently available information about self-report, other-report, and performance-based questionnaire measures of empathy for children aged up to 11 years. Following the guidelines for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR; Tricco et al., 2018), a literature search using PsycINFO, Scopus, and Google Scholar identified 24 relevant measures of empathy in children, with publication years spanning 1958 to 2019. Questionnaires could broadly be classified into four groups, according to the extent to which they were developed with children's developmental needs and contexts in mind, and were based on contemporary theory and research findings. There was a distinction between performance-based measures, which elicited children's empathy-related responses to novel content and therefore assessed situational state empathy, and self- and other-report measures, which rated children's general empathic tendencies and thus assessed dispositional trait empathy. Results highlighted the importance of researchers having clarity on their definition of empathy and choosing measures consistent with this, and the merit of utilizing a multimodal assessment approach.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Empathy ; Self Report
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Systematic Review ; Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1362144-0
    ISSN 1552-3489 ; 1073-1911
    ISSN (online) 1552-3489
    ISSN 1073-1911
    DOI 10.1177/10731911211069677
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The protective role of phosphodiesterase inhibitors in preventing colorectal cancer and advanced colorectal polyps: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Cullinane, C / Brett, A / Devane, L / McCullough, P W / Cooke, F / Neary, P

    Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland

    2023  Volume 25, Issue 10, Page(s) 1949–1959

    Abstract: Aim: Inflammatory cells within the tumour microenvironment are the driving forces behind colorectal cancer (CRC) tumourigenesis. Understanding the different pathways involved in CRC carcinogenesis paves the way for effective repurposing of drugs for ... ...

    Abstract Aim: Inflammatory cells within the tumour microenvironment are the driving forces behind colorectal cancer (CRC) tumourigenesis. Understanding the different pathways involved in CRC carcinogenesis paves the way for effective repurposing of drugs for cancer prevention. Emerging data from preclinical and clinical studies suggest that, due to their antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory properties, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i) might have an anticancer effect. The aim of this study was to clarify through systematic review and meta-analysis of published peer-reviewed studies whether an association exists between PDE5i use and CRC risk.
    Method: This study was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Prospective registration was performed on PROSPERO (CRD42022372925). A systematic review was performed for studies reporting CRC and advanced colorectal polyp incidence in PDE5i 'ever-users' and PDE5i 'never-users'. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan version 5.
    Results: Four observational cohort studies and two case-control studies, comprising 995 242 patients were included in the final analysis, of whom 347 126 were PDE5i ever-users. Patients who were PDE5i ever-users had a significantly lower incidence of CRC or advanced colorectal polyps than never-users (OR 0.88, CI 0.79-0.98, p = 0.02). To examine the primary preventative role of PDE5i, subgroup analysis of four studies including patients without a previous history of CRC found that use of PDE5i was associated with a lower incidence of CRC (OR 0.85, CI 0.75-0.95, p = 0.005, I
    Conclusion: Our study found a significant anticancer effect of PDE5i, as shown by a reduced risk of CRC in the context of both primary and secondary CRC prevention.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Colonic Polyps/prevention & control ; Prospective Studies ; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Chemical Substances Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1440017-0
    ISSN 1463-1318 ; 1462-8910
    ISSN (online) 1463-1318
    ISSN 1462-8910
    DOI 10.1111/codi.16724
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  3. Article: Neoadjuvant Treatment for Rectal Cancer and Nonoperative Management/Total Neoadjuvant Therapy

    Edwards-Murphy, Amy / Neary, Peter

    Digestive Disease Interventions

    (Colorectal Surgery Issue)

    2023  Volume 07, Issue 01, Page(s) 30–36

    Abstract: Treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer remains one of the most challenging in colorectal surgery. It has had an evolving landscape over the past three decades. This review describes the introduction of total neoadjuvant therapy—a term aimed to ... ...

    Series title Colorectal Surgery Issue
    Abstract Treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer remains one of the most challenging in colorectal surgery. It has had an evolving landscape over the past three decades. This review describes the introduction of total neoadjuvant therapy—a term aimed to describe an approach where both systemic chemotherapy and chemoradiation are administered in the preoperative setting. This novel strategy has come to the fore with the strength of well-documented results of recent trials. Its implementation has begun globally, but long-term outcomes and data analysis to identify optimal schedules are eagerly awaited.
    Keywords total neoadjuvant therapy ; rectal cancer ; total mesorectal excision
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-02
    Publisher Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2472-873X ; 2472-8721
    ISSN (online) 2472-873X
    ISSN 2472-8721
    DOI 10.1055/s-0042-1760371
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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  4. Book ; Online: Physics-Informed Calibration of Aeromagnetic Compensation in Magnetic Navigation Systems using Liquid Time-Constant Networks

    Nerrise, Favour / Sosanya, Andrew Sosa / Neary, Patrick

    2024  

    Abstract: Magnetic navigation (MagNav) is a rising alternative to the Global Positioning System (GPS) and has proven useful for aircraft navigation. Traditional aircraft navigation systems, while effective, face limitations in precision and reliability in certain ... ...

