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  1. Article ; Online: Reproductive risk factors across the female lifecourse and later metabolic health.

    Nichols, Amy R / Chavarro, Jorge E / Oken, Emily

    Cell metabolism

    2024  Volume 36, Issue 2, Page(s) 240–262

    Abstract: Metabolic health is characterized by optimal blood glucose, lipids, cholesterol, blood pressure, and adiposity. Alterations in these characteristics may lead to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia. Recent evidence suggests that ... ...

    Abstract Metabolic health is characterized by optimal blood glucose, lipids, cholesterol, blood pressure, and adiposity. Alterations in these characteristics may lead to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia. Recent evidence suggests that female reproductive characteristics may be overlooked as risk factors that contribute to later metabolic dysfunction. These reproductive traits include the age at menarche, menstrual irregularity, the development of polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational weight change, gestational dysglycemia and dyslipidemia, and the severity and timing of menopausal symptoms. These risk factors may themselves be markers of future dysfunction or may be explained by shared underlying etiologies that promote long-term disease development. Disentangling underlying relationships and identifying potentially modifiable characteristics have an important bearing on therapeutic lifestyle modifications that could ease long-term metabolic burden. Further research that better characterizes associations between reproductive characteristics and metabolic health, clarifies underlying etiologies, and identifies indicators for clinical application is warranted in the prevention and management of metabolic dysfunction.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Risk Factors ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/complications ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/drug therapy ; Obesity/complications ; Dyslipidemias
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2176834-1
    ISSN 1932-7420 ; 1550-4131
    ISSN (online) 1932-7420
    ISSN 1550-4131
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.01.002
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  2. Article ; Online: Breastfeeding, socioeconomic status, and long-term postpartum weight retention.

    Foster, Saralyn F / Vazquez, Christian / Cubbin, Catherine / Nichols, Amy R / Rickman, Rachel R / Widen, Elizabeth M

    International breastfeeding journal

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 1

    Abstract: Background: Almost half of all pregnant women in the United States gain weight above Institute of Medicine gestational weight gain guidelines. Breastfeeding has been shown to reduce weight retention in the first year postpartum; however, women with ... ...

    Abstract Background: Almost half of all pregnant women in the United States gain weight above Institute of Medicine gestational weight gain guidelines. Breastfeeding has been shown to reduce weight retention in the first year postpartum; however, women with lower socioeconomic status (SES) tend to initiate breastfeeding less often than women with higher SES. We investigated associations between duration of breastfeeding with mother's long-term postpartum weight status at 4-10 years and evaluated whether the associations varied by SES.
    Methods: Maternal and infant dyads (N = 2144 dyads) are from the Geographic Research on Wellbeing survey (GROW), 2012-2013, a long-term, cross-sectional follow-up of the Maternal and Infant Health Assessment (MIHA) based in California, USA. Pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) was obtained from self-report of height and weight during MIHA, while breastfeeding history and self-report of current body weight was collected at the 4-10 year GROW postpartum visit. SES score was derived from a composite score of percent federal poverty level and education and was dichotomized into High and Low SES groups at a score of three. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine association between breastfeeding and maternal weight status, and to examine for effect modification by SES.
    Results: Average long-term weight retention 4-10 years postpartum was 4.0 kg. Fewer lower SES vs. higher SES women breast fed at least six months (51% versus 70%, p < .001) or ever breastfed (74% versus 89%, P < .001). Women who breastfed at least six months had lower long-term postpartum weight retention compared to those who did not (b = -1.06 kg, (-1.93, 0.25); p = 0.01); however, these association did not vary by SES.
    Conclusion: Six months of breastfeeding is associated with lower BMI at 4-10 years and lower body weight, and effects do not vary by SES. Future policies and guidelines should consider building an infrastructure that is supportive of longer breastfeeding duration. Moreover, further research is needed to identify the impact of additional behavioral and environmental factors on long-term maternal weight status. Understanding the drivers of excessive weight retention pospartum can help us not only improve the pregnant person's health but the health of their children.
    MeSH term(s) Infant ; Child ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; United States ; Breast Feeding ; Gestational Weight Gain ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Postpartum Period ; Social Class
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2227239-2
    ISSN 1746-4358 ; 1746-4358
    ISSN (online) 1746-4358
    ISSN 1746-4358
    DOI 10.1186/s13006-022-00534-0
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  3. Article ; Online: History of Infertility and Midlife Cardiovascular Health in Female Individuals.

