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Article ; Online: Epidemiology of COVID-19

Mehrdad Halaji / Mohammad Heiat / Niloofar Faraji / Reza Ranjbar

Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, Vol 26, Iss 1, Pp 82-

An updated review

2021 Volume 82

Abstract: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a zoonotic infection, is responsible for COVID-19 pandemic and also is known as a public health concern. However, so far, the origin of the causative virus and its intermediate hosts is ... ...

Abstract	The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a zoonotic infection, is responsible for COVID-19 pandemic and also is known as a public health concern. However, so far, the origin of the causative virus and its intermediate hosts is yet to be fully determined. SARS-CoV-2 contains nearly 30,000 letters of RNA that allows the virus to infect cells and hijack them to make new viruses. On the other hand, among 14 detected mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 S protein that provide advantages to virus for transmission and evasion form treatment, the D614G mutation (substitution of aspartic acid [D] with glycine [G] in codon 614 was particular which could provide the facilitation of the transmission of the virus and virulence. To date, in contrary to the global effort to come up with various aspects of SARS-CoV-2, there are still great pitfalls in the knowledge of this disease and many angles remain unclear. That's why, the monitoring and periodical investigation of this emerging infection in an epidemiological study seems to be essential. The present study characterizes the current epidemiological status (i.e., possible transmission route, mortality and morbidity risk, emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, and clinical feature) of the SARS-CoV-2 in the world during these pandemic.
Keywords	covid-19 ; pandemics ; sars-cov-2 variants ; transmission ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Investigating the effect of ghrelin on improving memory and learning ability in animals

Mohaya Farzin / Parastoo Jafarzade / Niloofar Faraji / Seyedeh Maral Mousavi / Mostafa Yousefi

Journal of Current Biomedical Reports, Vol 2, Iss 2, Pp 69-

A systematic review

2021 Volume 73

Abstract: Ghrelin does an important role in neurological functions such as memory, learning, and cognition as well. There is some evidence that ghrelin can improve memory. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ghrelin on rat memory. A systematic search was ... ...

Abstract	Ghrelin does an important role in neurological functions such as memory, learning, and cognition as well. There is some evidence that ghrelin can improve memory. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ghrelin on rat memory. A systematic search was conducted to identify papers published by Iranian authors in the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar electronic databases from January 2010 to December 2019 with the PRISMA statement. Totally, 547 animals were listed in our systematic review. All of the animals were male Wistar rats with a mean weight of 250±280 g. The Morris Water Behavior behavioral test and the passive avoidance task were performed to evaluate memory. Truly, injection of ghrelin appears to enhance the compactness of the synapse dendritic spines in the hypothalamus. These findings indicate that ghrelin has a prospective role to recover learning and memory ability in animal models, suggesting it as a candidate therapy for memory.
Keywords	ghrelin ; memory ; depression ; memory disorders ; Science ; Q ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	http://parspublisher.ir/
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics of Male Workers in a Pesticide Production Factory in Guilan Province, Iran

Mir Saeed Attarchi / Fatemeh Nejatifar / Hamid Mohammadi Kojidi / Zahra Atrkar Roushan / Niloofar Faraji / Maryam Joshan / Fatemeh Rahattalab / Roholah Amini

Majallah-i dānishgāh-i ̒ulūm-i pizishkī-i Arāk, Vol 25, Iss 2, Pp 270-

2022 Volume 281

Abstract: Background and Aim The high use of pesticides has increased the concern about its possible harm to individual and environment health. Chronic exposure to pesticides has serious effects on different body organs even before the onset of clinical symptoms. ... ...

Abstract	Background and Aim The high use of pesticides has increased the concern about its possible harm to individual and environment health. Chronic exposure to pesticides has serious effects on different body organs even before the onset of clinical symptoms. In this study, we aim to evaluate clinical and biochemical characteristics of male workers in a pesticide production factory in Guilan province, Iran. Methods & Materials This cross-sectional study was conducted on 99 male workers exposed to pesticide and 107 people without exposure who were employed in a pesticide production factory in Guilan and selected using a convenience sampling method in 2020. Their demographical data as well as clinical characteristics such as respiratory symptoms (cough, shortness of breath, etc.), neurological symptoms (fatigue, tremors, cramps, muscle weakness, etc.), psychological symptoms (sleep disorders, anxiety, etc.) and skin symptoms (redness, itching, etc.) were collected from the occupational health records of the workers. Finally, the biochemical parameters were compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS software, version 16. Ethical Considerations This study was approved by the Research Ethics committee of Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran (Code: IR.GUMS.REC.1399.632). Informed consent was obtained from all participants in this study. Results The frequency of symptoms such as headache, itchy skin, cough, and sleep disorders was higher in the exposed group (P<0.05). Based on the biochemical findings, blood urea level, creatinine level, alkaline phosphatase, and fasting blood sugar level were significantly higher in the exposed group (P<0.05). Thrombocytosis was observed in 9.09% of exposed workers, which was higher in those with more than 11 years of work experience. Conclusion Chronic exposure to pesticide can cause thrombosis, changes in biochemical parameters, and clinical symptoms. It is recommended that biological monitoring should be conducted in exposed workers ...
Keywords	pesticides ; occupational exposure ; toxicity ; hematological tests ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	150
Language	Persian
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Arak Medical University
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The association between the volume of the gallbladder based on sonographic findings and demographical data in the PERSIAN Guilan cohort study (PGCS)

