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Book ; Online: Efficient Cluster Selection for Personalized Federated Learning

Ni, Zhou / Hashemi, Morteza

A Multi-Armed Bandit Approach

2023

Abstract: Federated learning (FL) offers a decentralized training approach for machine learning models, prioritizing data privacy. However, the inherent heterogeneity in FL networks, arising from variations in data distribution, size, and device capabilities, ... ...

Abstract	Federated learning (FL) offers a decentralized training approach for machine learning models, prioritizing data privacy. However, the inherent heterogeneity in FL networks, arising from variations in data distribution, size, and device capabilities, poses challenges in user federation. Recognizing this, Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) emphasizes tailoring learning processes to individual data profiles. In this paper, we address the complexity of clustering users in PFL, especially in dynamic networks, by introducing a dynamic Upper Confidence Bound (dUCB) algorithm inspired by the multi-armed bandit (MAB) approach. The dUCB algorithm ensures that new users can effectively find the best cluster for their data distribution by balancing exploration and exploitation. The performance of our algorithm is evaluated in various cases, showing its effectiveness in handling dynamic federated learning scenarios.
Keywords	Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Distributed ; Parallel ; and Cluster Computing
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2023-10-29
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Curative effect of thymopentin combined with conventional chemotherapy in the treatment of relapsing pulmonary tuberculosis (RPTB) with sputum smear positive and its influence to the respiratory function and immune function of patients

Xiao-Ni Zhou

Journal of Hainan Medical University, Vol 22, Iss 4, Pp 33-

2016 Volume 36

Abstract: Objective: To discuss the curative effect of thymopentin combined with conventional chemotherapy in the treatment of relapsing pulmonary tuberculosis(RPTB) with sputum smear positive and its influence to the respiratory function and immune function of ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To discuss the curative effect of thymopentin combined with conventional chemotherapy in the treatment of relapsing pulmonary tuberculosis(RPTB) with sputum smear positive and its influence to the respiratory function and immune function of patients. Method: A total of 138 cases of patients with relapsing pulmonary tuberculosis(RPTB) with sputum smear positive were divided randomly. And they were divided into control group and study group (n=69), 2HRZE/4HR conventional chemotherapy for control group, while thymopentin combined with conventional chemotherapy for study group. To compare the sputum negative conversion rate, lesions absorption rate, void closure reduction rate, lung function and immune function index and serum inflammatory factor level changes of both groups. Results: 6 months after treatment, the sputum negative conversion rate, lesions absorption rate, void closure reduction rate in study group were obviously higher than that in control group; lung function index-FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC and T lymphocyte CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ level in study group were obviously higher than before treatment and that in control group; serum inflammatory factor IL-10 level in study group was obviously lower than before treatment and that in control group; but IFN-毭 level in study group was obviously higher than before treatment and that in control group. Conclusion: Thymopentin combined with conventional chemotherapy could significantly improve the efficacy of 2HRZE/4HR conventional chemotherapy, which was related with the fact that thymopentin could obviously improve the immune function and increase the antituberculous capacity of patients with RPTB with sputum smear positive.
Keywords	Thymopentin ; Conventional chemotherapy ; Respiratory function ; Immune function ; Relapsing pulmonary tuberculosis ; Sputum smear positive ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Editorial Board of Journal of Hainan Medical University
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Parental Compliance towards Oral Health Education among Preschoolers with Special Healthcare Needs

Ni Zhou / Hai Ming Wong / Colman Patrick McGrath

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 7323, p

2021 Volume 7323

Abstract: Background: Young children with special needs greatly rely on their parents to support their daily living activities; parental compliance may have great impact on the implementation of health promotion activities among those children. This study aimed to ...