    Nichols, Amy R / Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L / Switkowski, Karen M / Zhang, Mingyu / Young, Jessica G / Hivert, Marie-France / Chavarro, Jorge E / Oken, Emily

    JAMA network open

    2024  Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) e2350424

    Abstract: Importance: Fertility status is a marker for future health, and infertility has been associated with risk for later cancer and diabetes, but associations with midlife cardiovascular health (CVH) in female individuals remain understudied.: Objective: ... ...

    Abstract Importance: Fertility status is a marker for future health, and infertility has been associated with risk for later cancer and diabetes, but associations with midlife cardiovascular health (CVH) in female individuals remain understudied.
    Objective: To evaluate the association of infertility history with CVH at midlife (approximately age 50 years) among parous individuals.
    Design, setting, and participants: Project Viva is a prospective cohort study of pregnant participants enrolled between 1999 and 2002 who delivered a singleton live birth in the greater Boston, Massachusetts, area. Infertility history was collected at a midlife visit between 2017 and 2021, approximately 18 years after enrollment. Data analysis was performed from January to June 2023.
    Exposures: The primary exposure was any lifetime history of infertility identified by self-report, medical record, diagnosis, or claims for infertility treatment.
    Main outcomes and measures: The American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) is a construct for ranking CVH that includes scores from 0 to 100 (higher scores denote better health status) in 4 behavioral (diet, physical activity, sleep, and smoking status) and 4 biomedical (body mass index, blood pressure, blood lipids, and glycemia) domains to form an overall assessment of CVH. Associations of a history of infertility (yes or no) with mean LE8 total, behavioral, biomedical, and blood biomarker (lipids and glycemia) scores were examined, adjusting for age at outcome (midlife visit), race and ethnicity, education, household income, age at menarche, and perceived body size at age 10 years.
    Results: Of 468 included participants (mean [SD] age at the midlife visit, 50.6 [5.3] years) with exposure and outcome data, 160 (34.2%) experienced any infertility. Mean (SD) LE8 scores were 76.3 (12.2) overall, 76.5 (13.4) for the behavioral domain, 76.0 (17.5) for the biomedical domain, and 78.9 (19.2) for the blood biomarkers subdomain. In adjusted models, the estimated overall LE8 score at midlife was 2.94 points lower (95% CI, -5.13 to -0.74 points), the biomedical score was 4.07 points lower (95% CI, -7.33 to -0.78 points), and the blood subdomain score was 5.98 points lower (95% CI, -9.71 to -2.26 points) among those with vs without history of infertility. The point estimate also was lower for the behavioral domain score (β = -1.81; 95% CI, -4.28 to 0.66), although the result was not statistically significant.
    Conclusions and relevance: This cohort study of parous individuals found evidence for an association between a history of infertility and lower overall and biomedical CVH scores. Future study of enhanced cardiovascular preventive strategies among those who experience infertility is warranted.
    MeSH term(s) United States ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Child ; Middle Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Heart ; Infertility ; Lipids
    Chemical Substances Lipids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2574-3805
    ISSN (online) 2574-3805
    DOI 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50424
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  4. Article ; Online: Novel approaches to examining weight changes in pregnancies affected by obesity.

    Nichols, Amy R / Burns, Natalie / Xu, Fei / Foster, Saralyn F / Rickman, Rachel / Hedderson, Monique M / Widen, Elizabeth M

    The American journal of clinical nutrition

    2023  Volume 117, Issue 5, Page(s) 1026–1034

    Abstract: Background: Current gestational weight change (GWC) recommendations for obese individuals were established with limited evidence of the pattern and timing of weight change across pregnancy. Similarly, the recommendation of 5-9 kg does not differentiate ... ...

