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Article ; Online: Cross Talk between MicroRNAs and Dengue Virus.

Macha, Nur Omar / Komarasamy, Thamil Vaani / Harun, Sarahani / Adnan, Nur Amelia Azreen / Hassan, Sharifah Syed / Balasubramaniam, Vinod R M T

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

2024 Volume 110, Issue 5, Page(s) 856–867

Abstract: Dengue fever (DF) is an endemic infectious tropical disease and is rapidly becoming a global problem. Dengue fever is caused by one of the four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes and is spread by the female Aedes mosquito. Clinical manifestations of DF may ... ...

Abstract	Dengue fever (DF) is an endemic infectious tropical disease and is rapidly becoming a global problem. Dengue fever is caused by one of the four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes and is spread by the female Aedes mosquito. Clinical manifestations of DF may range from asymptomatic to life-threatening severe illness with conditions of hemorrhagic fever and shock. Early and precise diagnosis is vital to avoid mortality from DF. A different approach is required to combat DF because of the challenges with the vaccines currently available, which are nonspecific; each is capable of causing cross-reaction and disease-enhancing antibody responses against the residual serotypes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to be implicated in DENV infection and are postulated to be involved in most of the host responses. Thus, they might be a suitable target for new strategies against the disease. The involvement of miRNAs in cellular activities and pathways during viral infections has been explored under numerous conditions. Interestingly, miRNAs have also been shown to be involved in viral replication. In this review, we summarize the role of known miRNAs, specifically the role of miRNA Let-7c (miR-Let-7c), miR-133a, miR-30e, and miR-146a, in the regulation of DENV replication and their possible effects on the initial immune reaction.
MeSH term(s)	MicroRNAs/genetics ; Dengue Virus/genetics ; Humans ; Dengue/immunology ; Dengue/virology ; Animals ; Virus Replication/genetics ; Aedes/virology ; Aedes/genetics
Chemical Substances	MicroRNAs
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2942-7
ISSN	1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
ISSN (online)	1476-1645
ISSN	0002-9637
DOI	10.4269/ajtmh.23-0546
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Article ; Online: The Association Between Perceived Discrimination, Age and Proportion of Lifetime in the United States Among Somali Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Lohr, Abby M / Pratt, Rebekah / Dirie, Hana / Ahmed, Yahye / Elmi, Hindi / Nur, Omar / Osman, Ahmed / Novotny, Paul / Mohamed, Ahmed A / Griffin, Joan M / Sia, Irene G / Wieland, Mark L

Journal of immigrant and minority health

2024

Abstract: Discrimination is detrimental to health. Little is known about perceived discrimination among Somali immigrants. We examined whether age or proportion of lifetime in the United States was associated with perceived discrimination among Somali immigrants. ... ...

Abstract	Discrimination is detrimental to health. Little is known about perceived discrimination among Somali immigrants. We examined whether age or proportion of lifetime in the United States was associated with perceived discrimination among Somali immigrants. Guided by Intersectionality, we described a secondary analysis of Everyday Discrimination Scale (EDS) survey data from the Healthy Immigrant Community study. Younger participants ( ≤40 years) experienced more discrimination than older participants ( >40 years). Higher education, being male, and earning $20,000-$39,999 was associated with more perceived discrimination. These findings suggest that Somali immigrants who are younger, more formally educated, male, and/or earn $20,000-$39,000 report more discrimination than their counterparts. Possible explanations include exposure to discrimination outside the Somali community or more awareness about racism. Alternatively, the EDS may not capture the discrimination experienced by Somali women or older adults. Further research is needed to address the discrimination experienced by Somali immigrants. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT05136339, November 29,2021.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2220162-2
ISSN	1557-1920 ; 1557-1912
ISSN (online)	1557-1920
ISSN	1557-1912
DOI	10.1007/s10903-024-01589-3
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Article ; Online: Rochester Healthy Community Partnership: Then and now.

Wieland, Mark L / Njeru, Jane W / Weis, Jennifer A / Lohr, Abby / Nigon, Julie A / Goodson, Miriam / Osman, Ahmed / Molina, Luz / Ahmed, Yahye / Capetillo, Graciela Porraz / Nur, Omar / Sia, Irene G

Frontiers in public health

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1090131

Abstract: Community-engaged research partnerships promote health equity through incorporation of regional contexts to inform partnership dynamics that shape research and interventions that reflect community voice and priorities. Long-term partnerships build ... ...

