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Article ; Online: Skeletal Muscle Denervation: Sciatic and Tibial Nerve Transection Technique.

Goto, Katsumasa / Ohashi, Kazuya

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

2023 Volume 2640, Page(s) 217–225

Abstract: The nerve transection model is an established and validated experimental model of skeletal muscle atrophy prepared by denervating the skeletal muscle in rodents. While a number of denervation techniques are available in rats, the development of various ... ...

Abstract	The nerve transection model is an established and validated experimental model of skeletal muscle atrophy prepared by denervating the skeletal muscle in rodents. While a number of denervation techniques are available in rats, the development of various transgenic and knockout mice has also led to the wide use of mouse models of nerve transection. Skeletal muscle denervation experiments expand our knowledge of the physiological role of nerval activity and/or neurotrophic factors in the plasticity of skeletal muscle. The denervation of the sciatic or tibial nerve is a common experimental procedure in mice and rats, as these nerves can be resected without great difficulty. An increasing number of reports have recently been published on experiments using a tibial nerve transection technique in mice. In this chapter, we demonstrate and explain the procedures used to transect the sciatic and tibial nerves in mice.
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Mice ; Animals ; Muscle Denervation/methods ; Sciatic Nerve/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/pathology ; Tibial Nerve/physiology ; Muscular Atrophy/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1940-6029
ISSN (online)	1940-6029
DOI	10.1007/978-1-0716-3036-5_16
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Effects of floral symmetry and orientation on the consistency of pollinator entry angle.

Jirgal, Nina / Ohashi, Kazuharu

Die Naturwissenschaften

2023 Volume 110, Issue 3, Page(s) 19

Abstract: Since the publication of Sprengel's (1793) observations, it has been considered that flowers with zygomorphic (or bilaterally symmetrical) corollas evolved to restrict the movement of pollinators into the flower by limiting the pollinator's direction of ... ...

Abstract	Since the publication of Sprengel's (1793) observations, it has been considered that flowers with zygomorphic (or bilaterally symmetrical) corollas evolved to restrict the movement of pollinators into the flower by limiting the pollinator's direction of approach. However, little empirical support has been accumulated so far. Our aim was to build on previous research that showed zygomorphy reduces variance in pollinator entry angle, aiming to observe whether floral symmetry or orientation had an impact on pollinator entry angle in a laboratory experiment using bumble bees, Bombus ignitus. Using nine different combinations of artificial flowers created from three symmetry types (radial, bilateral and disymmetrical) and three orientation types (upward, horizontal, and downward), we tested the effects of these two floral aspects on the consistency of bee entry angle. Our results show that horizontal orientation significantly reduced the variance in entry angle, while symmetry had little effect. We also found either little or no significant interactions between angle and symmetry in their effect on entry angle. Thus, our results suggest that horizontal orientation forces the bees to orient themselves relative to gravity rather than the corolla and stabilizes their flower entry. This stabilizing effect may have been mistaken for the effect of zygomorphic corolla as it is presented horizontally in most species. Consequently, we suggest that the evolution of horizontal orientation preceded that of zygomorphy as indicated by some authors, and that the reason behind the evolution of zygomorphy should be revisited.
MeSH term(s)	Bees ; Animals ; Pollination ; Flowers
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-16
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	123257-5
ISSN	1432-1904 ; 0028-1042
ISSN (online)	1432-1904
ISSN	0028-1042
DOI	10.1007/s00114-023-01845-w
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Zs.A 664: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Ui VI 2855: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article: [Survival Mechanisms of Drug Tolerant Persister Cancer Cells against Targeted Anticancer Drugs].

Taoka, Masataka / Makimoto, Go / Ohashi, Kadoaki

Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy

2024 Volume 50, Issue 12, Page(s) 1239–1245

Abstract: Persister cells constitute a subset of cancer cells that exhibit resistance to anticancer therapies. They evade anticancer drug-induced cell death by slowing down the cell cycle and transiently adapting to the drugs through multiple pathways. ... ...

