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  1. Article ; Online: Development of a Two-Photon-Responsive Chromophore, 2-(

    Nguyen, Tuan Phong / Nguyen, Hai Dang / Abe, Manabu

    The Journal of organic chemistry

    2024  Volume 89, Issue 7, Page(s) 4691–4701

    Abstract: Photoremovable protecting groups (PPGs) are powerful tools that are widely used to investigate biological events in cells. An important requirement for PPGs is the efficient release of bioactive molecules by using visible to near-infrared light in the ... ...

    Abstract Photoremovable protecting groups (PPGs) are powerful tools that are widely used to investigate biological events in cells. An important requirement for PPGs is the efficient release of bioactive molecules by using visible to near-infrared light in the biological window (650-1350 nm). In this study, we report a new two-photon (2P)-responsive PPG, 2-(
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 123490-0
    ISSN 1520-6904 ; 0022-3263
    ISSN (online) 1520-6904
    ISSN 0022-3263
    DOI 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02943
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book ; Online: Materialized Knowledge Bases from Commonsense Transformers

    Nguyen, Tuan-Phong / Razniewski, Simon

    2021  

    Abstract: Starting from the COMET methodology by Bosselut et al. (2019), generating commonsense knowledge directly from pre-trained language models has recently received significant attention. Surprisingly, up to now no materialized resource of commonsense ... ...

    Abstract Starting from the COMET methodology by Bosselut et al. (2019), generating commonsense knowledge directly from pre-trained language models has recently received significant attention. Surprisingly, up to now no materialized resource of commonsense knowledge generated this way is publicly available. This paper fills this gap, and uses the materialized resources to perform a detailed analysis of the potential of this approach in terms of precision and recall. Furthermore, we identify common problem cases, and outline use cases enabled by materialized resources. We posit that the availability of these resources is important for the advancement of the field, as it enables an off-the-shelf-use of the resulting knowledge, as well as further analyses on its strengths and weaknesses.

    Comment: 7 pages, accepted to CSRR workshop @ ACL 2022
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Publishing date 2021-12-29
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Book ; Online: Extracting Cultural Commonsense Knowledge at Scale

    Nguyen, Tuan-Phong / Razniewski, Simon / Varde, Aparna / Weikum, Gerhard

    2022  

    Abstract: Structured knowledge is important for many AI applications. Commonsense knowledge, which is crucial for robust human-centric AI, is covered by a small number of structured knowledge projects. However, they lack knowledge about human traits and behaviors ... ...

    Abstract Structured knowledge is important for many AI applications. Commonsense knowledge, which is crucial for robust human-centric AI, is covered by a small number of structured knowledge projects. However, they lack knowledge about human traits and behaviors conditioned on socio-cultural contexts, which is crucial for situative AI. This paper presents CANDLE, an end-to-end methodology for extracting high-quality cultural commonsense knowledge (CCSK) at scale. CANDLE extracts CCSK assertions from a huge web corpus and organizes them into coherent clusters, for 3 domains of subjects (geography, religion, occupation) and several cultural facets (food, drinks, clothing, traditions, rituals, behaviors). CANDLE includes judicious techniques for classification-based filtering and scoring of interestingness. Experimental evaluations show the superiority of the CANDLE CCSK collection over prior works, and an extrinsic use case demonstrates the benefits of CCSK for the GPT-3 language model. Code and data can be accessed at https://candle.mpi-inf.mpg.de/.

    Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, 10 tables
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
    Subject code 004
    Publishing date 2022-10-14
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Book ; Online: An Experimental Investigation of Part-Of-Speech Taggers for Vietnamese

    Nguyen, Tuan-Phong / Truong, Quoc-Tuan / Nguyen, Xuan-Nam / Le, Anh-Cuong

    2022  

    Abstract: Part-of-speech (POS) tagging plays an important role in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Its applications can be found in many NLP tasks such as named entity recognition, syntactic parsing, dependency parsing and text chunking. In the investigation ... ...

