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  1. Article ; Online: [No title information]

    Nordbø, Svein Arne

    Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

    2017  Volume 137, Issue 16

    Title translation Lammelser forårsaket av enterovirus.
    Language Norwegian
    Publishing date 2017-09-05
    Publishing country Norway
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603504-8
    ISSN 0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
    ISSN (online) 0807-7096
    ISSN 0029-2001
    DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0452
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Detection of subgenomic mRNA from endemic human coronavirus OC43 and NL63 compared to viral genomic loads, single virus detection and clinical manifestations in children with respiratory tract infections.

    Heimdal, Inger / Lysvand, Hilde / Krokstad, Sidsel / Christensen, Andreas / Døllner, Henrik / Nordbø, Svein Arne

    Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology

    2022  Volume 154, Page(s) 105247

    Abstract: Background: The importance of endemic human coronavirus (HCoV) in children has been insufficiently elucidated upon. Our aims were to develop subgenomic (sg) mRNA tests for HCoV species OC43 and NL63, and to evaluate the relationships to HCoV genomic ... ...

    Abstract Background: The importance of endemic human coronavirus (HCoV) in children has been insufficiently elucidated upon. Our aims were to develop subgenomic (sg) mRNA tests for HCoV species OC43 and NL63, and to evaluate the relationships to HCoV genomic loads, single HCoV detections and clinical manifestations.
    Methods: We have used an 11-yearlong cohort study of children admitted with respiratory tract infection (RTI) and hospital controls. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were analyzed for HCoV subtypes OC43 and NL63 with in-house diagnostic PCR. Positive samples were tested with newly developed real-time PCRs targeting sg mRNA coding for the nucleocapsid protein.
    Results: OC43 sg mRNA was detected in 86% (105/122) of available OC43-positive samples in the RTI group, and in 63% (12/19) of control samples. NL63 sg mRNA was detected in 72% (71/98) and 71% (12/17) of available NL63-positive patient and control samples, respectively. In RTI samples, sg mRNA detection was strongly associated with a Ct value <32 in both diagnostic PCR tests (OC43: OR = 54, 95% CI [6.8-428]; NL63: OR = 42, 95% CI [9.0-198]) and single NL63 detections (OR = 6.9, 95% CI [1.5-32]). Comparing RTI and controls, only OC43 was associated with RTI when adjusted for age (aOR = 3.2, 95% CI [1.1-9.4]).
    Conclusion: We found strong associations between OC43 and NL63 sg mRNA and high viral genomic loads. sg mRNA for OC43 was associated with RTI. The association between sg mRNA and clinical manifestations needs further evaluation.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Cohort Studies ; Coronavirus/genetics ; Coronavirus Infections ; Coronavirus OC43, Human/genetics ; Genomics ; Humans ; Infant ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Respiratory Tract Infections/diagnosis ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances RNA, Messenger
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-22
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1446080-4
    ISSN 1873-5967 ; 1386-6532
    ISSN (online) 1873-5967
    ISSN 1386-6532
    DOI 10.1016/j.jcv.2022.105247
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Rapid elimination of SARS-CoV-2 in a fully vaccinated patient.

    Nordbø, Svein Arne / Hoang, Linh / Krokstad, Sidsel / Kainov, Denis / Sagvik, Eli Oline

    Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

    2022  Volume 142, Issue 3

    Title translation Rask eliminasjon av SARS-CoV-2 hos fullvaksinert pasient.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccination
    Language Norwegian
    Publishing date 2022-01-27
    Publishing country Norway
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603504-8
    ISSN 0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
    ISSN (online) 0807-7096
    ISSN 0029-2001
    DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.21.0711
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The Contribution of Viruses and Bacteria to Childhood Community-acquired Pneumonia: 11-Year Observational Study From Norway.

    Smyrnaios, Anastasios / Risnes, Kari / Krokstad, Sidsel / Nordbø, Svein Arne / Heimdal, Inger / Christensen, Andreas / Døllner, Henrik

    The Pediatric infectious disease journal

    2023  Volume 42, Issue 6, Page(s) 456–460

    Abstract: Background: Viruses are associated with pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) but are also common in the upper airways of healthy children. We have determined the contribution of respiratory viruses and bacteria by comparing children with CAP and ...

