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Article ; Online: The Impact of Item Difficulty on Judgment of Confidence—A Cross-Level Moderated Mediation Model

Yuke Zhou / Ning Jia

Journal of Intelligence, Vol 11, Iss 113, p

2023 Volume 113

Abstract: The factors that influence metacognitive judgments often appear in combination, rather than in isolation. The multi-cue utilization model proposes that individuals often make use of multiple cues when making judgments. Previous studies have focused on ... ...

Abstract	The factors that influence metacognitive judgments often appear in combination, rather than in isolation. The multi-cue utilization model proposes that individuals often make use of multiple cues when making judgments. Previous studies have focused on the integration of intrinsic and extrinsic cues, while the current investigation examines the integration and influence of intrinsic cues and mnemonic cues. Judgment of confidence is a common form of metacognitive judgment. In this study, 37 college students completed Raven’s Progressive Matrices and made judgments of confidence. We used the cross-level moderated mediation model to explore the impact of item difficulty on confidence judgments. Our results indicated that item difficulty negatively predicts the level of confidence. Item difficulty has an impact on the confidence evaluation by altering the processing fluency of intermediate variables. The joint effect of intrinsic cue item difficulty and mnemonic cue processing fluency influences confidence judgments. Additionally, we found that intelligence moderates the effect of difficulty on processing fluency across levels. Specifically, individuals with higher intelligence exhibited lower fluency on difficult tasks and higher fluency on simple tasks than individuals with lower intelligence. These findings expand on the multi-cue utilization model and integrate the influence mechanism of intrinsic and mnemonic cues on confidence judgments. Finally, we propose and verify a cross-level moderated mediation model that explains how item difficulty affects confidence judgments.
Keywords	judgment of confidence ; item difficulty ; processing fluency ; intelligence ; cross-level moderated mediation model ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Subject code	005
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Research progress on oxidative stress regulatory mechanisms in Streptococcus mutans

NING Jia / HU Xin / CHENG Xingqun

口腔疾病防治, Vol 31, Iss 4, Pp 295-

2023 Volume 300

Abstract: The oral microecological balance is closely associated with the development of dental caries. Oxidative stress is one of the important factors regulating the composition and structure of the oral microbial community. Streptococcus mutans is closely ... ...

Abstract	The oral microecological balance is closely associated with the development of dental caries. Oxidative stress is one of the important factors regulating the composition and structure of the oral microbial community. Streptococcus mutans is closely related to the occurrence and development of dental caries. The ability of S. mutans to withstand oxidative stress affects its survival competitiveness in biofilms. The oxidative stress regulatory mechanisms of S. mutans include the synthesis of reductase, the regulation of iron and manganese uptake by metalloregulatory proteins, transcription regulator Spx, extracellular uptake of glutathione and other related signal transduction systems. The current research focuses on how S. mutans adapts to a complex external environment through an oxidative stress response and its influence on oral microecology. We can design targeted small molecular compounds for key signaling pathways to inhibit oxidative stress and weaken the virulence of S. mutans, which is important for oral microecological modulation and dental caries prevention and treatment.
Keywords	streptococcus mutans ; oxidative stress ; hydrogen peroxide ; oral microecology ; dental caries ; dental plaque biofilm ; cariogenic mechanism ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	670
Language	Chinese
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Editorial Department of Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cue Sources and Cue Utilization Patterns of Social Mentalizing during Two-Person Interactions

Wenwu Dai / Zhaolan Li / Ning Jia

Journal of Intelligence, Vol 11, Iss 173, p

2023 Volume 173

Abstract: Social mentalizing plays a crucial role in two-person interactions. Depending on the target of inference and the content being inferred, social mentalizing primarily exists in two forms: first-order mentalizing and second-order mentalizing. Our research ... ...

