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Article: Climate Records, Isotopes, and C:N Stoichiometry Reveal Carbon and Nitrogen Flux Dynamics Differ Between Functional Groups of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi

Hobbie, Erik Alan / Bendiksen, Katriina / Thorp, Nathan R. / Ohenoja, Esteri / Ouimette, Andrew P.

Ecosystems. 2022 Aug., v. 25, no. 5

2022

Abstract: A major functional division in ectomycorrhizal fungi is between taxa with hydrophobic ectomycorrhizae (strong proteolytic capabilities, deep nitrogen (N) acquisition, and extensive hyphal development) versus hydrophilic ectomycorrhizae (limited hyphal ... ...

Abstract	A major functional division in ectomycorrhizal fungi is between taxa with hydrophobic ectomycorrhizae (strong proteolytic capabilities, deep nitrogen (N) acquisition, and extensive hyphal development) versus hydrophilic ectomycorrhizae (limited hyphal development, shallow N acquisition, and weak proteolytic capabilities). These two groups may differ in dynamic responses to recent plant carbon (C) fluxes and in N dynamics. Here, we measured sporocarp δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, and C: N stoichiometry of ectomycorrhizal fungi from Betula-dominated stands in northern Finland from 1971 to 1983. We compared weather conditions for the 6 weeks prior to collection, hydrophobicity, C/N, and site-specific factors against the above parameters to test for (a) temporal dynamics of carbon fluxes from host plants to ectomycorrhizal fungi, (b) N dynamics of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Taxa primarily responded in δ¹³C and C/N to weather variability for the prior 3 weeks, indicating climatic conditions and plant C supply rapidly modulated fungal growth. However, hydrophilic taxa varied less overall in C/N than hydrophobic taxa and were less responsive in C/N to weather variability. Compared to hydrophilic taxa, species with hydrophobic ectomycorrhizae were low in δ¹³C and high in δ¹⁵N, with δ¹⁵N and C/N negatively correlated, particularly at low δ¹³C. This presumably reflected the partitioning of ¹³C-enriched and ¹⁵N-depleted structural carbohydrates and chitin into the extensive belowground mycelia, limited influx of soil-derived N during sporocarp formation (semi-closed system), and the subsequent formation of ¹³C-depleted and ¹⁵N-enriched sporocarps. Functional differences in C and N dynamics among ectomycorrhizal taxa were deduced from weather records and sporocarp δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, and C/N measurements.
Keywords	carbon ; chitin ; ectomycorrhizae ; fruiting bodies ; fungal growth ; hydrophilicity ; hydrophobicity ; hyphae ; mycelium ; nitrogen ; proteolysis ; stoichiometry ; temporal variation ; weather ; Finland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-08
Size	p. 1207-1217.
Publishing place	Springer US
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1428921-0
ISSN	1435-0629 ; 1432-9840
ISSN (online)	1435-0629
ISSN	1432-9840
DOI	10.1007/s10021-021-00710-z
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Mycological records from ISAM 9, Kevo, Finland

Ohenoja, Esteri / Ruotsalainen, Anna Liisa / Vauras, Jukka

The Mycological Society of Japan Mycoscience. 2018 July, v. 59, no. 4

2018

Abstract: ISAM 9 (International Symposium of Arctic-Alpine Mycology) was held in August 2012 at the Kevo Lapland Research Station in Utsjoki in northernmost Finnish Lapland. In addition to Utsjoki, some excursions were made in Finnmark, the northernmost part of ... ...

