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  1. Article ; Online: The Effect of Different Zinc Sources on Biochemical Parameters, Intestinal Morphology, Carcass Characteristics and Performance in Finishing Lambs.

    Esfiokhi, S H Mousavi / Norouzian, M A / Najafi, A

    Biological trace element research

    2023  Volume 202, Issue 1, Page(s) 175–181

    Abstract: To investigate the effect of different sources of zinc supplements on blood serum parameters, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, carcass characteristics, and intestinal morphology, 18 male Zandi lambs (with initial body weight of 31 ± 1.2 kg and ...

    Abstract To investigate the effect of different sources of zinc supplements on blood serum parameters, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, carcass characteristics, and intestinal morphology, 18 male Zandi lambs (with initial body weight of 31 ± 1.2 kg and 120 ± 8 days old) were divided into three groups, six animals each in a completely random design. Experimental treatments include (1) control treatment of basal diet without zinc supplementation, (2) basal diet with 40 mg/kg of zinc supplementation from zinc sulfate source, and (3) basal diet with 40 mg/kg of zinc supplementation with origin it was organic (Zn-peptide). All lambs were kept in individual pens with cemented floor and provision of individual feeding and watering. Mean daily weight gain increased with zinc supplementation (P < 0.05), but feed intake and feed conversion ratio were not affected by zinc supplementation in the diet. Zinc supplementation increased the apparent digestibility of the dry matter (P < 0.05), but the digestibility of dietary fat, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were not affected by zinc supplementation. In this experiment, the addition of organic and inorganic supplements to the diet of fattening lambs had no significant effect on serum triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and glucose concentrations, and carcass traits. The concentration of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzyme in the zinc sulfate group was significantly higher than the control and organic zinc groups (P < 0.05). Concentrations of blood urea nitrogen were lower in zinc fed lambs, compared to control (P ≤ 0.05). The villi width in the duodenum was higher in the zinc supplementation treatments (P < 0.05). Also, in the ileum section, the height of the villi in the treatment of zinc sulfate supplement was higher, compared to the complement and control (P < 0.05). The results of this study showed that Zn supplementation, regardless of its source, improved growth performance in fattening lambs. However, no effect was observed on feed intake and efficiency, carcass traits, and blood parameters.
    MeSH term(s) Sheep ; Animals ; Male ; Zinc ; Zinc Sulfate/pharmacology ; Detergents ; Dietary Supplements ; Diet/veterinary ; Sheep, Domestic/metabolism ; Animal Feed/analysis
    Chemical Substances Zinc (J41CSQ7QDS) ; Zinc Sulfate (7733-02-0) ; Detergents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 445336-0
    ISSN 1559-0720 ; 0163-4984
    ISSN (online) 1559-0720
    ISSN 0163-4984
    DOI 10.1007/s12011-023-03675-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Effects of monensin supplementation on lactation performance of dairy cows: a systematic review and dose-response meta‑analysis.

    Rezaei Ahvanooei, M R / Norouzian, M A / Piray, A H / Vahmani, P / Ghaffari, M H

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 568

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive review with meta-analysis to determine the effects of the dose-response relationship between monensin supplementation and dairy cow performance and milk composition. Results from 566 full-text articles ...

    Abstract The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive review with meta-analysis to determine the effects of the dose-response relationship between monensin supplementation and dairy cow performance and milk composition. Results from 566 full-text articles and 48 articles with 52 studies were meta-analyzed for pooled estimates. Monensin supplementation up to 23 ppm increased milk production, with the optimal dose being 12.6 ppm. Monensin supplementation at doses ranging from 16 to 96 ppm increased milk production in the prepartum phase (- 28 to 0 day relative to calving). From 60 to 150 DIM, monensin supplementation up to 21 ppm had a significant positive effect on this outcome, while supplementation in the 37 to 96 ppm range caused a decrease in this variable. At 0 to 60 and > 150 DIM, monensin supplementation had no effect on milk yield. At dosages of 22 to 96 ppm, 12 to 36 ppm, and below 58 ppm and 35 ppm, respectively, monensin supplementation resulted in significant decreases in dry matter intake (DMI), milk protein percentage, milk fat percentage, and milk fat yield. Overall, based on the results of this meta-analysis and considering all variables, the recommended optimal dose of monensin could be about 16 ppm.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Female ; Diet/veterinary ; Dietary Supplements ; Lactation/drug effects ; Milk/chemistry ; Milk Proteins/analysis ; Monensin/administration & dosage ; Monensin/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Fats/analysis
    Chemical Substances Milk Proteins ; Monensin (906O0YJ6ZP) ; Fats
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Systematic Review ; Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-27395-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Comprehensive review of resveratrol as a feed additive in dairy cows: exploring its potential diverse effects and implications.