Abstract	Social mentalizing plays a crucial role in two-person interactions. Depending on the target of inference and the content being inferred, social mentalizing primarily exists in two forms: first-order mentalizing and second-order mentalizing. Our research aims to investigate the cue sources and cue utilization patterns of social mentalizing during two-person interactions. Our study created an experimental situation of a two-person interaction and used the “Spot the difference” game to reveal our research question with multi-stage tasks. Our study was divided into two experiments, Experiment 1 and Experiment 2, which examined the cue sources and cue utilization patterns of first- and second-order mentalizing, respectively. The results of the experiments showed that (1) self-performance and other performance are significant cues utilized by individuals during social mentalizing. (2) Individuals employ discrepancies to modulate the relationship between self-performance and first-order mentalizing as well as to adjust the relationship between otherperformance and second-order mentalizing. The results of this study further complement the dual-processing model of mindreading and the anchoring and adjustment hypothesis during social inference.
Keywords	first-order mentalizing ; second-order mentalizing ; social mentalizing ; cue sources ; cue utilization pattern ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: A Comprehensive Review of Surface Acoustic Wave-Enabled Acoustic Droplet Ejection Technology and Its Applications.

Ning, Jia / Lei, Yulin / Hu, Hong / Gai, Chenhui

Micromachines

2023 Volume 14, Issue 8

Abstract: This review focuses on the development of surface acoustic wave-enabled acoustic drop ejection (SAW-ADE) technology, which utilizes surface acoustic waves to eject droplets from liquids without touching the sample. The technology offers advantages such ... ...

Abstract	This review focuses on the development of surface acoustic wave-enabled acoustic drop ejection (SAW-ADE) technology, which utilizes surface acoustic waves to eject droplets from liquids without touching the sample. The technology offers advantages such as high throughput, high precision, non-contact, and integration with automated systems while saving samples and reagents. The article first provides an overview of the SAW-ADE technology, including its basic theory, simulation verification, and comparison with other types of acoustic drop ejection technology. The influencing factors of SAW-ADE technology are classified into four categories: fluid properties, device configuration, presence of channels or chambers, and driving signals. The influencing factors discussed in detail from various aspects, such as the volume, viscosity, and surface tension of the liquid; the type of substrate material, interdigital transducers, and the driving waveform; sessile droplets and fluid in channels/chambers; and the power, frequency, and modulation of the input signal. The ejection performance of droplets is influenced by various factors, and their optimization can be achieved by taking into account all of the above factors and designing appropriate configurations. Additionally, the article briefly introduces the application scenarios of SAW-ADE technology in bioprinters and chemical analyses and provides prospects for future development. The article contributes to the field of microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip technology and may help researchers to design and optimize SAW-ADE systems for specific applications.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2620864-7
ISSN	2072-666X
ISSN	2072-666X
DOI	10.3390/mi14081543
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Oxidative stress response: a critical factor affecting the ecological competitiveness of

Cheng, Xingqun / Xu, Xin / Zhou, Xuedong / Ning, Jia

Journal of oral microbiology

2023 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 2292539

Abstract: Oral microecological balance is closely associated with the development of dental caries. Oxidative stress is one of the important factors regulating the composition and structure of the oral microbial community. ...

Abstract	Oral microecological balance is closely associated with the development of dental caries. Oxidative stress is one of the important factors regulating the composition and structure of the oral microbial community.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2523919-3
ISSN	2000-2297
ISSN	2000-2297
DOI	10.1080/20002297.2023.2292539
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Natural Resource Asset Protection and Utilization Planning Based on Insights from Land Storage

Jianhua He / Ning Jia / Bojin Luo / Xiuzheng Zhang / Jiaming Li

Sustainability, Vol 15, Iss 2800, p

2023 Volume 2800

Abstract: The compilation of plans for the protection and utilization of natural resource assets owned by the general population is of great practical significance in supporting the preservation and appreciation of natural resource assets, preventing the loss of ... ...

