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  1. Article ; Online: Food, microbiome and colorectal cancer.

    Niederreiter, Lukas / Adolph, Timon E / Tilg, Herbert

    Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver

    2018  Volume 50, Issue 7, Page(s) 647–652

    Abstract: You are what you eat. This adage has been confirmed by many studies demonstrating the high impact of nutrition on risk of cardiovascular diseases, many malignancies and other diseases. Dietary factors are of major relevance in the evolution of colorectal ...

    Abstract You are what you eat. This adage has been confirmed by many studies demonstrating the high impact of nutrition on risk of cardiovascular diseases, many malignancies and other diseases. Dietary factors are of major relevance in the evolution of colorectal carcinoma. Various aspects are involved in colorectal carcinoma pathogenesis including genetics, lifestyle, age, chronic inflammation and others. It has only recently been recognized that the gut microbiota might reflect an important missing link in the interaction between diet and subsequent colorectal carcinoma development. Dietary factors are a major confounding factor affecting the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Several preclinical and clinical studies have recently suggested a role for the intestinal microbiota in potentially initiating and driving colorectal carcinoma. Therefore it is increasingly acknowledged that dietary factors might favor carcinogenesis via manipulation of the gut microbiota via potential outgrowth of certain bacterial populations, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli or Bacteroides fragilis. Excitingly, recent large clinical studies also highlighted a role for the gut microbiota and in particular Akkermansia muciniphila in tumor response toward chemotherapeutic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors. This review will concentrate on the role of dietary factors in affecting the microbiota and implications in colorectal carcinoma.
    MeSH term(s) Colorectal Neoplasms/microbiology ; Diet ; Food ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-03
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1459373-7
    ISSN 1878-3562 ; 1125-8055
    ISSN (online) 1878-3562
    ISSN 1125-8055
    DOI 10.1016/j.dld.2018.03.030
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Decline in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding during COVID-19 pandemic after initiation of lockdown in Austria.

    Schmiderer, Andreas / Schwaighofer, Hubert / Niederreiter, Lukas / Profanter, Christoph / Steinle, Hartmut / Ziachehabi, Alexander / Tilg, Herbert

    Endoscopy

    2020  Volume 52, Issue 11, Page(s) 1036–1038

    Abstract: Background: COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world. The Austrian government implemented a lockdown on 16 March to contain further spread of the disease. We investigated the effects of lockdown on acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in ... ...

    Abstract Background: COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world. The Austrian government implemented a lockdown on 16 March to contain further spread of the disease. We investigated the effects of lockdown on acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in Austria.
    Methods: We contacted 98 Austrian hospitals performing emergency endoscopies. The hospitals were asked to report upper GI endoscopies performed for recent hematemesis, melena, or both, and exhibiting endoscopically visible signs of bleeding. The study period was from 3 weeks before (calendar Week 9) to 3 weeks after (Week 14) initiation of the lockdown.
    Results: 61 % of Austrian hospitals, and importantly all major state hospitals, responded. A total of 575 upper GI bleedings occurred during the 3 weeks before and 341 during the 3 weeks after initiation of lockdown (40.7 % reduction). There was a 54.6 % decline in nonvariceal bleeding events at Week 14 compared with Week 9 (89 vs. 196), whereas rates of variceal hemorrhage did not change (15 vs. 17).
    Conclusions: National lockdown resulted in a dramatic decrease in upper GI bleeding events in Austrian hospitals.
    MeSH term(s) Austria ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Communicable Disease Control ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Endoscopy ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices/diagnosis ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices/epidemiology ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices/therapy ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/epidemiology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Social Isolation
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-09
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80120-3
    ISSN 1438-8812 ; 0013-726X
    ISSN (online) 1438-8812
    ISSN 0013-726X
    DOI 10.1055/a-1178-4656
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Das duktale Adenokarzinom des Pankreas

    Djanani, Angela / Niederreiter, Lukas / Niederreiter, Markus / Schmiderer, Andreas

    Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift : Skriptum : Kongressjournal

    2019  Volume 16, Issue 6, Page(s) 7

    Language German
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2142526-7
    ISSN 1613-3803 ; 0043-5341
    Database Current Contents Medicine

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  4. Article ; Online: Case report of a COVID-19-associated myocardial infarction with no obstructive coronary arteries: the mystery of the phantom embolus or local endothelitis.