    Abstract Part-of-speech (POS) tagging plays an important role in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Its applications can be found in many NLP tasks such as named entity recognition, syntactic parsing, dependency parsing and text chunking. In the investigation conducted in this paper, we utilize the technologies of two widely-used toolkits, ClearNLP and Stanford POS Tagger, as well as develop two new POS taggers for Vietnamese, then compare them to three well-known Vietnamese taggers, namely JVnTagger, vnTagger and RDRPOSTagger. We make a systematic comparison to find out the tagger having the best performance. We also design a new feature set to measure the performance of the statistical taggers. Our new taggers built from Stanford Tagger and ClearNLP with the new feature set can outperform all other current Vietnamese taggers in term of tagging accuracy. Moreover, we also analyze the affection of some features to the performance of statistical taggers. Lastly, the experimental results also reveal that the transformation-based tagger, RDRPOSTagger, can run significantly faster than any other statistical tagger.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Subject code 004
    Publishing date 2022-06-14
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Book ; Online: Advanced Semantics for Commonsense Knowledge Extraction

    Nguyen, Tuan-Phong / Razniewski, Simon / Weikum, Gerhard

    2020  

    Abstract: Commonsense knowledge (CSK) about concepts and their properties is useful for AI applications such as robust chatbots. Prior works like ConceptNet, TupleKB and others compiled large CSK collections, but are restricted in their expressiveness to subject- ... ...

    Abstract Commonsense knowledge (CSK) about concepts and their properties is useful for AI applications such as robust chatbots. Prior works like ConceptNet, TupleKB and others compiled large CSK collections, but are restricted in their expressiveness to subject-predicate-object (SPO) triples with simple concepts for S and monolithic strings for P and O. Also, these projects have either prioritized precision or recall, but hardly reconcile these complementary goals. This paper presents a methodology, called Ascent, to automatically build a large-scale knowledge base (KB) of CSK assertions, with advanced expressiveness and both better precision and recall than prior works. Ascent goes beyond triples by capturing composite concepts with subgroups and aspects, and by refining assertions with semantic facets. The latter are important to express temporal and spatial validity of assertions and further qualifiers. Ascent combines open information extraction with judicious cleaning using language models. Intrinsic evaluation shows the superior size and quality of the Ascent KB, and an extrinsic evaluation for QA-support tasks underlines the benefits of Ascent. A web interface, data and code can be found at https://ascent.mpi-inf.mpg.de/.
    Keywords Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Subject code 401
    Publishing date 2020-11-02
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Book ; Online: Refined Commonsense Knowledge from Large-Scale Web Contents

    Nguyen, Tuan-Phong / Razniewski, Simon / Romero, Julien / Weikum, Gerhard

    2021  

    Abstract: Commonsense knowledge (CSK) about concepts and their properties is helpful for AI applications. Prior works, such as ConceptNet, have compiled large CSK collections. However, they are restricted in their expressiveness to subject-predicate-object (SPO) ... ...

    Abstract Commonsense knowledge (CSK) about concepts and their properties is helpful for AI applications. Prior works, such as ConceptNet, have compiled large CSK collections. However, they are restricted in their expressiveness to subject-predicate-object (SPO) triples with simple concepts for S and strings for P and O. This paper presents a method called ASCENT++ to automatically build a large-scale knowledge base (KB) of CSK assertions, with refined expressiveness and both better precision and recall than prior works. ASCENT++ goes beyond SPO triples by capturing composite concepts with subgroups and aspects, and by refining assertions with semantic facets. The latter is essential to express the temporal and spatial validity of assertions and further qualifiers. Furthermore, ASCENT++ combines open information extraction (OpenIE) with judicious cleaning and ranking by typicality and saliency scores. For high coverage, our method taps into the large-scale crawl C4 with broad web contents. The evaluation with human judgments shows the superior quality of the ASCENT++ KB, and an extrinsic evaluation for QA-support tasks underlines the benefits of ASCENT++. A web interface, data, and code can be accessed at https://ascentpp.mpi-inf.mpg.de/.

    Comment: This is a substantial extension of the previous WWW paper: arXiv:2011.00905
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
    Publishing date 2021-11-30
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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