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Article ; Online: Reply Letter.

O'Connor, Emily / Waterworth, Susan

International journal of mental health nursing

2024

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-17
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2076760-2
ISSN	1447-0349 ; 1445-8330
ISSN (online)	1447-0349
ISSN	1445-8330
DOI	10.1111/inm.13339
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Article ; Online: Expanding urological services into regional Australia and reducing interhospital transfers: how the nurse practitioner can help.

Willder, S / Kelsey, E / O'Connor, E / Grills, R

ANZ journal of surgery

2024

Abstract: Background: A visiting urology service has been in existence at Hamilton Base Hospital, Western Victoria, over the past 25 years, serving an unmet need. A Urology Nurse Practitioner (UNP) provides the care and management of urology patients working in ... ...

Abstract	Background: A visiting urology service has been in existence at Hamilton Base Hospital, Western Victoria, over the past 25 years, serving an unmet need. A Urology Nurse Practitioner (UNP) provides the care and management of urology patients working in close association with visiting urologists. We aim to assess the impact of the UNP's role in the delivery of regional urological care. Methods: A retrospective analysis of medical records identified all clinical interventions by the UNP between January 2016 and December 2019. Each encounter was graded according to a clinical severity scale from grade 1 to 5 and assessed for UNP management of patients and the prevention of interhospital transfers. Results: One hundred eighty-four patients with 654 individual assessments were identified for inclusion and classified according to the adapted clinical severity scale. Most interventions for category 3 and 4 patients related to major bleeding, catheter difficulties, and haemodynamic instability. A total of 19 patients whose urological issues would typically require interhospital transfer were able to be managed locally. Conclusions: Transferring an acute patient from a regional to a tertiary hospital for specialist care is often necessary but not ideal for the patient and their family. The presence of a dedicated UNP in a regional centre is important for patient care and has an important role in preventing unnecessary transfers. This is a vital component of a visiting urological service to a rural community.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-15
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050749-5
ISSN	1445-2197 ; 1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
ISSN (online)	1445-2197
ISSN	1445-1433 ; 0004-8682
DOI	10.1111/ans.18993
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Article ; Online: The lecturer-tutor in undergraduate medical education; navigating complexity as "a recruiter, a timetabler, an administrator, a counsellor".

O'Connor, Enda / Doyle, Evin

BMC medical education

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 575

Abstract: Background: Tutors play an important role in the delivery of effective undergraduate medical education (UGME). These roles commonly involve competing clinical, educational and research commitments. We sought to obtain a rich description of these posts ... ...

Abstract	Background: Tutors play an important role in the delivery of effective undergraduate medical education (UGME). These roles commonly involve competing clinical, educational and research commitments. We sought to obtain a rich description of these posts from doctors working in them. Methods: We used a pragmatist, sequential explanatory mixed-methods design with a sampling frame of clinical lecturer/tutors in 5 Irish medical schools. Purposive sampling was used for recruitment. Quantitative data collected from a validated online questionnaire were used to inform a semi-structured interview question guide. Thematic analysis was conducted independently by each of the study researchers, using a coding frame derived in part from the findings of the online questionnaire. Quantitative and qualitative mixing occurred during data collection, analysis and reporting. Results: 34 tutors completed the online survey with 7 volunteers for interview. Most respondents took the job to gain experience in either educational practice (79.4%) or in research (61.8%). Major themes to emerge were the diverse interactions with students, balancing multiple professional commitments, a high degree of role-autonomy, mis-perception of role by non-tutor colleagues, challenges around work-life balance and unpredictable work demands. Using a complexity theory lens, the tutor role was defined by its relational interactions with numerous stakeholders, all in the context of an environment that changed regularly and in an unpredictable manner. Conclusions: The undergraduate tutor works in a demanding role balancing educational and non-educational commitments with suboptimal senior guidance and feedback. The role is notable for its position within a complex adaptive system. An understanding of the system's interactions recognises the non-linearity of the role. Using a complex systems lens, we propose improvements to undergraduate education centred around the tutor.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Education, Medical, Undergraduate/organization & administration ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Professional Role/psychology ; Faculty, Medical/psychology ; Faculty, Medical/statistics & numerical data ; Ireland ; Male ; Female
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2044473-4
ISSN	1472-6920 ; 1472-6920
ISSN (online)	1472-6920
ISSN	1472-6920
DOI	10.1186/s12909-023-04560-2
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Article ; Online: Searching for the optimal microbial factory: high-throughput biosensors and analytical techniques for screening small molecules.

