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Article: Blood transfusion requirements after liver biopsy.

O'Brien, B D

Canadian journal of gastroenterology = Journal canadien de gastroenterologie

2000 Volume 14, Issue 10, Page(s) 901–902

Abstract: It is common practice to type and screen the blood before performing a percutaneous liver biopsy. Many practitioners think that this is unnecessary but do not have a reason to change their practice. The requirements for transfusion after biopsy were ... ...

Abstract	It is common practice to type and screen the blood before performing a percutaneous liver biopsy. Many practitioners think that this is unnecessary but do not have a reason to change their practice. The requirements for transfusion after biopsy were determined in a consecutive sample of cases at a tertiary care teaching hospital with the use of health record review and the anecdotal recall of gastroenterologists and others performing biopsies. One of 266 liver biopsies required a transfusion after biopsy over a two-year period. One other case of hemorrhage with a fatal outcome was recalled by several individuals. It is concluded that the incidence of significant hemorrhage after liver biopsy is low, and that it may not be necessary to type and screen the blood of low risk patients before biopsy.
MeSH term(s)	Biopsy ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching/statistics & numerical data ; Blood Transfusion ; Humans ; Liver/pathology ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2000-10-13
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639439-5
ISSN	1916-7237 ; 0835-7900
ISSN (online)	1916-7237
ISSN	0835-7900
DOI	10.1155/2000/951962
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Article: Estimation of hospital costs for colorectal cancer care in Nova Scotia.

O'Brien, B D / Brown, M G / Kephart, G

Canadian journal of gastroenterology = Journal canadien de gastroenterologie

2001 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 43–47

Abstract: Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common invasive cancer in Canada. Estimates of the costs of care allow estimation of the cost effectiveness of screening for premalignant and early disease.: Objective: To estimate, from ... ...

Abstract	Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common invasive cancer in Canada. Estimates of the costs of care allow estimation of the cost effectiveness of screening for premalignant and early disease. Objective: To estimate, from administrative data, the hospital costs incurred by a population-based cohort of CRC cases over three years from diagnosis. Design: All Nova Scotia residents with CRC who were diagnosed in 1990 were identified from the Nova Scotia Cancer Registry. These cases were linked to the administrative files of the Nova Scotia Department of Health, which contain information on diagnosis, procedures and length of stay for all admissions and day surgery visits to Nova Scotia hospitals. Measurements: The lengths of stay and hospital-specific per diem rates were used as the measures of resource use. The costs were analyzed in terms of the extent of spread at diagnosis; the time period after diagnosis; the time period before death; and, for typical cases, the age and presence of comorbidity identified during the initial surgical admission. Results: The estimated three-year hospital cost for the complete cohort of 593 cases was $9.8 million. This cost was significantly less for cases with local spread, highest in the six months around, and after diagnosis and in the final six months of life, and highest in the typical cases (patients who were older and had significant comorbid conditions). Conclusions: Hospital-specific per diem rates and lengths of stay are an approximate measure of hospital resource use.
MeSH term(s)	Colorectal Neoplasms/economics ; Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology ; Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery ; Comorbidity ; Hospital Costs ; Humans ; Length of Stay/economics ; Nova Scotia
Language	English
Publishing date	2001-01-16
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	639439-5
ISSN	1916-7237 ; 0835-7900
ISSN (online)	1916-7237
ISSN	0835-7900
DOI	10.1155/2001/975208
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Article: Uptake of cholesterol into rabbit jejunum using three in vitro techniques: importance of bile acid micelles and unstirred layer resistance.

Thomson, A B / O'Brien, B D

The American journal of physiology

1981 Volume 241, Issue 3, Page(s) G270–4

Abstract: The rate of uptake (Jd) of cholesterol into the intestine is influenced by the effective resistance of the unstirred water layer, the concentration of the probe molecule at the aqueous-membrane interface, and the passive permeability characteristics of ... ...

