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Article ; Online: Introducing the Rising Stars of GeoHealth.

Nguyen, Thanh H

GeoHealth

2024 Volume 8, Issue 5, Page(s) e2024GH001053

Abstract: Early career researchers often asked me: how I became the editor-in-chief, what editors, associate editors, and editors do, why I wanted to become an editor, how much time an editor committed, would I rather spend more time on my research and publish ... ...

Abstract	Early career researchers often asked me: how I became the editor-in-chief, what editors, associate editors, and editors do, why I wanted to become an editor, how much time an editor committed, would I rather spend more time on my research and publish another paper or my personal life? All of these questions make sense. When I started as an assistant professor nearly 20 years ago, I did not plan to become an editor; I wanted to do my research and teach to achieve tenure. Sound familiar? Fortunately, I was gradually pulled into the publishing process not as an author but as a reviewer, associate editor, and eventually editor-in-chief by several senior colleagues, for whom I am forever grateful. Now, it is my turn to prepare the next generation of editors, the backbone of science.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial
ISSN	2471-1403
ISSN (online)	2471-1403
DOI	10.1029/2024GH001053
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Article: Evaluation of woodchips-amended biosand filter for nitrate and MS2 bacteriophage reduction.

Jang, Chunhwa / Zhou, Hongxu / Araud, Elbashir / Nguyen, Thanh H / Bhattarai, Rabin

Journal of water and health

2024 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 138–146

Abstract: In this study, two types of woodchip-amended biosand filters (Filter A sand: woodchip = 33%: 67% versus Filter B sand: woodchip = 50%: 50%, by volume) were constructed, and their abilities to remove MS2 bacteriophage and nitrate were investigated. The ... ...

Abstract	In this study, two types of woodchip-amended biosand filters (Filter A sand: woodchip = 33%: 67% versus Filter B sand: woodchip = 50%: 50%, by volume) were constructed, and their abilities to remove MS2 bacteriophage and nitrate were investigated. The results indicated that Filter A and Filter B could reduce nitrate up to 40 and 36%, respectively, indicating that the nitrate reduction increased with the increase in woodchip proportion. The study underscores a positive correlation between nitrate reduction and proportional increase in woodchip content, implying the potential for fine-tuning nitrate removal by varying sand-woodchip compositions. W-BSFs could remove MS2 bacteriophage to 1.91-log10 (98.8%) by Filter A and 1.88-log10 (98.7%) by Filter B over 39 weeks. The difference in sand-woodchip proportion did not significantly impact the MS2 reduction, demonstrating that a single W-BSF can maintain its virus removal performance fairly well over a long-term period. These results indicated that the nitrate reduction could be adjusted by varying sand-woodchip contents without impacting virus removal performance. Microbial community analysis indicated that the nitrate removal by the W-BSFs could be attributed to the denitrifying bacteria, such as the family Streptomycetaceae, the genera Pseudomonas, and Bacillus, and relative abundances of the phylum Nitrospirae.
MeSH term(s)	Nitrates ; Sand ; Levivirus ; Bacteria ; Bacillus ; Bioreactors
Chemical Substances	Nitrates ; Sand
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2123845-5
ISSN	1996-7829 ; 1477-8920
ISSN (online)	1996-7829
ISSN	1477-8920
DOI	10.2166/wh.2023.117
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Book ; Online: The Art of Manipulation

Nguyen, Thanh H. / Sinha, Arunesh

Threat of Multi-Step Manipulative Attacks in Security Games

2022

Abstract: This paper studies the problem of multi-step manipulative attacks in Stackelberg security games, in which a clever attacker attempts to orchestrate its attacks over multiple time steps to mislead the defender's learning of the attacker's behavior. This ... ...

Abstract	This paper studies the problem of multi-step manipulative attacks in Stackelberg security games, in which a clever attacker attempts to orchestrate its attacks over multiple time steps to mislead the defender's learning of the attacker's behavior. This attack manipulation eventually influences the defender's patrol strategy towards the attacker's benefit. Previous work along this line of research only focuses on one-shot games in which the defender learns the attacker's behavior and then designs a corresponding strategy only once. Our work, on the other hand, investigates the long-term impact of the attacker's manipulation in which current attack and defense choices of players determine the future learning and patrol planning of the defender. This paper has three key contributions. First, we introduce a new multi-step manipulative attack game model that captures the impact of sequential manipulative attacks carried out by the attacker over the entire time horizon. Second, we propose a new algorithm to compute an optimal manipulative attack plan for the attacker, which tackles the challenge of multiple connected optimization components involved in the computation across multiple time steps. Finally, we present extensive experimental results on the impact of such misleading attacks, showing a significant benefit for the attacker and loss for the defender.
Keywords	Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory
Subject code	303
Publishing date	2022-02-27
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: Impairment of Anti-Aggregatory Responses to Nitric Oxide and Prostacyclin: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications in Cardiovascular Disease.

