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  1. Article ; Online: Perceived Stress, Blood Biomarkers, and Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults.

    Desai, Pankaja / Ng, Ted K S / Krueger, Kristin R / Wilson, Robert S / Evans, Denis A / Rajan, Kumar B

    Psychosomatic medicine

    2024  

    Abstract: Introduction: There is a substantial gap in knowledge regarding how perceived stress may influence the relationship between serum-measured biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline.: Methods: This study consists of 1,118 older adult ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: There is a substantial gap in knowledge regarding how perceived stress may influence the relationship between serum-measured biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline.
    Methods: This study consists of 1,118 older adult participants from the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP) (60% Black participants and 63% female participants). Linear mixed effects regression models were conducted to examine the role of perceived stress in the association between three blood biomarkers: total tau (t-tau), glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) on global cognitive decline. Stratified analysis by stress level was also conducted to evaluate the associations between each blood biomarker and baseline cognitive function and decline. All models adjusted for age, race, sex, education, time, and their interactions with time.
    Results: The interaction of stress, NfL concentration, and time was statistically significant on global cognition (β = -0.064 (SE = 0.028), p-value = 0.023) and on episodic memory (β = -0.097 (SE = 0.036), p-value = 0.007).
    Conclusions: Greater stress level worsens the association between high NfL concentration and cognitive decline. Stress management interventions may be helpful to reduce rate of cognitive decline in individuals with high concentrations of NfL.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3469-1
    ISSN 1534-7796 ; 0033-3174
    ISSN (online) 1534-7796
    ISSN 0033-3174
    DOI 10.1097/PSY.0000000000001317
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Biomarkers of glucose homeostasis as mediators of the relationship of body mass index and waist circumference with COVID-19 outcomes among postmenopausal women: The Women's Health Initiative.

    Beydoun, Hind A / Ng, Ted K S / Beydoun, May A / Shadyab, Aladdin H / Jung, Su Yon / Costanian, Christy / Saquib, Nazmus / Ikramuddin, Farha S / Pan, Kathy / Zonderman, Alan B / Manson, JoAnn E

    Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)

    2023  Volume 42, Issue 9, Page(s) 1690–1700

    Abstract: Background & aims: Systematic reviews, meta-analyses and Mendelian randomization studies suggest that cardiometabolic diseases may be associated with COVID-19 risk and prognosis, with evidence implicating insulin resistance (IR) as a common biological ... ...

    Abstract Background & aims: Systematic reviews, meta-analyses and Mendelian randomization studies suggest that cardiometabolic diseases may be associated with COVID-19 risk and prognosis, with evidence implicating insulin resistance (IR) as a common biological mechanism. As driving factors for IR, we examined body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) among postmenopausal women in association with COVID-19 outcomes (positivity and hospitalization), and the role of glucose homeostasis as a mediator of this relationship.
    Methods: Associations of BMI and WC at baseline (1993-1998) with COVID-19 outcomes collected at Survey 1 (June-December, 2020) and/or Survey 2 (September-December, 2021) were evaluated among 42,770 Women's Health Initiative (WHI) participants (baseline age: 59.36 years) of whom 16,526 self-reported having taken ≥1 COVID-19 test, with 1242 reporting ≥1 positive COVID-19 test and 362 reporting ≥1 COVID-19 hospitalization. We applied logistic regression and causal mediation analyses to sub-samples with available fasting biomarkers of glucose homeostasis (glucose, insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, Homeostasis Model Assessment for β-cell function, Quantitative Insulin-sensitivity Check Index, Triglyceride-Glucose index (TyG)) at baseline, whereby 57 of 759 reported COVID-19 test positivity and 23 of 1896 reported COVID-19 hospitalization.
    Results: In fully adjusted models, higher BMI, WC and TyG were associated with COVID-19 test positivity and hospitalization. Glucose concentrations mediated associations of BMI and WC with COVID-19 positivity, whereas TyG mediated BMI and WC's associations with COVID-19 hospitalization.
    Conclusions: Obesity and central obesity markers collected an average of 24 years prior were associated with COVID-19 outcomes among postmenopausal women. Glucose concentration and TyG partly mediated these associations.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Waist Circumference/physiology ; Insulin Resistance ; Body Mass Index ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Postmenopause ; COVID-19 ; Glucose ; Insulin ; Women's Health ; Biomarkers ; Obesity ; Homeostasis ; Triglycerides ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Blood Glucose ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2) ; Insulin ; Biomarkers ; Triglycerides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
    ZDB-ID 604812-2
    ISSN 1532-1983 ; 0261-5614
    ISSN (online) 1532-1983
    ISSN 0261-5614
    DOI 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.07.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: The structural and social determinants of Alzheimer's disease related dementias.

    Adkins-Jackson, Paris B / George, Kristen M / Besser, Lilah M / Hyun, Jinshil / Lamar, Melissa / Hill-Jarrett, Tanisha G / Bubu, Omonigho M / Flatt, Jason D / Heyn, Patricia C / Cicero, Ethan C / Zarina Kraal, A / Pushpalata Zanwar, Preeti / Peterson, Rachel / Kim, Boeun / Turner, Robert W / Viswanathan, Jaya / Kulick, Erin R / Zuelsdorff, Megan / Stites, Shana D /
    Arce Rentería, Miguel / Tsoy, Elena / Seblova, Dominika / Ng, Ted K S / Manly, Jennifer J / Babulal, Ganesh

    Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 7, Page(s) 3171–3185

    Abstract: Introduction: The projected growth of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementia (ADRD) cases by midcentury has expanded the research field and impelled new lines of inquiry into structural and social determinants of health (S/SDOH) as fundamental ...

    Abstract Introduction: The projected growth of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementia (ADRD) cases by midcentury has expanded the research field and impelled new lines of inquiry into structural and social determinants of health (S/SDOH) as fundamental drivers of disparities in AD/ADRD.
    Methods: In this review, we employ Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory as a framework to posit how S/SDOH impact AD/ADRD risk and outcomes.
    Results: Bronfenbrenner defined the "macrosystem" as the realm of power (structural) systems that drive S/SDOH and that are the root cause of health disparities. These root causes have been discussed little to date in relation to AD/ADRD, and thus, macrosystem influences, such as racism, classism, sexism, and homophobia, are the emphasis in this paper.
    Discussion: Under Bronfenbrenner's macrosystem framework, we highlight key quantitative and qualitative studies linking S/SDOH with AD/ADRD, identify scientific gaps in the literature, and propose guidance for future research.
    Highlights: Ecological systems theory links structural/social determinants to AD/ADRD. Structural/social determinants accrue and interact over the life course to impact AD/ADRD. Macrosystem is made up of societal norms, beliefs, values, and practices (e.g., laws). Most macro-level determinants have been understudied in the AD/ADRD literature.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Alzheimer Disease ; Dementia ; Social Determinants of Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2211627-8
    ISSN 1552-5279 ; 1552-5260
    ISSN (online) 1552-5279
    ISSN 1552-5260
    DOI 10.1002/alz.13027
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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