    Abstract Background: Current gestational weight change (GWC) recommendations for obese individuals were established with limited evidence of the pattern and timing of weight change across pregnancy. Similarly, the recommendation of 5-9 kg does not differentiate by the severity of obesity.
    Objectives: We sought to describe GWC trajectory classes by obesity grade and associated infant outcomes among a large, diverse cohort.
    Methods: The study population included 22,355 individuals with singleton pregnancies, obesity (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m
    Results: Five GWC trajectory classes were identified for each obesity grade, each with a distinct pattern of weight change before 15 wk (including loss, stability, and gain) followed by weight gain thereafter (low, moderate, and high). Two classes with high overall gain were associated with an increased risk for large for gestational age (LGA) in obesity grade 1 (IRR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.46; IRR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.24, 1.74). Both high (IRR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.61, 2.52; IRR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.52, 2.58) and 2 moderate-gain classes (IRR = 1.40; 95% CI 1.14, 1.71; IRR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.90) were associated with LGA in grade 2, and only early loss/late moderate-gain class 3 (IRR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.62) was associated in grade 3. This class was also associated with preterm birth in grade 2. No associations were detected between GWC and small for gestational age (SGA).
    Conclusions: Among the pregnancies affected by obesity, GWC was not linear or uniform. Different patterns of high gain were associated with an increased risk for LGA with the greatest magnitude in obesity grade 2, whereas GWC patterns were not associated with SGA.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Premature Birth ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Weight Gain ; Infant, Small for Gestational Age ; Gestational Age ; Body Mass Index ; Birth Weight ; Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology ; Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 280048-2
    ISSN 1938-3207 ; 0002-9165
    ISSN (online) 1938-3207
    ISSN 0002-9165
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.03.001
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  5. Article: What stops us from eating: a qualitative investigation of dietary barriers during pregnancy in Punjab, Pakistan

    Asim, Muhammad / Ahmed, Zarak H / Nichols, Amy R / Rickman, Rachel / Neiterman, Elena / Mahmood, Anita / Widen, Elizabeth M

    Public health nutrition. 2022 Mar., v. 25, no. 3

    2022  

    Abstract: Adequate dietary intake during pregnancy is vital for the health and nutritional status of both mother and fetus. The nutritional status of reproductive age women in Pakistan is poor, with 14 % being underweight (BMI < 18·5) and 42 % experiencing Fe ... ...

    Abstract Adequate dietary intake during pregnancy is vital for the health and nutritional status of both mother and fetus. The nutritional status of reproductive age women in Pakistan is poor, with 14 % being underweight (BMI < 18·5) and 42 % experiencing Fe deficiency anaemia. This may stem from beliefs, practices and other barriers influencing dietary intake. This qualitative study seeks to determine which factors impact dietary intake during pregnancy in rural Punjab. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted and then analysed using thematic analysis. Three purposively selected rural districts (Sahiwal, Okara and Pakpatan) with the highest prevalence of maternal and child malnutrition in the province of Punjab, Pakistan Mothers with children under age two (n 29) and healthcare providers with at least 5 years of experience working in the district (n 12). We identified a combination of physiological, socio-cultural and structural barriers that inhibited healthful dietary intake during pregnancy. The primary physiological barriers to optimal dietary intake and dietary practices included food aversions and food cravings. Food classification, fear of a difficult childbirth, fear of high blood pressure and household food politics were the principal socio-cultural barriers. Additionally, two structural barriers, inadequate antenatal counseling and a lack of affordable food options, were identified. Our study demonstrates that complex barriers prevent pregnant women in the Punjab area from consuming adequate dietary intake and that antenatal health education programmes and structural interventions are needed to support healthful dietary practices during this critical period.
    Keywords Sahiwal ; childbirth ; children ; fearfulness ; fetus ; focus groups ; food intake ; food policy ; health education ; health services ; hypertension ; iron deficiency anemia ; malnutrition ; nutritional status ; okara ; pregnancy ; public health ; qualitative analysis ; underweight ; Pakistan
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-03
    Size p. 760-769.
    Publishing place Cambridge University Press
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1436024-x
    ISSN 1475-2727 ; 1368-9800
    ISSN (online) 1475-2727
    ISSN 1368-9800
    DOI 10.1017/S1368980021001737
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  6. Article ; Online: Prenatal Weight Change Trajectories and Perinatal Outcomes among Twin Gestations.

