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  1. Article ; Online: Mammalian NREM and REM sleep: Why, when and how.

    Rial, Rubén V / Akaârir, Mourad / Canellas, Francesca / Barceló, Pere / Rubiño, José A / Martín-Reina, Aida / Gamundí, Antoni / Nicolau, M Cristina

    Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

    2023  Volume 146, Page(s) 105041

    Abstract: This report proposes that fish use the spinal-rhombencephalic regions of their brain to support their activities while awake. Instead, the brainstem-diencephalic regions support the wakefulness in amphibians and reptiles. Lastly, mammals developed the ... ...

    Abstract This report proposes that fish use the spinal-rhombencephalic regions of their brain to support their activities while awake. Instead, the brainstem-diencephalic regions support the wakefulness in amphibians and reptiles. Lastly, mammals developed the telencephalic cortex to attain the highest degree of wakefulness, the cortical wakefulness. However, a paralyzed form of spinal-rhombencephalic wakefulness remains in mammals in the form of REMS, whose phasic signs are highly efficient in promoting maternal care to mammalian litter. Therefore, the phasic REMS is highly adaptive. However, their importance is low for singletons, in which it is a neutral trait, devoid of adaptive value for adults, and is mal-adaptive for marine mammals. Therefore, they lost it. The spinal-rhombencephalic and cortical wakeful states disregard the homeostasis: animals only attend their most immediate needs: foraging defense and reproduction. However, these activities generate allostatic loads that must be recovered during NREMS, that is a paralyzed form of the amphibian-reptilian subcortical wakefulness. Regarding the regulation of tonic REMS, it depends on a hypothalamic switch. Instead, the phasic REMS depends on an independent proportional pontine control.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Sleep, REM/physiology ; Sleep/physiology ; Wakefulness/physiology ; Brain Stem ; Mammals ; Electroencephalography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 282464-4
    ISSN 1873-7528 ; 0149-7634
    ISSN (online) 1873-7528
    ISSN 0149-7634
    DOI 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105041
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1371: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article: The Birth of the Mammalian Sleep.

    Rial, Rubén V / Canellas, Francesca / Akaârir, Mourad / Rubiño, José A / Barceló, Pere / Martín, Aida / Gamundí, Antoni / Nicolau, M Cristina

    Biology

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 5

    Abstract: Mammals evolved from small-sized reptiles that developed endothermic metabolism. This allowed filling the nocturnal niche. They traded-off visual acuity for sensitivity but became defenseless against the dangerous daylight. To avoid such danger, they ... ...

    Abstract Mammals evolved from small-sized reptiles that developed endothermic metabolism. This allowed filling the nocturnal niche. They traded-off visual acuity for sensitivity but became defenseless against the dangerous daylight. To avoid such danger, they rested with closed eyes in lightproof burrows during light-time. This was the birth of the mammalian sleep, the main finding of this report. Improved audition and olfaction counterweighed the visual impairments and facilitated the cortical development. This process is called "The Nocturnal Evolutionary Bottleneck". Pre-mammals were nocturnal until the Cretacic-Paleogene extinction of dinosaurs. Some early mammals returned to diurnal activity, and this allowed the high variability in sleeping patterns observed today. The traits of Waking Idleness are almost identical to those of behavioral sleep, including homeostatic regulation. This is another important finding of this report. In summary, behavioral sleep seems to be an upgrade of Waking Idleness Indeed, the trait that never fails to show is quiescence. We conclude that the main function of sleep consists in guaranteeing it during a part of the daily cycle.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2661517-4
    ISSN 2079-7737
    ISSN 2079-7737
    DOI 10.3390/biology11050734
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Bright Light Therapy and Circadian Cycles in Institutionalized Elders.

    Rubiño, José A / Gamundí, Antoni / Akaarir, Mourad / Canellas, Francesca / Rial, Rubén / Nicolau, M Cristina

    Frontiers in neuroscience

    2020  Volume 14, Page(s) 359

    Abstract: Background: Bright light therapy has been found to be an efficient method to improve the main parameters of circadian rhythms. However, institutionalized elders may suffer reduced exposure to diurnal light, which may impair their circadian rhythms, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Bright light therapy has been found to be an efficient method to improve the main parameters of circadian rhythms. However, institutionalized elders may suffer reduced exposure to diurnal light, which may impair their circadian rhythms, cognitive performance, and general health status.
    Objectives: To analyze the effects of 5 days of morning exposure for 90 min to bright light therapy (BLT) applied to institutionalized elderly subjects with mild/moderate cognitive impairment.
    Subjects: Thirty-seven institutionalized subjects of both sexes, aged 70-93 years.
    Methods: The study lasted three consecutive weeks. During the second week the subjects were submitted to BLT (7000-10,000 lux at eye level) on a daily basis. Cognition, attention, and sleep quality were evaluated at the beginning of the first and third week. Circadian variables were recorded continuously throughout the 3 weeks. Non-invasive holders and validated tests were used to analyze the variables studied.
    Results: After BLT we have found significant improvements in general cognitive capabilities, sleep quality and in the main parameters of the subject's circadian rhythms. The results show that merely 90 min of BLT for five days seems to achieve a significant improvement in a constellation of circadian, sleep, health, and cognitive factors.
    Conclusion: Bright light therapy is an affordable, effective, fast-acting therapy for age-related disturbances, with many advantages over pharmacological alternatives. We hypothesize these effects were the result of activating the residual activity of their presumably weakened circadian system.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-06
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2411902-7
    ISSN 1662-453X ; 1662-4548
    ISSN (online) 1662-453X
    ISSN 1662-4548
    DOI 10.3389/fnins.2020.00359
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Effects of differences in the availability of light upon the circadian rhythms of institutionalized elderly.

    Rubiño, José A / Gamundí, Antoni / Akaarir, Mourad / Cañellas, Francesca / Rial, Rubén / Ballester, Neus / Nicolau, M Cristina

    Chronobiology international

    2017  Volume 34, Issue 9, Page(s) 1197–1210

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the availability of diurnal and nocturnal light in two residences for aged persons (R1 and R2, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain). We found that the R1 inmates were exposed to lower amounts of light during ... ...

    Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the availability of diurnal and nocturnal light in two residences for aged persons (R1 and R2, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain). We found that the R1 inmates were exposed to lower amounts of light during waking time and higher amounts during sleeping time. The main traits of the circadian rhythms and the quality of sleep in the inmates of the two residences were found to be positively related to the availability of light during waking time and negatively to the increased light exposure during bed time. In addition, the sleep of R1 inmates suffered higher disturbances as a consequence of the different policy for nocturnal diapers check and change. Altogether, these two factors may explain the differences observed in the two residences regarding the circadian rhythms, health status and quality of life. Two conclusions stem from these results: (1) the circadian rhythms of aged people are particularly sensitive to the contrast between diurnal and nocturnal light and (2) the nursing staff of institutions for aged people must receive specific formation on the best practices for maintaining the circadian health of aged people.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging/physiology ; Circadian Rhythm/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Light ; Male ; Melatonin/metabolism ; Quality of Life ; Sleep/physiology ; Spain ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances Melatonin (JL5DK93RCL)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-09-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 998996-1
    ISSN 1525-6073 ; 0742-0528
    ISSN (online) 1525-6073
    ISSN 0742-0528
    DOI 10.1080/07420528.2017.1356840
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2068: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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