    Rezaei Ahvanooei, M R / Norouzian, M A / Hedayati, M / Ghaffari, M H

    Veterinary research communications

    2023  Volume 47, Issue 3, Page(s) 1115–1124

    Abstract: Heat stress and growing demand for dairy products in tropical regions exert metabolic pressure on dairy cows, leading to metabolic diseases and economic losses. Resveratrol (RSV) is known for its numerous beneficial health effects and can be used as a ... ...

    Abstract Heat stress and growing demand for dairy products in tropical regions exert metabolic pressure on dairy cows, leading to metabolic diseases and economic losses. Resveratrol (RSV) is known for its numerous beneficial health effects and can be used as a barrier against metabolic abnormalities and prevent economic losses. Several studies have investigated the effects of RSV in humans and various animal species. In this review, we attempted to investigate the effects of RSV from different aspects so that we could have a practical proposal for its utilization in dairy cows. RSV was found to have potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and antimicrobial effects, leading to improved reproductive performance. It is interesting that the effect of RSV on the microbial population leads to a significant decrease in methane emissions. However, high doses of RSV have been associated with possible adverse effects, underscoring the dose dependence of its efficacy. In conclusion, RSV polyphenol at optimal doses is a promising agent for the prevention and treatment of metabolic abnormalities in dairy cows, based on our literature review and study results.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Cattle ; Animals ; Milk ; Lactation ; Resveratrol/metabolism ; Diet/veterinary ; Animal Feed/analysis
    Chemical Substances Resveratrol (Q369O8926L)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 406735-6
    ISSN 1573-7446 ; 0165-7380
    ISSN (online) 1573-7446
    ISSN 0165-7380
    DOI 10.1007/s11259-023-10157-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Effects of monensin supplementation on rumen fermentation, methane emissions, nitrogen balance, and metabolic responses of dairy cows: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

    Rezaei Ahvanooei, M R / Norouzian, M A / Piray, A H / Vahmani, P / Ghaffari, M H

    Journal of dairy science

    2023  Volume 107, Issue 1, Page(s) 607–624

    Abstract: To investigate the effects of supplemental monensin administration on the metabolic responses of dairy cows, a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis were conducted. Initially, 604 studies were identified through comprehensive database ... ...

    Abstract To investigate the effects of supplemental monensin administration on the metabolic responses of dairy cows, a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis were conducted. Initially, 604 studies were identified through comprehensive database searches, including Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed, using key words related to dairy cows, monensin, and metabolic outcomes. After a 2-stage screening process, 51 articles with a total of 60 experiments were selected for meta-analysis based on criteria such as study implementation date between 2001 and 2022, presence of a control group that did not receive monensin supplementation, reporting of at least 1 outcome variable, and presentation of means and corresponding errors. The meta-analysis used the 1-stage random-effects method, and sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the results. The results showed that the administration of monensin at a dosage of 19 to 26 mg/kg was inversely related to methane emissions and that the administration of monensin at a dosage of 18 to 50 mg/kg resulted in a significant decrease in dry matter intake. Administration of monensin at doses of 13 to 28 and 15 to 24 mg/kg also resulted in a significant decrease in ruminal acetate proportion and an increase in propionate proportion, respectively, with no effects on ruminal butyrate, NH
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Cattle ; Animals ; Monensin ; Milk/chemistry ; Fermentation ; Methane/metabolism ; Rumen/metabolism ; Nitrogen/metabolism ; Dietary Supplements/analysis ; Diet/veterinary ; Lactation/physiology
    Chemical Substances Monensin (906O0YJ6ZP) ; Methane (OP0UW79H66) ; Nitrogen (N762921K75)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Systematic Review ; Meta-Analysis ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 242499-x
    ISSN 1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
    ISSN (online) 1525-3198
    ISSN 0022-0302
    DOI 10.3168/jds.2023-23441
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Dietary supplemental chromium and niacin influence the growth performance and fat deposition in lambs

    Hashemian, K / Norouzian, M. A / Mohammadi-Sangcheshmeh, A

    Animal production science. 2020, v. 60, no. 5

    2020  

    Abstract: Context Nowadays fat is an unpopular constituent of meat for consumers and therefore, a decrease in fat-tail size is often desirable for producers. Feed additives like chromium (Cr) and niacin (B3) have been reported to improve meat quality in beef and ... ...