    Nichols, Amy R / Haeri, Sina / Rudine, Anthony / Burns, Natalie / Rathouz, Paul J / Hedderson, Monique M / Abrams, Steven A / Foster, Saralyn F / Rickman, Rachel / McDonnold, Mollie / Widen, Elizabeth M

    American journal of perinatology

    2023  

    Abstract: Objective:  Despite an increase in twin pregnancies in recent decades, the Institute of Medicine twin weight gain recommendations remain provisional and provide no guidance for the pattern or timing of weight change. We sought to characterize ... ...

    Abstract Objective:  Despite an increase in twin pregnancies in recent decades, the Institute of Medicine twin weight gain recommendations remain provisional and provide no guidance for the pattern or timing of weight change. We sought to characterize gestational weight change trajectory patterns and examine associations with birth outcomes in a cohort of twin pregnancies.
    Study design:  Prenatal and delivery records were examined for 320 twin pregnancies from a maternal-fetal medicine practice in Austin, TX 2011-2019. Prenatal weights for those with >1 measured weight in the first trimester and ≥3 prenatal weights were included in analyses. Trajectories were estimated to 32 weeks (mean delivery: 33.7 ± 3.3 weeks) using flexible latent class mixed models with low-rank thin-plate splines. Associations between trajectory classes and infant outcomes were analyzed using multivariable Poisson or linear regression.
    Results:  Weight change from prepregnancy to delivery was 15.4 ± 6.3 kg for people with an underweight body mass index, 15.4 ± 5.8 kg for healthy weight, 14.7 ± 6.9 kg for overweight, and 12.5 ± 6.4 kg for obesity. Three trajectory classes were identified: low (Class 1), moderate (Class 2), or high gain (Class 3). Class 1 (24.7%) maintained weight for 15 weeks and then gained an estimated 6.6 kg at 32 weeks. Class 2 (60.9%) exhibited steady gain with 13.5 kg predicted total gain, and Class 3 (14.4%) showed rapid gain across pregnancy with 21.3 kg predicted gain. Compared to Class 1, Class 3 was associated with higher birth weight
    Conclusion:  Gestational weight change followed a low, moderate, or high trajectory; both moderate and high gain patterns were associated with increased infant size outcomes. Optimal patterns of weight change that balance risk during the prenatal, perinatal, and neonatal periods require further investigation, particularly in high-risk twin pregnancies.
    Key points: · A majority gained weight below IOM twin recommendations.. · Three patterns of GWC across pregnancy were identified.. · Moderate or high GWC was associated with infant size..
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605671-4
    ISSN 1098-8785 ; 0735-1631
    ISSN (online) 1098-8785
    ISSN 0735-1631
    DOI 10.1055/a-2091-1254
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  7. Article ; Online: Associations of Prenatal Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Exposures with Offspring Adiposity and Body Composition at 16-20 Years of Age: Project Viva.

    Zhang, Mingyu / Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L / Aris, Izzuddin M / Fleisch, Abby F / Lin, Pi-I Debby / Nichols, Amy R / Oken, Emily / Hivert, Marie-France

    Environmental health perspectives

    2023  Volume 131, Issue 12, Page(s) 127002

    Abstract: Background: Findings on the associations between prenatal PFAS exposures and offspring adiposity are inconsistent. Whether such associations may extend to adolescence is especially understudied.: Objectives: We investigated associations of prenatal ... ...