Abstract	Background: Young children with special needs greatly rely on their parents to support their daily living activities; parental compliance may have great impact on the implementation of health promotion activities among those children. This study aimed to investigate the parental compliance towards oral health education (OHE) among children with special healthcare needs (SHCN). Method: The participants were 306 parents whose children had participated in a 24-month OHE program for preschool children with SHCN. The primary outcome of this cross-sectional study was parental compliance towards the OHE program. Parents’ oral health literacy (OHL) was assessed by a validated tool. Parents’ socioeconomic status, attitudes towards OHE topics, perceptions of children’s oral hygiene status, and usefulness of OHE materials were collected via questionnaires. Results: A higher dropout rate was observed among parents who perceived that their children had unfavorable oral hygiene status ( p = 0.038), or parents who had poor OHL skills ( p = 0.015). Parental noncompliance was more likely to be observed among parents who perceived that the OHE materials were not useful for their children (OR = 3.63, 95% CI 1.56 to 8.47, p = 0.003), or parents whose children had been diagnosed with developmental delays (OR = 5.45, 95% CI 1.59 to18.74, p = 0.007). Conclusion: Non-compliance existed among parents whose children had received OHE intervention. Parental compliance towards OHE intervention might be associated with parents’ OHL skills, usefulness of OHE materials, and children’s developmental conditions. OHE programs should be individually tailored to support children whose parents are at a higher risk of noncompliant behaviors.
Keywords	health education ; parental compliance ; oral health literacy ; pediatric ; special needs ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: China nationwide landscape of 16 types inherited metabolic disorders: a retrospective analysis on 372,255 clinical cases.

Zhao, Beibei / Chen, Peichun / She, Xuhui / Chen, Xiuru / Ni, Zhou / Zhou, Duo / Yu, Zinan / Liu, Chang / Huang, Xinwen

Orphanet journal of rare diseases

2023 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 228

Abstract: Background: Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) usually occurs at young age and hence it severely threatening the health and life of young people. While so far there lacks a comprehensive study which can reveals China's nationwide landscape of IMDs. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) usually occurs at young age and hence it severely threatening the health and life of young people. While so far there lacks a comprehensive study which can reveals China's nationwide landscape of IMDs. This study aimed to evaluate IMDs incidence and regional distributions in China at a national and province level to guide clinicians and policy makers. Methods: The retrospective study conducted from January 2012 to March 2021, we analyzed and characterized 372255 cases' clinical test information and diagnostic data from KingMed Diagnostics Laboratory. The samples were from 32 provincial regions of China, the urine organic acids were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), amino acids and acylcarnitines in dried blood spots were detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We did a statistical analysis of the distribution of the 16 most common IMDs in amino acid disorders and organic acidemias, and then paid special attention to analyze the age and regional distributions of different IMDs. The statistical analyses and visualization analysis were performed with the programming language R (version 4.2.1). Results: There were 4911 positive cases diagnosed, which was 1.32% of the total sample during the ten-year study period. Most diseases tended to occur at ages younger than 18 year-old. The Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency tended to progress on male infants who were less than 28 days old. While the peak of the positive case number of Citrin Deficiency disease (CD) was at 1-6 months. Different IMDs' had different distribution patterns in China's provinces. Methylmalonic Acidemias and Hyperphenylalaninemia had an imbalanced distribution pattern in China and its positive rate was significantly higher in North China than South China. Conversely, the positive rate of CD was significantly higher in South China than North China. Conclusions: Results of this work, such as the differences in distribution pattern of different diseases in terms of age, region, etc. provide important insights and references for clinicians, researchers and healthcare policy makers. The policy makers could optimize the better health screening programs for covering children and infants in specific ages and regions based on our findings.
MeSH term(s)	Infant ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Adolescent ; Retrospective Studies ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Metabolic Diseases/diagnosis ; China/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2225857-7
ISSN	1750-1172 ; 1750-1172
ISSN (online)	1750-1172
ISSN	1750-1172
DOI	10.1186/s13023-023-02834-y
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Dental Caries Status among Yi Preschool Children in Yunnan Province, China

Ni Zhou / Hui Ding / Juan Liu / Jieyi Chen / Shinan Zhang / Chun-Hung Chu

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 8393, p

A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 Volume 8393

Abstract: Background: The Yi ethnic group is the sixth largest minority in China. The aim of this study was to investigate dental caries status among Yi preschool children in the Yunnan province, China. Method: This cross-sectional study invited 5-year-old Yi ... ...