Abstract	Persister cells constitute a subset of cancer cells that exhibit resistance to anticancer therapies. They evade anticancer drug-induced cell death by slowing down the cell cycle and transiently adapting to the drugs through multiple pathways. Subsequently, these persister cells function as reservoirs, leading cancer cells towards diverse and irreversible mechanisms of drug resistance. The causes of treatment resistance in persister cells have been reported to be primarily epigenetic changes, rather than irreversible genetic mutations. Acquisition of stem-like features, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, alterations in survival and apoptosis signaling, changes in metabolism, variations in the tumor microenvironment, and acquisition of immune escape mechanisms are reported to be involved in the survival of persister cells. Although various therapeutic interventions have been explored for each of these aspects, few have been clinically applied. In this article, we place a particular emphasis on EGFR lung cancer and persister cells. We discuss the reasons why EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors fail to achieve curative outcomes and consider the biological characteristics of persister cells. We also review an overview of potential therapeutic strategies to overcome persister cell-induced resistance.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Apoptosis ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Lung Neoplasms ; ErbB Receptors ; Tumor Microenvironment
Chemical Substances	ErbB Receptors (EC 2.7.10.1)
Language	Japanese
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604842-0
ISSN	0385-0684
ISSN	0385-0684
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Zs.B 2573: Show issues

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Article ; Online: RNA sequencing analysis of early-stage atherosclerosis in vascular-on-a-chip and its application for comparing combustible cigarettes with heated tobacco products.

Ohashi, Kazuhiro / Hayashida, Ayaka / Nozawa, Atsuko / Ito, Shigeaki

Current research in toxicology

2024 Volume 6, Page(s) 100163

Abstract: Our previous study showed promising results in replicating early-stage atherosclerosis when vascular endothelial cells (VECs) were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) extract via M0 macrophages. We used an organ-on-a-chip system as an alternative to animal ... ...

Abstract	Our previous study showed promising results in replicating early-stage atherosclerosis when vascular endothelial cells (VECs) were exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) extract via M0 macrophages. We used an organ-on-a-chip system as an alternative to animal testing to model atherosclerosis, which is a complex disease involving endothelial and immune cell communications. By incorporating macrophages into the vascular-on-a-chip system, we aimed to mimic the indirect effects of inhalable substances, such as CS, on VECs. In the current study, we further examined the suitability of our
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-21
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-027X
ISSN (online)	2666-027X
DOI	10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100163
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Article: Vancomycin-Induced Neutropenia With Subsequent Perioperative Readministration: A Case Report.

Shinoda, Yasutaka / Kawabata, Teppei / Ohashi, Kengo / Usami, Eiseki

Cureus

2024 Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) e55858

Abstract: Vancomycin (VCM), an essential antibiotic for antimicrobial-resistant Gram-positive cocci, can lead to complications such as neutropenia. Here, we present a case of a 25-year-old male with noncommunicating hydrocephalus due to an intraventricular tumor ... ...

Abstract	Vancomycin (VCM), an essential antibiotic for antimicrobial-resistant Gram-positive cocci, can lead to complications such as neutropenia. Here, we present a case of a 25-year-old male with noncommunicating hydrocephalus due to an intraventricular tumor who developed neutropenia during VCM therapy. Despite the suspected VCM-induced neutropenia, short-term readministration was deemed necessary for perioperative infection prophylaxis. This patient was readministered without neutropenia. A review of the literature revealed an earlier onset of VCM-induced neutropenia than that previously reported, emphasizing the importance of vigilant monitoring. Although readministration of VCM in patients with neutropenia is uncommon, it may be feasible with careful risk assessment, particularly in cases of mild neutropenia and short-term therapy. However, the mechanisms underlying VCM-induced neutropenia remain unclear, necessitating further research on the optimal management strategies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.55858
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Article ; Online: Ultrasound for the evaluation of the urethra in pediatric patients.

Hosokawa, Takahiro / Ohashi, Kensuke / Yoshizawa, Shinsuke / Oguma, Eiji

Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU

2024 Volume 52, Issue 4, Page(s) 445–447

Abstract: Urethral lesions in pediatric patients can be visualized using ultrasonography. Therefore, sonographers and physicians should be familiar with the technique. ...