Chirkov, Yuliy Y / Nguyen, Thanh H / Horowitz, John D

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 3

Abstract: The propensity towards platelet-rich thrombus formation increases substantially during normal ageing, and this trend is mediated by decreases in platelet responsiveness to the anti-aggregatory nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin ( ... ...

Abstract	The propensity towards platelet-rich thrombus formation increases substantially during normal ageing, and this trend is mediated by decreases in platelet responsiveness to the anti-aggregatory nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin (PGI
MeSH term(s)	Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism ; Cardiovascular Diseases/complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases/metabolism ; Drug Resistance ; Epoprostenol/metabolism ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Signal Transduction ; Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase/metabolism ; Thromboembolism/etiology ; Thromboembolism/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Epoprostenol (DCR9Z582X0) ; Adenylyl Cyclases (EC 4.6.1.1) ; Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase (EC 4.6.1.2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms23031042
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Article: Quantification of pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes in backyard and commercial composts

Mao, Yuqing / Akdeniz, Neslihan / Nguyen, Thanh H.

Science of the total environment. 2021 Nov. 25, v. 797

2021

Abstract: Compost is widely used for gardening. Growers can choose to buy compost from markets or make compost at home. Potential exposure of users to pathogens through composting includes ingesting foodborne pathogens and inhaling airborne pathogens. This study ... ...

Abstract	Compost is widely used for gardening. Growers can choose to buy compost from markets or make compost at home. Potential exposure of users to pathogens through composting includes ingesting foodborne pathogens and inhaling airborne pathogens. This study compared the abundances of the genetic markers of five opportunistic foodborne and airborne pathogens in the backyard and commercial composts, as well as an immature swine mortality compost. We found that ttrC of Salmonella enterica and ftsZ of Escherichia coli were absent from all ready-to-use compost samples. In contrast, the genes of airborne pathogens such as groEL2 of Mycobacterium spp., mip of Legionella pneumophila, and gyrB of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected in the backyard and commercial composts. The groEL2 gene of Mycobacterium spp. was detected in all samples, including the control soil. The abundance of gyrB of P. aeruginosa was high in the two backyard composts, and it was higher than those in any other compost samples. The relative abundances of ARGs were significantly lower in backyard composts than commercial composts. We found that ftsZ of E. coli co-existed with multiple single-drug resistant ARGs in the immature swine mortality compost. We also found that mip of L. pneumophila and gyrB of P. aeruginosa co-existed with aminoglycoside resistance genes. Our findings suggest that inhaling airborne pathogens may carry more risk than ingesting foodborne pathogens when applying composts.
Keywords	Escherichia coli ; Legionella pneumophila ; Mycobacterium ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Salmonella enterica ; aminoglycosides ; antibiotic resistance ; composts ; environment ; mortality ; risk ; soil ; swine
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1125
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149197
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Influence of point-of-use filters and stagnation on water quality at a preschool and under laboratory conditions.

Clark, Gemma G / Pan, Weiyi / Giammar, Daniel E / Nguyen, Thanh H

Water research

2022 Volume 211, Page(s) 118034

Abstract: A local preschool installed NSF/ANSI 42 and 53 certified point-of-use (POU) filters in its classroom sinks and drinking fountains to protect children from the possibility of elevated lead (Pb) levels in drinking water. We examined the effects of these ... ...