Abstract	ISAM 9 (International Symposium of Arctic-Alpine Mycology) was held in August 2012 at the Kevo Lapland Research Station in Utsjoki in northernmost Finnish Lapland. In addition to Utsjoki, some excursions were made in Finnmark, the northernmost part of Norway. Kevo station lies in the subarctic zone characterized by mountain birch (Betula pubescens var. czerepanovii), but the fells reach the arctic tundra zone. Áilegas fells at Utsjoki village and at Nuvvus lie on acid ground as does Skalluvaara, and all are under influence of reindeer grazing. The Gistuskaidi fell is highest and is characterized by the presence of more basic rocks; the vegetation also reflects some amount of maritime influence. The places visited on the Norwegian side belong to the Nesseby commune at the sea shore and Tana commune on the shore of the Tana River and along the road to Båtsfjord where the tundra is maritime and mossy with calcareous spots. In all 123 taxa were found during the excursions, some of them not determined at species level. The reported fungal taxa belong to the Basidiomycota (115 taxa), Ascomycota (7 taxa), and Mycetozoa (1 taxon).
Keywords	Ascomycota ; Basidiomycota ; Betula pubescens var. pumila ; fungi ; grazing ; mycology ; reindeer ; rivers ; rocks ; tundra ; villages ; Finland ; Lapland ; Norway
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-07
Size	p. 263-267.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1285813-4
ISSN	1618-2545 ; 1340-3540
ISSN (online)	1618-2545
ISSN	1340-3540
DOI	10.1016/j.myc.2017.12.003
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Article: Studies in Gyromitra I: the Gyromitra gigas species complex

Miller, Andrew N / Yoon, Angela / Gulden, Gro / Stensholt, Øyvind / Van Vooren, Nicolas / Ohenoja, Esteri / Methven, Andrew S

Mycological progress. 2020 Dec., v. 19, no. 12

2020

Abstract: The Gyromitra gigas species complex includes six morphologically similar taxa, several of which have a long history of segregation, synonymization, and rearrangement among different genera. These taxa occur throughout Asia, Europe, and North America and ... ...

Abstract	The Gyromitra gigas species complex includes six morphologically similar taxa, several of which have a long history of segregation, synonymization, and rearrangement among different genera. These taxa occur throughout Asia, Europe, and North America and include G. gigas, G. khanspurensis, G. korfii, G. montana, G. pseudogigas, and G. ticiniana. ITS and LSU sequences from 66 specimens, including type specimens for all six taxa, were included in phylogenetic analyses to establish species boundaries and resolve species relationships. Sequence similarity comparisons were also conducted between the two molecular markers and between the ITS1 and ITS2 regions. Although ITS exhibited sufficient variability to discriminate among species in the G. gigas species complex, LSU displayed very low variability rendering it completely useless as a molecular marker for separating taxa in this group. The ITS1 region was twice as informative as the ITS2 region and can be used as a barcode marker to identify these species. Gyromitra gigas and G. montana occur as a well-supported clade of sister species and can be distinguished based on ascospore morphology. Gyromitra korfii and G. ticiniana also form a highly supported clade and are considered distinct species based on geography. Gyromitra littiniana is confirmed to be synonymous with G. ticiniana based on molecular data. Gyromitra khanspurensis and G. pseudogigas, which also form a highly supported clade, are considered separate species early in the process of speciation that differ significantly in ascomata and ascospore morphology. A key to species based on morphology and geography is provided.
Keywords	Gyromitra ; ascomata ; ascospores ; barcoding ; genetic markers ; geography ; phylogeny ; sequence homology ; taxonomic keys ; Asia ; Europe ; North America
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-12
Size	p. 1459-1473.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2226747-5
ISSN	1861-8952 ; 1617-416X
ISSN (online)	1861-8952
ISSN	1617-416X
DOI	10.1007/s11557-020-01639-8
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Article: Associations between climate and earlywood and latewood width in boreal and Mediterranean Scots pine forests

Camarero, J. Julio / Collado, Eduardo / Martínez-de-Aragón, Juan / de-Miguel, Sergio / Büntgen, Ulf / Martinez-Peña, Fernando / Martín-Pinto, Pablo / Ohenoja, Esteri / Romppanen, Taina / Salo, Kauko / Oria-de-Rueda, J. Andrés / Bonet, J. Antonio

Trees. 2021 Feb., v. 35, no. 1

2021

Abstract: KEY MESSAGE: Earlywood and latewood widths differently respond to the climate in boreal and Mediterranean Scots pine forests. The response is constrained by allometric relationships. Measurements of earlywood (EW) and latewood (LW) width can be used to ... ...