Abstract	The compilation of plans for the protection and utilization of natural resource assets owned by the general population is of great practical significance in supporting the preservation and appreciation of natural resource assets, preventing the loss of state-owned assets, and realizing the reform goal of unified management of natural resource assets. However, the planplanning for the protection and utilization of natural resource assets in China is still at the exploratory stage, with a lack of normative technical procedures and preparation guidelines. Land storage strengthens the management of land assets and helps to realize the preservation and appreciation of land assets, which can provide supporting evidence for the protection and utilization of other natural resource assets. Therefore, on the basis of analyzing the mechanisms of land storage, and drawing on the theory, methods, and practical experience of land storage, this paper extends the land storage system to the protection and utilization management of other natural resource assets, developing a “body and two wings” planning concept for the protection and utilization of natural resource assets, while hoping to provide a useful reference for the protection and utilization of natural resource assets in China. The study found that the theory, method, and practice of land storage meet the needs of natural resource asset protection and management. The proposed plans for the protection and utilization of natural resource assets owned by the general population, mainly through storage, can not only play a basic role in protecting public-welfare natural resource assets and improving ecological functions, but can also play a key role in the operational management of natural resource assets in terms of optimizing resource allocation, improving the efficiency of resource development and utilization, and promoting high-quality development. This is a valuable study that contributes to realization of the reform goal of unified management of natural resource assets, ...
Keywords	natural resource assets ; natural resource asset protection and utilization planning in China ; land storage ; body and two wings ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	650
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Numerical Investigation into Lateral Behavior of Monopile Due to Scour Enhanced

Ning Jia / Junwei Liu / Xuetao Wang

Applied Sciences, Vol 12, Iss 921, p

Role of State-Dependent Dilatancy

2022 Volume 921

Abstract: The removal of soil during scouring is crucial to the lateral resistance of piles in bridges of railways or highways. In this process, dilatancy of the interface soil induces variation in normal stress, which in turn influences the interface soil lateral ...

Abstract	The removal of soil during scouring is crucial to the lateral resistance of piles in bridges of railways or highways. In this process, dilatancy of the interface soil induces variation in normal stress, which in turn influences the interface soil lateral resistance. Due to the lack of analysis in previous studies in terms of cohesionless soil state (i.e., relative density and stress level) in remaining soil after scouring, it is difficult to simulate the properties and behavior of interface soil. The objective of this study is to explain the change of the sand state at the compression interface after scouring, quantify the stress-strain characteristics of the pile during this period and eventually present the prediction p-y curves of the lateral service capacity. The state-dependent constitutive model for saturated sand is employed, combined with the 3D finite element simulation, and the state development of the remaining soil is exhibited. The enhancement of dilation and stress relief of the remaining shallow horizon eventually gives rise to the reduction of the lateral resistance. In addition, the remaining overburden soil surrounding the pile restricts the interface soil, enlarging the normal stress and strengthening the deep horizon. Then, the friction angle considered the influence of state-dependent changes is used to quantify the hyperbolic p-y curves.
Keywords	bridge ; scour ; state-dependent dilatancy ; pile ; p-y curves ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Network pharmacology analysis reveals neuroprotection of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino in Alzheimer’ disease

Jiahao Wang / Jiamiao Shi / Ning Jia / Qinru Sun

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 17

Abstract: Abstract Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders in the world, but still lack of effective drug treatment. Gynostemma Pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (GpM), a Chinese medicinal herb, plays important roles in ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders in the world, but still lack of effective drug treatment. Gynostemma Pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (GpM), a Chinese medicinal herb, plays important roles in anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress and anti-tumor, which has been reported to ameliorate cognitive impairment of AD. However, the neuroprotective mechanism of GpM remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the targets and possible signaling pathways of GpM in the treatment of AD. Methods Active compounds of GpM and their putative target proteins were selected from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) Database and Analysis Platform. AD-associated targets were identified from GeneCards, the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database and the Therapeutic Target Database (TTD). The intersecting targets of GpM and AD were identified and Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were carried out to analyze the mechanism of them. Compound-target-pathway (CTP) network and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network were constructed and analyzed to elucidate the correlation between compounds, proteins and pathways. Molecular docking was performed to further demonstrate the possibility of GpM for AD. Results A total of 13 active compounds of GpM, 168 putative target proteins of compounds and 722 AD-associated targets were identified. Eighteen intersecting targets of GpM and AD were found and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nitric oxide synthase in endothelial (NOS3) and serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 (PON1) were selected as the primary targets of GpM in the treatment of AD. The neuroprotective effect of GPM was related to a variety of pathways, including amoebiasis, HIF-1 signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and so on. Conclusions Our findings elucidate the active compounds, targets and pathways of GpM involved in ...
Keywords	AD pathology ; Molecular mechanisms ; Alzheimer’s disease ; Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino ; Network pharmacology ; Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Thesis ; Online: Alternative testing strategy to quantify inter-species, inter-ethnic, and inter-individual variation in bioactivation and toxicity of food-borne alkenylbenzenes and pyrrolizidine alkaloids

Ning, Jia

2019

Abstract: The aim of the present thesis was to perform the risk and safety assessment of two groups of natural food-borne toxins, namely alkenylbenzenes and pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) for the Chinese population as compared to the overall Caucasian population ... ...