Abstract	Background: The Yi ethnic group is the sixth largest minority in China. The aim of this study was to investigate dental caries status among Yi preschool children in the Yunnan province, China. Method: This cross-sectional study invited 5-year-old Yi children using multistage cluster sampling. Two trained and calibrated dentists examined the children in kindergartens. The children’s dental caries experience was assessed using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) index. Visual plaque on an indexed tooth of each six sextants was recorded and the oral hygiene status was assessed using the Visible Plaque Index. Parents completed questionnaires that surveyed their educational attainment. The questionnaires also collected information about the children’s demographics, snacking habits, oral-health-related behaviors and dental visit experiences. The associations between caries experiences and potential factors were analyzed using zero-inflated negative binomial regression. Results: All 452 invited children (249 boys, 55%) participated in this study with a response rate of 100%. Dental caries prevalence rate was 83%. The mean dmft score and decayed teeth score were 5.2 ± 4.4 and 5.1 ± 4.4, respectively. Almost half of the children (n = 211, 47%) had visible plaque on four or more of the six sextants. Most (n = 366, 81%) of the children had not visited a dentist in the prior 12 months. Regression analysis found the children’s caries experience was associated with their dental visit experience. Conclusion: The great majority of the Yi preschool children experienced dental caries and almost all of the cavities were not restored. Their oral hygiene was poor and visible plaque was commonly found on their teeth.
Keywords	child ; cross-sectional study ; dental caries ; oral health ; ethnic group ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Oral Health Status of 12-Year-Old Hani Children in the Yunnan Province of China

Jieyi Chen / Ni Zhou / Biao Xu / Yuexiao Li / Shinan Zhang / Chunhung Chu

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 5294, p

A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 Volume 5294

Abstract: Background: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the oral health status of Hani 12-year-old children in Yunnan, a province in Southwest China. Method: This study employed a multistage sampling method to recruit children from local ... ...

Abstract	Background: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the oral health status of Hani 12-year-old children in Yunnan, a province in Southwest China. Method: This study employed a multistage sampling method to recruit children from local primary schools. Two calibrated dentists examined the status of dental caries, gingival bleeding and dental fluorosis by adopting the diagnosis criteria recommended by the World Health Organization. A self-administrated questionnaire was distributed. The chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were conducted. Results: This study invited 480 Hani children, and recruited 413 children (52% boys) (response rate: 86%). The dental caries prevalence was 52%, and the caries experience associated with the mean (standard deviation) decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) score was 1.10 (1.46). Gingival bleeding was diagnosed in 252 children (61%), and dental fluorosis was found in two children (0.5%). The results of the regression model indicated the prevalence of dental caries were associated with sugary snacking habits ( p = 0.002). The prevalence of gingival bleeding was related to the mother’s education level as well as the child’s monthly pocket money ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: Dental caries and gingival bleeding were prevalent among 12-year-old Hani children in the Yunnan province in China. Dental fluorosis was uncommon.
Keywords	dental caries ; ethnic group ; minority group ; child ; China ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Parent–offspring variation transmission in full-sib families revealed predominantly paternal inheritance of chloroplast DNA in Pinus massoniana (Pinaceae)

Ni, ZhouXian / Zhou, PengYan / Xin, Yue / Xu, Meng / Xu, Li-An

Tree genetics & genomes. 2021 Aug., v. 17, no. 4

2021

Abstract: The inheritance of chloroplast genome DNA (cpDNA) differs from that of the nuclear genome. The cpDNAs of most species originate from the female parent, whereas some plastids are paternal or biparental in origin. The plastid transmission of Pinaceae ... ...

