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  1. Article ; Online: Assessment of Blood Pressure in Irradiated Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta).

    Achilles, Stephanie / Olson, John D / Dugan, Gregory O / Mark Cline, J

    Radiation research

    2023  Volume 200, Issue 1, Page(s) 13–20

    Abstract: There is increasing evidence that circulatory disease incidence and mortality is associated with radiation exposure. Wake Forest School of Medicine is home to a unique cohort of total-body irradiated macaques, some with evidence of vascular end-organ ... ...

    Abstract There is increasing evidence that circulatory disease incidence and mortality is associated with radiation exposure. Wake Forest School of Medicine is home to a unique cohort of total-body irradiated macaques, some with evidence of vascular end-organ disease in the brain, kidney and heart. Because there is a link between high blood pressure and vascular disease in all these sites, we undertook a retrospective study to evaluate blood pressure and radiation in this cohort of animals. In this work, we utilized a cohort of nonhuman primates (rhesus macaques, Macaca mulatta) long-term survivors of high-dose total-body irradiation (1.1-8.5 Gy, N = 129) and controls (N = 37) to evaluate the effects of radiation on blood pressure and obesity. Subjects were between 3 and 22 years of age (median 9 years). Blood pressure (BP) was measured 1-14 years postirradiation (median 4 years). Subjects were sedated with a combination of ketamine HCl (15 mg/kg body weight, IM) and midazolam (0.1 mg/kg body weight, IM) and systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures were measured using a high definition oscillometer. Obesity was defined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry as a body fat percentage >35%. Statistical analysis of the collected data indicated significant increases in blood pressure with increasing age and obesity. However, radiation did not significantly alter blood pressure in irradiated animals relative to controls, radiation dose, or age of irradiation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Macaca mulatta/physiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Body Weight/radiation effects ; Obesity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 80322-4
    ISSN 1938-5404 ; 0033-7587
    ISSN (online) 1938-5404
    ISSN 0033-7587
    DOI 10.1667/RADE-22-00117.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book: Quality in laboratory hemostasis and thrombosis

    Kitchen, Steve / Olson, John D. / Preston, F. Eric

    2009  

    Author's details Steve Kitchen ; John D. Olson ; F. Eric Preston
    Keywords Hemostatic Techniques ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited / diagnosis ; Thrombophilia / diagnosis ; Anticoagulants ; Blood Coagulation Factors ; Blood coagulation disorders/Diagnosis ; Blood/Analysis ; Hemostasis ; Thrombosis
    Subject code 616.157075
    Language English
    Size XII, 215 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., 26cm
    Publisher Wiley-Blackwell
    Publishing place Oxford u.a.
    Publishing country Great Britain
    Document type Book
    Note Includes bibliographical references and index. - Formerly CIP
    HBZ-ID HT015904414
    ISBN 1-4051-6803-X ; 978-1-4051-6803-8
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  3. Article ; Online: Longitudinal Analysis of Leukocyte Total and Differential Count of Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) after Total-Body Irradiation.

    Chino, Yuiko / Olson, John D / Schaaf, George W / Cline, J Mark / Johnson, Thomas E

    Radiation research

    2023  Volume 200, Issue 4, Page(s) 349–356

    Abstract: Archival data of leukocyte count and the differentials obtained from control and irradiated Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) were statistically analyzed to understand the long-term effect of ionizing radiation exposure. Nine animals received total-body ... ...

    Abstract Archival data of leukocyte count and the differentials obtained from control and irradiated Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) were statistically analyzed to understand the long-term effect of ionizing radiation exposure. Nine animals received total-body irradiation (TBI) of 7.2-8.4 Gy at 3-4 years old. Twelve animals served as age-matched controls with no radiation exposure. The complete blood cell count dataset was obtained during regular health exams every 2-6 months for 8 years from their age of 8 to 17 years old. Linear mixed models for leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts and their percentages were successfully developed. Estimated marginal means calculated based on the models revealed statistically significant elevations in leukocyte and neutrophil counts and neutrophil percentages in irradiated animals compared to the controls. Lymphocyte percentage was significantly lower in irradiated animals. Longitudinal trends for both control and irradiated animals were consistent with expected trends of aging in hematopoiesis, which is skewed towards production of myeloid lineage cells such as neutrophils and monocytes rather than lymphoid cells. Longitudinal trends from irradiated animals suggested the age-related increase in neutrophils and decrease in lymphocytes were stronger than in the controls, although the difference did not reach statistical significance. The mechanism of the long-term effects in the hematopoietic system were not investigated. However, the results suggest ionizing radiation causes long-term effects on some of the factors implicated in hematopoietic aging, possibly inducing early-onset or accelerated aging in the hematopoietic system. Extended analysis with observations including before and after the follow-up period in this study will be beneficial to understand the timeline and features of the long-term response.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80322-4
    ISSN 1938-5404 ; 0033-7587
    ISSN (online) 1938-5404
    ISSN 0033-7587
    DOI 10.1667/RADE-23-00072.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: D-dimer: An Overview of Hemostasis and Fibrinolysis, Assays, and Clinical Applications.