Abstract	Community-engaged research partnerships promote health equity through incorporation of regional contexts to inform partnership dynamics that shape research and interventions that reflect community voice and priorities. Long-term partnerships build trusted relationships and promote capacity building among community and academic partners, but there are many structural barriers to sustaining long-term partnerships. Here we describe lessons learned from sustaining Rochester Healthy Community Partnership (RHCP), an 18-year community-based participatory research (CBPR) partnership in Southeast Minnesota. RHCP collaborates with immigrant and refugee populations to co-create interventions that promote health equity for community health priorities. Challenges to sustainability include a tension between project-based funding and the needs of long-term community-based research infrastructure. These challenges can be met with a focus on shared CBPR principles, operating norms, partnership dynamics, and governance. RHCP began in 2004 through identification of a community health priority, defining the community, and establishment of CBPR principles. It grew through identification of broader community health priorities, capacity building for community and academic partners, and integration of diverse learners. We describe the capacity for RHCP to respond to new societal contexts, the importance of partnership dynamics as a barometer for partnership health, and lessons learned about sustainability of the CBPR partnership.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Health Promotion ; Community-Institutional Relations ; Health Status ; Community-Based Participatory Research ; Capacity Building
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2022.1090131
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Article: The Putative Roles and Functions of Indel, Repetition and Duplication Events in Alphavirus Non-Structural Protein 3 Hypervariable Domain (nsP3 HVD) in Evolution, Viability and Re-Emergence

Abdullah, Nurshariza / Ahemad, Nafees / Aliazis, Konstantinos / Khairat, Jasmine Elanie / Lee, Thong Chuan / Abdul Ahmad, Siti Aisyah / Adnan, Nur Amelia Azreen / Macha, Nur Omar / Hassan, Sharifah Syed

Viruses. 2021 May 28, v. 13, no. 6

2021

Abstract: Alphavirus non-structural proteins 1–4 (nsP1, nsP2, nsP3, and nsP4) are known to be crucial for alphavirus RNA replication and translation. To date, nsP3 has been demonstrated to mediate many virus–host protein–protein interactions in several fundamental ...

Abstract	Alphavirus non-structural proteins 1–4 (nsP1, nsP2, nsP3, and nsP4) are known to be crucial for alphavirus RNA replication and translation. To date, nsP3 has been demonstrated to mediate many virus–host protein–protein interactions in several fundamental alphavirus mechanisms, particularly during the early stages of replication. However, the molecular pathways and proteins networks underlying these mechanisms remain poorly described. This is due to the low genetic sequence homology of the nsP3 protein among the alphavirus species, especially at its 3′ C-terminal domain, the hypervariable domain (HVD). Moreover, the nsP3 HVD is almost or completely intrinsically disordered and has a poor ability to form secondary structures. Evolution in the nsP3 HVD region allows the alphavirus to adapt to vertebrate and insect hosts. This review focuses on the putative roles and functions of indel, repetition, and duplication events that have occurred in the alphavirus nsP3 HVD, including characterization of the differences and their implications for specificity in the context of virus–host interactions in fundamental alphavirus mechanisms, which have thus directly facilitated the evolution, adaptation, viability, and re-emergence of these viruses.
Keywords	Alphavirus ; RNA replication ; amino acid sequences ; evolution ; insects ; sequence homology ; vertebrates ; viability ; viral nonstructural proteins
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0528
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v13061021
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Article ; Online: Healthy immigrant community study protocol: A randomized controlled trial of a social network intervention for cardiovascular risk reduction among Hispanic and Somali adults.

Wieland, Mark L / Molina, Luz / Goodson, Miriam / Capetillo, Graciela Porraz / Osman, Ahmed / Ahmed, Yahye / Elmi, Hindi / Nur, Omar / Iteghete, Sheila O / Torres-Herbeck, Gloria / Dirie, Hana / Clark, Matthew M / Lohr, Abby M / Smith, Kaiti / Zeratsky, Katherine / Rieck, Thomas / Herrin, Jeph / Valente, Thomas W / Sia, Irene G

Contemporary clinical trials

2024 Volume 138, Page(s) 107465

Abstract: Background: Immigrants to the United States face structural barriers that contribute to rising cardiovascular risk factors and obesity after immigration. This manuscript describes the development of the Healthy Immigrant Community protocol and baseline ... ...

