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Article ; Online: Mental Health Care for Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences and Challenges.

Choi, Heeseung / Oh, Hyunsung

2022 Volume 52, Issue 4, Page(s) 359–362

MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; COVID-19 ; Child ; Humans ; Mental Disorders ; Mental Health ; Pandemics
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-18
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2619665-7
ISSN	2093-758X ; 2093-758X
ISSN (online)	2093-758X
ISSN	2093-758X
DOI	10.4040/jkan.22094
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Article ; Online: Gender and stress-buffering of social capital toward depression among precarious workers in South Korea.

Oh, Hyunsung / Park, Soo Kyung

Work (Reading, Mass.)

2020 Volume 66, Issue 1, Page(s) 53–62

Abstract: Background: Precarious work is featured with disadvantaged job conditions such as to employment contract, job description, and occupational environment, and has been recognized as an emerging social risk for mental health. Social capital deserves ... ...

Abstract	Background: Precarious work is featured with disadvantaged job conditions such as to employment contract, job description, and occupational environment, and has been recognized as an emerging social risk for mental health. Social capital deserves further attention, believed to buffer stress produced by precarious employment. Yet, recent evidence suggests that the mental health benefits of social capital vary by gender, as gender norms that oblige women to assume a caregiving burden may nullify the benefits of a richer social capital. Objective: Our study focused on two types of social capital, bonding and bridging, testing their stress-buffering effects, as focusing on the posited gender-moderated effects of social capital. Methods: We analyzed 333 precarious workers in South Korea. Chi-square tests and t-tests are used to compare socio-demographic factors, depressive symptoms, and daily stressors by gender. Multiple regression analyses were used to test significance of an interaction term between daily stress and sub-domains of social capital by gender. Results: Male workers with higher bonding and higher bridging social capital reported lower depressive symptoms. Yet, female workers gained no direct benefit from higher bonding social capital and those with higher bridging social capital reported even higher depressive symptoms when their daily stress was lower. Conclusions: Our findings support the notion that social capital is not universally beneficial and female precarious workers lacking resources seem to suffer despite increased social participation.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Depression/epidemiology ; Depression/psychology ; Employment/psychology ; Employment/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Republic of Korea ; Sex Factors ; Social Capital ; Stress, Psychological/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1394194-x
ISSN	1875-9270 ; 1051-9815
ISSN (online)	1875-9270
ISSN	1051-9815
DOI	10.3233/WOR-203150
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Article ; Online: Social Networks and Chronic Illness Management among Low-Income Tenants in Publicly Subsidized Housing: Findings from a Pilot Study.

Oh, Hyunsung / Um, Mee Young / Garbe, Renee

Social work in public health

2021 Volume 36, Issue 3, Page(s) 405–418

Abstract: Low-income tenants in publicly subsidized housing (PSH) have higher rates of chronic illnesses than non-PSH-based residents, making the implementation of chronic illness management (CIM) essential. Based on the person-in-environment framework used in ... ...

Abstract	Low-income tenants in publicly subsidized housing (PSH) have higher rates of chronic illnesses than non-PSH-based residents, making the implementation of chronic illness management (CIM) essential. Based on the person-in-environment framework used in social work practice, which emphasizes the importance of interactions between clients and their social environment, this pilot study used personal network analysis (PNA), a variant of social network analysis, to explore what attributes of social networks are relevant to CIM among 26 low-income tenants independently living in a PSH in the Southwest United States. Tenants with a smaller network size and effective size presented better self-efficacy to manage chronic disease (SEMCD) and lower levels of depressive symptoms. Being connected to a higher proportion of alters (i.e., network members) with whom they discussed health matters was also associated with high SEMCD. As for CIM implementation, being connected to a doctor and a lower proportion of alters who have chronic illnesses were associated with doing aerobic exercise. Tenants with a larger proportion of alters serving multiple functions reported more frequent vegetable and fruit consumption, while those with a higher share of kin alters and lower share of alters living in the same PSH reported less frequent high-fat food consumption. Our findings help social workers discover relevant social networks and dynamics that low-income tenants at PSH capitalize to locate resources for CIM. Further studies are recommended to adopt PNA to expand practice-related knowledge that social workers can use for health promotion among low-income tenants with chronic illness.
MeSH term(s)	Chronic Disease ; Housing ; Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Poverty ; Public Housing ; Social Networking
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2414992-5
ISSN	1937-190X ; 1937-1918
ISSN (online)	1937-190X
ISSN	1937-1918
DOI	10.1080/19371918.2021.1900012
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Article ; Online: Perceptions of Health Insurance Among Self-employed Korean Immigrants From South Korea in the United States.

