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  1. Article ; Online: OSIPI: A Significant Step Towards Reproducible MR Biomarkers.

    Waterton, John C / O'Connor, James P B

    Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI

    2024  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1146614-5
    ISSN 1522-2586 ; 1053-1807
    ISSN (online) 1522-2586
    ISSN 1053-1807
    DOI 10.1002/jmri.29414
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  2. Article: Imaging hypoxia in endometrial cancer: How and why should it be done?

    deSouza, Nandita M / Choudhury, Ananya / Greaves, Mel / O'Connor, James P B / Hoskin, Peter J

    Frontiers in oncology

    2022  Volume 12, Page(s) 1020907

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2649216-7
    ISSN 2234-943X
    ISSN 2234-943X
    DOI 10.3389/fonc.2022.1020907
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  3. Article ; Online: Independent component analysis (ICA) applied to dynamic oxygen-enhanced MRI (OE-MRI) for robust functional lung imaging at 3 T.

    Needleman, Sarah H / Kim, Mina / McClelland, Jamie R / Naish, Josephine H / Tibiletti, Marta / O'Connor, James P B / Parker, Geoff J M

    Magnetic resonance in medicine

    2023  Volume 91, Issue 3, Page(s) 955–971

    Abstract: Purpose: Dynamic lung oxygen-enhanced MRI (OE-MRI) is challenging due to the presence of confounding signals and poor signal-to-noise ratio, particularly at 3 T. We have created a robust pipeline utilizing independent component analysis (ICA) to ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Dynamic lung oxygen-enhanced MRI (OE-MRI) is challenging due to the presence of confounding signals and poor signal-to-noise ratio, particularly at 3 T. We have created a robust pipeline utilizing independent component analysis (ICA) to automatically extract the oxygen-induced signal change from confounding factors to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of lung OE-MRI.
    Methods: Dynamic OE-MRI was performed on healthy participants using a dual-echo multi-slice spoiled gradient echo sequence at 3 T and cyclical gas delivery. ICA was applied to each echo within a thoracic mask. The ICA component relating to the oxygen-enhancement signal was automatically identified using correlation analysis. The oxygen-enhancement component was reconstructed, and the percentage signal enhancement (PSE) was calculated. The lung PSE of current smokers was compared with nonsmokers; scan-rescan repeatability, ICA pipeline repeatability, and reproducibility between two vendors were assessed.
    Results: ICA successfully extracted a consistent oxygen-enhancement component for all participants. Lung tissue and oxygenated blood displayed the opposite oxygen-induced signal enhancements. A significant difference in PSE was observed between the lungs of current smokers and nonsmokers. The scan-rescan repeatability and the ICA pipeline repeatability were good.
    Conclusion: The developed pipeline demonstrated sensitivity to the signal enhancements of the lung tissue and oxygenated blood at 3 T. The difference in lung PSE between current smokers and nonsmokers indicates a likely sensitivity to lung function alterations that may be seen in mild pathology, supporting future use of our methods in patient studies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Oxygen ; Reproducibility of Results ; Lung/diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605774-3
    ISSN 1522-2594 ; 0740-3194
    ISSN (online) 1522-2594
    ISSN 0740-3194
    DOI 10.1002/mrm.29912
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  4. Article ; Online: Feasibility of dynamic T

    Kim, Mina / Naish, Josephine H / Needleman, Sarah H / Tibiletti, Marta / Taylor, Yohn / O'Connor, James P B / Parker, Geoff J M

    Magnetic resonance in medicine

    2023  Volume 91, Issue 3, Page(s) 972–986

    Abstract: Purpose: To demonstrate proof-of-concept of a T: Methods: We performed sequence-specific simulations for protocol optimisation and acquired free-breathing OE-MRI data from 16 healthy subjects using a dual-echo RF-spoiled gradient echo approach at 3T ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To demonstrate proof-of-concept of a T
    Methods: We performed sequence-specific simulations for protocol optimisation and acquired free-breathing OE-MRI data from 16 healthy subjects using a dual-echo RF-spoiled gradient echo approach at 3T across two institutions. Non-linear registration and tissue density correction were applied. Derived metrics included percent signal enhancement (PSE), ∆R
    Results: Simulations and experimental data show negative contrast upon oxygen inhalation, due to substantial dominance of ∆R
    Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the feasibility of a T
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Oxygen ; Reproducibility of Results ; Feasibility Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Lung/diagnostic imaging
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605774-3
    ISSN 1522-2594 ; 0740-3194
    ISSN (online) 1522-2594
    ISSN 0740-3194
    DOI 10.1002/mrm.29914
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  5. Article ; Online: Cancer heterogeneity and imaging.