Abstract	Background: Immigrants to the United States face structural barriers that contribute to rising cardiovascular risk factors and obesity after immigration. This manuscript describes the development of the Healthy Immigrant Community protocol and baseline measures for a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial to test the effectiveness of a social network intervention for cardiovascular risk reduction among two immigrant populations. Methods: We developed a social network-informed, community-based, participatory research-derived health promotion intervention with Hispanic and Somali immigrant communities in Minnesota consisting of mentoring, educational and motivational sessions, group activities, and a community toolkit for healthy weight loss delivered by culturally concordant health promoters (HPs) to their social networks. Using a stepped wedge cluster randomized design, social network-based groups were randomly assigned to receive the intervention either immediately or after a delay of one year. Outcomes, measured at baseline, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months, were derived from the American Heart Association's "Life's Simple 7": BMI and waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, physical activity level, and dietary quality. Results: A total of 51 HPs were enrolled and randomized (29 Hispanic; 22 Somali). There were 475 participants enrolled in the study, representing a mean social network group size of 8 (range, 5-12). The mean BMI of the sample (32.2) was in the "obese" range. Conclusion: Processes and products from this Healthy Immigrant Community protocol are relevant to other communities seeking to reduce cardiovascular risk factors and negative health behaviors among immigrant populations by leveraging the influence of their social networks.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Hispanic or Latino ; Obesity ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Risk Factors ; Social Networking ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2182176-8
ISSN	1559-2030 ; 1551-7144
ISSN (online)	1559-2030
ISSN	1551-7144
DOI	10.1016/j.cct.2024.107465
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Article ; Online: The Recruitment to Dissemination Continuum in Community-based Participatory Research.

Mohamed, Ahmed A / Ridgeway, Jennifer L / Njeru, Jane W / Molina, Luz E / Ahmed, Yahye A / Goodson, Miriam / Osman, Ahmed / Porraz Capetillo, Graciela D / Nur, Omar / Sia, Irene G / Wieland, Mark L

Progress in community health partnerships : research, education, and action

2022 Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) 169–179

Abstract: Background: Dissemination of research findings to participants and communities, particularly among traditionally marginalized groups, is a systemic challenge. In community-based participatory research (CBPR), long-term partnerships may foster a link ... ...

Abstract	Background: Dissemination of research findings to participants and communities, particularly among traditionally marginalized groups, is a systemic challenge. In community-based participatory research (CBPR), long-term partnerships may foster a link between recruitment to research studies, dissemination of results, and recruitment to future studies. Objectives: To analyze the recruitment to dissemination continuum of a CBPR study and its potential impact on partnership processes and future research. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study with four focus groups with community members and academic partners who participated in the recruitment and the dissemination of research findings from a study of Hispanic and Somali social networks in Rochester, Minnesota. Thematic analysis and coding of focus group transcripts was conducted by investigators. The CBPR conceptual model for this partnership guided the analysis. Results: Trust, relationship building, and capacity building were key features for successful participant recruitment and research dissemination strategies. Strategies, resources, and relationships used or developed during the recruitment phase of research were directly applied to planning a dissemination event. Participants and members of their communities said they were more likely to participate in future research studies as a result of attending a dissemination event. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the ways in which recruitment of marginalized populations to research studies and dissemination of study results can manifest as a continuum. This continuum is nurtured by trust, longitudinal relationships, and robust partnership dynamics. These factors fit well within an existing CBPR conceptual model.
MeSH term(s)	Capacity Building ; Community-Based Participatory Research/methods ; Community-Institutional Relations ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Qualitative Research
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2275483-0
ISSN	1557-055X ; 1557-0541
ISSN (online)	1557-055X
ISSN	1557-0541
DOI	10.1353/cpr.2022.0021
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Article ; Online: The Putative Roles and Functions of Indel, Repetition and Duplication Events in Alphavirus Non-Structural Protein 3 Hypervariable Domain (nsP3 HVD) in Evolution, Viability and Re-Emergence.