    Abstract Magnetic navigation (MagNav) is a rising alternative to the Global Positioning System (GPS) and has proven useful for aircraft navigation. Traditional aircraft navigation systems, while effective, face limitations in precision and reliability in certain environments and against attacks. Airborne MagNav leverages the Earth's magnetic field to provide accurate positional information. However, external magnetic fields induced by aircraft electronics and Earth's large-scale magnetic fields disrupt the weaker signal of interest. We introduce a physics-informed approach using Tolles-Lawson coefficients for compensation and Liquid Time-Constant Networks (LTCs) to remove complex, noisy signals derived from the aircraft's magnetic sources. Using real flight data with magnetometer measurements and aircraft measurements, we observe up to a 64% reduction in aeromagnetic compensation error (RMSE nT), outperforming conventional models. This significant improvement underscores the potential of a physics-informed, machine learning approach for extracting clean, reliable, and accurate magnetic signals for MagNav positional estimation.

    Comment: Accepted at the NeurIPS 2023 Machine Learning and the Physical Sciences workshop, 7 pages, 4 figures, see code here: https://github.com/fnerrise/LNNs_MagNav/
    Keywords Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control ; Physics - Computational Physics ; Physics - Geophysics
    Subject code 621
    Publishing date 2024-01-17
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: Stage IV jejunal adenocarcinoma: a multimodal therapeutic success story.

    Seomangal, Karishma / Neary, Paul

    Journal of surgical case reports

    2019  Volume 2019, Issue 8, Page(s) rjz239

    Abstract: Small bowel adenocarcinoma is rare with an incidence of 2.6 in 100 000 patients. Diagnosis is often fortuitous and usually presents late. We present the case of a 36-year-old male who attended the emergency department with worsening abdominal discomfort. ...

    Abstract Small bowel adenocarcinoma is rare with an incidence of 2.6 in 100 000 patients. Diagnosis is often fortuitous and usually presents late. We present the case of a 36-year-old male who attended the emergency department with worsening abdominal discomfort. A computed tomography scan showed high-grade jejunal obstruction secondary to a jejunal mass suspicious for carcinoma with disseminated peritoneal carcinomatosis and hepatic metastases. Following a conservative approach, his obstruction settled. He commenced on a total of 12 cycles of FOLFOX (folinic acid, fluorouracil and oxaliplatin) and bevacizumab. After re-presenting with intermittent intussusception, a decision for surgical resection was made. On laparoscopy, there was no evidence of hepatic metastases or peritoneal carcinomatosis. A jejunal resection was carried out with an uneventful postoperative period. The patient remains disease free. Despite presenting with an advanced stage, a multimodal approach to these rare tumors may yield surprising and optimistic outcomes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 2042-8812
    ISSN 2042-8812
    DOI 10.1093/jscr/rjz239
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  6. Article: Ileo-ileal intussusception due to inflammatory fibroid polyp: a rare cause of small bowel obstruction in adults.

    Saeed, Rafeh / Hassan, Mekki / Tul-Zahra, Fatima / Neary, Peter

    Journal of surgical case reports

    2022  Volume 2022, Issue 6, Page(s) rjac303

    Abstract: Intussusception in adults is a relatively uncommon occurrence for a cause of bowel obstruction, which can present acutely, chronically or in an acute on chronic fashion. It is clinically concerning because of the possibility of cancer acting as a lead ... ...

    Abstract Intussusception in adults is a relatively uncommon occurrence for a cause of bowel obstruction, which can present acutely, chronically or in an acute on chronic fashion. It is clinically concerning because of the possibility of cancer acting as a lead point. Small bowel tumours are rare, mostly detected incidentally with small bowel obstruction. Inflammatory fibroid polyp (IFP) is a rare benign tumour of the small bowel, either detected incidentally on imaging or endoscopy carried out for other reasons, or presents with acute features. We present a case of small bowel intussusception caused by IFP within the distal third of the ileum as a leading point. The patient presented acutely with small bowel obstruction, on a background of recurrent non-specific abdominal pain over the preceding month, and the computed tomography scan revealed an intussusception that was timely managed with a laparoscopy-assisted small bowel segmental resection.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2580919-2
    ISSN 2042-8812
    ISSN 2042-8812
    DOI 10.1093/jscr/rjac303
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  7. Article ; Online: Efferent limb stimulation prior to loop ileostomy closure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Lloyd, A J / Hardy, N P / Jordan, P / Ryan, E J / Whelan, M / Clancy, C / O'Riordan, J / Kavanagh, D O / Neary, P / Sahebally, S M

    Techniques in coloproctology

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 1, Page(s) 15

    Abstract: Background: Postoperative ileus (POI) remains a common phenomenon following loop ileostomy closure. Our aim was to determine whether preoperative physiological stimulation (PPS) of the efferent limb reduced POI incidence.: Methods: A PRISMA-compliant ...