    O'Connor, James P B

    Seminars in cell & developmental biology

    2016  Volume 64, Page(s) 48–57

    Abstract: There is interest in identifying and quantifying tumor heterogeneity at the genomic, tissue pathology and clinical imaging scales, as this may help better understand tumor biology and may yield useful biomarkers for guiding therapy-based decision making. ...

    Abstract There is interest in identifying and quantifying tumor heterogeneity at the genomic, tissue pathology and clinical imaging scales, as this may help better understand tumor biology and may yield useful biomarkers for guiding therapy-based decision making. This review focuses on the role and value of using x-ray, CT, MRI and PET based imaging methods that identify, measure and map tumor heterogeneity. In particular we highlight the potential value of these techniques and the key challenges required to validate and qualify these biomarkers for clinical use.
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Diagnostic Imaging/methods ; Genetic Heterogeneity ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Neoplasms/genetics
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-10-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1312473-0
    ISSN 1096-3634 ; 1084-9521
    ISSN (online) 1096-3634
    ISSN 1084-9521
    DOI 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.10.001
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    Zs.A 2918: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Impact of hypoxia on cervical cancer outcomes.

    Datta, Anubhav / West, Catharine / O'Connor, James P B / Choudhury, Ananya / Hoskin, Peter

    International journal of gynecological cancer : official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society

    2021  Volume 31, Issue 11, Page(s) 1459–1470

    Abstract: The annual global incidence of cervical cancer is approximately 604 000 cases/342 000 deaths, making it the fourth most common cancer in women. Cervical cancer is a major healthcare problem in low and middle income countries where 85% of new cases and ... ...

    Abstract The annual global incidence of cervical cancer is approximately 604 000 cases/342 000 deaths, making it the fourth most common cancer in women. Cervical cancer is a major healthcare problem in low and middle income countries where 85% of new cases and deaths occur. Secondary prevention measures have reduced incidence and mortality in developed countries over the past 30 years, but cervical cancer remains a major cause of cancer deaths in women. For women who present with Fédération Internationale de Gynécologie et d'Obstétrique (FIGO 2018) stages IB3 or upwards, chemoradiation is the established treatment. Despite high rates of local control, overall survival is less than 50%, largely due to distant relapse. Reducing the health burden of cervical cancer requires greater individualization of treatment, identifying those at risk of relapse and progression for modified or intensified treatment. Hypoxia is a well known feature of solid tumors and an established therapeutic target. Low tumorous oxygenation increases the risk of local invasion, metastasis and treatment failure. While meta-analyses show benefit, many individual trials targeting hypoxia failed in part due to not selecting patients most likely to benefit. This review summarizes the available hypoxia-targeted strategies and identifies further research and new treatment paradigms needed to improve patient outcomes. The applications and limitations of hypoxia biomarkers for treatment selection and response monitoring are discussed. Finally, areas of greatest unmet clinical need are identified to measure and target hypoxia and therefore improve cervical cancer outcomes.
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers/analysis ; Chemoradiotherapy/methods ; Female ; Global Health ; Humans ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Tumor Hypoxia/drug effects ; Tumor Hypoxia/physiology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/mortality ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/therapy
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1070385-8
    ISSN 1525-1438 ; 1048-891X
    ISSN (online) 1525-1438
    ISSN 1048-891X
    DOI 10.1136/ijgc-2021-002806
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    Zs.A 3198: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: In Reply to Chowdhry et al.

    Fornacon-Wood, Isabella / Mistry, Hitesh / Price, Gareth J / Faivre-Finn, Corinne / O'Connor, James P B

    International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

    2022  Volume 115, Issue 1, Page(s) 250–251

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 197614-x
    ISSN 1879-355X ; 0360-3016
    ISSN (online) 1879-355X
    ISSN 0360-3016
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.08.048
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  8. Article ; Online: Understanding the Differences Between Bayesian and Frequentist Statistics.

