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  1. Article ; Online: Measuring facial mimicry: Affdex vs. EMG.

    Westermann, Jan-Frederik / Schäfer, Ralf / Nordmann, Marc / Richter, Peter / Müller, Tobias / Franz, Matthias

    PloS one

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) e0290569

    Abstract: Facial mimicry is the automatic imitation of the facial affect expressions of others. It serves as an important component of interpersonal communication and affective co-experience. Facial mimicry has so far been measured by Electromyography (EMG), which ...

    Abstract Facial mimicry is the automatic imitation of the facial affect expressions of others. It serves as an important component of interpersonal communication and affective co-experience. Facial mimicry has so far been measured by Electromyography (EMG), which requires a complex measuring apparatus. Recently, software for measuring facial expressions have become available, but it is still unclear how well it is suited for measuring facial mimicry. This study investigates the comparability of the automated facial coding software Affdex with EMG for measuring facial mimicry. For this purpose, facial mimicry was induced in 33 subjects by presenting naturalistic affect-expressive video sequences (anger, joy). The response of the subjects is measured simultaneously by facial EMG (corrugator supercilii muscle, zygomaticus major muscle) and by Affdex (action units lip corner puller and brow lowerer and affects joy and anger). Subsequently, the correlations between the measurement results of EMG and Affdex were calculated. After the presentation of the joy stimulus, there was an increase in zygomaticus muscle activity (EMG) about 400 ms after stimulus onset and an increase in joy and lip corner puller activity (Affdex) about 1200 ms after stimulus onset. The joy and the lip corner puller activity detected by Affdex correlate significantly with the EMG activity. After presentation of the anger stimulus, corrugator muscle activity (EMG) also increased approximately 400 ms after stimulus onset, whereas anger and brow lowerer activity (Affdex) showed no response. During the entire measurement interval, anger activity and brow lowerer activity (Affdex) did not correlate with corrugator muscle activity (EMG). Using Affdex, the facial mimicry response to a joy stimulus can be measured, but it is detected approximately 800 ms later compared to the EMG. Thus, electromyography remains the tool of choice for studying subtle mimic processes like facial mimicry.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Emotions/physiology ; Electromyography ; Anger/physiology ; Face ; Facial Muscles/physiology ; Facial Expression ; Antioxidants
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0290569
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book ; Online ; Thesis: Alexithymie und faziale Mimikry

    Nordmann, Marc André [Verfasser] / Franz, Matthias [Gutachter] / Seitz, Rüdiger [Gutachter]

    2022  

    Author's details Marc André Nordmann ; Gutachter: Matthias Franz, Rüdiger Seitz
    Keywords Medizin, Gesundheit ; Medicine, Health
    Subject code sg610
    Language German
    Publisher Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
    Publishing place Düsseldorf
    Document type Book ; Online ; Thesis
    Database Digital theses on the web

    Full text online

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  3. Article: Alexithymia and Facial Mimicry in Response to Infant and Adult Affect-Expressive Faces.

    Nordmann, Marc A / Schäfer, Ralf / Müller, Tobias / Franz, Matthias

    Frontiers in psychology

    2021  Volume 12, Page(s) 635648

    Abstract: Facial mimicry is the automatic tendency to imitate facial expressions of emotions. Alexithymia is associated with a reduced facial mimicry ability to affect expressions of adults. There is evidence that the baby schema may influence this process. In ... ...

    Abstract Facial mimicry is the automatic tendency to imitate facial expressions of emotions. Alexithymia is associated with a reduced facial mimicry ability to affect expressions of adults. There is evidence that the baby schema may influence this process. In this study it was tested experimentally whether facial mimicry of the alexithymic group (AG) is different from the control group (CG) in response to dynamic facial affect expressions of children and adults. A multi-method approach (20-point Toronto Alexithymia Scale and Toronto Structured Interview for Alexithymia) was used for assessing levels of alexithymia. From 3503 initial data sets, two groups of 38 high and low alexithymic individuals without relevant mental or physical diseases were matched regarding age, gender, and education. Facial mimicry was induced by presentation of naturalistic affect-expressive video sequences (fear, sadness, disgust, anger, and joy) taken from validated sets of faces from adults (Averaged Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces) and children (Picture-Set of Young Children's Affective Facial Expressions). The videos started with a neutral face and reached maximum affect expression within 2 s. The responses of the groups were measured by facial electromyographic activity (fEMG) of corrugator supercilii and zygomaticus major muscles. Differences in fEMG response (4000 ms) were tested in a variance analytical model. There was one significant main effect for the factor emotion and four interaction effects for the factors group × age, muscle × age, muscle × emotion, and for the triple interaction muscle × age × emotion. The participants of AG showed a decreased fEMG activity in response to the presented faces of adults compared to the CG but not for the faces of children. The affect-expressive faces of children induced enhanced zygomatic and reduced corrugator muscle activity in both groups. Despite existing deficits in the facial mimicry of alexithymic persons, affect-expressive faces of children seem to trigger a stronger positive emotional involvement even in the AG.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2563826-9
    ISSN 1664-1078
    ISSN 1664-1078
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635648
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: It is in your face-Alexithymia impairs facial mimicry.