    Burkert, Francesco Robert / Niederreiter, Lukas / Dichtl, Wolfgang / Mayr, Agnes / Virgolini, Irene / Klauser, Andrea / Weiss, Günter / Bellmann-Weiler, Rosa

    European heart journal. Case reports

    2021  Volume 5, Issue 2, Page(s) ytaa521

    Abstract: Background: Since the first documented outbreak of a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome inducing Coronavirus in China at the end of 2019 the virus has spread to all continents, leading the WHO to declare a pandemic in March 2020. While this virus ... ...

    Abstract Background: Since the first documented outbreak of a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome inducing Coronavirus in China at the end of 2019 the virus has spread to all continents, leading the WHO to declare a pandemic in March 2020. While this virus primarily targets the alveoli in the lungs, multiple authors have described an increased rate of thrombo-embolic events in affected patients. We present this case of a myocardial infarction with no obstructive coronary atherosclerosis in an otherwise healthy 48-year-old patient.
    Case summary: A 48-year-old female, presenting with chest pain radiating to her left shoulder with no cardiovascular risk factors other than genetic predisposition, was screened for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and tested positive. Although computed tomography angiography excluded obstructive coronary heart disease, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed an acute myocardial infarction with no obstructive coronary arteries of the inferior wall. The patient was treated with dual anti-platelet therapy, an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor and a statin, and assigned to a cardiac rehabilitation program.
    Conclusion: We report a serious thrombo-embolic event during an oligosymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in a healthy, young patient. While these two diseases may have occurred simultaneously, by chance, it is possible that the pro-thrombotic effects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection facilitated the infarction. This case further demonstrates the significant cardiovascular morbidity potentially caused by SARS-CoV-2.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2514-2119
    ISSN (online) 2514-2119
    DOI 10.1093/ehjcr/ytaa521
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammatory bowel disease.

    Niederreiter, Lukas / Kaser, Arthur

    Acta gastro-enterologica Belgica

    2011  Volume 74, Issue 2, Page(s) 330–333

    Abstract: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress arises from the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the ER and elicits the unfolded protein response (UPR), an adaptive signalling pathway which aims at resolving ER stress. Genetic loci that confer risk ... ...

    Abstract Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress arises from the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the ER and elicits the unfolded protein response (UPR), an adaptive signalling pathway which aims at resolving ER stress. Genetic loci that confer risk for both forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) include genes that are centrally involved in the UPR, including X-box binding protein-1 (XBP1), anterior gradient protein-2 (AGR2) and orosomucoid-1-like 3 (ORMDL3). The intestinal epithelium, in particular mucin-secreting goblet and antimicrobial peptide-secreting Paneth cells appear particularly sensitive towards disturbances of the UPR. Supportive of this view are mice with a genetic deletion of Xbp1 specifically in the intestinal epithelium, which develop spontaneous intestinal inflammation histologically remarkably similar to human IBD. Apart from such primary genetic factors that determine the threshold of tolerable ER stress within the epithelium, secondary factors emanating from the environment might intersect with the UPR as well. These secondary factors might include microbial products, inflammatory mediators per se, hypoxia and glucose deprivation, pharmacological agents, and many others. Interaction of such secondary factors in a genetically susceptible host might provide the basis for intestinal inflammation and might provide a framework to investigate gene-environment interactions in human IBD, whereby a normally homeostatic adaptive response (i.e. the UPR) transforms into a potent pathomechanism of intestinal inflammation in the context of unresolved (i.e. unresolvable) ER stress.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/genetics ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/metabolism ; Proteins/genetics ; Proteins/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Stress, Physiological/physiology
    Chemical Substances Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-06
    Publishing country Belgium
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 127060-6
    ISSN 1784-3227 ; 0001-5644
    ISSN 1784-3227 ; 0001-5644
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Decline in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding during COVID-19 pandemic after initiation of lockdown in Austria

    Schmiderer, Andreas / Schwaighofer, Hubert / Niederreiter, Lukas / Profanter, Christoph / Steinle, Hartmut / Ziachehabi, Alexander / Tilg, Herbert