    Abstract Context Nowadays fat is an unpopular constituent of meat for consumers and therefore, a decrease in fat-tail size is often desirable for producers. Feed additives like chromium (Cr) and niacin (B3) have been reported to improve meat quality in beef and dairy cattle. However, their effect on meat quality and performance of fat-tail breeds of finishing lambs is unknown. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of supplemental chromium (Cr) and niacin (B3) on performance and fat deposition of carcass of finishing lambs. Methods Twenty male Zandi lambs (23.7 ± 0.73 kg) were allocated into one of four treatments: (1) control; (2) 300 µg/ kg DM Cr as chromium methionine; (3) 200 mg/kg DM B3 as rumen-protected niacin; and (4) 300 µg/ kg DM Cr as chromium methionine + 200 mg/kg DM B3 as rumen-protected niacin. Key results Chromium and B3 supplementation decreased blood glucose, insulin, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein levels (P < 0.05). Lambs fed diet supplemented with B3 consumed more feed with a higher growth (P < 0.05) compared with other groups. There were no significant differences in feed efficiency, hot carcass weight, and dressing percentage among experimental groups. However, there was a decrease in the subcutaneous, abdominal, tail and total carcass fat in Cr supplemented lambs (P < 0.01) compared with other experimental groups. The expression level of acetyl CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) and diglyceride acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) genes was lower in Cr groups of lambs compared with other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions These results indicated that organic Cr supplementation improved meat quality by reducing fat accumulation, whereas B3 supplementation resulted in higher growth rate and feed intake. Implications Results showed that chromium supplementation reduces expression level of acetyl CoA carboxylase 1 and diglyceride acyltransferase 2 genes resulting in lower level of subcutaneous, abdominal, tail and total carcass fat of finishing lambs.
    Keywords acetyl-CoA carboxylase ; blood glucose ; body fat ; breeds ; carcass weight ; chromium ; diacylglycerol acyltransferase ; dressing percentage ; feed additives ; feed conversion ; feed intake ; feed supplements ; genes ; growth performance ; insulin ; lamb finishing ; lambs ; low density lipoprotein ; males ; meat quality ; methionine ; niacin ; tail ; triacylglycerols
    Language English
    Size p. 618-624.
    Publishing place CSIRO Publishing
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2472524-9
    ISSN 1836-5787 ; 1836-0939
    ISSN (online) 1836-5787
    ISSN 1836-0939
    DOI 10.1071/AN18717
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Effects of lambing season, birth type and sex on early performance of lambs

    Norouzian, M. A.

    New Zealand journal of agricultural research

    2015  Volume 58, Issue 1, Page(s) 84

    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 415628-6
    ISSN 0028-8233
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  7. Article: Effects of wheat straw particle size as a free-choice provision on growth performance and feeding behaviors of dairy calves

    Bagheri, N / Alamouti, A.A / Norouzian, M.A / Mirzaei, M / Ghaffari, M.H

    Animal. 2021 Feb., v. 15, no. 2

    2021  

    Abstract: In the dairy calf feeding, supplementation of forage to the starter feed is commonly practiced. However, data are insufficient about how changes in particle size (PS) of forage affect calf performance and behavior in a free-choice forage provision system. ...