Abstract	KEY MESSAGE: Earlywood and latewood widths differently respond to the climate in boreal and Mediterranean Scots pine forests. The response is constrained by allometric relationships. Measurements of earlywood (EW) and latewood (LW) width can be used to assess how tree growth responds to the climate in different biomes. Through tree-ring analyses, we quantified and analysed EW and LW width in six Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests situated in the boreal and Mediterranean biomes. We aimed to answer: (i) how coupled are EW and LW width in Scots pine boreal and Mediterranean European forests, and (ii) how do they respond to climate and atmospheric patterns. Using allometric approaches to assess the EW‒LW coupling and correlations with climate variables and indices we found that EW and LW width in Scots pine responds to different climate variables depending on biome and site. We identified two groups of sites with slow-growing trees producing dense wood with more LW in boreal sites vs. fast-growing trees producing more conductive wood with a higher EW proportion in Mediterranean sites. In these sites, spring-to-summer drought was the main constraint of EW and LW production. In boreal sites, wet springs and warm summers improved EW and LW width, respectively. We also found a high coupling between EW and LW width in cold, dry Mediterranean sites. LW width was very responsive to climate and atmospheric patterns in warm, dry Mediterranean sites. The most consistent response to atmospheric patterns was a negative correlation between EW and the January North Atlantic Oscillation index in Mediterranean sites. Mediterranean Scots pine forests where LW width is not very dependent on EW width are potential sites for using LW variables as proxies of drought during the growing season.
Keywords	North Atlantic Oscillation ; Pinus sylvestris ; allometry ; cold ; drought ; earlywood ; ecosystems ; latewood ; tree growth ; wood
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-02
Size	p. 155-169.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	90595-1
ISSN	1432-2285 ; 0931-1890
ISSN (online)	1432-2285
ISSN	0931-1890
DOI	10.1007/s00468-020-02028-0
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Article ; Online: Responses of fungal and plant communities to partial humus removal in mid-boreal N-enriched forests.

Tarvainen, Oili / Hamberg, Leena / Ohenoja, Esteri / Strömmer, Rauni / Markkola, Annamari

Journal of environmental management

2012 Volume 108, Page(s) 120–129

Abstract: Partial removal of the forest humus layer was performed in nitrogen-enriched urban Scots pine forest stands in the northern Finland in order to improve soil conditions for ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, important symbionts of trees. Aboveground part of ... ...

Abstract	Partial removal of the forest humus layer was performed in nitrogen-enriched urban Scots pine forest stands in the northern Finland in order to improve soil conditions for ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, important symbionts of trees. Aboveground part of understory vegetation and the uppermost half of the humus layer were removed (REMOVAL treatment) from sample plots in six urban and eight rural reference forest sites at the beginning of the 2001 growing season. During the seasons 2001-2005, we inventoried sporocarp production of ECM and saprophytic fungi, and in 2003 the recovery of understory vegetation. The REMOVAL treatment resulted in a higher number of fruiting ECM species and sporocarps than controls at the rural, but not at urban sites. The sporocarp number of saprophytic fungi declined in the REMOVAL subplots at the urban sites. The recovery of bryophytes and lichens in the REMOVAL treatment was slow at both the urban and rural sites, whereas Vaccinium dwarf shrub cover, and herb and grass cover returned rapidly at the urban sites. We conclude that the partial vegetation and humus layer removal as a tool to promote the reproduction of ECM fungal species is limited in the boreal urban forests.
MeSH term(s)	Bryophyta/growth & development ; Ecosystem ; Finland ; Lichens/growth & development ; Mycorrhizae/growth & development ; Nitrogen ; Pinus sylvestris ; Soil ; Vaccinium/growth & development
Chemical Substances	Soil ; Nitrogen (N762921K75)
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-10-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.05.003
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Responses of fungal and plant communities to partial humus removal in mid-boreal N-enriched forests