Abstract	The rate of uptake (Jd) of cholesterol into the intestine is influenced by the effective resistance of the unstirred water layer, the concentration of the probe molecule at the aqueous-membrane interface, and the passive permeability characteristics of the membrane. This study was undertaken to determine the influence of the bile acid micelle and the unstirred water layer on the Jd of cholesterol into rabbit jejunum, using everted sacs, full-thickness biopsies, and disks. When the bulk phase was stirred and the resistance of the unstirred layer was low, there was a linear relation between cholesterol concentration in the bulk phase and Jd when the concentration of taurodeoxycholic acid (TDC) was constant, but increasing TDC in the presence of a constant concentration of cholesterol was associated with a decline in Jd. When the concentration of both TDC and cholesterol was varied but the ratio of TDC to cholesterol was maintained constant, Jd increased slightly. The Jd of cholesterol was higher into sacs than into biopsies, which in turn was greater than into disks; Jd into disks was much lower when the resistance of the unstirred layer was high. These results suggest that 1) the bile acid micelle serves to provide a reservoir for partitioning of the cholesterol from the micelle into the aqueous phase from which the cholesterol is absorbed; 2) the Jd of cholesterol into disks of jejunum is influenced by the effective resistance of the unstirred water layer; and 3) although the quantity of cholesterol Jd varies markedly between sacs, biopsies, and disks, the qualitative aspects of the role of the bile acid micelle in cholesterol absorption were similar using the different in vitro techniques.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Colloids ; Deoxycholic Acid/analogs & derivatives ; Intestinal Absorption/drug effects ; Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Jejunum/drug effects ; Jejunum/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Micelles ; Rabbits ; Taurodeoxycholic Acid/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Colloids ; Micelles ; Deoxycholic Acid (005990WHZZ) ; Taurodeoxycholic Acid (516-50-7) ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J)
Language	English
Publishing date	1981-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2948-8
ISSN	0002-9513
ISSN	0002-9513
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Article: Uptake of a homologous series of saturated fatty acids into rabbit intestine using three in vitro techniques.

Thomsom, A B / O'Brien, B D

Digestive diseases and sciences

1980 Volume 25, Issue 3, Page(s) 209–215

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biopsy ; Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Female ; Ileum/metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Intestinal Absorption ; Jejunum/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Structure-Activity Relationship
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids
Language	English
Publishing date	1980-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	304250-9
ISSN	1573-2568 ; 0163-2116
ISSN (online)	1573-2568
ISSN	0163-2116
DOI	10.1007/bf01308141
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Article: Diagnostic leg scanning for deep venous thrombosis in the recently heparinized patient.

Mant, M J / O'Brien, B D / Russell, D B

Archives of internal medicine

1981 Volume 141, Issue 13, Page(s) 1757–1760

Abstract: Leg scanning with fibrinogen I 125, either alone on in combination with other procedures, has been proposed as an alternative to venography for diagnosis of deep venous thrombi. Clinical circumstances may necessitate anticoagulation before scanning can ... ...

Abstract	Leg scanning with fibrinogen I 125, either alone on in combination with other procedures, has been proposed as an alternative to venography for diagnosis of deep venous thrombi. Clinical circumstances may necessitate anticoagulation before scanning can be performed, which could alter its reliability. We have compared the results of scanning with venographic findings in heparinized patients with venous thromboembolism. Different criteria for an abnormal leg scan gave different sensitivities and specificities. During the first four days of scanning with a requirement for a persistently abnormal result, five of eight criteria had high specificity (greater than 92%). However, sensitivities did not exceed 55%. With the use of transiently abnormal results and six days of scanning, higher sensitivities were obtained but specificities were reduced. No criterion gave results considered acceptable for a diagnostic test for deep venous thrombosis. Leg scanning should therefore not be used for this purpose in patients who have received anticoagulants. Our results also suggest that duration of symptoms has little effect on the sensitivity of leg scanning and that the test is more reliable for establishing the presence of thrombus than at defining its location.
MeSH term(s)	Clinical Trials as Topic ; Fibrinogen ; Heparin/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; Leg/blood supply ; Leg/diagnostic imaging ; Phlebography ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Random Allocation ; Thrombophlebitis/diagnostic imaging ; Thrombophlebitis/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Iodine Radioisotopes ; Fibrinogen (9001-32-5) ; Heparin (9005-49-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	1981-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	211575-x
ISSN	1538-3679 ; 0003-9926 ; 0888-2479 ; 0730-188X
ISSN (online)	1538-3679
ISSN	0003-9926 ; 0888-2479 ; 0730-188X
DOI	10.1001/archinte.141.13.1757
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Article: HLA and peptic ulcer.