Viruses

2021 Volume 13, Issue 6

Abstract: Alphavirus non-structural proteins 1-4 (nsP1, nsP2, nsP3, and nsP4) are known to be crucial for alphavirus RNA replication and translation. To date, nsP3 has been demonstrated to mediate many virus-host protein-protein interactions in several fundamental ...

Abstract	Alphavirus non-structural proteins 1-4 (nsP1, nsP2, nsP3, and nsP4) are known to be crucial for alphavirus RNA replication and translation. To date, nsP3 has been demonstrated to mediate many virus-host protein-protein interactions in several fundamental alphavirus mechanisms, particularly during the early stages of replication. However, the molecular pathways and proteins networks underlying these mechanisms remain poorly described. This is due to the low genetic sequence homology of the nsP3 protein among the alphavirus species, especially at its 3' C-terminal domain, the hypervariable domain (HVD). Moreover, the nsP3 HVD is almost or completely intrinsically disordered and has a poor ability to form secondary structures. Evolution in the nsP3 HVD region allows the alphavirus to adapt to vertebrate and insect hosts. This review focuses on the putative roles and functions of indel, repetition, and duplication events that have occurred in the alphavirus nsP3 HVD, including characterization of the differences and their implications for specificity in the context of virus-host interactions in fundamental alphavirus mechanisms, which have thus directly facilitated the evolution, adaptation, viability, and re-emergence of these viruses.
MeSH term(s)	Alphavirus/genetics ; Alphavirus/metabolism ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Cell Line ; Evolution, Molecular ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Mice ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/genetics ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins/metabolism ; Virus Replication
Chemical Substances	Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; nsp3 protein, alphavirus
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v13061021
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Article ; Online: Community-Engaged Bidirectional Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication With Immigrant and Refugee Populations During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Wieland, Mark L / Asiedu, Gladys B / Njeru, Jane W / Weis, Jennifer A / Lantz, Kiley / Abbenyi, Adeline / Molina, Luz / Ahmed, Yahye / Osman, Ahmed / Goodson, Miriam / Torres-Herbeck, Gloria / Nur, Omar / Porraz Capetillo, Graciela / Mohamed, Ahmed A / Sia, Irene G

Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)

2022 Volume 137, Issue 2, Page(s) 352–361

Abstract: Objectives: This study was conducted to assess an intervention that was created by a community-academic partnership to address COVID-19 health inequities. We evaluated a community-engaged bidirectional pandemic crisis and emergency risk communication ( ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: This study was conducted to assess an intervention that was created by a community-academic partnership to address COVID-19 health inequities. We evaluated a community-engaged bidirectional pandemic crisis and emergency risk communication (CERC) framework with immigrant and refugee populations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A 17-year community-engaged research partnership adopted a CERC framework in March 2020 to address COVID-19 prevention, testing, and socioeconomic impacts with immigrant and refugee groups in southeast Minnesota. The partnership used bidirectional communication between communication leaders and their social networks to refine messages, leverage resources, and advise policy makers. We conducted a mixed-methods evaluation for intervention acceptability, feasibility, reach, adaptation, and sustainability through multisource data, including email communications, work group notes, semistructured interviews, and focus groups. Results: The intervention reached at least 39 000 people in 9 months. It was implemented as intended and perceived efficacy was high. Frequent communication between community and academic partners allowed the team to respond rapidly to concerns and facilitated connection of community members to resources. Framework implementation also led to systems and policy changes to meet the needs of immigrant and refugee populations. Conclusions: Community-engaged CERC is feasible and sustainable and can reduce COVID-19 disparities through shared creation and dissemination of public health messages, enhanced connection to existing resources, and incorporation of community perspectives in regional pandemic mitigation policies.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/ethnology ; Community Participation/methods ; Community-Based Participatory Research/organization & administration ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Health Communication/methods ; Humans ; Minnesota ; Program Evaluation ; Refugees ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	120953-x
ISSN	1468-2877 ; 0033-3549
ISSN (online)	1468-2877
ISSN	0033-3549
DOI	10.1177/00333549211065514
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Article ; Online: An Assessment of Health Priorities Among a Community Sample of Somali Adults.

