Article: A retrospective cross-sectional study on the risk factors and survival outcome of End Stage Kidney Disease patients receiving regular maintenance haemodialysis with COVID-19 infection in Hospital Enche' Besar Hajjah Khalsom, Kluang.
The Medical journal of Malaysia
2021 Volume 76, Issue 6, Page(s) 845–852
Abstract: Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has affected healthcare services around the globe as hospitals were turned into designated hospitals to accommodate high risk groups of patients with COVID-19 infection including end stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. ... ...
| Abstract | Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has affected healthcare services around the globe as hospitals were turned into designated hospitals to accommodate high risk groups of patients with COVID-19 infection including end stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. In Malaysia, there was insufficient data on COVID-19 infection among ESKD patients. This study aims to determine factors and survival outcomes associated with COVID-19 infection among ESKD patients in a designated COVID-19 hospital in Malaysia. Methods and materials: A retrospective cross-sectional study involving 80 haemodialysis (HD) patients recruited from March 2020 till March 2021. Patients' information and results was retrieved and evaluated. Risk factors affecting the COVID-19 mortality were analysed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and binary logistic regression. Results: The mean age of the patients was 54 years who were predominantly Malays (87.5%) and living in rural areas. Majority of them had comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (71%) and hypertension (90%). The most common presentations were fever (46%) and cough (54%) with chest radiographs showing bilateral lower zone ground glass opacities (45%). A quarter of the study population were admitted to the intensive care unit, necessitating mechanical ventilation. This study found that 51% of the patients were given steroids and 45% required oxygen supplementation. The COVID-19 infection mortality among the study population was 12.5%. Simple logistic regression analysis showed that albumin, Odd Ratio, OR=0.85 (95% Confidence Interval, 95%CI: 0.73, 0.98)) and absolute lymphocyte count OR=0.08 (95%CI: 0.11, 0.56) have inverse association with COVID-19 mortality. C-reactive protein OR=1.02 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.04), lactate dehydrogenase OR=1.01 (95%CI: 1.00, 1.01), mechanical ventilation OR=17.21 (95%CI: 3.03, 97.67) and high dose steroids OR=15.71 (95%CI: 1.80, 137.42) were directly associated with COVID-19 mortality. Conclusion: The high mortality rate among ESKD patients receiving HD was alarming. This warrants additional infection control measures to prevent the spread of COVID- 19 infection among this vulnerable group of patients. Expediting vaccination efforts in this group of patients should be advocated to reduce the incidence of complications from COVID-19 infection. |
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| MeSH term(s) | COVID-19 ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/epidemiology ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Renal Dialysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; SARS-CoV-2 | |||||
| Language | English | |||||
| Publishing date | 2021-11-26 | |||||
| Publishing country | Malaysia | |||||
| Document type | Journal Article | |||||
| ZDB-ID | 604286-7 | |||||
| ISSN | 0300-5283 | |||||
| ISSN | 0300-5283 | |||||
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| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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