Farahnaz Joukar / Mohammad Taghi Ashoobi / Ahmad Alizadeh / Tahereh Zeinali / Niloofar Faraji / Mohammadjavad Tabatabaii / Roya Mansour-Ghanaei / Mohammadreza Naghipour / Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei

BMC Research Notes, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 6

Abstract: Abstract Background Ultrasound is an important method to determine the volume of the gallbladder and check its structure. Considering the variation in the size and volume of the gallbladder in disease and physiological conditions, determining the volume ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Ultrasound is an important method to determine the volume of the gallbladder and check its structure. Considering the variation in the size and volume of the gallbladder in disease and physiological conditions, determining the volume of the gallbladder is clinically valuable. This study was carried out to evaluate the gallbladder volume and its association with patients’ demographic data in the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies of Iranian Adults (PERSIAN) Guilan cohort study (PGCS) population. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 957 individuals aged 35–70 participated in determining the gallbladder volume by a radiologist based on the ultrasound method. The demographical data were collected using a questionnaire. After fasting for 12 h, the ultrasound was performed with an Ultrasonic device (Sonix SP series) with a 3.5 to 5 MHz probe. Results The total frequency of gallbladder lesions was 2.2%. The results showed a significant association between marriage and gender with the presence or absence of lesions in the studied participants (P < 0.05). Also, significant differences were reported between the volume of gallbladder and gender, body mass index (BMI), social and economic status (SES), metabolic equivalent of task (MET), history of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and hypertension (P < 0.05). The results of a linear regression represented a significant association between gender, BMI, MET, and CVD and the mean volume of the gallbladder (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant association between the presence or absence of a lesion and the individuals’ average gallbladder volume (P > 0.05). Conclusion According to our results, gender, BMI, MET, and CVD were significantly associated with gallbladder volume.
Keywords	Gallbladder ; Sonography ; Fasting gallbladder volume ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score efficiency in predicting the mortality of intensive care unit admitted COVID-19 patients

Mohammad Haghighi / Hossein Khoshrang / Siamak Rimaz / Tofigh Yaghubi Kalurazi / Zahra Atrkar Roushan / Samaneh Ghazanfar Tehran / Paniz Rezaei / Niloofar Faraji

Journal of Current Biomedical Reports, Vol 0, Iss 0, Pp 168-

2021 Volume 175

Abstract: Assessing the severity of the disease at the time of hospitalization can reduce the mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). For this stance, various scoring systems have been described to predict mortality rates. Sequential organ ... ...

Abstract	Assessing the severity of the disease at the time of hospitalization can reduce the mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). For this stance, various scoring systems have been described to predict mortality rates. Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) is one of the scoring systems which have been used in this study. In order to calculate the SOFA score, demographic and characteristics information, clinical status, and laboratory findings were recorded from 154 patients with COVID-19, who have been admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for a period of 6 months. SOFA score was calculated in three time periods at the time of hospitalization, 72 hours after hospitalization, and the last day of hospitalization. Based on the outcome of the disease (death or recovery), patients were divided into two groups, and the results were analyzed in both groups. Statistical analysis has represented that the SOFA score was significantly higher in patients who died to compare with recovered ones in all time periods. Our findings suggest that SOFA scoring system can be used to predict mortality rate in ICU admitted COVID-19 patients.
Keywords	covid-19 ; sofa score ; icu ; mortality ; Science ; Q ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	http://parspublisher.ir/
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Gram-Positive Isolates from Burn Patients in Velayat Burn Center in Rasht, North of Iran

Mobina Hosseini / Meysam Hasannejad-Bibalan / Tofigh Yaghoubi / Mohammadreza Mobayen / Parisa Khoshdoz / Sara Khoshdoz / Niloofar Faraji / Hadi Sedigh Ebrahim-Saraie

Medical Laboratory Journal, Vol 15, Iss 6, Pp 52-

2021 Volume 57

Abstract: Background and objectives: Bacterial contamination of wounds is a serious problem, particularly in burn patients. Gram-positive bacteria are the predominant cause of infection in newly hospitalized burn cases. This study aimed to survey the prevalence ... ...