    Abstract Background: Viruses are associated with pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) but are also common in the upper airways of healthy children. We have determined the contribution of respiratory viruses and bacteria by comparing children with CAP and hospital controls.
    Methods: Children less than 16 years old with radiologically confirmed CAP (n = 715) were enrolled over an 11-year period. Children admitted for elective surgery during the same period served as controls (n = 673). Nasopharyngeal aspirates were tested for 20 respiratory pathogens by semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction tests and cultivated for bacteria and viruses. We used logistic regression to calculate adjusted odds ratios [aOR; 95% confidence intervals (CIs)], and estimated population-attributable fractions (95% CI).
    Results: At least 1 virus was detected in 85% of cases and 76% of controls, and greater than or equal to 1 bacterium was detected in 70% of cases and controls. The presence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (aOR, 16.6; 95% CI: 9.81-28.2), human metapneumovirus (HMPV) (13.0; 6.17-27.5) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (27.7; 8.37-91.6) were most strongly associated with CAP. For RSV and HMPV, there were significant trends between lower cycle-threshold values indicating higher viral genomic loads, and higher aORs for CAP. The population-attributable fraction estimates of RSV, HMPV, human parainfluenza virus, influenza virus and M. pneumoniae were 33.3% (32.2-34.5), 11.2% (10.5-11.9), 3.7% (1.0-6.3), 2.3% (1.0-3.6) and 4.2% (4.1-4.4), respectively.
    Conclusions: RSV, HMPV and M. pneumoniae were most strongly related to pediatric CAP and accounted for half of all cases. There were positive trends between increasing viral genomic loads of RSV and HMPV, and higher odds for CAP.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Adolescent ; Pneumonia ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/genetics ; Metapneumovirus/genetics ; Hospitalization ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 392481-6
    ISSN 1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
    ISSN (online) 1532-0987
    ISSN 0891-3668
    DOI 10.1097/INF.0000000000003867
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The Burden of Human Bocavirus 1 in Hospitalized Children With Respiratory Tract Infections.

    Jalving, Hedda Trømborg / Heimdal, Inger / Valand, Jonas / Risnes, Kari / Krokstad, Sidsel / Nordbø, Svein Arne / Døllner, Henrik / Christensen, Andreas

    Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 5, Page(s) 282–289

    Abstract: Background: Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is frequently codetected with other viruses, and detected in asymptomatic children. Thus, the burden of HBoV1 respiratory tract infections (RTI) has been unknown. Using HBoV1-mRNA to indicate true HBoV1 RTI, we ... ...

    Abstract Background: Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is frequently codetected with other viruses, and detected in asymptomatic children. Thus, the burden of HBoV1 respiratory tract infections (RTI) has been unknown. Using HBoV1-mRNA to indicate true HBoV1 RTI, we assessed the burden of HBoV1 in hospitalized children and the impact of viral codetections, compared with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
    Methods: Over 11 years, we enrolled 4879 children <16 years old admitted with RTI. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction for HBoV1-DNA, HBoV1-mRNA, and 19 other pathogens.
    Results: HBoV1-mRNA was detected in 2.7% (130/4850) samples, modestly peaking in autumn and winter. Forty-three percent with HBoV1 mRNA were 12-17 months old, and only 5% were <6 months old. A total of 73.8% had viral codetections. It was more likely to detect HBoV1-mRNA if HBoV1-DNA was detected alone (odds ratio [OR]: 3.9, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.7-8.9) or with 1 viral codetection (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.3), compared to ≥2 codetections. Codetection of severe viruses like RSV had lower odds for HBoV1-mRNA (OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.19-0.61). The yearly lower RTI hospitalization rate per 1000 children <5 years was 0.7 for HBoV1-mRNA and 8.7 for RSV.
    Conclusions: True HBoV1 RTI is most likely when HBoV1-DNA is detected alone, or with 1 codetected virus. Hospitalization due to HBoV1 LRTI is 10-12 times less common than RSV.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Child ; Human bocavirus/genetics ; Human bocavirus/isolation & purification ; Hospitalization ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/virology ; RNA, Messenger ; Nasopharynx/virology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Parvoviridae Infections/diagnosis ; Parvoviridae Infections/epidemiology ; Seasons
    Chemical Substances RNA, Messenger
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2668791-4
    ISSN 2048-7207 ; 2048-7193
    ISSN (online) 2048-7207
    ISSN 2048-7193
    DOI 10.1093/jpids/piad027
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection: a test-negative case-control study with additional population controls in Norway.