Abstract	A local preschool installed NSF/ANSI 42 and 53 certified point-of-use (POU) filters in its classroom sinks and drinking fountains to protect children from the possibility of elevated lead (Pb) levels in drinking water. We examined the effects of these filters during flowing water and immediately following stagnation periods on Pb, chlorine, and bacterial concentrations in the field and the laboratory. Before and after typical school stagnation periods, we collected samples from filtered classroom sinks, a filtered drinking fountain and nearby unfiltered sinks for a year. No unfiltered samples exceeded Illinois State limits of 5 µg/L for Pb in pre-K through 5th grade schools. However, following stagnation periods as short as overnight (14.5 h), over half of post-stagnation filtered samples from classroom sinks exceeded 5 µg/L while post-stagnation unfiltered samples remained below 5 µg/L. Laboratory testing showed no significant increases in Pb with stagnation, suggesting that the preschool classrooms may have had Pb-bearing plumbing downstream of the filters which released Pb into the filtered drinking water. The filters effectively removed free chlorine (99% decrease) in both the preschool and laboratory. Installing the filters had the unintended consequence of significantly increasing the bacterial concentrations (as measured by qPCR) in the preschool's drinking water and in laboratory filter effluent. Legionella pneumophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Mycobacterium spp. were not detected in pre-stagnation unfiltered and post-stagnation filtered samples. These results suggest that the installation of POU filters be considered as one component of an overall strategy to decrease Pb concentrations in school drinking water that holistically considers the premise plumbing system. A 5-minute flush significantly decreased concentrations of Pb and bacteria in filtered sinks. Replacing Pb-bearing plumbing components downstream of a POU filter may also be needed to combat Pb levels in drinking water.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drinking Water ; Humans ; Laboratories ; Legionella pneumophila ; Sanitary Engineering ; Schools ; Water Microbiology ; Water Quality ; Water Supply
Chemical Substances	Drinking Water
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	202613-2
ISSN	1879-2448 ; 0043-1354
ISSN (online)	1879-2448
ISSN	0043-1354
DOI	10.1016/j.watres.2021.118034
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Article ; Online: RT-LAMP as Diagnostic Tool for Influenza-A Virus Detection in Swine.

Storms, Suzanna M / Shisler, Joanna / Nguyen, Thanh H / Zuckermann, Federico A / Lowe, James F

Veterinary sciences

2023 Volume 10, Issue 3

Abstract: Point-of-care diagnostic technologies are becoming more widely available for production species. Here, we describe the application of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) to detect the matrix (M) gene of influenza A ... ...

Abstract	Point-of-care diagnostic technologies are becoming more widely available for production species. Here, we describe the application of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) to detect the matrix (M) gene of influenza A virus in swine (IAV-S). M-specific LAMP primers were designed based on M gene sequences from IAV-S isolated in the USA between 2017 and 2020. The LAMP assay was incubated at 65 °C for 30 min, with the fluorescent signal read every 20 s. The assay's limit of detection (LOD) was 20 M gene copies for direct LAMP of the matrix gene standard, and 100 M gene copies when using spiked extraction kits. The LOD was 1000 M genes when using cell culture samples. Detection in clinical samples showed a sensitivity of 94.3% and a specificity of 94.9%. These results show that the influenza M gene RT-LAMP assay can detect the presence of IAV in research laboratory conditions. With the appropriate fluorescent reader and heat block, the assay could be quickly validated as a low-cost, rapid, IAV-S screening tool for use on farms or in clinical diagnostic labs.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2768971-2
ISSN	2306-7381 ; 2306-7381
ISSN (online)	2306-7381
ISSN	2306-7381
DOI	10.3390/vetsci10030220
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Article ; Online: Portable, single nucleotide polymorphism-specific duplex assay for virus surveillance in wastewater.

Oh, Chamteut / Xun, Guanhua / Lane, Stephan Thomas / Petrov, Vassily Andrew / Zhao, Huimin / Nguyen, Thanh H

The Science of the total environment

2023 Volume 912, Page(s) 168701

Abstract: The Argonaute protein from the archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus (PfAgo) is a DNA-guided nuclease that targets DNA with any sequence. We designed a virus detection assay in which the PfAgo enzyme cleaves the reporter probe, thus generating fluorescent signals ...