    Abstract In the dairy calf feeding, supplementation of forage to the starter feed is commonly practiced. However, data are insufficient about how changes in particle size (PS) of forage affect calf performance and behavior in a free-choice forage provision system. This study aimed to assess the effects of supplementing wheat straw varying in PS on performance, skeletal growth characteristics, ruminal pH, nutritional behaviors, and blood metabolites of dairy calves. Forty-eight Holstein calves (43.8 ± 3.2 kg of BW) from d 15 of age were randomly assigned to one of the four treatments (n = 12/treatment; six males and six females): (1) starter without wheat straw supplementation (CON), (2) CON supplemented with wheat straw chopped at 1 mm geometrical mean particle length (GMPL) (fine PS), (3) CON supplemented with wheat straw at 4 mm GMPL (medium PS), and (4) CON supplemented with wheat straw at 7 mm GMPL (long PS). The calves were given ad libitum access to feed and water throughout the study. All calves were weaned on d 56 of age and continued the experiment until d 90. The starter, wheat straw, and total solid feed intakes were not affected by GMPL of wheat straw; however, CON calves had a lower solid feed-, total DM- and NDF-intake than calves offered wheat straw. Further, ADG, weaning, and final BWs as well as feed efficiency were similar between treatments. No difference was observed in growth rate of hip height, hip width, body barrel, wither height, and heart girth among treatments, however, wheat straw supplemented calves tended to have greater body length at weaning. Blood concentration of serum β-hydroxy butyrate was greater in wheat straw supplemented calves compared with CON calves on d 56 and 90. Calves supplemented with wheat straw spent more time eating starter and forage, lying and ruminating and less time for standing and non-nutritional behaviors compared with the CON calves on d 49 and 63 of the study. Moreover, calves offered wheat straw had greater ruminal pH than CON calves at 4 and 8 h after offering starter feed on d 35. In conclusion, supplementing wheat straw as a free-choice increased solid feed intake, rumen pH, and calves' welfare, however, PS of wheat straw had no effect.
    Keywords Holstein ; blood serum ; body length ; butyrates ; calf feeding ; dairy calves ; feed conversion ; feed intake ; feeds ; forage ; growth performance ; heart ; metabolites ; pH ; particle size ; wheat straw
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-02
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 2257920-5
    ISSN 1751-732X ; 1751-7311
    ISSN (online) 1751-732X
    ISSN 1751-7311
    DOI 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100128
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Effect of potassium iodide supplementation and teat-dipping on iodine status in dairy cows and milk iodine levels

    Rezaei Ahvanooei, M.R / Norouzian, M.A / Hedayati, M / Vahmani, P

    Domestic animal endocrinology. 2021 Jan., v. 74

    2021  

    Abstract: Two experiments were designed to determine the effects of dietary iodine and teat-dipping on the iodine status of dairy cows and their milk. Eight mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows with an initial body weight of 642 ± 62 kg and 145 ± 21 d in milk were ... ...

    Abstract Two experiments were designed to determine the effects of dietary iodine and teat-dipping on the iodine status of dairy cows and their milk. Eight mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows with an initial body weight of 642 ± 62 kg and 145 ± 21 d in milk were studied for 2 periods over 44 d. In period 1, all cows were fed a basal diet supplemented with potassium iodide (KI) (10 mg I/Kg DM) for 8 d with no teat-dipping. In period 2, a pre-milking teat-dipping was applied for 10 d followed by no teat-dipping before milking (udder wash without iodine) and then post-dipping treatment was applied for 5 d. Feeding KI increased concentrations of iodine in serum, urine, and milk (P < 0.05). Switching from the KI supplementation to no iodine addition resulted in an immediate decrease of iodine in serum, urine, and milk (P < 0.05). Post teat-dipping resulted in increased iodine levels in serum, urine, and milk (P < 0.05). However, pre-milking teat-dipping did not affect iodine concentration compared to post-dipping. A 250 mL cup of milk from the control and KI-supplemented diets would provide 29.4% and 68.4%, respectively, of the adult-recommended dietary allowance for iodine. In conclusion, milk iodine concentration could be effectively enhanced by KI supplementation and teat-dipping practices.
    Keywords Holstein ; blood serum ; body weight ; diet ; endocrinology ; iodine ; milk ; potassium iodide ; udders ; urine
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-01
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 594468-5
    ISSN 1879-0054 ; 0739-7240
    ISSN (online) 1879-0054
    ISSN 0739-7240
    DOI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106504
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Effect of potassium iodide supplementation and teat-dipping on iodine status in dairy cows and milk iodine levels.