    Sarjomaa, Marjut / Zhang, Chi / Tveten, Yngvar / Kersten, Hege / Reiso, Harald / Eikeland, Randi / Kongerud, Johny / Berg, Kristine Karlsrud / Thilesen, Carina / Nordbø, Svein Arne / Aaberge, Ingeborg S / Vandenbroucke, Jan / Pearce, Neil / Fell, Anne Kristin Moeller

    BMJ open

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) e073766

    Abstract: Objectives: This study aims to assess risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection by combined design; first comparing positive cases to negative controls as determined by PCR testing and then comparing these two groups to an additional prepandemic population ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: This study aims to assess risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection by combined design; first comparing positive cases to negative controls as determined by PCR testing and then comparing these two groups to an additional prepandemic population control group.
    Design and setting: Test-negative design (TND), multicentre case-control study with additional population controls in South-Eastern Norway.
    Participants: Adults who underwent SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing between February and December 2020. PCR-positive cases, PCR-negative controls and additional age-matched population controls.
    Primary outcome measures: The associations between various risk factors based on self- reported questionnaire and SARS-CoV-2 infection comparing PCR-positive cases and PCR-negative controls. Using subgroup analysis, the risk factors for both PCR-positive and PCR-negative participants were compared with a population control group.
    Results: In total, 400 PCR-positive cases, 719 PCR-negative controls and 14 509 population controls were included. Male sex was associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection only in the TND study (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4 to 2.6), but not when PCR-positive cases were compared with population controls (OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.9. to 1.5). Some factors were positively (asthma, wood heating) or negatively (hypertension) associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection when PCR-positive cases were compared with population controls, but lacked convincing association in the TND study. Smoking was negatively associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in both analyses (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.8 and OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.8).
    Conclusions: Male sex was a possible risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection only in the TND study, whereas smoking was negatively associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in both the TND study and when using population controls. Several factors were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection when PCR-positive cases were compared with population controls, but not in the TND study, highlighting the strength of combining case-control study designs during the pandemic.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Male ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Population Control ; Case-Control Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Risk Factors ; Norway/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073766
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  7. Article ; Online: No association between disease severity and respiratory syncytial virus subtypes RSV-A and RSV-B in hospitalized young children in Norway.

    Bøås, Håkon / Havdal, Lise Beier / Størdal, Ketil / Døllner, Henrik / Leegaard, Truls Michael / Bekkevold, Terese / Flem, Elmira / Inchley, Christopher / Nordbø, Svein Arne / Rojahn, Astrid Elisabeth / Debes, Sara / Barstad, Bjørn / Haarr, Elisebet / Kran, Anne-Marte Bakken

    PloS one

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) e0298104

    Abstract: Objective: There is conflicting evidence whether subtypes of Respiratory syncytial virus have different seasonality or are differentially associated with clinical severity. We aimed to explore the associations between disease severity and RSV subtypes ... ...

    Abstract Objective: There is conflicting evidence whether subtypes of Respiratory syncytial virus have different seasonality or are differentially associated with clinical severity. We aimed to explore the associations between disease severity and RSV subtypes RSV-A and RSV-B and to describe the circulation of RSV subtypes pattern by season and age.
    Methods: Active prospective hospital surveillance for RSV-A and RSV-B in children <59 months of age was conducted during 2015-2018. All febrile children 12-59 months of age were enrolled, whereas children <12 months were eligible if presenting with fever or respiratory symptoms. Risk factors and upper and lower respiratory tract infection was identified by linkage to national registry data and analyzed using penalized maximum likelihood logistic regression.
    Results: Both RSV-A and B were found to co-circulate throughout all three study seasons, and no clear seasonal pattern was identified. Likewise, we found no association between sex or measures of severity with RSV-A or RSV-B. There was significantly more RSV-A than RSV-B among children with comorbidities.
    Conclusions: No association was found between disease severity or sex and RSV subtypes RSV-A and RSV-B in hospitalized young children in Norway.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Infant ; Child, Preschool ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology ; Norway/epidemiology ; Patient Acuity ; Seasons ; Fever ; Hospitalization
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0298104
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  8. Article ; Online: Hvilke prøver er best til påvisning av Chlamydia trachomatis?

    Nordbø, Svein Arne

    Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

    2011  Volume 131, Issue 23, Page(s) 2333

    Title translation Which tests are best for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis.
    MeSH term(s) Chlamydia Infections/diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male
    Language Norwegian
    Publishing date 2011-11-29
    Publishing country Norway
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 603504-8
    ISSN 0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
    ISSN (online) 0807-7096
    ISSN 0029-2001
    DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.11.1001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Hospitalized Children With Common Human Coronavirus Clinical Impact of Codetected Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Rhinovirus.

