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  1. Article ; Online: Delineating the role of nuclear receptors in colorectal cancer, a focused review.

    Manickasamy, Mukesh Kumar / Jayaprakash, Sujitha / Girisa, Sosmitha / Kumar, Aviral / Lam, Hiu Yan / Okina, Elena / Eng, Huiyan / Alqahtani, Mohammed S / Abbas, Mohamed / Sethi, Gautam / Kumar, Alan Prem / Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B

    Discover. Oncology

    2024  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 41

    Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as one of the most prevalent form of cancer globally, causing a significant number of deaths, surpassing 0.9 million in the year 2020. According to GLOBOCAN 2020, CRC ranks third in incidence and second in mortality in both ...

    Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as one of the most prevalent form of cancer globally, causing a significant number of deaths, surpassing 0.9 million in the year 2020. According to GLOBOCAN 2020, CRC ranks third in incidence and second in mortality in both males and females. Despite extensive studies over the years, there is still a need to establish novel therapeutic targets to enhance the patients' survival rate in CRC. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors (TFs) that regulate numerous essential biological processes such as differentiation, development, physiology, reproduction, and cellular metabolism. Dysregulation and anomalous expression of different NRs has led to multiple alterations, such as impaired signaling cascades, mutations, and epigenetic changes, leading to various diseases, including cancer. It has been observed that differential expression of various NRs might lead to the initiation and progression of CRC, and are correlated with poor survival outcomes in CRC patients. Despite numerous studies on the mechanism and role of NRs in this cancer, it remains of significant scientific interest primarily due to the diverse functions that various NRs exhibit in regulating key hallmarks of this cancer. Thus, modulating the expression of NRs with their agonists and antagonists, based on their expression levels, holds an immense prospect in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutical modalities of CRC. In this review, we primarily focus on the role and mechanism of NRs in the pathogenesis of CRC and emphasized the significance of targeting these NRs using a variety of agents, which may represent a novel and effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of this cancer.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2730-6011
    ISSN (online) 2730-6011
    DOI 10.1007/s12672-023-00808-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Amino acid transporters within the solute carrier superfamily: Underappreciated proteins and novel opportunities for cancer therapy.

    Hushmandi, Kiavash / Einollahi, Behzad / Saadat, Seyed Hassan / Clarissa Lee, E Hui / Farani, Marzieh Ramezani / Okina, Elena / Huh, Yun Suk / Nabavi, Noushin / Salimimoghadam, Shokooh / Kumar, Alan Prem

    Molecular metabolism

    2024  , Page(s) 101952

    Abstract: Solute carrier (SLC), a diverse family of membrane proteins, are instrumental in orchestrating the intake and efflux of nutrients including amino acids, vitamins, ions, nutrients, etc, across cell membranes. This dynamic process is critical for ... ...

    Abstract Solute carrier (SLC), a diverse family of membrane proteins, are instrumental in orchestrating the intake and efflux of nutrients including amino acids, vitamins, ions, nutrients, etc, across cell membranes. This dynamic process is critical for sustaining the metabolic demands of cancer cells, promoting their survival, proliferation, and adaptation to the tumor microenvironment. Amino acids are fundamental building blocks of cells, playing essential roles not only in protein synthesis but also in nutrient sensing, and in signaling pathways that can promote tumorigenesis. As key transporters of amino acids, SLCs have emerged as crucial players in maintaining cellular amino acid homeostasis, and their dysregulation is implicated in various cancer types. Thus, understanding the intricate connections between amino acids, SLCs, and cancer is pivotal for unraveling novel therapeutic targets and strategies. Amino acid uptake by SLCs positively affects tumor progression. However, some studies revealed the tumor suppressor function of SLCs. Although a body of studies evaluated the function of SLC7A11 and SLC1A5, some of the SLC proteins are not studied sufficiently in cancer. In this review, we delve into the significant impact of amino acid carriers of the SLCs family on the growth and progression of cancer and explore the current state of knowledge in this field, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms that underlie these relationships and highlighting potential avenues for future research and clinical interventions. This comprehensive review provides insights into a rapidly evolving area of cancer biology by focusing on amino acids, as one of the most important materials that cancer cells need, and their transporters within the SLC superfamily.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-03
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2708735-9
    ISSN 2212-8778 ; 2212-8778
    ISSN (online) 2212-8778
    ISSN 2212-8778
    DOI 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101952
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Molecular Landscape of LncRNAs in Prostate Cancer: A focus on pathways and therapeutic targets for intervention.

    Mirzaei, Sepideh / Paskeh, Mahshid Deldar Abad / Okina, Elena / Gholami, Mohammad Hossein / Hushmandi, Kiavash / Hashemi, Mehrdad / Kalu, Azuma / Zarrabi, Ali / Nabavi, Noushin / Rabiee, Navid / Sharifi, Esmaeel / Karimi-Maleh, Hassan / Ashrafizadeh, Milad / Kumar, Alan Prem / Wang, Yuzhuo

    Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR

    2022  Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) 214

    Abstract: Background: One of the most malignant tumors in men is prostate cancer that is still incurable due to its heterogenous and progressive natures. Genetic and epigenetic changes play significant roles in its development. The RNA molecules with more than ... ...

