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  1. Article: Extradyadic Behaviors and Gender: How Do They Relate With Sexual Desire, Relationship Quality, and Attractiveness.

    Arantes, Joana / Barros, Fátima / Oliveira, Helena M

    Frontiers in psychology

    2020  Volume 10, Page(s) 2554

    Abstract: Recent years have seen an increasing number of studies on relationship extradyadic behaviors (Pinto and Arantes, 2016; Pazhoohi et al., 2017; Silva et al., 2017; Fisher, 2018). However, much is still to learn about the impact of these extradyadic ... ...

    Abstract Recent years have seen an increasing number of studies on relationship extradyadic behaviors (Pinto and Arantes, 2016; Pazhoohi et al., 2017; Silva et al., 2017; Fisher, 2018). However, much is still to learn about the impact of these extradyadic behaviors on subsequent relationships that an individual may have. Our main goal was to study the association between past extradyadic behaviors - inflicted and suffered - and current relationship quality, sexual desire and attractiveness. Specifically, we aimed to: (i) Understand if past extradyadic behaviors are related to current relationship quality, sexual desire, and self-perceived and partner's attractiveness; (ii) Identify possible gender differences in these variables. For that, 364 participants (251 females and 113 males) were recruited through personal and institutional e-mails, online social networks (e.g., Facebook), and the website of the Evolutionary Psychology Group from the University of Minho. All participants completed a demographic and relationship questionnaire, followed by questions related to extradyadic behaviors and self-perceived attractiveness, the Perceived Relationship Quality Components (PRQC) Inventory, the Sex Drive Scale (SDQ), and the Importance of Partner's Physical Attractiveness Scale (IPPAS). For those currently involved in a relationship, results suggested that extradyadic behaviors (both suffered or inflicted) are linked with current low relationship quality and high sexual desire in the present. In addition, individuals who perceived themselves as being more attractive tended to have a higher sexual desire and higher relationship quality. Overall, men reported higher levels of extradyadic behaviors and sexual desire, gave more importance to physical attractiveness, and perceived their current relationship as having less quality than women. These results add to the literature by focusing on different variables that play an important role in romantic relationships, and have important implications.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2563826-9
    ISSN 1664-1078
    ISSN 1664-1078
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02554
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: As trials go by: Effects of 2-AFC item repetition on statistical learning performance.

    Soares, Ana Paula / França, Tiago / Gutiérrez-Domínguez, Francisco-Javier / Sousa, Inês / Oliveira, Helena M

    Canadian journal of experimental psychology = Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale

    2022  Volume 77, Issue 1, Page(s) 57–72

    Abstract: One of the most popular tasks used to test statistical learning (SL) involves asking participants to identify which of two stimuli, a triplet presented during the previous familiarization phase versus a new sequence made of the same stimuli never ... ...

    Abstract One of the most popular tasks used to test statistical learning (SL) involves asking participants to identify which of two stimuli, a triplet presented during the previous familiarization phase versus a new sequence made of the same stimuli never presented together, is more familiar based on the stream presented before, that is, to perform a two-alternative forced-choice (2-AFC) task. Despite the widespread use of this task, it has come under increasing criticism in current cognitive research due to psychometric flaws. A common practice to improve SL measurement involves increasing the number of 2-AFC trials by presenting the same items (triplets and foils) several times during the test phase. This work aimed to directly analyze the effect that this practice entails by examining how the proportion of correct discriminations of three-syllable nonsense words presented during the familiarization phase of an auditory triplet embedded task changed as the number of 2-AFC item repetitions increased. We also tested whether this effect was modulated by the predictability of the "words" embedded in the auditory streams (high and low) and the conditions under which they were presented to participants (implicit and explicit). Results showed that 2-AFC item repetitions had indeed detrimental effects on SL measurement, as indexed by a significant decrease in the proportion of correct discriminations as the number of items repetitions increased, both in the 2-AFC task performed under implicit and explicit conditions, although, in the first case, only for low-predictable "words." These findings recommend caution when using this strategy to improve SL measurement. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Learning ; Psychometrics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-04
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1150203-4
    ISSN 1878-7290 ; 0008-4255 ; 1196-1961
    ISSN (online) 1878-7290
    ISSN 0008-4255 ; 1196-1961
    DOI 10.1037/cep0000290
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 952: Show issues Location:
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    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
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  3. Article ; Online: Associative strength or gist extraction: Which matters when DRM lists have two critical lures?

    Oliveira, Helena M / Albuquerque, Pedro B / Saraiva, Magda

    Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)

    2018  Volume 72, Issue 3, Page(s) 570–578

    Abstract: The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm is often used in the study of false memories. This paradigm typically uses lists of words associated with one critical lure. The primary objective of our study was to understand the production of false memories ...