    Heimdal, Inger / Valand, Jonas / Krokstad, Sidsel / Moe, Nina / Christensen, Andreas / Risnes, Kari / Nordbø, Svein Arne / Døllner, Henrik

    The Pediatric infectious disease journal

    2022  Volume 41, Issue 3, Page(s) e95–e101

    Abstract: Background: The clinical impact of common human coronavirus (cHCoV) remains unclear. We studied the clinical manifestations of pediatric cHCoV infections and the possible modifying effects of codetected human rhinovirus (RV) and respiratory syncytial ... ...

    Abstract Background: The clinical impact of common human coronavirus (cHCoV) remains unclear. We studied the clinical manifestations of pediatric cHCoV infections and the possible modifying effects of codetected human rhinovirus (RV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
    Methods: We used data from an 11-year-long prospective study of hospitalized children with community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were analyzed with real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for cHCoV OC43, NL63, HKU1 and 229E, and 15 other respiratory viruses. We assessed disease severity based on the clinical factors hospitalization length, oxygen requirement, other respiratory support and supplementary fluids.
    Results: cHCoV was detected in 341 (8%) of 4312 children. Among 104 children with single cHCoV detections, 58 (56%) had lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and 20 (19%) developed severe disease. The proportion with severe disease was lower among single cHCoV detections compared with single RSV detections (338 of 870; 39%), but similar to single RV detections (136 of 987; 14%). Compared with single cHCoV, codetected cHCoV-RSV was more often associated with LRTI (86 of 89; 97%) and severe disease (adjusted odds ratio, 3.3; 95% confidence interval: 1.6-6.7). LRTI was more frequent in codetected cHCoV-RV (52 of 68; 76%) than single cHCoV, but the risk of severe disease was lower (adjusted odds ratios, 0.3; 95% confidence interval: 0.1-1.0).
    Conclusions: cHCoV was associated with severe LRTI in hospitalized children. Viral codetections were present in two-thirds. Codetections of cHCoV-RV were associated with lower proportions of severe disease, suggesting a modifying effect of RV on HCoV.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Hospitalized ; Child, Preschool ; Coinfection/epidemiology ; Coinfection/therapy ; Coinfection/virology ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/therapy ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Norway/epidemiology ; Picornaviridae Infections/epidemiology ; Picornaviridae Infections/therapy ; Picornaviridae Infections/virology ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/therapy ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/virology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 392481-6
    ISSN 1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
    ISSN (online) 1532-0987
    ISSN 0891-3668
    DOI 10.1097/INF.0000000000003433
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Unrecognized viral infections and chromosome abnormalities as a cause of fetal death - examination with fluorescence in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction.

    Opsjøn, Bente Ediassen / Nordbø, Svein Arne / Vogt, Christina

    APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica

    2017  Volume 125, Issue 9, Page(s) 826–832

    Abstract: Fifteen to 50% of fetal deaths remain unexplained after post-mortem examination depending on inclusion criteria and classification systems. Our aim was to examine a selection of unexplained fetal deaths in order to investigate whether any common ... ...

    Abstract Fifteen to 50% of fetal deaths remain unexplained after post-mortem examination depending on inclusion criteria and classification systems. Our aim was to examine a selection of unexplained fetal deaths in order to investigate whether any common chromosome aberrations or viral infections were present. Reports from 351 fetal autopsies performed at the Department of Pathology and Medical Genetics at St. Olavs University Hospital from 2001 through 2010 were reviewed. Of these, 105 fetal deaths were classified as unexplained. Tissue samples from 30 cases were further examined with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to detect abnormalities in chromosomes 13, 18, and 21. The samples were also examined with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect infections with cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19, herpes simplex virus 1 and 2, enterovirus, and parechovirus. In two cases, a possible trisomy 13 mosaicism was found. No viruses were detected. In our selection of 30 unexplained cases, possible trisomy 13 mosaicism was found in two cases, and no viruses were detected. High degree of maceration and missing placental examination often complicate the investigation of fetal death, and extensive ancillary examinations do not necessarily contribute to a more specific diagnosis.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Autopsy ; Chromosome Disorders/diagnosis ; Chromosome Disorders/genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13/genetics ; Female ; Fetal Death/etiology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Perinatal Death/etiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology ; Trisomy/diagnosis ; Trisomy/genetics ; Trisomy 13 Syndrome ; Virus Diseases/diagnosis ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-07-24
    Publishing country Denmark
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 93340-5
    ISSN 1600-0463 ; 0903-4641
    ISSN (online) 1600-0463
    ISSN 0903-4641
    DOI 10.1111/apm.12726
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