O'Brien, B D / Thomson, A B / Dossetor, J B

Digestive diseases and sciences

1979 Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) 314–315

MeSH term(s)	Duodenal Ulcer/immunology ; Female ; Genotype ; HLA Antigens/genetics ; HLA Antigens/immunology ; Humans ; Male ; Peptic Ulcer/immunology
Chemical Substances	HLA Antigens
Language	English
Publishing date	1979-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	304250-9
ISSN	1573-2568 ; 0163-2116
ISSN (online)	1573-2568
ISSN	0163-2116
DOI	10.1007/bf01296547
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Article: Intestinal uptake of fatty acids and cholesterol in four animals species and man: role of unstirred water layer and bile salt micelle.

Thomson, A B / Hotke, C A / O'Brien, B D / Weinstein, W M

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. A, Comparative physiology

1983 Volume 75, Issue 2, Page(s) 221–232

Abstract: The uptake (Jd) of fatty acids (FA), fatty alcohols (Alc) and cholesterol (C) into the jejunum of rats (R, Rattus norvegicus), rabbits (RAB, Oryctolagus cuniculus), guinea pigs (GB, Cavia porcellus), and hamsters (H, Mesocricetus auratus) was assessed in ...

Abstract	The uptake (Jd) of fatty acids (FA), fatty alcohols (Alc) and cholesterol (C) into the jejunum of rats (R, Rattus norvegicus), rabbits (RAB, Oryctolagus cuniculus), guinea pigs (GB, Cavia porcellus), and hamsters (H, Mesocricetus auratus) was assessed in vitro. Using jejunal discs the Jd of Alc was H greater than R = GP greater than RAB, the Jd of FA was H-RAB greater than R greater than GP, but the Jd of C was R greater than H greater than RAB greater than GP. The Jd of FA was quantitatively and qualitatively different when using jejunal biopsies; in man the Jd of FA into biopsies was greater than in the other animal species, but there was no difference in Jd of FA into normal human jejunal biopsies and those showing severe abnormalities in villus architecture. There are marked species differences in the passive permeability properties of the jejunum and in the effective resistance of the overlying unstirred water layer, but these differences do not explain the species variations in the uptake of cholesterol.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Bile Acids and Salts/physiology ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Cell Membrane Permeability ; Cholesterol/metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Fatty Alcohols/metabolism ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Jejunum/metabolism ; Lipid Bilayers ; Male ; Mesocricetus ; Micelles ; Middle Aged ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Species Specificity ; Water
Chemical Substances	Bile Acids and Salts ; Fatty Acids ; Fatty Alcohols ; Lipid Bilayers ; Micelles ; Water (059QF0KO0R) ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J)
Language	English
Publishing date	1983
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	121246-1
ISSN	1531-4332 ; 0300-9629 ; 1095-6433
ISSN (online)	1531-4332
ISSN	0300-9629 ; 1095-6433
DOI	10.1016/0300-9629(83)90074-9
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Article: Idiopathic colitis associated with scrotal cellulitis.

O'Brien, B D / Thomson, A B / Tyrrell, D L / Jewell, L D

The Journal of pediatrics

1979 Volume 94, Issue 3, Page(s) 421–423

MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Cellulitis/etiology ; Colitis/complications ; Colitis/etiology ; Genital Diseases, Male/etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Scrotum
Language	English
Publishing date	1979-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3102-1
ISSN	1097-6833 ; 0022-3476
ISSN (online)	1097-6833
ISSN	0022-3476
DOI	10.1016/s0022-3476(79)80589-2
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Article: Haemorrhagic complications of heparin therapy.

Mant, M J / O'Brien, B D / Thong, K L / Hammond, G W / Birtwhistle, R V / Grace, M G

Lancet (London, England)

1977 Volume 1, Issue 8022, Page(s) 1133–1135

Abstract: In a prospective trial 76 patients with venous thromboembolism have received intermittent constant-dosage heparin or continuously infused heparin with laboratory control. Frequencies of bleeding were similar in both groups. 32% of all patients bled, 13% ... ...