    Abstract The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm is often used in the study of false memories. This paradigm typically uses lists of words associated with one critical lure. The primary objective of our study was to understand the production of false memories using the DRM paradigm when lists of words are associated with two critical lures. Three experiments were performed, and it was observed that the critical lures associated with the first set were significantly more frequently recalled than the critical lures associated with the second set. This result was verified when the words were presented in descending order of association with the critical lure (Experiment 1), when the words of the second set were presented in ascending order of association with the critical lure (Experiment 2), and when all the words in the list had the same associative strength (Experiment 3). Results are explained by the activation/monitoring and fuzzy-trace theories.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Association ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Recall ; Psycholinguistics ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 219170-2
    ISSN 1747-0226 ; 0033-555X ; 1747-0218
    ISSN (online) 1747-0226
    ISSN 0033-555X ; 1747-0218
    DOI 10.1177/1747021818761002
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 1109: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  4. Article: Learning Words While Listening to Syllables: Electrophysiological Correlates of Statistical Learning in Children and Adults.

    Soares, Ana Paula / Gutiérrez-Domínguez, Francisco-Javier / Lages, Alexandrina / Oliveira, Helena M / Vasconcelos, Margarida / Jiménez, Luis

    Frontiers in human neuroscience

    2022  Volume 16, Page(s) 805723

    Abstract: From an early age, exposure to a spoken language has allowed us to implicitly capture the structure underlying the succession of speech sounds in that language and to segment it into meaningful units (words). Statistical learning (SL), the ability to ... ...

    Abstract From an early age, exposure to a spoken language has allowed us to implicitly capture the structure underlying the succession of speech sounds in that language and to segment it into meaningful units (words). Statistical learning (SL), the ability to pick up patterns in the sensory environment without intention or reinforcement, is thus assumed to play a central role in the acquisition of the rule-governed aspects of language, including the discovery of word boundaries in the continuous acoustic stream. Although extensive evidence has been gathered from artificial languages experiments showing that children and adults are able to track the regularities embedded in the auditory input, as the probability of one syllable to follow another syllable in the speech stream, the developmental trajectory of this ability remains controversial. In this work, we have collected Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) while 5-year-old children and young adults (university students) were exposed to a speech stream made of the repetition of eight three-syllable nonsense words presenting different levels of predictability (high vs. low) to mimic closely what occurs in natural languages and to get new insights into the changes that the mechanisms underlying auditory statistical learning (aSL) might undergo through the development. The participants performed the aSL task first under implicit and, subsequently, under explicit conditions to further analyze if children take advantage of previous knowledge of the to-be-learned regularities to enhance SL, as observed with the adult participants. These findings would also contribute to extend our knowledge of the mechanisms available to assist SL at each developmental stage. Although behavioral signs of learning, even under explicit conditions, were only observed for the adult participants, ERP data showed evidence of online segmentation in the brain in both groups, as indexed by modulations in the N100 and N400 components. A detailed analysis of the neural data suggests, however, that adults and children rely on different mechanisms to assist the extraction of word-like units from the continuous speech stream, hence supporting the view that SL with auditory linguistic materials changes through development.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2425477-0
    ISSN 1662-5161
    ISSN 1662-5161
    DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2022.805723
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Explicit Instructions Do Not Enhance Auditory Statistical Learning in Children With Developmental Language Disorder: Evidence From Event-Related Potentials.

    Soares, Ana Paula / Gutiérrez-Domínguez, Francisco-Javier / Oliveira, Helena M / Lages, Alexandrina / Guerra, Natália / Pereira, Ana Rita / Tomé, David / Lousada, Marisa

    Frontiers in psychology

    2022  Volume 13, Page(s) 905762

    Abstract: A current issue in psycholinguistic research is whether the language difficulties exhibited by children with developmental language disorder [DLD, previously labeled specific language impairment (SLI)] are due to deficits in their abilities to pick up ... ...

    Abstract A current issue in psycholinguistic research is whether the language difficulties exhibited by children with developmental language disorder [DLD, previously labeled specific language impairment (SLI)] are due to deficits in their abilities to pick up patterns in the sensory environment, an ability known as statistical learning (SL), and the extent to which explicit learning mechanisms can be used to compensate for those deficits. Studies designed to test the compensatory role of explicit learning mechanisms in children with DLD are, however, scarce, and the few conducted so far have led to inconsistent results. This work aimed to provide new insights into the role that explicit learning mechanisms might play on implicit learning deficits in children with DLD by resorting to a new approach. This approach involved not only the collection of event-related potentials (ERPs), while preschool children with DLD [relative to typical language developmental (TLD) controls] were exposed to a continuous auditory stream made of the repetition of three-syllable nonsense words but, importantly, the collection of ERPs when the same children performed analogous versions of the same auditory SL task first under incidental (implicit) and afterward under intentional (explicit) conditions. In each of these tasks, the level of predictability of the three-syllable nonsense words embedded in the speech streams was also manipulated (high vs. low) to mimic natural languages closely. At the end of both tasks' exposure phase, children performed a two-alternative forced-choice (2-AFC) task from which behavioral evidence of SL was obtained. Results from the 2-AFC tasks failed to show reliable signs of SL in both groups of children. The ERPs data showed, however, significant modulations in the N100 and N400 components, taken as neural signatures of word segmentation in the brain, even though a detailed analysis of the neural responses revealed that only children from the TLD group seem to have taken advantage of the previous knowledge to enhance SL functioning. These results suggest that children with DLD showed deficits both in implicit and explicit learning mechanisms, casting doubts on the efficiency of the interventions relying on explicit instructions to help children with DLD to overcome their language difficulties.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2563826-9
    ISSN 1664-1078
    ISSN 1664-1078
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.905762
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Not All Words Are Equally Acquired: Transitional Probabilities and Instructions Affect the Electrophysiological Correlates of Statistical Learning.