Abstract	Background and objectives: Bacterial contamination of wounds is a serious problem, particularly in burn patients. Gram-positive bacteria are the predominant cause of infection in newly hospitalized burn cases. This study aimed to survey the prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of gram-positive bacterial isolates among burn patients in Rasht, North of Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on burn patients with a positive culture for gram-positive isolates who were hospitalized in the Velayat Burn Center in Rasht, North of Iran, during 2017-2020. The isolates were identified using standard microbiological methods. Moreover, the antibiotic resistance pattern was determined by the disk diffusion method. Results: During the study period, 671 bacterial cultures were obtained, of which a total of 16 gram-positive isolates were taken from the patients. The frequency of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus spp. was 68.7%, 18.8%, and 12.5%, respectively. In addition, the highest rate of resistance in CoNS isolates was against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The highest rate of resistant among S. aureus isolates was recorded against penicillin. Moreover, Enterococcus faecalis isolates showed a high level of resistance to ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin. All isolates were susceptible to teicoplanin. Moreover, the frequency of methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates was 66.7%. Conclusion: Given the increasing prevalence of drug-resistant strains, especially in susceptible burn patients, it is imperative to analyze the bacterial etiology of nosocomial infections periodically and epidemiologically.
Keywords	staphylococcus aureus ; enterococcus ; burns ; gram-positive bacterial infections ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Golestan University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of hematological indices among insecticides factory workers

Fatemeh Nejatifar / Mohammad Abdollahi / Mirsaeed Attarchi / Zahra Atrkar Roushan / Alireza Etemadi Deilami / Maryam Joshan / Fateme Rahattalab / Niloofar Faraji / Hamid Mohammadi Kojidi

Heliyon, Vol 8, Iss 3, Pp e09040- (2022)

2022

Abstract: Insecticides are commonly used pesticides in the world. Chronic exposure to insecticides has adverse effects on various human body organs. In this study, hematological findings were assessed in workers in an insecticide manufacturing plant. Hematological ...

Abstract	Insecticides are commonly used pesticides in the world. Chronic exposure to insecticides has adverse effects on various human body organs. In this study, hematological findings were assessed in workers in an insecticide manufacturing plant. Hematological parameters and clinical symptoms were recorded in 99 workers exposed to insecticides and 107 workers not exposed to them in a cross-sectional study. Assessment of the hematological results showed a higher prevalence of thrombocytosis in the exposed group than the non-exposed group (P < 0.05). Mean white blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts, anisocytosis of red blood cells (RBCs), and neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR) were significantly higher in the exposed group compared to the non-exposed group (P < 0.05). Prevalence rates of headache, itchy skin, cough, and sleep disorders were higher in the exposed group than in the non-exposed group (P < 0.05). Chronic exposure to insecticides can alter hematological parameters in the normal range. Occupational exposure to insecticides may increase WBCs, platelet count, NLR, and red cell distribution width (RDW). It can also cause thrombocytosis. Complete blood count (CBC), as an inexpensive and accessible tool, can help monitor workers' health status exposed to insecticides properly.
Keywords	Insecticides ; Occupational exposure ; Hematologic tests ; Chronic toxicity ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Whole transcriptome–based skin virome profiling in typical epidermodysplasia verruciformis reveals α-, β-, and γ-HPV infections

Amir Hossein Saeidian / Leila Youssefian / Mahtab Naji / Hamidreza Mahmoudi / Samantha M. Barnada / Charles Huang / Karim Naghipoor / Amir Hozhabrpour / Jason S. Park / Flavia Manzo Margiotta / Fatemeh Vahidnezhad / Zahra Saffarian / Kambiz Kamyab-Hesari / Mohammad Tolouei / Niloofar Faraji / Seyyede Zeinab Azimi / Ghazal Namdari / Parvin Mansouri / Jean-Laurent Casanova /

Vivien Béziat / Emmanuelle Jouanguy / Jouni Uitto / Hassan Vahidnezhad

JCI Insight, Vol 8, Iss

2023 Volume 5

Abstract: HPVs are DNA viruses include approximately 450 types that are classified into 5 genera (α-, β-, γ-, μ-, and ν-HPV). The γ- and β-HPVs are present in low copy numbers in healthy individuals; however, in patients with an inborn error of immunity, certain ... ...

Abstract	HPVs are DNA viruses include approximately 450 types that are classified into 5 genera (α-, β-, γ-, μ-, and ν-HPV). The γ- and β-HPVs are present in low copy numbers in healthy individuals; however, in patients with an inborn error of immunity, certain species of β-HPVs can cause epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV), manifesting as recalcitrant cutaneous warts and skin cancer. EV presents as either typical or atypical. Manifestations of typical EV are limited to the skin and are caused by abnormal keratinocyte-intrinsic immunity to β-HPVs due to pathogenic sequence variants in TMC6, TMC8, or CIB1. We applied a transcriptome-based computational pipeline, VirPy, to RNA extracted from normal-appearing skin and wart samples of patients with typical EV to explore the viral and human genetic determinants. In 26 patients, 9 distinct biallelic mutations were detected in TMC6, TMC8, and CIB1, 7 of which are previously unreported to our knowledge. Additionally, 20 different HPV species, including 3 α-HPVs, 16 β-HPVs, and 1 γ-HPV, were detected, 8 of which are reported here for the first time to our knowledge in patients with EV (β-HPV-37, -47, -80, -151, and -159; α-HPV-2 and -57; and γ-HPV-128). This study expands the TMC6, TMC8, and CIB1 sequence variant spectrum and implicates new HPV subtypes in the pathogenesis of typical EV.
Keywords	Dermatology ; Genetics ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	American Society for Clinical investigation
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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