Abstract	The inheritance of chloroplast genome DNA (cpDNA) differs from that of the nuclear genome. The cpDNAs of most species originate from the female parent, whereas some plastids are paternal or biparental in origin. The plastid transmission of Pinaceae species is thought to occur exclusively by paternal inheritance with a few exceptions. However, plastid transmission in a common species of Pinus (Pinaceae), Pinus massoniana, remains unexplored. In this study, 16 parents and 84 progenies from 9 full-sib families including one reciprocal cross were used as research materials, and a minisatellite locus and 3 cpDNA DNA fragments were used to investigate the plastid transmission of P. massoniana. The results showed that 96.73% of the offspring had cpDNA sequences consistent with those of their male parents, whereas only 3.27% of the offspring had cpDNA sequences similar to those of their female parents. These results revealed that plastid transmission in P. massoniana is predominantly paternal, mainly manifesting as high-frequency (greater than 95%) paternal inheritance and low-frequency maternal inheritance. However, the mechanism of paternal inheritance requires more evidence and further research.
Keywords	Pinus massoniana ; chloroplast DNA ; chloroplast genome ; females ; loci ; males ; nuclear genome ; plant genetics ; plastids ; progeny ; reciprocal crosses
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-08
Size	p. 36.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2180926-4
ISSN	1614-2950 ; 1614-2942
ISSN (online)	1614-2950
ISSN	1614-2942
DOI	10.1007/s11295-021-01519-6
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Comparison among three methods for obtaining chloroplast genome sequences from the conifer Pinus massoniana.

Ni, ZhouXian / Ye, YouJu / Xu, Meng / Xu, Li-An

Genomics

2020 Volume 112, Issue 3, Page(s) 2459–2466

Abstract: The chloroplast genome (CPG) is a powerful tool for phylogenetic studies. Many CPGs have been determined using NGS. However, the large nuclear-genome and difficult CPG-DNA separation in conifers limit their application in related research. In this study, ...

Abstract	The chloroplast genome (CPG) is a powerful tool for phylogenetic studies. Many CPGs have been determined using NGS. However, the large nuclear-genome and difficult CPG-DNA separation in conifers limit their application in related research. In this study, three methods (PCR + Sanger, PCR + HiSeq, cpDNA+HiSeq) for obtaining the CPGs of Pinus massoniana were compared for sequence accuracy, time and cost. PCR + Sanger obtained the most accurate CPGs with advantages in cost (3.08$/kb) and time (2-3 days); PCR + HiSeq generated some DNA fragments with low depth, and the SNPs false-positive-rate (0.44) and sequencing error-rate (0.0265) of this method were higher than those of the cpDNA+HiSeq. Moreover, the cost (~6.17$/kb) and time (4-5 weeks) would significantly increase when HiSeq sequencing were outsourced to sequencing service company. Thus, for the study of intraspecific and interspecies variation in CPGs, CPG sequences can be obtained by comprehensive methods to bridge the method shortcomings. Scuh as sequence accuracy, cost and time.
MeSH term(s)	Genome, Chloroplast ; Genomics/methods ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Pinus/genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	356334-0
ISSN	1089-8646 ; 0888-7543
ISSN (online)	1089-8646
ISSN	0888-7543
DOI	10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.01.020
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Article ; Online: Attitudes and beliefs regarding complementary and alternative medicine in a diverse gynecologic oncology patient population

Emily A. Miller / Shanice Beaumont / Zhen Ni Zhou / Jesse T. Brewer / Charlene Thomas / Eloise Chapman-Davis / Evelyn Cantillo / Kevin Holcomb / Tara Pua / Melissa K. Frey

Gynecologic Oncology Reports, Vol 48, Iss , Pp 101232- (2023)