Abstract	The aim of the present thesis was to perform the risk and safety assessment of two groups of natural food-borne toxins, namely alkenylbenzenes and pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) for the Chinese population as compared to the overall Caucasian population using methods including the Margin of Exposure (MOE) approach, physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modelling-based reverse dosimetry and the combination of PBK modelling and Monte Carlo simulation. Chapter 1 introduced the model compounds studied in the thesis, namely alkenylbenzenes and 1,2-unsaturated PAs, the aim of the thesis and the strategies applied to perform a mode of action based safety and risk assessment. The regulations and consumer behaviour towards botanical preparations in China and in several EU countries were also presented. In chapter 2, a risk assessment of 10 plant food supplements (PFS), 23 traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) and 38 herbal teas containing alkenylbenzenes obtained at the Chinese market was performed using the Margin of Exposure (MOE) approach. Use of about half of the samples would result in estimated intakes upon daily life-time exposure that give rise to MOE values lower than 10 000, suggesting a potential priority for risk management. For short-term exposure such as two weeks consumption, applying Haber’s rule, only one TCM (TCM 6) still had a MOE value below 10 000. It is concluded that consumption of Chinese botanical preparations raise a concern because of exposure to alkenylbenzenes, especially when exposure is for longer periods of time. Chapter 3 studied the differences in bioactivation and detoxification of the food-borne genotoxic carcinogen estragole between Chinese and Caucasians using a mode of action based PBK modelling approach. The outcomes of the model predictions showed that the detoxification of the proximate carcinogenic metabolite 1’-hydroxyestragole, mainly by conversion to 1’-oxoestragole, was similar in both ethnic groups. For the bioactivation pathway, at realistic daily intakes of estragole, in the ...
Keywords	Life Science
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publisher	Wageningen University
Publishing country	nl
Document type	Thesis ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Value of quantitative microsurface structure analysis for evaluating the invasion depth of type 0-II early gastric cancer.

Jiang, Zhang-Xiu / Liang, Yun-Xiao / Huang, Peng-Yu / Ning, Jia-Juan / Qi, Jing-Jing

JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology

2024 Volume 8, Issue 4, Page(s) e13055

Abstract: Background and aim: The microsurface structure reflects the degree of damage to the glands, which is related to the invasion depth of early gastric cancer. To evaluate the diagnostic value of quantitative microsurface structure analysis for estimating ... ...

Abstract	Background and aim: The microsurface structure reflects the degree of damage to the glands, which is related to the invasion depth of early gastric cancer. To evaluate the diagnostic value of quantitative microsurface structure analysis for estimating the invasion depth of early gastric cancer. Methods: White-light imaging and narrow-band imaging (NBI) endoscopy were used to visualize the lesions of the included patients. The area ratio and depth-predicting score (DPS) of each patient were calculated; meanwhile, each lesion was examined by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). Results: Ninety-three patients were included between 2016 and 2019. Microsurface structure is related to the histological differentiation and progression of early gastric cancer. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that when an area ratio of 80.3% was used as a cut-off value for distinguishing mucosal (M) and submucosal (SM) type 0-II gastric cancers, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 82.9%, 80.2%, and 91.6%, respectively. The accuracies for distinguishing M/SM differentiated and undifferentiated early gastric cancers were 87.4% and 84.8%, respectively. The accuracy of EUS for distinguishing M/SM early gastric cancer was 74.9%. DPS can only distinguish M-SM1 (SM infiltration <500 μm)/SM (SM infiltration ≥500 μm) with an accuracy of 83.8%. The accuracy of using area ratio for distinguishing 0-II early gastric cancers was better than those of using DPS and EUS ( Conclusion: Quantitative analysis of microsurface structure can be performed to assess M/SM type 0-II gastric cancer and is expected to be effective for judging the invasion depth of gastric cancer.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-16
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2397-9070
ISSN (online)	2397-9070
DOI	10.1002/jgh3.13055
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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