Abstract	In a prospective trial 76 patients with venous thromboembolism have received intermittent constant-dosage heparin or continuously infused heparin with laboratory control. Frequencies of bleeding were similar in both groups. 32% of all patients bled, 13% severely. Retroperitoneal haemorrhage occurred in 5 patients. Major spontaneous bleeding was commoner in older patients and minor spontaneous bleeding in women. Bleeding was uncommon during the first 2 days of treatment, and its daily frequency was relatively constant thereafter. 21% of surgical wounds and 7% of arterial and venous puncture sites bled. These preliminary results illustrate the hazards of heparin therapy and suggest that bleeding complications are more closely related to duration of therapy, age, sex, and surgical trauma than to method of administration.
MeSH term(s)	Age Factors ; Aged ; Animals ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Female ; Hemorrhage/chemically induced ; Hemorrhage/epidemiology ; Heparin/administration & dosage ; Heparin/adverse effects ; Heparin/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infusions, Parenteral ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Postoperative Complications/chemically induced ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; Retroperitoneal Space ; Sex Ratio ; Swine ; Thromboembolism/drug therapy ; Thrombophlebitis/drug therapy ; Time Factors
Chemical Substances	Heparin (9005-49-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	1977-05-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	3306-6
ISSN	1474-547X ; 0140-6736 ; 0023-7507
ISSN (online)	1474-547X
ISSN	0140-6736 ; 0023-7507
DOI	10.1016/s0140-6736(77)92388-1
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Article: Pathophysiologic and ultrastructural basis for intestinal symptoms in Fabry's disease.

O'Brien, B D / Shnitka, T K / McDougall, R / Walker, K / Costopoulos, L / Lentle, B / Anholt, L / Freeman, H / Thomson, A B

Gastroenterology

1982 Volume 82, Issue 5 Pt 1, Page(s) 957–962

Abstract: Fabry's disease is a rare, sex-linked disorder of glycolipid metabolism. We describe a patient with watery diarrhea, early satiety, and asymptomatic cholelithiasis. The jejunal aspirate demonstrated bacterial overgrowth; sigmoidoscopy showed rectal ... ...

Abstract	Fabry's disease is a rare, sex-linked disorder of glycolipid metabolism. We describe a patient with watery diarrhea, early satiety, and asymptomatic cholelithiasis. The jejunal aspirate demonstrated bacterial overgrowth; sigmoidoscopy showed rectal angiokeratoma corpora diffusum. The gastric emptying rate measured with 99mTc-sulfur colloid was markedly prolonged and the fasting gastrin was elevated at 276 pg/ml. The (14C)glycocholate breath test demonstrated a markedly elevated peak at 4 h, associated with an increased fecal bile acid loss of 0.82 g/day. Oral cholecystogram showed a solitary radiolucent stone in a functioning gallbladder. The bile acid pool size and lithogenic index were normal. Light microscopy of small bowel and rectal biopsy specimens revealed normal surface epithelium, but enlarged and vacuolated ganglion cells in Meissner's plexus. Electron microscopy showed laminated and amorphous osmiophilic deposits within ganglion cells of the submucosal plexus, within smooth muscle cells of the muscularis mucosae, and within endothelial cells lining arterioles, venules, and capillaries, but not in autonomic nerve fibers or enterocytes. The diarrhea and early satiety responded promptly to metoclopramide and to tetracycline. The early satiety was likely on the basis of delayed gastric emptying due to deposition of sphingolipid within ganglion cells of the autonomic nervous system; the diarrhea was likely on the basis of intestinal stasis with bacterial overgrowth and bile salt wastage.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Bile/analysis ; Biopsy ; Cholelithiasis/etiology ; Diarrhea/drug therapy ; Diarrhea/etiology ; Fabry Disease/complications ; Fabry Disease/physiopathology ; Fabry Disease/ultrastructure ; Gastric Emptying ; Humans ; Jejunum/microbiology ; Male ; Metoclopramide/therapeutic use ; Rectum/pathology ; Satiation ; Tetracycline/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Tetracycline (F8VB5M810T) ; Metoclopramide (L4YEB44I46)
Language	English
Publishing date	1982-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80112-4
ISSN	1528-0012 ; 0016-5085
ISSN (online)	1528-0012
ISSN	0016-5085
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