    Franz, Matthias / Nordmann, Marc A / Rehagel, Claudius / Schäfer, Ralf / Müller, Tobias / Lundqvist, Daniel

    Emotion (Washington, D.C.)

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 7, Page(s) 1537–1549

    Abstract: Alexithymia is characterized by a reduced ability to identify and differentiate emotional aspects of social interaction. In this study we investigated, for the first time, whether alexithymia impairs facial mimicry in response to dynamic naturalistic ... ...

    Abstract Alexithymia is characterized by a reduced ability to identify and differentiate emotional aspects of social interaction. In this study we investigated, for the first time, whether alexithymia impairs facial mimicry in response to dynamic naturalistic facial affect expressions. Potential volunteers were recruited by means of an online survey (
    MeSH term(s) Affective Symptoms ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2102391-8
    ISSN 1931-1516 ; 1528-3542
    ISSN (online) 1931-1516
    ISSN 1528-3542
    DOI 10.1037/emo0001002
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  5. Article: Schlafstörungen verringern den Therapieerfolg stationärer psychosomatischer Behandlungen bei depressiven Störungen.

    Nordmann, Marc A / Seidler, Daniel / Gieselmann, Annika / Schäfer, Ralf / Franz, Matthias

    Zeitschrift fur Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie

    2021  Volume 67, Issue 3, Page(s) 271–289

    Abstract: Sleep disorders reduce the therapeutic success of inpatient psychosomatic treatments for depressive ... ...

    Title translation Sleep disorders reduce the therapeutic success of inpatient psychosomatic treatments for depressive disorders.
    Abstract Sleep disorders reduce the therapeutic success of inpatient psychosomatic treatments for depressive disorders
    MeSH term(s) Depression ; Depressive Disorder/diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder/therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Psychophysiologic Disorders/diagnosis ; Psychophysiologic Disorders/therapy ; Sleep Wake Disorders/therapy
    Language German
    Publishing date 2021-09-15
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 1462944-6
    ISSN 1438-3608
    ISSN 1438-3608
    DOI 10.13109/zptm.2021.67.3.271
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Creation and validation of the Picture-Set of Young Children's Affective Facial Expressions (PSYCAFE).

    Franz, Matthias / Müller, Tobias / Hahn, Sina / Lundqvist, Daniel / Rampoldt, Dirk / Westermann, Jan-Frederik / Nordmann, Marc A / Schäfer, Ralf

    PloS one

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 12, Page(s) e0260871

    Abstract: The immediate detection and correct processing of affective facial expressions are one of the most important competences in social interaction and thus a main subject in emotion and affect research. Generally, studies in these research domains, use ... ...