    Endoscopy

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world. The Austrian government implemented a lockdown on 16 March to contain further spread of the disease. We investigated the effects of lockdown on acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world. The Austrian government implemented a lockdown on 16 March to contain further spread of the disease. We investigated the effects of lockdown on acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in Austria. METHODS: We contacted 98 Austrian hospitals performing emergency endoscopies. The hospitals were asked to report upper GI endoscopies performed for recent hematemesis, melena, or both, and exhibiting endoscopically visible signs of bleeding. The study period was from 3 weeks before (calendar Week 9) to 3 weeks after (Week 14) initiation of the lockdown. RESULTS: 61 % of Austrian hospitals, and importantly all major state hospitals, responded. A total of 575 upper GI bleedings occurred during the 3 weeks before and 341 during the 3 weeks after initiation of lockdown (40.7 % reduction). There was a 54.6 % decline in nonvariceal bleeding events at Week 14 compared with Week 9 (89 vs. 196), whereas rates of variceal hemorrhage did not change (15 vs. 17). CONCLUSIONS: National lockdown resulted in a dramatic decrease in upper GI bleeding events in Austrian hospitals.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #264811
    Database COVID19

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  7. Article: Decline in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding during Covid-19 pandemic after lockdown in Austria

    Schmiderer, Andreas / Schwaighofer, Hubert / Niederreiter, Lukas / Profanter, Christoph / Steinle, Hartmut / Ziachehabi, Alexander / Tilg, Herbert

    Endoscopy

    Abstract: Background and study aims COVID-19 disease has rapidly spread all over the world. The Austrian government has implemented a lockdown to contain further spread of this disease on March 16th. We investigated the effects of lockdown on acute upper ... ...

    Abstract Background and study aims COVID-19 disease has rapidly spread all over the world. The Austrian government has implemented a lockdown to contain further spread of this disease on March 16th. We investigated the effects of lockdown on acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in Austria. Patients and methods We contacted 98 Austrian hospitals performing emergency endoscopies. The hospitals were asked to report upper GI endoscopies performed because of recent hematemesis, melena, or both and exhibiting endoscopically visible signs of bleeding. Investigated time points included three weeks before and after lockdown. Results 61% of Austrian hospitals and importantly all major state hospitals responded. 575 upper GI bleedings occurred in the three weeks before and 341 after lockdown (40.7% reduction). When comparing the first and last calendar week of investigation we observed an almost 55% decline in nonvariceal bleeding events (calendar week 9 versus 14: 196 versus 89) whereas rates of variceal hemorrhage did not change (calendar week 9 versus 14: 17 versus 15). Conclusions National lockdown resulted in a dramatic decrease in upper gastrointestinal bleeding events.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #32408356
    Database COVID19

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  8. Article: Decline in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding during COVID-19 pandemic after initiation of lockdown in Austria

    Schmiderer, Andreas / Schwaighofer, Hubert / Niederreiter, Lukas / Profanter, Christoph / Steinle, Hartmut / Ziachehabi, Alexander / Tilg, Herbert

    Endoscopy

    2020  Volume 52, Issue 11, Page(s) 1036–1038

    Abstract: Background: COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world. The Austrian government implemented a lockdown on 16 March to contain further spread of the disease. We investigated the effects of lockdown on acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in ... ...

    Abstract Background: COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world. The Austrian government implemented a lockdown on 16 March to contain further spread of the disease. We investigated the effects of lockdown on acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in Austria.
    Methods: We contacted 98 Austrian hospitals performing emergency endoscopies. The hospitals were asked to report upper GI endoscopies performed for recent hematemesis, melena, or both, and exhibiting endoscopically visible signs of bleeding. The study period was from 3 weeks before (calendar Week 9) to 3 weeks after (Week 14) initiation of the lockdown.
    Results: 61 % of Austrian hospitals, and importantly all major state hospitals, responded. A total of 575 upper GI bleedings occurred during the 3 weeks before and 341 during the 3 weeks after initiation of lockdown (40.7 % reduction). There was a 54.6 % decline in nonvariceal bleeding events at Week 14 compared with Week 9 (89 vs. 196), whereas rates of variceal hemorrhage did not change (15 vs. 17).
    Conclusions: National lockdown resulted in a dramatic decrease in upper GI bleeding events in Austrian hospitals.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-14
    Publisher Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 80120-3
    ISSN 1438-8812 ; 0013-726X
    ISSN (online) 1438-8812
    ISSN 0013-726X
    DOI 10.1055/a-1178-4656
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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  9. Article ; Online: Decline in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding during COVID-19 pandemic after initiation of lockdown in Austria

    Schmiderer, Andreas / Schwaighofer, Hubert / Niederreiter, Lukas / Profanter, Christoph / Steinle, Hartmut / Ziachehabi, Alexander / Tilg, Herbert

    Endoscopy

    2020  Volume 52, Issue 11, Page(s) 1036–1038

    Abstract: Background COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world. The Austrian government implemented a lockdown on 16 March to contain further spread of the disease. We investigated the effects of lockdown on acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in Austria. ...