Abstract	The Argonaute protein from the archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus (PfAgo) is a DNA-guided nuclease that targets DNA with any sequence. We designed a virus detection assay in which the PfAgo enzyme cleaves the reporter probe, thus generating fluorescent signals when amplicons from a reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay contain target sequences. We confirmed that the RT-LAMP-PfAgo assay for the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant produced significantly higher fluorescent signals (p < 0.001) when a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), exclusive to the Delta variant, was present, compared to the samples without the SNP. Additionally, the duplex assay for Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMOV) and SARS-CoV-2 detection produced specific fluorescent signals (FAM or ROX) only when the corresponding sequences were present. Furthermore, the RT-LAMP-PfAgo assay does not require dilution to reduce the impact of environmental inhibitors. The limit of detection of the PMMOV assay, determined with 30 wastewater samples, was 28 gc/μL, with a 95 % confidence interval of [11,103]. Finally, using a point-of-use device, the RT-LAMP-PfAgo assay successfully detected PMMOV in wastewater samples. Based on our findings, we conclude that the RT-LAMP-PfAgo assay can be used as a portable, SNP-specific duplex assay, which will significantly improve virus surveillance in wastewater.
MeSH term(s)	Wastewater ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; DNA
Chemical Substances	Wastewater ; DNA (9007-49-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-20
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168701
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Article ; Online: Quantification of pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes in backyard and commercial composts.

Mao, Yuqing / Akdeniz, Neslihan / Nguyen, Thanh H

The Science of the total environment

2021 Volume 797, Page(s) 149197

Abstract	Compost is widely used for gardening. Growers can choose to buy compost from markets or make compost at home. Potential exposure of users to pathogens through composting includes ingesting foodborne pathogens and inhaling airborne pathogens. This study compared the abundances of the genetic markers of five opportunistic foodborne and airborne pathogens in the backyard and commercial composts, as well as an immature swine mortality compost. We found that ttrC of Salmonella enterica and ftsZ of Escherichia coli were absent from all ready-to-use compost samples. In contrast, the genes of airborne pathogens such as groEL2 of Mycobacterium spp., mip of Legionella pneumophila, and gyrB of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected in the backyard and commercial composts. The groEL2 gene of Mycobacterium spp. was detected in all samples, including the control soil. The abundance of gyrB of P. aeruginosa was high in the two backyard composts, and it was higher than those in any other compost samples. The relative abundances of ARGs were significantly lower in backyard composts than commercial composts. We found that ftsZ of E. coli co-existed with multiple single-drug resistant ARGs in the immature swine mortality compost. We also found that mip of L. pneumophila and gyrB of P. aeruginosa co-existed with aminoglycoside resistance genes. Our findings suggest that inhaling airborne pathogens may carry more risk than ingesting foodborne pathogens when applying composts.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Composting ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Manure ; Soil ; Soil Microbiology ; Swine
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Manure ; Soil
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-21
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149197
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Article ; Online: Influence of phosphate on bacterial release from activated carbon point-of-use filters and on biofilm characteristics.

Clark, Gemma G / Geisler, Dietrich / Coey, Evan J / Pollitz, Lance J / Zaki, Farzana R / Huang, Conghui / Boppart, Stephen A / Nguyen, Thanh H

The Science of the total environment

2024 Volume 914, Page(s) 169932

Abstract: Point-of-use (POU) filters certified to remove lead are often composed of activated carbon and have been shown to release high concentrations of bacteria, including opportunistic pathogens. In this study, we examine the impacts of the common corrosion ... ...

Abstract	Point-of-use (POU) filters certified to remove lead are often composed of activated carbon and have been shown to release high concentrations of bacteria, including opportunistic pathogens. In this study, we examine the impacts of the common corrosion inhibitor phosphate on biofilm characteristics and the relationship between biofilm structure and bacterial release from POU filters. This knowledge is essential for understanding how best to use the filters and where these filters fit in a system where other lead contamination prevention measures may be in place. We measured the bacterial release from activated carbon POU filters fed with groundwater - a common source of drinking water - with and without phosphate. We used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to quantitatively characterize biofilm growing on activated carbon filter material in which the biofilms were fed groundwater with and without phosphate. Phosphate filters released significantly less (57-87 %) bacteria than groundwater filters, and phosphate biofilms (median thickness: 82-331 μm) grew to be significantly thicker than groundwater biofilms (median thickness: 122-221 μm). The phosphate biofilm roughness ranged from 97 to 142 % of the groundwater biofilm roughness and was significantly greater in most weeks. Phosphate biofilms also had fewer pores per biofilm volume and shorter channels connecting those pores.
MeSH term(s)	Charcoal ; Phosphates ; Bacteria ; Drinking Water/chemistry ; Biofilms
Chemical Substances	Charcoal (16291-96-6) ; Phosphates ; Drinking Water
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-08
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169932
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