Jeong, Chung Hyeon / Oh, Hyunsung / Palinkas, Lawrence A / Lusenhop, Will

Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education

2022 Volume 51, Issue 1, Page(s) 167–175

Abstract: Korean Americans in the United States are more likely than other Asian ethnic groups to lack health insurance despite their high education and economic prosperity. According to the model of health service selection, immigrants' perceptions of the health ... ...

Abstract	Korean Americans in the United States are more likely than other Asian ethnic groups to lack health insurance despite their high education and economic prosperity. According to the model of health service selection, immigrants' perceptions of the health care system and health care behaviors in their host country are affected by sociocultural referents including premigration health care experience in the country of origin. This study explored Korean immigrants' perceptions of health insurance and their intentions to purchase and maintain health insurance in the United States. We conducted in-depth interviews with 24 self-employed Korean immigrants who migrated from South Korea and were living in the Greater Los Angeles area in 2015. Participants generally had negative perceptions of U.S. health insurance in terms of cost, benefits, simplicity, and accessibility. Coupled with their positive experiences with the single-payer, universal health insurance in South Korea, respondents evaluated U.S. health insurance as not worth purchasing, and indicated they would not maintain health insurance once the individual mandate of the Affordable Care Act was abolished. On the contrary, respondents who immigrated prior to the establishment of the Korean universal health insurance in South Korea were relatively satisfied with U.S. health insurance and had maintained health insurance for substantial periods of time. Korean immigrants' premigration health care experiences appeared to influence their decisions to purchase health insurance in the United States and their intention to maintain health insurance. The study findings highlight the necessity of tailored health education that takes into account sociocultural determinants of health coverage among immigrants.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States ; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ; Insurance, Health ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Delivery of Health Care ; Republic of Korea
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1362906-2
ISSN	1552-6127 ; 1090-1981
ISSN (online)	1552-6127
ISSN	1090-1981
DOI	10.1177/10901981221139169
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Article ; Online: Impact of statutory revisions to family-petitioned civil commitment in South Korea.

Oh, Hyunsung / Cho, Yunhwa / Bae, Jinyeong / Holley, Lynn C / Shafer, Michael / Kim, Kyejung / Lee, Yongpyo

