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  1. Article ; Online: Optical Coherence Tomography Features of Macular Hyperpigmented Lesions without Intraretinal Hyperreflective Foci in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

    Emamverdi, Mehdi / Habibi, Abbas / Ashrafkhorasani, Maryam / Nittala, Muneeswar G / Kadomoto, Shin / Sadda, SriniVas R

    Current eye research

    2024  Volume 49, Issue 1, Page(s) 73–79

    Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the optical coherence tomography (OCT) features of hyperpigmented lesions in the absence of intraretinal hyperreflective foci (IHRF) on OCT in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).: Methods: We retrospectively ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the optical coherence tomography (OCT) features of hyperpigmented lesions in the absence of intraretinal hyperreflective foci (IHRF) on OCT in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
    Methods: We retrospectively analyzed OCT images of eyes with intermediate AMD (iAMD) and macular hyperpigmentation (HP) on color fundus photograph (CFP) but without IHRF on OCT in the corresponding location. The most prominent or definite HP was selected for analysis. The infrared reflectance (IR) image registered with the CFP, and the location corresponding to the HP lesion were defined on the IR image. The location of the HP on the corresponding OCT B-scan was assessed for retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) elevation, acquired vitelliform lesion (AVL), abnormal retinal pigment epithelium + basal lamina (RPE + BL) band reflectivity, RPE + BL band thickening, as well as interdigitation zone (IZ), ellipsoid zone (EZ) and external limiting membrane (ELM) disruption.
    Results: 49 eyes (39 patients) were included in this study. Forty-six (94%) of the hyperpigmented lesions showed a thickened RPE + BL band. RPE + BL band reflectivity was increased in 37 (76%) of the lesions. RPE + BL band thickening, however, was not correlated with RPE + BL band reflectivity (p-value = 0.31). Either thickening or hyperreflectivity of the RPE + BL band was present in all cases. Twenty (41%) lesions had evidence of ELM disruption, 42 (86%) demonstrated EZ disruption and 48 (98%) had IZ disruption. Five (10%) HPs demonstrated AVL. Among cases with RPE elevation (15 cases, 31%), 10 were classified as drusen, 2 as drusenoid PEDs, and 3 as fibrovascular PEDs.
    Conclusions: Thickening and/or hyperreflectivity of the RPE + BL band commonly correspond to regions of macular hyperpigmentation without IHRF in eyes with iAMD.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Fluorescein Angiography/methods ; Macular Degeneration/pathology ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium/pathology ; Hyperpigmentation/diagnosis ; Hyperpigmentation/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 82079-9
    ISSN 1460-2202 ; 0271-3683
    ISSN (online) 1460-2202
    ISSN 0271-3683
    DOI 10.1080/02713683.2023.2267801
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  2. Article ; Online: Correlation between Fundus Autofluorescence and En Face OCT Measurements of Geographic Atrophy.

    Velaga, Swetha Bindu / Nittala, Muneeswar G / Hariri, Amir / Sadda, Srinivas R

    Ophthalmology. Retina

    2022  Volume 6, Issue 8, Page(s) 676–683

    Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and en face spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) measurements of geographic atrophy (GA) area associated with age-related macular degeneration.: Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional ...

    Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and en face spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) measurements of geographic atrophy (GA) area associated with age-related macular degeneration.
    Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional study.
    Participants: Two hundred seventy eyes from 172 subjects with GA associated with age-related macular degeneration.
    Methods: Subjects with atrophic age-related macular degeneration who underwent both FAF (Heidelberg HRA + Spectralis) and dense volume (128 B-scans over 6 × 6 mm
    Main outcome measures: Correlation between the SD-OCT and FAF measurements of the GA area.
    Results: The mean GA area measured from the FAF images was 8.1 ± 5.04 mm
    Conclusions: Spectral-domain OCT-derived measurements of GA correlate well with areas of DDAF obtained from FAF images. The manual correction of SD-OCT segmentation errors can further improve this correlation. These observations may support the use of SD-OCT-based measurements of the GA area in clinical research and clinical trials.
    MeSH term(s) Choroid ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Fluorescein Angiography/methods ; Geographic Atrophy/complications ; Geographic Atrophy/diagnosis ; Humans ; Macular Degeneration/complications ; Macular Degeneration/diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2468-6530
    ISSN (online) 2468-6530
    DOI 10.1016/j.oret.2022.03.017
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  3. Article ; Online: Longitudinal Evaluation of the Distribution of Intraretinal Hyper-Reflective Foci in Eyes with Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

    Verma, Aditya / Nittala, Muneeswar G / Corradetti, Giulia / Nassisi, Marco / Velaga, Swetha B / He, Ye / Haines, Jonathan L / Pericak-Vance, Margaret A / Stambolian, Dwight / Sadda, SriniVas R

    Current eye research

    2024  , Page(s) 1–7

    Abstract: Purpose: Intraretinal hyper-reflective foci (IHRF) are optical coherence tomography (OCT) risk factors for progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this study we assess the change in the number and distribution of IHRF over two years.!## ...