Abstract	Urethral lesions in pediatric patients can be visualized using ultrasonography. Therefore, sonographers and physicians should be familiar with the technique.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Urethra/diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography/methods ; Child ; Male ; Urethral Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Child, Preschool ; Infant
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Case Reports
ZDB-ID	189393-2
ISSN	1097-0096 ; 0091-2751
ISSN (online)	1097-0096
ISSN	0091-2751
DOI	10.1002/jcu.23656
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Zs.A 1186: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Assessing Engagement With Patient-Generated Health Data Recording and Its Impact on Health Behavior Changes in Multicomponent Interventions: Supplementary Analysis.

Kinouchi, Kaori / Ohashi, Kazutomo

JMIR formative research

2022 Volume 6, Issue 5, Page(s) e35471

Abstract: Background: The use and sharing of patient-generated health data (PGHD) by clinicians or researchers is expected to enhance the remote monitoring of specific behaviors that affect patient health. In addition, PGHD use could support patients' decision- ... ...

Abstract	Background: The use and sharing of patient-generated health data (PGHD) by clinicians or researchers is expected to enhance the remote monitoring of specific behaviors that affect patient health. In addition, PGHD use could support patients' decision-making on preventive care management, resulting in reduced medical expenses. However, sufficient evidence on the use and sharing of PGHD is lacking, and the impact of PGHD recording on patients' health behavior changes remains unclear. Objective: This study aimed to assess patients' engagement with PGHD recording and to examine the impact of PGHD recording on their health behavior changes. Methods: This supplementary analysis used the data of 47 postpartum women who had been assigned to the intervention group of our previous study for managing urinary incontinence. To assess the patients' engagement with PGHD recording during the intervention period (8 weeks), the fluctuation in the number of patients who record their PGHD (ie, PGHD recorders) was evaluated by an approximate curve. In addition, to assess adherence to the pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), the weekly mean number of pelvic floor muscle contractions performed per day among 17 PGHD recorders was examined by latent class growth modeling (LCGM). Results: The fluctuation in the number of PGHD recorders was evaluated using the sigmoid curve formula (R Conclusions: The number of PGHD recorders declined over time in a sigmoid curve. A small number of users recorded PGHD continuously; therefore, patients' engagement with PGHD recording was low. In addition, more than half of the PGHD recorders (moderate- and low-level classes combined: 10/17, 59%) had poor PFMT adherence. These results suggest that PGHD recording does not always promote health behavior changes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-03
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2561-326X
ISSN (online)	2561-326X
DOI	10.2196/35471
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Article ; Online: Artifact reduction in low and ultra-low dose chest computed tomography for patients with pacemaker: A phantom study.

Watanabe, S / Urikura, A / Ohashi, K / Kitera, N / Tsuchiya, T / Kasai, H / Kawai, T / Hiwatashi, A

Radiography (London, England : 1995)

2024 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 770–775

Abstract: Introduction: Implanted pacemakers (PM) would decrease the detection of lung nodules in chest computed tomography (CT) due to the metal artifact. This study aimed to explore the computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) detectability of pulmonary nodules for the ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Implanted pacemakers (PM) would decrease the detection of lung nodules in chest computed tomography (CT) due to the metal artifact. This study aimed to explore the computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) detectability of pulmonary nodules for the patients implanted with PMs in low- and ultra-low-dose chest CT screening. Methods: Four different sizes of artificial nodules were placed in an anthropomorphic chest phantom with two alternative diameters utilized. A commercially available PM was placed on the surface of the left chest wall of the phantom. The image acquisitions were performed with 120 kV and 150 kV with a dedicated selective photon shield made of tin filter (Sn150 kV) at low- and ultra-low- radiation doses (1.0 and 0.5 mGy of volume CT dose index), and reconstructed with and without Iterative Metal Artifact Reduction (iMAR, Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany). The relative artifact index (AI Results: Sn150 kV reduced AI Conclusion: Sn150 kV reduced PM-induced metal artifacts and improved nodule detectability with CAD compared to 120 kV acquisition in many conditions including low and ultra-low doses and large phantoms, but iMAR did not improve the detectability. Implications for practice: Based on the results of the current phantom study, low and ultra-low dose with Sn150 kV acquisition reduced PM-induced metal artifacts and improved nodule detectability.
MeSH term(s)	Phantoms, Imaging ; Artifacts ; Humans ; Radiation Dosage ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; Radiography, Thoracic/methods ; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-08
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1289102-2
ISSN	1532-2831 ; 1078-8174
ISSN (online)	1532-2831
ISSN	1078-8174
DOI	10.1016/j.radi.2024.02.019
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Zs.A 4438: Show issues

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Article: Three-Dimensional Printer-Assisted Electrospinning for Fabricating Intricate Biological Tissue Mimics.