International journal of law and psychiatry

2024 Volume 94, Page(s) 101982

Abstract: Introduction: This study examined the impact of statutory revisions in 2016 which aimed to enhance procedural justice within the process of civil commitment for persons diagnosed with mental illnesses (PDMI) in South Korea. These changes included ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: This study examined the impact of statutory revisions in 2016 which aimed to enhance procedural justice within the process of civil commitment for persons diagnosed with mental illnesses (PDMI) in South Korea. These changes included requiring that PDMI pose a threat of danger to self or others and the need for treatment simultaneously as criteria for petitioning civil commitment. Additionally, the revision established a public entity to oversee the legitimacy of petitions to involuntarily commit PDMI to inpatient treatment. Despite these statutory changes, families providing care for PDMI still appear to depend on civil commitment as a way to seek respite from care burden, not necessarily to respond to psychiatric emergencies involving dangerousness. This practice seems to be aided by processes within the public entity providing oversight. Due to such barriers we hypothesized that, even after the statutory revision in 2016, PDMI who had been civilly committed following petitions from families will not exhibit elevated dangerousness compared to PDMI who had never been hospitalized during the same period. Methods: Trained interviewers recruited 331 participants self-identified as PDMI from psychiatric rehabilitation agencies in the community and aided them in completing a survey including measures of self-reported hospitalization history, suicidality, and aggression toward others. Participants were classified into four groups: Family-petition committed (FPC) group (n = 30, 9.1%), voluntarily hospitalized (VH) group (n = 34, 10.3%), public-petition committed (PPC) group (n = 31, 9.4%), and never hospitalized (NH) group (n = 236, 71.3%). We conducted logistic regression analyses to compare self-reported dangerousness between groups with the NH group as the reference group. Results: In the past 12 months, 43.5% of PDMI participants had self-reported behaviors that may have met the dangerousness criteria for civil commitment. Controlling for confounding factors, the PPC group was 2.96 times and 3.02 times as likely to report suicidal ideation and physical aggression, respectively, compared to the NH group. However, as hypothesized, the FPC group did not differ from the NH group on any indicator of self-reported dangerousness. Conclusion: The findings were based on cross-sectional correlational data and should not be viewed as conclusive evidence that the 2016 statutory revision is ineffective in preventing family-petitioned civil commitment in cases where dangerousness is not apparent. Nevertheless, these findings encourage further empirical studies that illuminate the etiology of procedural justice in civil commitments petitioned by family members and that assess factors and contexts that promote the consideration of least coercive treatments, rather than resorting to involuntary hospitalization when psychiatric emergencies arise.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-10
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	304429-4
ISSN	1873-6386 ; 0160-2527
ISSN (online)	1873-6386
ISSN	0160-2527
DOI	10.1016/j.ijlp.2024.101982
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Article ; Online: Patterns and Predictors of Sustained Training and Technical Assistance Engagement Among Addiction Treatment and Affiliated Providers.

Shafer, Michael S / Oh, Hyunsung / Sturtevant, Hanna / Freese, Thomas / Rutkowski, Beth

The journal of behavioral health services & research

2023 Volume 51, Issue 2, Page(s) 264–274

Abstract: The current study draws upon data collected over a 4-year period by a regional addiction technology transfer center (ATTC) to better understand the learning patterns and methods of learning engagement among behavioral health professionals. Training ... ...

Abstract	The current study draws upon data collected over a 4-year period by a regional addiction technology transfer center (ATTC) to better understand the learning patterns and methods of learning engagement among behavioral health professionals. Training participants were found to be predominately female and ethnically diverse, evenly split on attaining a graduate degree, with a third of the participants possessing less than a 4-year college degree. More than one-half reported working in non-health/non-behavioral healthcare settings. Individuals who attended more ATTC events were found to possess less than a master's degree, work in non-behavioral health settings, and identify as Hispanic or other races. In addition, individuals who initially accessed training through an ATTC conference or online asynchronous learning events were found to become engaged learners.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Health Personnel ; Educational Status ; Psychiatry
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1419909-9
ISSN	1556-3308 ; 1094-3412
ISSN (online)	1556-3308
ISSN	1094-3412
DOI	10.1007/s11414-023-09854-3
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Article ; Online: Health Behavior and Attitudes During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Vulnerable and Underserved Latinx in the Southwest USA.

Oh, Hyunsung / Marsiglia, Flavio F / Pepin, Susan / Ayers, Stephanie / Wu, Shiyou

Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research

2023 Volume 25, Issue 2, Page(s) 279–290

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted deep-rooted health disparities, particularly among Latinx immigrants living on the Mexico-US border. This article investigates differences between populations and adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures. This study ... ...

Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted deep-rooted health disparities, particularly among Latinx immigrants living on the Mexico-US border. This article investigates differences between populations and adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures. This study investigated whether there are differences between Latinx recent immigrants, non-Latinx Whites, and English-speaking Latinx in their attitudes and adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures. Data came from 302 participants who received a free COVID-19 test at one of the project sites between March and July 2021. Participants lived in communities with poorer access to COVID-19 testing. Choosing to complete the baseline survey in Spanish was a proxy for being a recent immigrant. Survey measures included the PhenX Toolkit, COVID-19 mitigating behaviors, attitudes toward COVID-19 risk behaviors and mask wearing, and economic challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. With multiple imputation, ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was used to analyze between-group differences in mitigating attitudes and behaviors toward COVID-19 risk. Adjusted OLS regression analyses showed that Latinx surveyed in Spanish perceived COVID-19 risk behaviors as more unsafe (b = 0.38, p = .001) and had stronger positive attitudes toward mask wearing (b = 0.58, p = .016), as compared to non-Latinx Whites. No significant differences emerged between Latinx surveyed in English and non-Latinx Whites (p > .05). Despite facing major structural, economic, and systemic disadvantages, recent Latinx immigrants showed more positive attitudes toward public health COVID-19 mitigating measures than other groups. The findings have implications for future prevention research about community resilience, practice, and policy.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 Testing ; Pandemics ; COVID-19 ; Health Behavior ; Hispanic or Latino
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2251270-6
ISSN	1573-6695 ; 1389-4986
ISSN (online)	1573-6695
ISSN	1389-4986
DOI	10.1007/s11121-023-01512-6
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Article ; Online: Associations Between Changes in Depressive Symptoms and Social Support and Diabetes Management Among Low-Income, Predominantly Hispanic Patients in Patient-Centered Care.

Oh, Hyunsung / Ell, Kathleen

Diabetes care

2018 Volume 41, Issue 6, Page(s) 1149–1156

Abstract: Objective: This study examined whether changes in depressive symptoms and social support prospectively predicted diabetes management among Hispanic patients with probable depression in patient-centered medical homes at safety-net clinics in East Los ... ...

Abstract	Objective: This study examined whether changes in depressive symptoms and social support prospectively predicted diabetes management among Hispanic patients with probable depression in patient-centered medical homes at safety-net clinics in East Los Angeles, CA. Research design and methods: Data were collected from 251 patients enrolled in a randomized clinical trial testing the effectiveness of a self-management intervention assisted by a promotora (Hispanic community health worker). Cross-lagged analyses examined associations between changes in depression symptoms and social support between baseline and 6-month follow-up and self-efficacy and adherence to diabetes management at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Results: Changes in depressive symptoms predicted self-efficacy and level of adherence at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Changes in total social support and emotional social support were correlated only with self-efficacy regarding diabetes management at 6-month follow-up. Conclusions: Decline in depressive symptoms is a reliable predictor of improvement in self-efficacy and adherence to diabetes management. Further studies are recommended to study psychosocial mechanisms related to social relationships other than social support that affect diabetes management.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Community Networks/economics ; Community Networks/organization & administration ; Community Networks/statistics & numerical data ; Depression/economics ; Depression/epidemiology ; Depression/ethnology ; Diabetes Mellitus/economics ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus/psychology ; Diabetes Mellitus/therapy ; Female ; Hispanic Americans/psychology ; Hispanic Americans/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Los Angeles/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient-Centered Care/economics ; Patient-Centered Care/standards ; Patient-Centered Care/statistics & numerical data ; Poverty/statistics & numerical data ; Self Care/economics ; Self Care/methods ; Self Care/psychology ; Self Care/statistics & numerical data ; Self Efficacy ; Social Support
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	441231-x
ISSN	1935-5548 ; 0149-5992
ISSN (online)	1935-5548
ISSN	0149-5992
DOI	10.2337/dc17-2000
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Article ; Online: Community Health Workers as Puentes/Bridges to Increase COVID-19 Health Equity in Latinx Communities of the Southwest U.S.

Hernandez-Salinas, Christopher / Marsiglia, Flavio F / Oh, Hyunsung / Campos, Ana Paola / De La Rosa, Kate

Journal of community health

2022 Volume 48, Issue 3, Page(s) 398–413

Abstract: This study documents the pivotal role that Community Health Workers (CHW) played while supporting underserved Latinx communities affected by COVID-19-related health inequities. With the support of CHWs' agencies historically serving three Latinx-dense ... ...