    Abstract Background COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world. The Austrian government implemented a lockdown on 16 March to contain further spread of the disease. We investigated the effects of lockdown on acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in Austria. Methods We contacted 98 Austrian hospitals performing emergency endoscopies. The hospitals were asked to report upper GI endoscopies performed for recent hematemesis, melena, or both, and exhibiting endoscopically visible signs of bleeding. The study period was from 3 weeks before (calendar Week 9) to 3 weeks after (Week 14) initiation of the lockdown. Results 61 % of Austrian hospitals, and importantly all major state hospitals, responded. A total of 575 upper GI bleedings occurred during the 3 weeks before and 341 during the 3 weeks after initiation of lockdown (40.7 % reduction). There was a 54.6 % decline in nonvariceal bleeding events at Week 14 compared with Week 9 (89 vs. 196), whereas rates of variceal hemorrhage did not change (15 vs. 17). Conclusions National lockdown resulted in a dramatic decrease in upper GI bleeding events in Austrian hospitals.
    Keywords Gastroenterology ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 80120-3
    ISSN 1438-8812 ; 0013-726X
    ISSN (online) 1438-8812
    ISSN 0013-726X
    DOI 10.1055/a-1178-4656
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Anti-IL-12/23 in Crohn's disease: bench and bedside.

    Niederreiter, Lukas / Adolph, Timon Erik / Kaser, Arthur

    Current drug targets

    2013  Volume 14, Issue 12, Page(s) 1379–1384

    Abstract: The heterodimeric cytokines IL-12 and IL-23 play a key role in T helper cell and innate lymphocyte cell differentiation and expansion. They are composed of a shared p40 chain, which pairs with a p35 or p19 chain to form IL-12 and IL-23, respectively. ... ...

    Abstract The heterodimeric cytokines IL-12 and IL-23 play a key role in T helper cell and innate lymphocyte cell differentiation and expansion. They are composed of a shared p40 chain, which pairs with a p35 or p19 chain to form IL-12 and IL-23, respectively. Preclinical model systems have predicted an important role of the p40 chain in intestinal inflammation. Moreover, genome-wide association studies have revealed that variants of the gene encoding the IL-23 receptor, as well as the locus harboring the gene encoding the p40 chain, confer genetic risk for developing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Two monoclonal antibodies neutralizing the p40 chain (ustekinumab and briakinumab) and hence blocking both IL-12 and IL-23 activity, have been developed, which demonstrated clinical benefit in early phase trials, and hinted towards efficacy in a subpopulation of patients with CD who had failed prior anti-TNF antibody treatment. A dedicated phase 3 clinical trial of ustekinumab in patients suffering from moderate-to-severe CD who had previously failed anti-TNF antibody treatment indeed demonstrated a significant benefit over placebo for clinical response, but not remission, in this particularly difficult to treat patient population. Here we review the immunological and genetic background to anti-IL-12/IL-23-directed therapeutic strategies, and the lessons that can be learned from results of these and related clinical trials that tackle associated biological pathways.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Crohn Disease/drug therapy ; Crohn Disease/genetics ; Crohn Disease/immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; Interleukin-12 Subunit p40/antagonists & inhibitors ; Interleukin-12 Subunit p40/immunology ; Interleukin-23 Subunit p19/antagonists & inhibitors ; Interleukin-23 Subunit p19/immunology ; Ustekinumab
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Interleukin-12 Subunit p40 ; Interleukin-23 Subunit p19 ; briakinumab (978I8M0P8X) ; Ustekinumab (FU77B4U5Z0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-10-14
    Publishing country United Arab Emirates
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2064859-5
    ISSN 1873-5592 ; 1389-4501
    ISSN (online) 1873-5592
    ISSN 1389-4501
    DOI 10.2174/13894501113146660229
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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