    Abstract Background: Postoperative ileus (POI) remains a common phenomenon following loop ileostomy closure. Our aim was to determine whether preoperative physiological stimulation (PPS) of the efferent limb reduced POI incidence.
    Methods: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis searching PubMed, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases was performed. The last search was carried out on 30 January 2023. All randomized studies comparing PPS versus no stimulation were included. The primary endpoint was POI incidence. Secondary endpoints included the time to first passage of flatus/stool, time to resume oral diet, need for nasogastric tube (NGT) placement postoperatively, length of stay (LOS) and other complications. Random effects models were used to calculate pooled effect size estimates. Trial sequential analyses (TSA) were also performed.
    Results: Three randomized studies capturing 235 patients (116 PPS, 119 no stimulation) were included. On random effects analysis, PPS was associated with a quicker time to resume oral diet (MD - 1.47 days, 95% CI - 2.75 to - 0.19, p = 0.02), shorter LOS (MD - 1.47 days, 95% CI - 2.47 to - 0.46, p = 0.004) (MD - 1.41 days, 95% CI - 2.32 to - 0.50, p = 0.002, I2 = 56%) and fewer other complications (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.01, p = 0.05). However, there was no difference in POI incidence (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.10 to 1.21, p = 0.10), the requirement for NGT placement (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.21 to 1.20, p = 0.12) or time to first passage of flatus/stool (MD - 0.60 days, 95% CI - 1.95 to 0.76, p = 0.39). TSA revealed imprecise estimates for all outcomes (except LOS) and further studies are warranted to meet the required information threshold.
    Conclusions: PPS prior to stoma closure may reduce LOS and postoperative complications albeit without a demonstrable beneficial effect on POI. Further high-powered studies are required to confirm or refute these findings.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Ileostomy/adverse effects ; Flatulence/complications ; Postoperative Complications/etiology ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control ; Ileus/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-14
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2083309-X
    ISSN 1128-045X ; 1123-6337
    ISSN (online) 1128-045X
    ISSN 1123-6337
    DOI 10.1007/s10151-023-02875-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 5842: Show issues Location:
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  8. Book ; Online: International trade in general oligopolistic equilibrium

    Neary, Peter

    (Department of Economics discussion paper series / University of Oxford ; number 769)

    2015  

    Author's details Peter Neary
    Series title Department of Economics discussion paper series / University of Oxford ; number 769
    Language English
    Size 1 Online-Ressource (48 Seiten)
    Publisher University of Oxford, Department of Economics
    Publishing place Oxford
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  9. Article: A fundamental change emerging in locally advanced rectal cancer management: a case report.

    Edwards-Murphy, Amy / Earley, Helen / Creavin, Ben / McCullough, Peter / Cooke, Fiachra / Neary, Peter

    Journal of surgical case reports

    2022  Volume 2022, Issue 9, Page(s) rjac405

    Abstract: Treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer remains a challenge in colorectal surgery. It has had an evolving landscape over the past three decades. Implementation of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) as a novel approach to management has begun globally ... ...

    Abstract Treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer remains a challenge in colorectal surgery. It has had an evolving landscape over the past three decades. Implementation of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) as a novel approach to management has begun globally but long-term outcomes and data analysis to identify optimal schedules are eagerly awaited. We report a case of locally advanced rectal cancer management in a young male with a complete pathological response to TNT.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2580919-2
    ISSN 2042-8812
    ISSN 2042-8812
    DOI 10.1093/jscr/rjac405
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  10. Article ; Online: Single port laparoscopic subtotal colectomy: A Video Vignette.

    Abdelgadir, Alwaleed / Neary, Peter / Flanagan, Michael / McCullough, Peter / Cooke, Fiachra

    Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland

    2022  Volume 24, Issue 5, Page(s) 673

    MeSH term(s) Colectomy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Video-Audio Media
    ZDB-ID 1440017-0
    ISSN 1463-1318 ; 1462-8910
    ISSN (online) 1463-1318
    ISSN 1462-8910
    DOI 10.1111/codi.16077
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