    Abstract The immediate detection and correct processing of affective facial expressions are one of the most important competences in social interaction and thus a main subject in emotion and affect research. Generally, studies in these research domains, use pictures of adults who display affective facial expressions as experimental stimuli. However, for studies investigating developmental psychology and attachment behaviour it is necessary to use age-matched stimuli, where it is children that display affective expressions. PSYCAFE represents a newly developed picture-set of children's faces. It includes reference portraits of girls and boys aged 4 to 6 years averaged digitally from different individual pictures, that were categorized to six basic affects (fear, disgust, happiness, sadness, anger and surprise) plus a neutral facial expression by cluster analysis. This procedure led to deindividualized and affect prototypical portraits. Individual affect expressive portraits of adults from an already validated picture-set (KDEF) were used in a similar way to create affect prototypical images also of adults. The stimulus set has been validated on human observers and entail emotion recognition accuracy rates and scores for intensity, authenticity and likeability ratings of the specific affect displayed. Moreover, the stimuli have also been characterized by the iMotions Facial Expression Analysis Module, providing additional data on probability values representing the likelihood that the stimuli depict the expected affect. Finally, the validation data from human observers and iMotions are compared to data on facial mimicry of healthy adults in response to these portraits, measured by facial EMG (m. zygomaticus major and m. corrugator supercilii).
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Affect/physiology ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anger/physiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Emotions/physiology ; Facial Expression ; Fear/physiology ; Female ; Happiness ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recognition, Psychology ; Sadness/physiology ; Visual Perception ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Validation Study
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0260871
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Schlafstörungen verringern den Therapieerfolg stationärer psychosomatischer Behandlungen bei depressiven Störungen

    Nordmann, Marc A. / Seidler, Daniel / Gieselmann, Annika / Schäfer, Ralf / Franz, Matthias

    Zeitschrift für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie

    2021  Volume 67, Issue 3, Page(s) 271–289

    Abstract: Fragestellung: Welchen Einfluss haben Ein- und Durchschlafstörungen bei depressiven Störungen auf den Therapieerfolg stationärer psychosomatischer Behandlung? Methode: Die Datenerhebung erfolgte im Verlauf einer naturalistischen, multizentrischen ... ...

    Title translation Sleep disorders reduce the therapeutic success of inpatient psychosomatic treatments for depressive disorders
    Abstract Fragestellung: Welchen Einfluss haben Ein- und Durchschlafstörungen bei depressiven Störungen auf den Therapieerfolg stationärer psychosomatischer Behandlung? Methode: Die Datenerhebung erfolgte im Verlauf einer naturalistischen, multizentrischen Beobachtungsstudie (STOP-D) zu Anfang (T1) und zum Ende (T2) einer stationären, tiefenpsychologisch fundierten psychosomatischen Behandlung sowie sechs Monate nach Entlassung (T3). Die Stichprobe bestand aus Patientinnen mit depressiven Störungen (N = 487), die M = 61.7 Tage (SD = 26.8) stationär behandelt wurden. Aus Items des Beck Depressionsinventars (BDI-I), der Hamilton Depressionsskala (HAMD) und dem Globalen Schwere Index (GSI) der Symptomcheckliste-90 (SCL-90-R) wurde nachträglich zu T1 eine Insomnie-Skala mit insgesamt sieben Items konstruiert. Darauf aufbauend wurden Gruppen anhand der Veränderungen der insomnischen Symptome von T1 zu T2 in "Schlafverbesserer" und "Schlafverschlechterer" gebildet und hinsichtlich differentieller Effekte auf das Therapieergebnis varianzanalytisch ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Die post-hoc gebildete Insomnie-Skala zeigte in den Analysen gute psychometrische Eigenschaften. Depressive Patientinnen, die eine Verbesserung ihrer Ein- und Durchschlafstörungen während der stationären psychosomatischen Behandlung berichteten, hatten in den Selbstbeurteilungsinventaren (BDI-I und SCL-90-R) signifikant niedrigere Belastungswerte als Patientinnen, die keine Veränderung beziehungsweise eine Verschlechterung ihres Schlafes berichteten. Für den Katamnese-Zeitraum trat dieser Effekt noch deutlicher hervor. Diskussion: Ein- und Durchschlafstörungen können bei depressiven Patientinnen ein wichtiger Indikator für die Wirksamkeit der stationären psychosomatischen Behandlung sein und sich besonders negativ auf die Nachhaltigkeit des Therapieerfolgs auswirken.
    Keywords Einzelpsychotherapie ; Frauen ; Group Psychotherapy ; Gruppenpsychotherapie ; Hospitalized Patients ; Human Females ; Individual Psychotherapy ; Insomnia ; Major Depression ; Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ; Psychodynamische Psychotherapie ; Schlaf-Wach-Störungen ; Schlaflosigkeit ; Schlafqualität ; Sleep Quality ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; Stationäre Patientinnen und Patienten ; Therapieergebnisse ; Treatment Outcomes
    Language German
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1462944-6
    ISSN 1438-3608
    ISSN 1438-3608
    Database PSYNDEX

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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