    Abstract Background: Findings on the associations between prenatal PFAS exposures and offspring adiposity are inconsistent. Whether such associations may extend to adolescence is especially understudied.
    Objectives: We investigated associations of prenatal PFAS exposures with offspring adiposity and body composition at 16-20 years of age.
    Methods: We studied 545 mother-child pairs in the prospective prebirth cohort Project Viva (Boston, Massachusetts). We measured six PFAS (PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, PFHxS, EtFOSAA, and MeFOSAA) in maternal early pregnancy (
    Results: Thirteen percent (
    Discussion: Prenatal PFAS exposures may have obesogenic effects into late adolescence. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12597.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Adiposity ; Prospective Studies ; Bayes Theorem ; Fluorocarbons ; Alkanesulfonic Acids ; Obesity ; Body Composition ; Environmental Pollutants
    Chemical Substances Fluorocarbons ; Alkanesulfonic Acids ; Environmental Pollutants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 195189-0
    ISSN 1552-9924 ; 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
    ISSN (online) 1552-9924
    ISSN 0091-6765 ; 1078-0475
    DOI 10.1289/EHP12597
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  8. Article ; Online: Weight Loss, Stability, and Low Weight Gain during Pregnancy among Individuals with Obesity: Associations with Adverse Perinatal Outcomes: An Observational Study.

    Widen, Elizabeth M / Nichols, Amy R / Harper, Lorie / Cahill, Alison / Davis, Jaimie N / Foster, Saralyn F / Rickman, Rachel R / Xu, Fei / Hedderson, Monique M

    American journal of perinatology

    2023  

    Abstract: Objective:  The safety of weight loss and low weight gain during pregnancy remains unclear. To determine how different patterns of gestational weight gain (GWG), including weight loss, stability, and low GWG relate to perinatal outcomes by prepregnancy ... ...

    Abstract Objective:  The safety of weight loss and low weight gain during pregnancy remains unclear. To determine how different patterns of gestational weight gain (GWG), including weight loss, stability, and low GWG relate to perinatal outcomes by prepregnancy obesity class.
    Study design:  The study population included 29,408 singleton livebirths among pregnant people with obesity from Kaiser Permanente Northern California (2008-2013). Clinically measured GWG was grouped into meaningful categories (Adequate: reference, met 2009 National Academy of Medicine [NAM] Guidelines [5-9.1 kg], Excessive [>9.1 kg], Low [1-4.9 kg], Stable [±1 kg], Weight Loss [>1 kg]) or GWG Z-score quintiles. Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate risk of adverse outcomes, stratified by obesity class. Electronic health record data were used to define outcomes, including cesarean delivery, preterm birth, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, small- and large-for-gestational age infants.
    Results:  Prevalence of weight stability and weight loss was 3.8 and 3.4%, respectively. Compared with those who gained within NAM, increased risk of small-for-gestational age was observed among those with weight loss among obesity class I (Risk Ratio (RR): 1.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12, 2.19), obesity class II (RR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.52, 3.13), and obesity class III (RR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.21, 2.45). Weight loss was associated with a decreased risk of cesarean delivery among obesity class III, compared with NAM.
    Conclusion:  Weight loss during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of small-for-gestational age among all obesity classes, but not other adverse perinatal outcomes and may reduce risk of cesarean delivery. Low weight gain and weight stability are not associated with risk of adverse outcomes among those with class III obesity. GWG guidelines may need to vary by obesity class.
    Key points: · Weight loss during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of small-for-gestational age among all obesity classes; but weight loss was not associated with other adverse perinatal outcomes.. · Among class III, low weight gain and weight stability are not associated with adverse perinatal outcomes.. · GWG guidelines may need to vary by obesity class..
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605671-4
    ISSN 1098-8785 ; 0735-1631
    ISSN (online) 1098-8785
    ISSN 0735-1631
    DOI 10.1055/a-2211-4945
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  9. Article ; Online: What stops us from eating: a qualitative investigation of dietary barriers during pregnancy in Punjab, Pakistan.

    Asim, Muhammad / Ahmed, Zarak H / Nichols, Amy R / Rickman, Rachel / Neiterman, Elena / Mahmood, Anita / Widen, Elizabeth M