Mohamed, Ahmed A / Lantz, Kiley / Ahmed, Yahye A / Osman, Ahmed / Nur, Mohamud A / Nur, Omar / Njeru, Jane W / Sia, Irene G / Wieland, Mark L

Journal of immigrant and minority health

2021 Volume 24, Issue 2, Page(s) 455–460

Abstract: Somali immigrants are one of the largest African populations to resettle in the United States since 1990. There is an emerging literature base of disease-specific studies among Somali immigrants. However, we are aware of no studies on the health ... ...

Abstract	Somali immigrants are one of the largest African populations to resettle in the United States since 1990. There is an emerging literature base of disease-specific studies among Somali immigrants. However, we are aware of no studies on the health priorities for Somalis from the community's perspective. Somali adults in Minnesota completed a survey conducted by a community-based participatory research partnership on individual and community health priorities. Data were reported as counts and frequencies. 646 participants completed the survey. The most important health issues for individuals and their families were health behaviors (22.7%), diabetes (18.2%), and hypertension (14.4%), while those of the community were diabetes (22.5%), hypertension (18.8%) and weight (15.9%). This study found a significant overlap of health priorities among Somali individuals and their families compared to the community. These health priorities underscore the need to focus on non-communicable diseases among Somali immigrants.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Community-Based Participatory Research ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Health Behavior ; Health Priorities ; Humans ; Somalia ; United States
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2220162-2
ISSN	1557-1920 ; 1557-1912
ISSN (online)	1557-1920
ISSN	1557-1912
DOI	10.1007/s10903-021-01166-y
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Article ; Online: Social networks and obesity among Somali immigrants and refugees.

Njeru, Jane W / Wieland, Mark L / Okamoto, Janet M / Novotny, Paul J / Breen-Lyles, Margaret K / Osman, Ahmed / Ahmed, Yahye A / Nur, Mohamud A / Nur, Omar / Sia, Irene G

BMC public health

2020 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 238

Abstract: Background: Somali immigrants and refugees to the United States are at high risk for obesity and related cardiovascular risk. Social network factors influence health behaviors and are important contributors to the obesity epidemic. The objective of this ...

Abstract	Background: Somali immigrants and refugees to the United States are at high risk for obesity and related cardiovascular risk. Social network factors influence health behaviors and are important contributors to the obesity epidemic. The objective of this study was to describe social networks and obesity-related characteristics among adult Somali immigrants in a Minnesota city in order to inform a community-based, participatory, research-derived, social network intervention to decrease obesity rates. Methods: Survey data (demographics, general health measures, and sociobehavioral and network measures) and height and weight measures (for calculating body mass index) were collected from adult Somali immigrants by bilingual study team members at community locations. Descriptive statistics were used to report the survey and biometric data. Logistic regression models were used to describe the basic associations of participants and network factors. Network data were analyzed to identify nodes and ties, to visualize the network, and to identify potential interventionists for a future social network intervention. Results: Of the 646 participants, 50% were overweight or affected by obesity. The network had 1703 nodes with 3583 ties between nodes, and modularity was high (0.75). Compared with respondents of normal weight, participants who were overweight or affected by obesity had more network members who were also overweight or obese (odds ratio [OR], 2.90; 95% CI, 1.11-7.56; P = .03); this was most notable for men (OR, 4.58; 95% CI, 1.22-17.22; P = .02) and suggestive for those 50 years or older (OR, 24.23; 95% CI, 1.55-377.83; P = .03). Weight loss intention among participants who were overweight or affected by obesity was associated with number of family members and friends trying to lose weight, enabling functional network factors (social norms for weight loss, social support for healthy eating, and social cohesion), and less favorable obesogenic social norms. Conclusions: In this community sample of Somali immigrants, distinct social networks are clustered by weight status, and social contacts and functional network characteristics are related to individuals' weight loss intentions. These factors should be considered in weight loss interventions and programs. A social network intervention targeting weight loss, within a community-based participatory research framework, is feasible in this vulnerable population.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Body Mass Index ; Community-Based Participatory Research ; Diet, Healthy ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Minnesota/epidemiology ; Obesity/ethnology ; Overweight/ethnology ; Refugees ; Social Networking ; Social Norms ; Social Support ; Somalia/ethnology ; Weight Loss
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-020-8315-7
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