    Fornacon-Wood, Isabella / Mistry, Hitesh / Johnson-Hart, Corinne / Faivre-Finn, Corinne / O'Connor, James P B / Price, Gareth J

    International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

    2022  Volume 112, Issue 5, Page(s) 1076–1082

    MeSH term(s) Bayes Theorem ; Humans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 197614-x
    ISSN 1879-355X ; 0360-3016
    ISSN (online) 1879-355X
    ISSN 0360-3016
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.12.011
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  9. Article ; Online: Bayesian methods provide a practical real-world evidence framework for evaluating the impact of changes in radiotherapy.

    Fornacon-Wood, Isabella / Mistry, Hitesh / Johnson-Hart, Corinne / Faivre-Finn, Corinne / O'Connor, James P B / Price, Gareth J

    Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology

    2022  Volume 176, Page(s) 53–58

    Abstract: Purpose: Retrospective studies have identified a link between the average set-up error of lung cancer patients treated with image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) and survival. The IGRT protocol was subsequently changed to reduce the action threshold. In this ...

    Abstract Purpose: Retrospective studies have identified a link between the average set-up error of lung cancer patients treated with image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) and survival. The IGRT protocol was subsequently changed to reduce the action threshold. In this study, we use a Bayesian approach to evaluate the clinical impact of this change to practice using routine 'real-world' patient data.
    Methods and materials: Two cohorts of NSCLC patients treated with IGRT were compared: pre-protocol change (N = 780, 5 mm action threshold) and post-protocol change (N = 411, 2 mm action threshold). Survival models were fitted to each cohort and changes in the hazard ratios (HR) associated with residual set-up errors was assessed. The influence of using an uninformative and a skeptical prior in the model was investigated.
    Results: Following the reduction of the action threshold, the HR for residual set-up error towards the heart was reduced by up to 10%. Median patient survival increased for patients with set-up errors towards the heart, and remained similar for patients with set-up errors away from the heart. Depending on the prior used, a residual hazard ratio may remain.
    Conclusions: Our analysis found a reduced hazard of death and increased survival for patients with residual set-up errors towards versus away from the heart post-protocol change. This study demonstrates the value of a Bayesian approach in the assessment of technical changes in radiotherapy practice and supports the consideration of adopting this approach in further prospective evaluations of changes to clinical practice.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Bayes Theorem ; Retrospective Studies ; Radiotherapy, Image-Guided/methods ; Radiotherapy Setup Errors ; Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-20
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605646-5
    ISSN 1879-0887 ; 0167-8140
    ISSN (online) 1879-0887
    ISSN 0167-8140
    DOI 10.1016/j.radonc.2022.09.009
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    Zs.A 1926: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Imaging tumour hypoxia with oxygen-enhanced MRI and BOLD MRI.

    O'Connor, James P B / Robinson, Simon P / Waterton, John C

    The British journal of radiology

    2019  Volume 92, Issue 1095, Page(s) 20180642

    Abstract: Hypoxia is known to be a poor prognostic indicator for nearly all solid tumours and also is predictive of treatment failure for radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery and targeted therapies. Imaging has potential to identify, spatially map and quantify ... ...

    Abstract Hypoxia is known to be a poor prognostic indicator for nearly all solid tumours and also is predictive of treatment failure for radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery and targeted therapies. Imaging has potential to identify, spatially map and quantify tumour hypoxia prior to therapy, as well as track changes in hypoxia on treatment. At present no hypoxia imaging methods are available for routine clinical use. Research has largely focused on positron emission tomography (PET)-based techniques, but there is gathering evidence that MRI techniques may provide a practical and more readily translational alternative. In this review we focus on the potential for imaging hypoxia by measuring changes in longitudinal relaxation [R
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers/metabolism ; Contrast Media ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Oxygen/administration & dosage ; Tumor Hypoxia
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Contrast Media ; Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2982-8
    ISSN 1748-880X ; 0007-1285
    ISSN (online) 1748-880X
    ISSN 0007-1285
    DOI 10.1259/bjr.20180642
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