    Public health nutrition

    2021  Volume 25, Issue 3, Page(s) 760–769

    Abstract: Objective: Adequate dietary intake during pregnancy is vital for the health and nutritional status of both mother and fetus. The nutritional status of reproductive age women in Pakistan is poor, with 14 % being underweight (BMI < 18·5) and 42 % ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Adequate dietary intake during pregnancy is vital for the health and nutritional status of both mother and fetus. The nutritional status of reproductive age women in Pakistan is poor, with 14 % being underweight (BMI < 18·5) and 42 % experiencing Fe deficiency anaemia. This may stem from beliefs, practices and other barriers influencing dietary intake. This qualitative study seeks to determine which factors impact dietary intake during pregnancy in rural Punjab.
    Design: In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted and then analysed using thematic analysis.
    Setting: Three purposively selected rural districts (Sahiwal, Okara and Pakpatan) with the highest prevalence of maternal and child malnutrition in the province of Punjab, Pakistan.
    Participants: Mothers with children under age two (n 29) and healthcare providers with at least 5 years of experience working in the district (n 12).
    Results: We identified a combination of physiological, socio-cultural and structural barriers that inhibited healthful dietary intake during pregnancy. The primary physiological barriers to optimal dietary intake and dietary practices included food aversions and food cravings. Food classification, fear of a difficult childbirth, fear of high blood pressure and household food politics were the principal socio-cultural barriers. Additionally, two structural barriers, inadequate antenatal counseling and a lack of affordable food options, were identified.
    Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that complex barriers prevent pregnant women in the Punjab area from consuming adequate dietary intake and that antenatal health education programmes and structural interventions are needed to support healthful dietary practices during this critical period.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Nutritional Status ; Pakistan/epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women/psychology ; Rural Population
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1436024-x
    ISSN 1475-2727 ; 1368-9800
    ISSN (online) 1475-2727
    ISSN 1368-9800
    DOI 10.1017/S1368980021001737
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  10. Article ; Online: Prenatal weight and regional body composition trajectories and neonatal body composition: The NICHD Foetal Growth Studies.

    Widen, Elizabeth M / Burns, Natalie / Kahn, Linda G / Grewal, Jagteshwar / Backlund, Grant / Nichols, Amy R / Rickman, Rachel / Foster, Saralyn / Nhan-Chang, Chia-Ling / Zhang, Cuilin / Wapner, Ronald / Wing, Deborah A / Owen, John / Skupski, Daniel W / Ranzini, Angela C / Newman, Roger / Grobman, William / Daniels, Michael J

    Pediatric obesity

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 3, Page(s) e12994

    Abstract: Background: Gestational weight gain (GWG) and anthropometric trajectories may affect foetal programming and are potentially modifiable.: Objectives: To assess concomitant patterns of change in weight, circumferences and adiposity across gestation as ... ...

    Abstract Background: Gestational weight gain (GWG) and anthropometric trajectories may affect foetal programming and are potentially modifiable.
    Objectives: To assess concomitant patterns of change in weight, circumferences and adiposity across gestation as an integrated prenatal exposure, and determine how they relate to neonatal body composition.
    Methods: Data are from a prospective cohort of singleton pregnancies (n = 2182) enrolled in United States perinatal centres, 2009-2013. Overall and by prepregnancy BMI group (overweight/obesity and healthy weight), joint latent trajectory models were fit with prenatal weight, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), triceps (TSF) and subscapular (SSF) skinfolds. Differences in neonatal body composition by trajectory class were assessed via weighted least squares.
    Results: Six trajectory patterns reflecting co-occurring changes in weight and MUAC, SSF and TSF across pregnancy were identified overall and by body mass index (BMI) group. Among people with a healthy weight BMI, some differences were observed for neonatal subcutaneous adipose tissue, and among individuals with overweight/obesity some differences in neonatal lean mass were found. Neonatal adiposity measures were higher among infants born to individuals with prepregnancy overweight/obesity.
    Conclusions: Six integrated trajectory patterns of prenatal weight, subcutaneous adipose tissue and circumferences were observed that were minimally associated with neonatal body composition, suggesting a stronger influence of prepregnancy BMI.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant ; Female ; Humans ; United States/epidemiology ; Overweight ; Weight Gain ; Prospective Studies ; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U.S.) ; Obesity ; Body Composition ; Body Mass Index ; Fetal Development
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2655527-X
    ISSN 2047-6310 ; 2047-6302
    ISSN (online) 2047-6310
    ISSN 2047-6302
    DOI 10.1111/ijpo.12994
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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