Raje, Komal / Ohashi, Keisuke / Fujita, Satoshi

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 13, Issue 22

Abstract: Although regenerative medicine necessitates advanced three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds for organ and tissue applications, creating intricate structures across scales, from nano- to meso-like biological tissues, remains a challenge. Electrospinning of ... ...

Abstract	Although regenerative medicine necessitates advanced three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds for organ and tissue applications, creating intricate structures across scales, from nano- to meso-like biological tissues, remains a challenge. Electrospinning of nanofibers offers promise due to its capacity to craft not only the dimensions and surfaces of individual fibers but also intricate attributes, such as anisotropy and porosity, across various materials. In this study, we used a 3D printer to design a mold with polylactic acid for gel modeling. This gel template, which was mounted on a metal wire, facilitated microfiber electrospinning. After spinning, these structures were treated with EDTA to remove the template and were then cleansed and dried, resulting in 3D microfibrous (3DMF) structures, with average fiber diameters of approximately 1 µm on the outer and inner surfaces. Notably, these structures matched their intended design dimensions without distortion or shrinkage, demonstrating the adaptability of this method for various template sizes. The cylindrical structures showed high elasticity and stretchability with an elastic modulus of 6.23 MPa. Furthermore, our method successfully mimicked complex biological tissue structures, such as the inner architecture of the voice box and the hollow partitioned structure of the heart's tricuspid valve. Achieving specific intricate shapes required multiple spinning sessions and subsequent assemblies. In essence, our approach holds potential for crafting artificial organs and forming the foundational materials for cell culture scaffolds, addressing the challenges of crafting intricate multiscale structures.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662255-5
ISSN	2079-4991
ISSN	2079-4991
DOI	10.3390/nano13222913
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Article: Preconception education program for non-invasive prenatal testing focused on interest in genetics among female university students in Japan: a quasi-experimental study comparing pre-intervention, post-intervention, and three-month follow-up results.

Katada, Chihiro / Ohashi, Kazutomo / Okada, Kimie / Sawai, Hideaki

Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique

2023 Volume 81, Issue 1, Page(s) 138

Abstract: Background: Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is offered as a reproductive choice in many countries. However, pregnant women, particularly those who are primipara or lack knowledge of prenatal testing, experience difficulties understanding adequate ... ...

Abstract	Background: Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is offered as a reproductive choice in many countries. However, pregnant women, particularly those who are primipara or lack knowledge of prenatal testing, experience difficulties understanding adequate information and making decisions on NIPT. This study developed a preconception education program about NIPT, focusing on interest in genetics, and aimed to clarify the effectiveness of the program to help women make decisions on future NIPT. Methods: This was a one-group, quasi-experimental, pre-post-test study. The study population was female undergraduate students in Japan who participated in the education program. This program included two games and was based on the Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction (ARCS) model, which is an instructional design that stimulates learning interest and motivation. The data of 73 pre-pregnant women who completed all three questionnaires-before, immediately after, and three months after the intervention-were analyzed to clarify the time effects. Moreover, all variables were analyzed using logistic regression analysis to investigate factors related to decisional conflict. Results: Interest in genetics, knowledge of genetics and prenatal testing, and indecisive attitudes toward NIPT significantly improved immediately after the intervention, and consequently, these changes and reduction of decisional conflict were maintained at three months. Moreover, low decisional conflict at follow-up was significantly associated with a high interest in genetics (adjusted odds ratio, 3.42). Conclusions: These findings provide preliminary evidence that this preconception education program, which focused on facilitating interest in genetics, assists pre-pregnant women to reduce decisional conflict about future NIPT. Trial registration: The trial was registered at the UMIN-CTR registry (January 16, 2023), registration number UMIN000050047.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1117688-x
ISSN	2049-3258 ; 0778-7367 ; 0003-9578
ISSN (online)	2049-3258
ISSN	0778-7367 ; 0003-9578
DOI	10.1186/s13690-023-01157-5
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Zs.A 147: Show issues

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