    Rezaei Ahvanooei, M R / Norouzian, M A / Hedayati, M / Vahmani, P

    Domestic animal endocrinology

    2020  Volume 74, Page(s) 106504

    Abstract: Two experiments were designed to determine the effects of dietary iodine and teat-dipping on the iodine status of dairy cows and their milk. Eight mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows with an initial body weight of 642 ± 62 kg and 145 ± 21 d in milk were ... ...

    Abstract Two experiments were designed to determine the effects of dietary iodine and teat-dipping on the iodine status of dairy cows and their milk. Eight mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows with an initial body weight of 642 ± 62 kg and 145 ± 21 d in milk were studied for 2 periods over 44 d. In period 1, all cows were fed a basal diet supplemented with potassium iodide (KI) (10 mg I/Kg DM) for 8 d with no teat-dipping. In period 2, a pre-milking teat-dipping was applied for 10 d followed by no teat-dipping before milking (udder wash without iodine) and then post-dipping treatment was applied for 5 d. Feeding KI increased concentrations of iodine in serum, urine, and milk (P < 0.05). Switching from the KI supplementation to no iodine addition resulted in an immediate decrease of iodine in serum, urine, and milk (P < 0.05). Post teat-dipping resulted in increased iodine levels in serum, urine, and milk (P < 0.05). However, pre-milking teat-dipping did not affect iodine concentration compared to post-dipping. A 250 mL cup of milk from the control and KI-supplemented diets would provide 29.4% and 68.4%, respectively, of the adult-recommended dietary allowance for iodine. In conclusion, milk iodine concentration could be effectively enhanced by KI supplementation and teat-dipping practices.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle/physiology ; Dairying/methods ; Diet/veterinary ; Dietary Supplements ; Disinfectants/administration & dosage ; Female ; Iodine/administration & dosage ; Iodine/analysis ; Iodine/deficiency ; Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects ; Milk/chemistry ; Nutritional Status ; Potassium Iodide/administration & dosage
    Chemical Substances Disinfectants ; Potassium Iodide (1C4QK22F9J) ; Iodine (9679TC07X4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 594468-5
    ISSN 1879-0054 ; 0739-7240
    ISSN (online) 1879-0054
    ISSN 0739-7240
    DOI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106504
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Iodine in raw and pasteurized milk of dairy cows fed different amounts of potassium iodide.

    Norouzian, M A

    Biological trace element research

    2011  Volume 139, Issue 2, Page(s) 160–167

    Abstract: Relation between iodine (I) intake by lactating Holstein cows and iodine concentrations in raw and pasteurized milk were investigated. Four treatment groups with eight cows assigned to each treatment were fed a basal diet containing 0.534 mg I/kg alone ... ...

    Abstract Relation between iodine (I) intake by lactating Holstein cows and iodine concentrations in raw and pasteurized milk were investigated. Four treatment groups with eight cows assigned to each treatment were fed a basal diet containing 0.534 mg I/kg alone or supplemented with potassium iodide at 2.5, 5 or 7.5 mg/kg in 7-week period. Iodine concentrations in raw milk increased with each increase in dietary I from 162.2 ng/ml for basal diet to 534.5, 559.8 and 607.5 ng/ml when 2.5, 5 and 7.5 mg/kg was fed as potassium iodide (P < 0.05). This trend was found for blood plasma and urine iodine concentration. Iodine supplementation had no significant effect on thyroidal hormones. high-temperature short-time (HTST) pasteurization process reduced I concentration. The mean iodine content found in the milk prior to heating processing was 466.0 ± 205.0 ng/ml, whereas for the processed milk this level was 349.5 ± 172.8 ng/ml. It was concluded that iodine supplementation above of NRC recommendation (0.5 mg/kg diet DM) resulted in significant increases in iodine concentrations in milk, although the effect of heating in HTST pasteurization process on iodine concentration was not negligible.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Dietary Supplements ; Heating ; Iodine/analysis ; Iodine/chemistry ; Milk/chemistry ; Potassium Iodide/administration & dosage ; Potassium Iodide/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Potassium Iodide (1C4QK22F9J) ; Iodine (9679TC07X4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 445336-0
    ISSN 1559-0720 ; 0163-4984
    ISSN (online) 1559-0720
    ISSN 0163-4984
    DOI 10.1007/s12011-010-8651-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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