    Abstract Purpose: Intraretinal hyper-reflective foci (IHRF) are optical coherence tomography (OCT) risk factors for progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this study we assess the change in the number and distribution of IHRF over two years.
    Methods: The axial distribution of IHRF were quantified in eyes with intermediate AMD (iAMD) at baseline and 24 months, using a series of 5 sequential equidistant en face OCT retinal slabs generated between the outer border of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) and the inner border of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Following thresholding and binarization, IHRF were quantified in each retinal slab using ImageJ. The change in IHRF number in each slab between baseline and month 24 was calculated.
    Results: Fifty-two eyes showed evidence of IHRF at baseline, and all continued to show evidence of IHRF at 24 months (M24). The total average IHRF count/eye increased significantly from 4.67 ± 0.63 at baseline to 11.62 ± 13.86 at M24 (
    Conclusions: IHRF are most common in the outer retinal layers and tend to increase in number over time. The impact of the distribution and frequency of these IHRF on the overall progression of AMD requires further study.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 82079-9
    ISSN 1460-2202 ; 0271-3683
    ISSN (online) 1460-2202
    ISSN 0271-3683
    DOI 10.1080/02713683.2024.2343334
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  4. Article ; Online: Relationship between macular perfusion and lesion distribution in diabetic retinopathy.

    Manafi, Navid / Oncel, Deniz / Verma, Aditya / Corradetti, Giulia / Kadomoto, Shin / Mahmoudi, Alireza / Alagorie, Ahmed Roshdy / Yadav, Naresh Kumar / Pappuru, Rajeev R / Tufail, Adnan / Esmaeilkhanian, Houri / Nittala, Muneeswar G / Raman, Rajiv / Sadda, Srinivas

    Eye (London, England)

    2024  

    Abstract: Background/objectives: To assess the relationship between macular vessel density metrics and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) characteristics on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and lesion distribution in eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR).!## ...

    Abstract Background/objectives: To assess the relationship between macular vessel density metrics and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) characteristics on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and lesion distribution in eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR).
    Subjects/methods: Patients with DR who underwent both Optos ultrawidefield (UWF) pseudocolor imaging and macular OCTA (Cirrus Angioplex, 6 × 6 mm) were included in this cross-sectional observational study. The distribution of DR lesions was assessed by comparing each of the peripheral ETDRS extended fields (3-7) against their corresponding ETDRS field, hence eyes were defined as either having predominantly peripheral lesions (PPL) or predominantly central lesions (PCL). En face OCTA images from the superficial and deep capillary plexuses (SCP and DCP) were then analysed using Image J software. Perfusion density (PD), vessel length density (VLD), and fractal dimensions (FD) were calculated following binarization and skeletonization of the images.
    Results: Out of 344 eyes, 116 (33.72%) eyes had PPL and 228 (66.28%) eyes had PCL. For all DRSS levels, VLD, PD, and FD were not significantly different between eyes with PPL and PCL. The FAZ in eyes with PPL, however, was found to be more circular in shape compared to eyes with PCL (p = 0.037).
    Conclusion: Although the presence of PPL has been associated with a higher risk for diabetic retinopathy progression, the macular perfusion is similar in eyes with PPL and PCL. The FAZ is more circular in eyes with PPL, but the clinical relevance of this difference remains to be defined.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 91001-6
    ISSN 1476-5454 ; 0950-222X
    ISSN (online) 1476-5454
    ISSN 0950-222X
    DOI 10.1038/s41433-024-03105-1
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  5. Article: Risk Factors for Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Population-Based Amish Eye Study.