Tarvainen, Oili / Hamberg, Leena / Ohenoja, Esteri / Strömmer, Rauni / Markkola, Annamari

Journal of environmental management. 2012 Oct. 15, v. 108

2012

Abstract	Partial removal of the forest humus layer was performed in nitrogen-enriched urban Scots pine forest stands in the northern Finland in order to improve soil conditions for ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, important symbionts of trees. Aboveground part of understory vegetation and the uppermost half of the humus layer were removed (REMOVAL treatment) from sample plots in six urban and eight rural reference forest sites at the beginning of the 2001 growing season. During the seasons 2001–2005, we inventoried sporocarp production of ECM and saprophytic fungi, and in 2003 the recovery of understory vegetation. The REMOVAL treatment resulted in a higher number of fruiting ECM species and sporocarps than controls at the rural, but not at urban sites. The sporocarp number of saprophytic fungi declined in the REMOVAL subplots at the urban sites. The recovery of bryophytes and lichens in the REMOVAL treatment was slow at both the urban and rural sites, whereas Vaccinium dwarf shrub cover, and herb and grass cover returned rapidly at the urban sites. We conclude that the partial vegetation and humus layer removal as a tool to promote the reproduction of ECM fungal species is limited in the boreal urban forests.
Keywords	Bryopsida ; Pinus sylvestris ; Vaccinium ; aerial parts ; boreal forests ; coniferous forests ; forest stands ; fungal communities ; fungi ; grasses ; growing season ; herbs ; humus ; lichens ; plant response ; reproduction ; shrubs ; soil quality ; symbionts ; trees ; understory ; Finland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2012-1015
Size	p. 120-129.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.05.003
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book ; Thesis: Effect of weather conditions on the larger fungi at different forest sites in Northern Finland in 1976-1988

Ohenoja, Esteri

(Acta Universitatis Ouluensis : Series A, Scientiae rerum naturalium ; 243)

1993

Author's details	Esteri Ohenoja
Series title	Acta Universitatis Ouluensis : Series A, Scientiae rerum naturalium ; 243
Language	English
Size	69, 28 S, Ill., graph. Darst
Publisher	Univ
Publishing place	Oulu
Document type	Book ; Thesis
Thesis / German Habilitation thesis	Univ., Diss.--Oulu, 1993
ISBN	9514235126 ; 9789514235122
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Article: Northern species of earth tongue genus Thuemenidium revisited, considering morphology, ecology and molecular phylogeny

Ohenoja, Esteri / Wang, Zheng / Townsend, Jeffrey P / Mitchel, David / Voitk, Andrus

Mycologia. 2010 Sept-Oct, v. 102, no. 5

2010

Keywords	Geoglossaceae ; Leotia ; plant taxonomy ; descriptions ; geographical distribution ; fungal anatomy ; asci ; ascospores ; phylogeny ; genetic relationships ; ribosomal DNA ; nucleotide sequences ; Newfoundland and Labrador ; Finland ; Quebec ; Northern Ireland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2010-09
Size	p. 1089-1095.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	281335-x
ISSN	1557-2536 ; 0027-5514
ISSN (online)	1557-2536
ISSN	0027-5514
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Article: Northern species of earth tongue genus Thuemenidium revisited, considering morphology, ecology and molecular phylogeny.

Ohenoja, Esteri / Wang, Zheng / Townsend, Jeffrey P / Mitchel, David / Voitk, Andrus

Mycologia

2010 Volume 102, Issue 5, Page(s) 1089–1095

Abstract: Thuemenidium is a small earth tongue genus with three recognized white-spored species. Within Thuemenidium, T. atropurpureum and T. arenarium have been reported only from the northern hemisphere while T. berteroi is known solely in the southern ... ...