O'Connor, Eloise / Micklefield, Jason / Cai, Yizhi

Current opinion in biotechnology

2024 Volume 87, Page(s) 103125

Abstract: High-throughput screening technologies have been lacking in comparison to the plethora of high-throughput genetic diversification techniques developed in biotechnology. This review explores the challenges and advancements in high-throughput screening for ...

Abstract	High-throughput screening technologies have been lacking in comparison to the plethora of high-throughput genetic diversification techniques developed in biotechnology. This review explores the challenges and advancements in high-throughput screening for high-value natural products, focusing on the critical need to expand ligand targets for biosensors and increase the throughput of analytical techniques in screening microbial cell libraries for optimal strain performance. The engineering techniques to broaden the scope of ligands for biosensors, such as transcription factors, G protein-coupled receptors and riboswitches are discussed. On the other hand, integration of microfluidics with traditional analytical methods is explored, covering fluorescence-activated cell sorting, Raman-activated cell sorting and mass spectrometry, emphasising recent developments in maximising throughput.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1052045-4
ISSN	1879-0429 ; 0958-1669
ISSN (online)	1879-0429
ISSN	0958-1669
DOI	10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103125
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Article: A Scoping Review of Assessment Methods Following Undergraduate Clinical Placements in Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine.

O'Connor, Enda / Doyle, Evin

Frontiers in medicine

2022 Volume 9, Page(s) 871515

Abstract: Introduction: Anesthesia and intensive care medicine are relatively new undergraduate medical placements. Both present unique learning opportunities and educational challenges to trainers and medical students. In the context of ongoing advances in ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Anesthesia and intensive care medicine are relatively new undergraduate medical placements. Both present unique learning opportunities and educational challenges to trainers and medical students. In the context of ongoing advances in medical education assessment and the importance of robust assessment methods, our scoping review sought to describe current research around medical student assessment after anesthesia and intensive care placements. Methods: Following Levac's 6 step scoping review guide, we searched PubMed, EMBASE, EBSCO, SCOPUS, and Web of Science from 1980 to August 2021, including English-language original articles describing assessment after undergraduate medical placements in anesthesia and intensive care medicine. Results were reported in accordance with PRISMA scoping review guidelines. Results: Nineteen articles published between 1983 and 2021 were selected for detailed review, with a mean of 119 participants and a median placement duration of 4 weeks. The most common assessment tools used were multiple-choice questions (7 studies), written assessment (6 studies) and simulation (6 studies). Seven studies used more than one assessment tool. All pre-/post-test studies showed an improvement in learning outcomes following clinical placements. No studies used workplace-based assessments or entrustable professional activities. One study included an account of theoretical considerations in study design. Discussion: A diverse range of evidence-based assessment tools have been used in undergraduate medical assessment after anesthesia and intensive care placements. There is little evidence that recent developments in workplace assessment, entrustable activities and programmatic assessment have translated to undergraduate anesthesia or intensive care practice. This represents an area for further research as well as for curricular and assessment developments.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2022.871515
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Article ; Online: The role of WhatsApp® in medical education; a scoping review and instructional design model.

Coleman, E / O'Connor, E

BMC medical education

2019 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 279

Abstract: Background: Technological advances have driven huge change in educational practices though concerns exist about a lack of evidence informing this change, in particular with social media-based medical education activities. The purpose of this study was ... ...