2023

Abstract: Objectives: To measure prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in a diverse gynecologic oncology patient population and evaluate how attitudes and beliefs regarding CAM relate to demographic factors. Methods: A validated Attitudes ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To measure prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in a diverse gynecologic oncology patient population and evaluate how attitudes and beliefs regarding CAM relate to demographic factors. Methods: A validated Attitudes and Beliefs about Complementary and Alternative Medicine (ABCAM) survey was distributed to patients with gynecologic malignancy. Results were evaluated using Pearson's Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables and Wilcoxon ranks sum and Kruskal-Wallace tests for non-normally distributed variables. Results: One-hundred thirty patients completed the ABCAM survey. Self-reported race and ethnicity included Asian or Pacific Islander (n = 54; 42%), Hispanic/Latino (n = 23; 18%), White (n = 21; 16%), Black or African American (n = 20; 15%), American Indian/Alaska Native (n = 8; 6.2%) and Other (n = 4; 3.1%). Twenty-four respondents (18%) reported use of CAM. There was a significant difference in expected benefits to CAM between respondents of different races/ethnicities (p < 0.001). Black and Asian respondents reported greater expected benefit to CAM. Hispanic/Latino, American Indian/Alaskan Native, and White respondents reported fewer expected benefits. A significant association was found between perceived barriers to CAM and race/ethnicity (p 0.043), with Asian, Hispanic/Latino and White respondents perceiving more barriers while Black and American Indian/Alaskan Natives reported perceiving fewer barriers to CAM. Respondents with incomes greater than $100,000 reported fewer barriers to CAM. Conclusions: Use of CAM among gynecologic oncology patients is lower than previously thought. Income, race, and ethnicity inform patient engagement with CAM and can be used to better tailor the provision of evidence-based CAM interventions to benefit a greater number of gynecologic cancer patients.
Keywords	Complementary medicine ; Alternative medicine ; Gynecologic cancer ; Attitudes and beliefs ; Gynecology and obstetrics ; RG1-991 ; Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ; RC254-282
Subject code	950
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Study on the Genetic Structure Based on Geographic Populations of the Endangered Tree Species: Liriodendron chinense

Zhou, Peng-Yan / Hui, Li-Xing / Huang, Shu-Jing / Ni, Zhou-Xian / Yu, Fa-Xin / Xu, Li-An

Forests. 2021 July 14, v. 12, no. 7

2021

Abstract: Liriodendron chinense (Hemsley) Sargent is a Class II protected plant in China as natural populations are on the verge of extinction. There is still a lack of systematic research on the genetic resources of its geographic populations. In this study, we ... ...

Abstract	Liriodendron chinense (Hemsley) Sargent is a Class II protected plant in China as natural populations are on the verge of extinction. There is still a lack of systematic research on the genetic resources of its geographic populations. In this study, we used 20 pairs of SSR markers with high polymorphism to analyze a total of 808 L. chinense samples from 22 regions, and 63 Liriodendron tulipifera Linn samples from 2 regions were used as a comparison group. The results revealed a total of 78 alleles in L. chinense, and the average expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.558, showing a low level of genetic diversity. The degree of differentiation of L. chinense was high, with the differentiation coefficient (Fst) as high as 0.302, which is related to the low gene flow (Nm = 0.578). Based on the genetic structure, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and phylogenetic analysis of 24 Liriodendron spp. populations, L. chinense and L. tulipifera had obvious differentiation, while the differentiation between L. chinense geographic populations was very large and irregular. Inbreeding appears within the geographic populations, and the level of genetic diversity is very low. In order to protect the genetic diversity of L. chinense, in addition to protecting the existing population as much as possible, artificial cultivation should introduce materials from multiple populations.
Keywords	Liriodendron tulipifera ; extinction ; gene flow ; genetic structure ; genetic variation ; heterozygosity ; multidimensional scaling ; phylogeny ; trees ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0714
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2527081-3
ISSN	1999-4907
ISSN	1999-4907
DOI	10.3390/f12070917
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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