Abstract	Thuemenidium is a small earth tongue genus with three recognized white-spored species. Within Thuemenidium, T. atropurpureum and T. arenarium have been reported only from the northern hemisphere while T. berteroi is known solely in the southern hemisphere. We reviewed the ecology, examined the morphology and inferred the systematic positions of northern species of Thuemenidium from LSU-rDNA gene phylogeny of 48 taxa in Pezizomycotina including recent collections. Our results suggest that Thuemenidium in its current sense is polyphyletic and that T. atropurpureum, closely related to Microglossum and Leotia species, is a member of Leotiaceae (Helotiales, Leotiomycetes). Our phylogeny placed the other northern species, T. arenarium, in Geoglossaceae (Geoglossales, Geoglossomycetes), retaining genus Thuemenidium, pending further investigation.
MeSH term(s)	Ascomycota/classification ; Ascomycota/genetics ; Ascomycota/ultrastructure ; Climate ; DNA, Fungal/genetics ; Ecology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Species Specificity
Chemical Substances	DNA, Fungal
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	281335-x
ISSN	1557-2536 ; 0027-5514
ISSN (online)	1557-2536
ISSN	0027-5514
DOI	10.3852/09-317
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Article: Radiocarbon evidence for the mining of organic nitrogen from soil by mycorrhizal fungi

Hobbie, Erik A / Ouimette, Andrew P / Schuur, Edward A. G / Kierstead, Daniel / Trappe, James M / Bendiksen, Katriina / Ohenoja, Esteri

Biogeochemistry. 2013 July, v. 114, no. 1-3

2013

Abstract: Organic nitrogen use by mycorrhizal fungi and associated plants could fuel productivity in nitrogen-limited systems. To test whether fungi assimilated soil-derived organic nitrogen, we compared the ¹⁴C signal (expressed as Δ¹⁴C) from 1950s to 1960s ... ...

Abstract	Organic nitrogen use by mycorrhizal fungi and associated plants could fuel productivity in nitrogen-limited systems. To test whether fungi assimilated soil-derived organic nitrogen, we compared the ¹⁴C signal (expressed as Δ¹⁴C) from 1950s to 1960s thermonuclear testing in protein and structural carbon of ectomycorrhizal fungi. As expected, structural carbon had Δ¹⁴C similar to recent photosynthesis; however, protein Δ¹⁴C was either higher or lower than structural carbon depending on the fungal taxa. This suggests that some protein carbon derived from uptake of organic nitrogen with different Δ¹⁴C signals. Specimens from two taxa (Lactarius and Russula) adapted to taking up soluble nutrients had protein higher than structural carbon in Δ¹⁴C, indicating uptake of young, post-bomb organic nitrogen, whereas two taxa (Cortinarius and Leccinum) adapted to using insoluble, complex organic nutrients had protein lower than structural carbon in Δ¹⁴C, indicating uptake of old, pre-bomb organic nitrogen. Tuber, a genus common in mineral soil, was also consistently lower in Δ¹⁴C for protein than for structural carbon, with an estimated 10� % of protein carbon originating from old, deep organic nitrogen for this taxon. Our results indicate that radiocarbon can provide evidence of organic nitrogen use in ectomycorrhizal fungi and reflects the exploration depth of different taxa.
Keywords	Cortinarius ; Lactarius ; Leccinum ; Russula ; Tuber (genus) ; assimilation (physiology) ; carbon ; ectomycorrhizae ; explosions ; mineral soils ; mycorrhizal fungi ; nitrogen ; nutrient uptake ; nutrients ; photosynthesis ; proteins ; radionuclides
Language	English
Dates of publication	2013-07
Size	p. 381-389.
Publishing place	Springer-Verlag
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1478541-9
ISSN	1573-515X ; 0168-2563
ISSN (online)	1573-515X
ISSN	0168-2563
DOI	10.1007/s10533-012-9779-z
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