Abstract	Background: Technological advances have driven huge change in educational practices though concerns exist about a lack of evidence informing this change, in particular with social media-based medical education activities. The purpose of this study was to conduct a scoping review of WhatsApp use in medical education, narratively describing how it has been used and evaluated, and the theoretical considerations in relevant articles. Methods: A modified 5-stage scoping review model was used. We performed 2 searches from February 2009 to February 2019 in EBSCO, SCOPUS, Web of Science, EMBASE, Medline PubMed and Google Scholar) using the term "WhatsApp" in all search fields. A 3-stage process for study selection was performed. Only original articles in English presenting original data about WhatsApp in medical education were included. The Kirkpatrick model of training evaluation was used to describe learning outcomes in included studies. Results: Twenty-three articles were selected for review. Three strategies for WhatsApp use were apparent; primarily educational use with a pre-defined curriculum (n = 5), primarily educational use without a curriculum (n = 11), and primarily non-educational use (n = 7). Most of the educational studies used an online moderator and were in a local hospital or university department. Studies not primarily educational were national or international and seldom included an online moderator. All 5 studies with a pre-defined curriculum reported Kirkpatrick level 2 learner knowledge outcomes. A majority of the remaining studies only reported Kirkpatrick level 1 learner attitudes. Seven studies with 647 participants reported an improvement in learners' knowledge following WhatsApp learning, though methodological weaknesses were apparent. Evidence for underlying learning theory considerations were scant throughout the studies. Conclusions: WhatsApp is popular and convenient in medical education. Current published literature suggests it may also be effective as a medical learning tool. By combining the 3 strategies for WhatsApp use and the exploration-enactment-assessment integrated learning design framework, we propose an instant messenger design model for medical education. This may address the need for theory-driven instructional design in social media learning. Further research would clarify the role of WhatsApp and our design model in this area.
MeSH term(s)	Clinical Competence ; Curriculum ; Education, Medical ; Models, Educational ; Software
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2044473-4
ISSN	1472-6920 ; 1472-6920
ISSN (online)	1472-6920
ISSN	1472-6920
DOI	10.1186/s12909-019-1706-8
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The role of multidisciplinary team meeting histopathology review and its impact on revised reports: Analysis of a national quality improvement program.

O'Connor, Eoghan / Treacy, Ann / Mitchell, Aine / Swan, Niall

American journal of clinical pathology

2024

Abstract: Objectives: We conducted the first Irish national study assessing the value of multidisciplinary team meeting review in pathology practice and its impact on error detection before treatment.: Methods: Public and private pathology laboratories across ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: We conducted the first Irish national study assessing the value of multidisciplinary team meeting review in pathology practice and its impact on error detection before treatment. Methods: Public and private pathology laboratories across Ireland capture their quality activities using standardized codes and submit their data to a centralized database (National Quality Assurance Intelligence System) overseen by the National Histopathology Quality Improvement (NHQI) program. A total of 1,437,746 histopathology and cytopathology cases submitted to the NHQI program over a 60-month period (January 2017 to December 2021) were included in this study. Cases were analyzed with respect to multidisciplinary team meeting peer review and the presence of a revised report (amended or corrected report), a surrogate marker for error detection before treatment. Results: Across all cases assessed, 13.74% (197,587) underwent multidisciplinary team meeting discussion. Cases discussed at review had a statistically significantly higher rate of revised reports (1.25% [2470]) than cases not discussed at review (0.16% [1959]) (Pearson χ2, 6619.26; P < .0001; odds ratio, 8.00 [95% CI, 7.54-8.49]). Overall, multidisciplinary team meeting review made it 8 times more likely to detect an error before treatment. Cancer resections had the highest rate of review at 55.29% (46,806), reflecting the prioritization of oncology case discussion at review meetings. Conclusions: The multidisciplinary team meeting review process plays a valuable role in pathology error detection. A pathologist's participation in the review process comes with a clinically significant workload that needs to be recognized for future workforce planning. This study highlighted the positive role pathologists play in enhancing patient safety.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2944-0
ISSN	1943-7722 ; 0002-9173
ISSN (online)	1943-7722
ISSN	0002-9173
DOI	10.1093/ajcp/aqad183
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Article: Exploring Safety Culture in the ICU of a Large Acute Teaching Hospital through Triangulating Different Data Sources.

Liston, Ellen / O'Connor, Enda / Ward, Marie E

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 11, Issue 23

Abstract: Safety Culture (SC) has become a key priority for safety improvement in healthcare. Studies have identified links between positive SC and improved patient outcomes. Mixed-method measurements of SC are needed to account for diverse social, cultural, and ... ...

Abstract	Safety Culture (SC) has become a key priority for safety improvement in healthcare. Studies have identified links between positive SC and improved patient outcomes. Mixed-method measurements of SC are needed to account for diverse social, cultural, and subcultural contexts within different healthcare settings. The aim of the study was to triangulate data on SC from three sources in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in a large acute teaching hospital. A mixed-methods approach was used, including analysing the Hospital Survey for Patient Safety Culture results, retrospective chart reviews using the Global Trigger Tool (GTT) for the ICU, and staff reporting of adverse events (AE). There was a 47% (101/216) response rate for the survey. Further, 98% of respondents stated a positive patient safety rating. The GTT identified 16 AEs and 11 AEs that were reported in the same timeframe. The triangulation of the data demonstrates the complexity of understanding components of SC in particular: learning, reporting, and just culture.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2721009-1
ISSN	2227-9032
ISSN	2227-9032
DOI	10.3390/healthcare11233095
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Article ; Online: Recommendation-making in the emergency department: A qualitative study of how Canadian emergency physicians guide treatment decisions about resuscitation in critically ill patients.