    Nittala, Muneeswar G / Corvi, Federico / Maram, Jyotsna / Velaga, Swetha B / Haines, Jonathan / Pericak-Vance, Margaret A / Stambolian, Dwight / Sadda, SriniVas R

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 17

    Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based risk factors for progression to late age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a population-based study of elderly Amish. Methods: A total of 1332 eyes of 666 consecutive subjects who ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To evaluate the optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based risk factors for progression to late age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a population-based study of elderly Amish. Methods: A total of 1332 eyes of 666 consecutive subjects who completed a 2-year follow-up visit were included in this multicenter, prospective, longitudinal, observational study. Imaging features were correlated with 2-year incidence of late AMD development. Odds ratios for imaging features were estimated from logistic regression. Baseline OCT images were reviewed for the presence of drusen volume ≥0.03 mm3 in the central 3 mm ring, intraretinal hyperreflective foci (IHRF), hyporeflective drusen cores (hDC), subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDD), and drusenoid pigment epithelium detachment (PED). Subfoveal choroidal thickness, drusen area, and drusen volume within 3 and 5 mm circles centered on the fovea were also assessed. Results: Twenty-one (1.5%) of 1332 eyes progressed to late AMD by 2 years. The mean age of the study subjects was 65 ± 10.17 (±SD) years and 410 subjects were female. Univariate logistic regression showed that drusen area and volume in both 3 mm and 5 mm circles, subfoveal choroidal thickness, drusen volume ≥ 0.03 mm3 in the 3 mm ring, SDD, IHRF, and hDC were all associated with an increased risk for development of late AMD. The multivariate regression model identified that drusen volume in the 3 mm ring (OR: 2.59, p = 0.049) and presence of IHRF (OR: 57.06, p < 0.001) remained as independent and significant risk factors for progression to late AMD. Conclusions: This population-based study confirms previous findings from clinic-based studies that high central drusen volume and IHRF are associated with an increased risk of progression to late AMD. These findings may be of value in risk-stratifying patients in clinical practice or identifying subjects for early intervention clinical trials.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm11175110
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  6. Article ; Online: Comparison and Correlation of Retinal Sensitivity Between Microperimetry and Standard Automated Perimetry in Low-tension Glaucoma.

    Tepelus, Tudor C / Song, Sheena / Nittala, Muneeswar G / Nassisi, Marco / Sadda, SriniVas R / Chopra, Vikas

    Journal of glaucoma

    2020  Volume 29, Issue 10, Page(s) 975–980

    Abstract: PRéCIS:: Our study demonstrated that in low-tension glaucoma (LTG) patients, Microperimeter-3 (MP-3)-derived and Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA)-derived retinal sensitivities were similar and strongly correlated, allowing the respective data to be ... ...

    Abstract PRéCIS:: Our study demonstrated that in low-tension glaucoma (LTG) patients, Microperimeter-3 (MP-3)-derived and Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA)-derived retinal sensitivities were similar and strongly correlated, allowing the respective data to be interrelated.
    Purpose: To compare and correlate retinal sensitivities obtained by Nidek MP-3 with those obtained from the HFA in eyes with LTG.
    Materials and methods: In this prospective comparative study, 45 eyes of 24 LTG patients underwent retinal sensitivity assessments using the MP-3 (Nidek Technologies) and the HFA (Carl Zeiss Meditec) at the UCLA-Doheny Eye Center. Global and pointwise retinal sensitivity measurements were compared and correlated between the 2 devices.
    Results: No statistically significant differences (P=0.85) were noted between the mean retinal sensitivities determined by each device (MP-3: 26.33±4.31 dB; range, 13.05 to 31.60 vs. HFA: 26.42±3.98 dB; range, 17.17 to 30.96), and a strong correlation (r=0.66, P<0.001) was noted for retinal sensitivity measurements. In addition, moderate to strong correlations were observed between the mean retinal sensitivity derived by MP-3 versus HFA-derived mean deviation (r=0.57, P<0.001), as well as, the pattern standard deviation (r=0.67, P<0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficient was excellent (ICC=0.80, 95% confidence interval, 0.63-0.89), while the Bland-Altman analysis showed good agreement between the 2 devices with respect to retinal sensitivity.
    Conclusion: Retinal sensitivity measurements obtained by the MP-3 microperimetry instrument and the standard automated HFA perimeter were similar and highly correlated in patients with LTG. Given the potential benefits of microperimetry technology such as auto-eye-tracking and potentially more precise structure-function correlations, the use of microperimetry to monitor visual function in glaucoma management warrants further consideration.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure/physiology ; Low Tension Glaucoma/physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Reference Standards ; Reproducibility of Results ; Retina/physiopathology ; Vision Disorders/physiopathology ; Visual Acuity/physiology ; Visual Field Tests/methods ; Visual Fields/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 913494-3
    ISSN 1536-481X ; 1057-0829
    ISSN (online) 1536-481X
    ISSN 1057-0829
    DOI 10.1097/IJG.0000000000001599
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  7. Article ; Online: Reproducibility and agreement of four anterior segment-optical coherence tomography devices for anterior chamber angle measurements.