Abstract	This study documents the pivotal role that Community Health Workers (CHW) played while supporting underserved Latinx communities affected by COVID-19-related health inequities. With the support of CHWs' agencies historically serving three Latinx-dense counties in Arizona, we recruited CHWs who participated in a state-wide COVID-19 testing project. Using phenomenology and narrative qualitative research methods, five focus groups were facilitated in Spanish between August and November 2021. Bilingual research team members conducted the analysis of the Spanish verbatim transcripts and CHWs reviewed the results for validity. Three interconnected themes reflected the CHWs experiences: (1) CHWs as puentes/bridges with deep community embeddedness through shared experiences and social/cultural context, (2) CHWs as communication brokers and transformational agents, playing a pivotal role in responding to the health and socioeconomic challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, (3) CHWs satisfaction and frustration due to their dual role as committed community members but unrecognized and undervalued frontline public health workers. These findings emphasize the CHWs' commitment towards supporting their communities, even amidst the stressors of the pandemic. It is important to continue to integrate the role of CHWs into the larger healthcare system as opposed to relegating them to short term engagements as was the case during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article provides a set of practice, policy, and future research recommendations, emphasizing the need to allocate greater budgetary and training resources in support of CHWs.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Health Equity ; Qualitative Research ; Community Health Workers/education ; COVID-19 Testing ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Arizona/epidemiology ; Hispanic or Latino
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-19
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	426631-6
ISSN	1573-3610 ; 0094-5145
ISSN (online)	1573-3610
ISSN	0094-5145
DOI	10.1007/s10900-022-01182-5
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Article ; Online: Evolution of COVID-19 Health Disparities in Arizona.

Shen, Felix L / Shu, Jingmin / Lee, Matthew / Oh, Hyunsung / Li, Ming / Runger, George / Marsiglia, Flavio F / Liu, Li

Journal of immigrant and minority health

2023 Volume 25, Issue 4, Page(s) 862–869

Abstract: COVID-19 burdens are disproportionally high in underserved and vulnerable communities in Arizona. As the pandemic progressed, it is unclear if the initial associated health disparities have changed. This study aims to elicit the dynamic landscape of ... ...

Abstract	COVID-19 burdens are disproportionally high in underserved and vulnerable communities in Arizona. As the pandemic progressed, it is unclear if the initial associated health disparities have changed. This study aims to elicit the dynamic landscape of COVID-19 disparities at the community level and identify newly emerging vulnerable subpopulations. Findings from this study can inform interventions to increase health equity among minoritized communities in the Southwest, other regions of the US, and globally. We compiled biweekly COVID-19 case counts of 274 zip code tabulation areas (ZCTAs) in Arizona from October 21, 2020, to November 25, 2021, a time spanning multiple waves of COVID-19 case growth. Within each biweekly period, we tested the associations between the growth rate of COVID-19 cases and the population composition in a ZCTA including race/ethnicity, income, employment, and age using multiple regression analysis. We then compared the associations across time periods to discover temporal patterns of health disparities. The association between the percentage of Latinx population and the COVID-19 growth rate was positive before April 2021 but gradually converted to negative afterwards. The percentage of Black population was not associated with the COVID-19 growth rate at the beginning of the study but became positive after January 2021 which persisted till the end of the study period. Young median age and high unemployment rate emerged as new risk factors around mid-August 2021. Based on these findings, we identified 37 ZCTAs that were highly vulnerable to future fast escalation of COVID-19 cases. As the pandemic progresses, vulnerabilities associated with Latinx ethnicity improved gradually, possibly bolstered by culturally responsive programs in Arizona to support Latinx. Still communities with disadvantaged social determinants of health continued to struggle. Our findings inform the need to adjust current resource allocations to support the design and implementation of new interventions addressing the emerging vulnerabilities at the community level.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Arizona/epidemiology ; Black People ; COVID-19 ; Employment ; Ethnicity ; Health Status Disparities ; Hispanic or Latino ; Social Determinants of Health
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2220162-2
ISSN	1557-1920 ; 1557-1912
ISSN (online)	1557-1920
ISSN	1557-1912
DOI	10.1007/s10903-023-01449-6
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