Ajzenberg, Henry / Dainty, Katie N / O'Connor, Erin

Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open

2023 Volume 4, Issue 3, Page(s) e12962

Abstract: Study objective: Emergency physicians are frequently responsible for making time-sensitive decisions around the provision of life-sustaining treatment. These decisions can involve goals of care or code status discussion, which will often substantially ... ...

Abstract	Study objective: Emergency physicians are frequently responsible for making time-sensitive decisions around the provision of life-sustaining treatment. These decisions can involve goals of care or code status discussion, which will often substantially alter a patient's care pathway. A central part of these conversations that has received relatively little attention are recommendations for care. By proposing a best course of action or treatment via a recommendation, a clinician can ensure that their patients receive care that is concordant with their values. The objective of this study is to explore emergency physicians' attitudes toward recommendations about resuscitation in critically ill patients in the emergency department (ED). Methods: We recruited Canadian emergency physicians via multiple recruitment strategies to ensure maximum variation sampling. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted until thematic saturation occurred. Participants were asked about their perspectives and experiences with respect to recommendation-making in critically ill patients and to identify areas for improvement in this process in the ED. We used a qualitative descriptive approach and thematic analysis to identify themes around recommendation-making in the ED for critically ill patients. Results: Sixteen emergency physicians agreed to participate. We identified four themes and multiple subthemes. Major themes included identification of the roles and responsibilities of the emergency physician (EP) with respect to making a recommendation, the logistics or process of making a recommendation, barriers to making a recommendation, and how to improve recommendation-making and goals of care conversations in the ED. Conclusion: Emergency physicians provided a range of perspectives on the role of recommendation-making in critically ill patients in the ED. Several barriers to the inclusion of a recommendation were identified and many physicians provided ideas on how to improve goals of care conversations, the recommendation-making process, and ensure that critically ill patients receive care that is concordant with their values.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2688-1152
ISSN (online)	2688-1152
DOI	10.1002/emp2.12962
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Article ; Online: How Do We Learn About Error? A Cross-Sectional Study of Urology Trainees.

Browne, Clíodhna / Crone, Lauren / O'Connor, Enda

Journal of surgical education

2023 Volume 80, Issue 6, Page(s) 864–872

Abstract: Objective: This qualitative descriptive study aims to explore trainees' experiences of error disclosure (ED) during their surgical postgraduate training and the factors influencing the intention-behavior gap for ED.: Design: This study employs an ... ...

Abstract	Objective: This qualitative descriptive study aims to explore trainees' experiences of error disclosure (ED) during their surgical postgraduate training and the factors influencing the intention-behavior gap for ED. Design: This study employs an interpretivist methodology and a qualitative descriptive research strategy. Data were collected using focus group interviews. Data coding was performed by the principal investigator using Braun and Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis. Themes were developed from the data in a deductive manner. Analysis was carried out using NVivo 12.6.1. Setting: All participants were at various stages of an 8-year specialist program under the auspices of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland. The training program involves clinical work in a teaching hospital under the supervision of senior doctors in their specialist field. Trainees attend mandatory communication skills training days throughout the program. Participants: Study participants were recruited using purposive sampling from a sampling frame of 25 urology trainees on a national training scheme. Eleven trainees participated in the study. Results: Participants' stage of training ranged from first to final year. Seven key themes emerged from the data relating to the trainees' experiences of error disclosure and the intention-behavior gap for ED. These themes include observed positive and negative practice in the workplace, impact of stage of training, importance of interpersonal interactions, perceived blame/responsibility for multifactorial error or recognized complication, lack of formal training in ED, cultural aspects of the training environment and medicolegal issues around ED. Conclusions: While trainees recognize the importance of ED, personal psychological factors, negative environmental culture, and medicolegal concerns are significant barriers to the practice of ED. A training environment that focuses on role-modelling and experiential learning with adequate time for reflection and debriefing is paramount. Areas for further research include broadening the scope of this study of ED across different medical and surgical subspecialties.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Urology ; Learning ; Qualitative Research ; Focus Groups ; Education, Medical, Graduate ; Clinical Competence
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2277538-9
ISSN	1878-7452 ; 1931-7204
ISSN (online)	1878-7452
ISSN	1931-7204
DOI	10.1016/j.jsurg.2023.03.007
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