    Pan, Xiaojing / Maram, Jyotsna / Nittala, Muneeswar G / Francis, Brian A / Chopra, Vikas / Sadda, Srinivas R

    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie

    2020  Volume 258, Issue 7, Page(s) 1475–1481

    Abstract: Purpose: To compare the reproducibility and agreement of anterior chamber angle (ACA) parameters and metrics obtained by four different anterior segment-optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) devices.: Methods: In this prospective study, 30 eyes from ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To compare the reproducibility and agreement of anterior chamber angle (ACA) parameters and metrics obtained by four different anterior segment-optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) devices.
    Methods: In this prospective study, 30 eyes from 15 normal subjects underwent anterior segment angle scanning using the Spectralis, Cirrus, and Optovue spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), as well as the Visante time-domain optical coherence tomography (TD-OCT). For each eye, the scan line was performed perpendicularly on the inferior (270°) angle, and the inferior ACA image was acquired 2 times. Inter-instrument and intra-instrument, as well as inter-observer and intra-observer reproducibility of anterior chamber angle metrics, Schwalbe's line (SL) to scleral spur (SS) distance (TM-Span), angle opening distance (AOD), and trabecular iris space area (TISA) measurements, were evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland-Altman plots with limits of agreement (LoA).
    Results: For this cohort of 30 eyes of 15 normal subjects, the mean TM-Span, AOD, and TISA were 0.966 ± 0.198 mm, 0.750 ± 0.205 mm, and 0.286 ± 0.090 mm
    Conclusions: Consistent and reproducible ACA measurements could be obtained from multiple AS-OCT devices including both SD- and TD-OCT instruments. These findings have relevance when considering multiple imaging devices in future studies.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anterior Chamber/diagnostic imaging ; Anterior Eye Segment/diagnostic imaging ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Reproducibility of Results ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/instrumentation ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-26
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 8435-9
    ISSN 1435-702X ; 0721-832X
    ISSN (online) 1435-702X
    ISSN 0721-832X
    DOI 10.1007/s00417-020-04648-1
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  8. Article ; Online: Relationship between the distribution of intra-retinal hyper-reflective foci and the progression of intermediate age-related macular degeneration.

    Verma, Aditya / Corradetti, Giulia / He, Ye / Nittala, Muneeswar G / Nassisi, Marco / Velaga, Swetha B / Haines, Jonathan L / Pericak-Vance, Margaret A / Stambolian, Dwight / Sadda, SriniVas R

    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie

    2023  Volume 261, Issue 12, Page(s) 3437–3447

    Abstract: Purpose: To assess the relationship between the distribution of intra-retinal hyper-reflective foci (IHRF) on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and progression of intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD) over 2 years.: Methods: Cirrus ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To assess the relationship between the distribution of intra-retinal hyper-reflective foci (IHRF) on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and progression of intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD) over 2 years.
    Methods: Cirrus OCT volumes of the macula of subjects enrolled in the Amish Eye Study with 2 years of follow-up were evaluated for the presence of iAMD and IHRF at baseline. The IHRF were counted in a series of 5 sequential en face slabs from outer to inner retina. The number of IHRF in each slab at baseline and the change in IHRF from baseline to year 2 were correlated with progression to late AMD at 2 years.
    Results: Among 120 eyes from 71 patients with iAMD, 52 eyes (43.3%) of 42 patients had evidence of both iAMD and IHRF at baseline. Twenty-three eyes (19.0%) showed progression to late AMD after 2 years. The total IHRF count increased from 243 at baseline to 604 at 2 years, with a significant increase in the IHRF number in each slab, except for the innermost slab 5 which had no IHRF at baseline or follow-up. The IHRF count increased from 121 to 340 in eyes that showed progression to late AMD. The presence of IHRF in the outermost retinal slabs 1 and 2 was independently associated with a significant risk of progression to late AMD. A greater increase in IHRF count over 2 years in these same slabs 1 and 2 was also associated with a higher risk of conversion to late AMD.
    Conclusions: The risk of progression to late AMD appears to be significantly associated with the distribution and extent of IHRF in the outermost retinal layers. This observation may point to significant pathophysiologic differences of IHRF in inner versus outer layers of the retina.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Disease Progression ; Retina ; Macular Degeneration/complications ; Macula Lutea ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods ; Fluorescein Angiography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-11
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 8435-9
    ISSN 1435-702X ; 0721-832X
    ISSN (online) 1435-702X
    ISSN 0721-832X
    DOI 10.1007/s00417-023-06180-4
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  9. Article ; Online: Quantitative Characteristics of Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Corresponding Areas of Increased Autofluorescence at the Margin of Geographic Atrophy in Patients With Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

    Hariri, Amir H / Nittala, Muneeswar G / Sadda, SriniVas R

    Ophthalmic surgery, lasers & imaging retina

    2016  Volume 47, Issue 6, Page(s) 523–527

    Abstract: Background and objective: To evaluate the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) characteristics of the junctional zone corresponding to areas of increased autofluorescence (IAF) at the margin of geographic atrophy (GA) in patients with ... ...

