Article: Second-Line Antiretroviral Treatment Outcomes and Predictors in Tigray Region, Ethiopia.
2023 Volume 16, Page(s) 4903–4912
Abstract: Introduction: Ethiopia has one of the highest HIV burdens in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the fact that second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been available for more than ten years, studies on its effectiveness are scarce.: Objective: To assess ...
| Abstract | Introduction: Ethiopia has one of the highest HIV burdens in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the fact that second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been available for more than ten years, studies on its effectiveness are scarce. Objective: To assess treatment outcomes and predictors of unfavorable outcomes in HIV patients receiving second-line ART at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Mekelle Hospital. Materials and methods: An institution-based retrospective cohort study was conducted in two hospitals in Tigray Region, Ethiopia. We evaluated 192 patients aged ≥15 years who were switched to second-line from November 2009 to May 2020 after failure of first-line ART. The primary outcome was the time from the initiation of second-line ART to the occurrence of unfavorable treatment outcomes (treatment failure, death, and loss to follow-up). We performed Kaplan-Meier survival estimates to calculate the cumulative incidence rates of unfavorable outcomes. Results: The mean age (SD) at the initiation of second-line ART was 39 (10.03) years, and the median CD4 cell count was 121 cells/microL. During a median follow-up of 4.6 years, 24 (12.5%) patients had died, 11 (5.7%) patients were lost to follow up, and 47 (24,4%) patients were experienced treatment failure. The incidence rates for unfavorable outcomes were 7.8 per 100 patients/years. Predictors for unfavorable outcomes were body mass index (BMI) <18.5 (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 2.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27-4.95) and CD4 counts ≤100 cells/microL (aHR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.09-2.79). Despite the failure of second-line ART, none of the patients received third-line ART. Conclusion: The incidence rate of unfavorable treatment outcomes for second-line ART was found to be high. A low BMI and a low baseline CD4 count were significant predictors of unfavourable outcomes and should be given special consideration in HIV care. A third-line ART regimen should also be considered for people who have failed second-line ART. |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-07-27 |
| Publishing country | New Zealand |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 2494856-1 |
| ISSN | 1178-6973 |
| ISSN | 1178-6973 |
| DOI | 10.2147/IDR.S419348 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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