    Abstract Background: One of the most malignant tumors in men is prostate cancer that is still incurable due to its heterogenous and progressive natures. Genetic and epigenetic changes play significant roles in its development. The RNA molecules with more than 200 nucleotides in length are known as lncRNAs and these epigenetic factors do not encode protein. They regulate gene expression at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic levels. LncRNAs play vital biological functions in cells and in pathological events, hence their expression undergoes dysregulation.
    Aim of review: The role of epigenetic alterations in prostate cancer development are emphasized here. Therefore, lncRNAs were chosen for this purpose and their expression level and interaction with other signaling networks in prostate cancer progression were examined.
    Key scientific concepts of review: The aberrant expression of lncRNAs in prostate cancer has been well-documented and progression rate of tumor cells are regulated via affecting STAT3, NF-κB, Wnt, PI3K/Akt and PTEN, among other molecular pathways. Furthermore, lncRNAs regulate radio-resistance and chemo-resistance features of prostate tumor cells. Overexpression of tumor-promoting lncRNAs such as HOXD-AS1 and CCAT1 can result in drug resistance. Besides, lncRNAs can induce immune evasion of prostate cancer via upregulating PD-1. Pharmacological compounds such as quercetin and curcumin have been applied for targeting lncRNAs. Furthermore, siRNA tool can reduce expression of lncRNAs thereby suppressing prostate cancer progression. Prognosis and diagnosis of prostate tumor at clinical course can be evaluated by lncRNAs. The expression level of exosomal lncRNAs such as lncRNA-p21 can be investigated in serum of prostate cancer patients as a reliable biomarker.
    MeSH term(s) Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Male ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism ; Prognosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics ; RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
    Chemical Substances RNA, Long Noncoding
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 803138-1
    ISSN 1756-9966 ; 0392-9078
    ISSN (online) 1756-9966
    ISSN 0392-9078
    DOI 10.1186/s13046-022-02406-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2065: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  4. Article ; Online: Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells to Endothelial Progenitor Cells on Laminins in Defined and Xeno-free Systems.

    Nguyen, Mien T X / Okina, Elena / Chai, Xiaoran / Tan, Kok Hian / Hovatta, Outi / Ghosh, Sujoy / Tryggvason, Karl

    Stem cell reports

    2016  Volume 7, Issue 4, Page(s) 802–816

    Abstract: A major hurdle for in vitro culturing of primary endothelial cells (ECs) is that they readily dedifferentiate, hampering their use for therapeutic applications. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) may provide an unlimited cell source; however, most ... ...

    Abstract A major hurdle for in vitro culturing of primary endothelial cells (ECs) is that they readily dedifferentiate, hampering their use for therapeutic applications. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) may provide an unlimited cell source; however, most current protocols deriving endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from hESCs use direct differentiation approaches albeit on undefined matrices, yet final yields are insufficient. We developed a method to culture monolayer hESCs on stem cell niche laminin (LN) LN511 or LN521 matrix. Here, we report a chemically defined, xeno-free protocol for differentiation of hESCs to EPCs using LN521 as the main culture substrate. We were able to generate ∼95% functional EPCs defined as VEGFR2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-10-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720528-9
    ISSN 2213-6711 ; 2213-6711
    ISSN (online) 2213-6711
    ISSN 2213-6711
    DOI 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.08.017
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Transmembrane proteoglycans control stretch-activated channels to set cytosolic calcium levels.

    Gopal, Sandeep / Søgaard, Pernille / Multhaupt, Hinke A B / Pataki, Csilla / Okina, Elena / Xian, Xiaojie / Pedersen, Mikael E / Stevens, Troy / Griesbeck, Oliver / Park, Pyong Woo / Pocock, Roger / Couchman, John R

    The Journal of cell biology

    2015  Volume 210, Issue 7, Page(s) 1199–1211

    Abstract: Transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans regulate multiple aspects of cell behavior, but the molecular basis of their signaling is unresolved. The major family of transmembrane proteoglycans is the syndecans, present in virtually all nucleated cells, ... ...

    Abstract Transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans regulate multiple aspects of cell behavior, but the molecular basis of their signaling is unresolved. The major family of transmembrane proteoglycans is the syndecans, present in virtually all nucleated cells, but with mostly unknown functions. Here, we show that syndecans regulate transient receptor potential canonical (TRPCs) channels to control cytosolic calcium equilibria and consequent cell behavior. In fibroblasts, ligand interactions with heparan sulfate of syndecan-4 recruit cytoplasmic protein kinase C to target serine714 of TRPC7 with subsequent control of the cytoskeleton and the myofibroblast phenotype. In epidermal keratinocytes a syndecan-TRPC4 complex controls adhesion, adherens junction composition, and early differentiation in vivo and in vitro. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the TRPC orthologues TRP-1 and -2 genetically complement the loss of syndecan by suppressing neuronal guidance and locomotory defects related to increases in neuronal calcium levels. The widespread and conserved syndecan-TRPC axis therefore fine tunes cytoskeletal organization and cell behavior.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics ; Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolism ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/metabolism ; Calcium/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Protein Kinase C/genetics ; Protein Kinase C/metabolism ; Rats ; Syndecan-4/genetics ; Syndecan-4/metabolism ; TRPC Cation Channels/genetics ; TRPC Cation Channels/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins ; SDC4 protein, human ; Sdc4 protein, mouse ; Sdc4 protein, rat ; Syndecan-4 ; TRPC Cation Channels ; TRPC4 ion channel ; Protein Kinase C (EC 2.7.11.13) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-09-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218154-x
    ISSN 1540-8140 ; 0021-9525
    ISSN (online) 1540-8140
    ISSN 0021-9525
    DOI 10.1083/jcb.201501060
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ub I Zs.190: Show issues Location:
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