    Abstract Background and objective: To evaluate the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) characteristics of the junctional zone corresponding to areas of increased autofluorescence (IAF) at the margin of geographic atrophy (GA) in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
    Patients and methods: SD-OCT and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) images from untreated eyes with GA available from archived studies at Doheny Image Reading Center were evaluated. Areas of definite decreased autofluorescence (DDAF) corresponding to GA, and areas of IAF at the margins of the GA were manually segmented. Eyes with evidence of IAF were selected. Following manual registration of FAF and OCT data, areas of IAF and normal fluorescence were correlated with OCT features at these locations.
    Results: Thirty eyes were included. The mean retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) thickness in areas of IAF was 40.6 µm ± 7.69 µm, compared to 28.8 µm ± 7.09 µm in normal adjacent areas (P < .001).
    Conclusion: Regions of IAF at the junctional zone of GA lesions appear to correspond to thickening of the presumed RPE band on OCT. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2016;47:523-527.].
    MeSH term(s) Fluorescein Angiography/methods ; Fundus Oculi ; Geographic Atrophy/complications ; Geographic Atrophy/diagnosis ; Humans ; Macular Degeneration/complications ; Macular Degeneration/diagnosis ; Pilot Projects ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium/pathology ; Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods ; Visual Acuity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-06-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2701167-7
    ISSN 2325-8179 ; 2325-8160
    ISSN (online) 2325-8179
    ISSN 2325-8160
    DOI 10.3928/23258160-20160601-03
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  10. Article ; Online: Final Outcomes from the Randomized RECOVERY Trial of Aflibercept for Retinal Nonperfusion in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

    Wykoff, Charles C / Nittala, Muneeswar G / Villanueva Boone, Cecilia / Yu, Hannah J / Fan, Wenying / Velaga, Swetha Bindu / Ehlers, Justis P / Ip, Michael S / Sadda, SriniVas R

    Ophthalmology. Retina

    2022  Volume 6, Issue 7, Page(s) 557–566

    Abstract: Purpose: Retinal nonperfusion (RNP) is an important biomarker for diabetic retinopathy (DR). Data suggest that consistent anti-VEGF pharmacotherapy can slow RNP development. The RECOVERY trial evaluated the impact of aflibercept (Eylea, Regeneron) on ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Retinal nonperfusion (RNP) is an important biomarker for diabetic retinopathy (DR). Data suggest that consistent anti-VEGF pharmacotherapy can slow RNP development. The RECOVERY trial evaluated the impact of aflibercept (Eylea, Regeneron) on RNP among eyes with proliferative DR (PDR).
    Design: Prospective, randomized clinical trial with treatment crossover in the second year.
    Subjects: Eyes with PDR and RNP.
    Methods: At baseline, the subjects were randomized 1:1 to monthly (arm 1) or quarterly (arm 2) intravitreal 2 mg aflibercept. At the beginning of year 2, the treatment arms were crossed over so that the monthly-dosed subjects subsequently received quarterly dosing and the quarterly-dosed subjects subsequently received monthly dosing.
    Main outcome measures: Change in total RNP area (mm
    Results: Among all subjects, from baseline to year 2, the mean RNP increased from 235 mm
    Conclusions: Through year 2 of the RECOVERY trial, both treatment arms experienced significant increases in RNP. Despite the expansion of the RNP area in nearly all subjects, 82% of subjects demonstrated an improvement in DRSS levels from baseline, with no subjects experiencing worsening in DRSS scores.
    MeSH term(s) Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy ; Diabetic Retinopathy/complications ; Diabetic Retinopathy/diagnosis ; Diabetic Retinopathy/drug therapy ; Humans ; Intravitreal Injections ; Prospective Studies ; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Visual Acuity
    Chemical Substances Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; aflibercept (15C2VL427D) ; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EC 2.7.10.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2468-6530
    ISSN (online) 2468-6530
    DOI 10.1016/j.oret.2022.02.013
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