    Soares, Ana Paula / Gutiérrez-Domínguez, Francisco-Javier / Vasconcelos, Margarida / Oliveira, Helena M / Tomé, David / Jiménez, Luis

    Frontiers in human neuroscience

    2020  Volume 14, Page(s) 577991

    Abstract: Statistical learning (SL), the process of extracting regularities from the environment, is a fundamental skill of our cognitive system to structure the world regularly and predictably. SL has been studied using mainly behavioral tasks under implicit ... ...

    Abstract Statistical learning (SL), the process of extracting regularities from the environment, is a fundamental skill of our cognitive system to structure the world regularly and predictably. SL has been studied using mainly behavioral tasks under implicit conditions and with triplets presenting the same level of difficulty, i.e., a mean transitional probability (TP) of 1.00. Yet, the neural mechanisms underlying SL under other learning conditions remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the neurofunctional correlates of SL using triplets (i.e., three-syllable nonsense words) with a mean TP of 1.00 (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2425477-0
    ISSN 1662-5161
    ISSN 1662-5161
    DOI 10.3389/fnhum.2020.577991
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Fungi from a Groundwater-Fed Drinking Water Supply System in Brazil.

    Oliveira, Helena M B / Santos, Cledir / Paterson, R Russell M / Gusmão, Norma B / Lima, Nelson

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2016  Volume 13, Issue 3

    Abstract: Filamentous fungi in drinking water distribution systems are known to (a) block water pipes; (b) cause organoleptic biodeterioration; (c) act as pathogens or allergens and (d) cause mycotoxin contamination. Yeasts might also cause problems. This study ... ...

    Abstract Filamentous fungi in drinking water distribution systems are known to (a) block water pipes; (b) cause organoleptic biodeterioration; (c) act as pathogens or allergens and (d) cause mycotoxin contamination. Yeasts might also cause problems. This study describes the occurrence of several fungal species in a water distribution system supplied by groundwater in Recife-Pernambuco, Brazil. Water samples were collected from four sampling sites from which fungi were recovered by membrane filtration. The numbers in all sampling sites ranged from 5 to 207 colony forming units (CFU)/100 mL with a mean value of 53 CFU/100 mL. In total, 859 isolates were identified morphologically, with Aspergillus and Penicillium the most representative genera (37% and 25% respectively), followed by Trichoderma and Fusarium (9% each), Curvularia (5%) and finally the species Pestalotiopsis karstenii (2%). Ramichloridium and Leptodontium were isolated and are black yeasts, a group that include emergent pathogens. The drinking water system in Recife may play a role in fungal dissemination, including opportunistic pathogens.
    MeSH term(s) Brazil ; Drinking Water/microbiology ; Fungi/isolation & purification ; Groundwater/microbiology ; Water Microbiology ; Water Supply
    Chemical Substances Drinking Water
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-03-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1660-4601
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph13030304
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Filamentous fungi in drinking water, particularly in relation to biofilm formation.

    Siqueira, Virgínia M / Oliveira, Helena M B / Santos, Cledir / Paterson, R Russell M / Gusmão, Norma B / Lima, Nelson

    International journal of environmental research and public health

    2011  Volume 8, Issue 2, Page(s) 456–469

    Abstract: The presence of filamentous fungi in drinking water has become an area worthy of investigation with various studies now being published. The problems associated with fungi include blockage of water pipes, organoleptic deterioration, pathogenic fungi and ... ...

    Abstract The presence of filamentous fungi in drinking water has become an area worthy of investigation with various studies now being published. The problems associated with fungi include blockage of water pipes, organoleptic deterioration, pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins. Fungal biofilm formation is a less developed field of study. This paper updates the topic and introduces novel methods on fungal biofilm analysis, particularly from work based in Brazil. Further recommendations for standard methodology are provided.
    MeSH term(s) Biofilms ; Mitosporic Fungi/isolation & purification ; Mitosporic Fungi/physiology ; Water Microbiology ; Water Pollution ; Water Supply/standards
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-02-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2175195-X
    ISSN 1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
    ISSN (online) 1660-4601
    ISSN 1661-7827
    DOI 10.3390/ijerph8020456
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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