    Olson, John D

    Advances in clinical chemistry

    2015  Volume 69, Page(s) 1–46

    Abstract: D-dimer is the smallest fibrinolysis-specific degradation product found in the circulation. The origins, assays, and clinical use of D-dimer will be addressed. Hemostasis (platelet and vascular function, coagulation, fibrinolysis, hemostasis) is briefly ... ...

    Abstract D-dimer is the smallest fibrinolysis-specific degradation product found in the circulation. The origins, assays, and clinical use of D-dimer will be addressed. Hemostasis (platelet and vascular function, coagulation, fibrinolysis, hemostasis) is briefly reviewed. D-dimer assays are reviewed. The D-dimer is very sensitive to intravascular thrombus and may be markedly elevated in disseminated intravascular coagulation, acute aortic dissection, and pulmonary embolus. Because of its exquisite sensitivity, negative tests are useful in the exclusion venous thromboembolism. Elevations occur in normal pregnancy, rising two- to fourfold by delivery. D-dimer also rises with age, limiting its use in those >80 years old. There is a variable rise in D-dimer in active malignancy and indicates increased thrombosis risk in active disease. Elevated D-dimer following anticoagulation for a thrombotic event indicates increased risk of recurrent thrombosis. These and other issues are addressed.
    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biomarkers/blood ; Blood Specimen Collection ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/blood ; Female ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/analysis ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products/physiology ; Fibrinolysin/metabolism ; Fibrinolysis ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Plasminogen/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Venous Thromboembolism/blood
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; fibrin fragment D ; Plasminogen (9001-91-6) ; Fibrinolysin (EC 3.4.21.7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 210505-6
    ISSN 0065-2423
    ISSN 0065-2423
    DOI 10.1016/bs.acc.2014.12.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Measurement of renal cortical fibrosis by CT scan.

    Olson, John D / Tooze, Janet A / Bourland, Daniel J / Cline, J Mark / Faria, Eduardo B / Cohen, Eric P

    Research in diagnostic and interventional imaging

    2023  Volume 5

    Abstract: Rationale and objectives: The accurate, non-invasive, and rapid measurement of renal cortical fibrosis is needed for well-defined benchmarks of permanent injury and for use of anti-fibrotic agents. It is also needed for non-invasive and rapid assessment ...

    Abstract Rationale and objectives: The accurate, non-invasive, and rapid measurement of renal cortical fibrosis is needed for well-defined benchmarks of permanent injury and for use of anti-fibrotic agents. It is also needed for non-invasive and rapid assessment of the chronicity of human renal diseases.
    Materials and methods: We have used a non-human primate model of radiation nephropathy to develop a novel method of size-corrected CT imaging to quantify renal cortical fibrosis.
    Results: Our method has an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.96, which is superior to any other non-invasive method of measuring renal fibrosis.
    Conclusion: Our method is suitable for immediate translation to human clinical renal diseases.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2772-6525
    ISSN (online) 2772-6525
    DOI 10.1016/j.redii.2023.100024
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Dose-Dependent Testicular Injury and Recovery after Total-Body Irradiation in Rhesus Monkeys.

    Schaaf, George W / Olson, John D / Dugan, Greg O / Pray, Betsy A / Cleary, Jacob A / Cline, J Mark

    Radiation research

    2023  Volume 200, Issue 4, Page(s) 321–330

    Abstract: Testicular injury is a well-documented acute effect of radiation exposure, though little is known about recovery years after irradiation, especially at higher doses. We examined the testes from 143 irradiated and control male rhesus monkeys, who were ... ...

    Abstract Testicular injury is a well-documented acute effect of radiation exposure, though little is known about recovery years after irradiation, especially at higher doses. We examined the testes from 143 irradiated and control male rhesus monkeys, who were part of the Radiation Late Effects Cohort over a four-year period. Irradiated animals were exposed to doses ranging from 3.5 to 8.5 Gy of total-body irradiation. The testes were assessed using computed tomography (CT) volumetry, serum testosterone, and histology for deceased members of the cohort. Irradiated animals exhibited dose-dependent testicular atrophy as well as decreased serum testosterone during the winter breeding season when compared to age-matched unirradiated controls. No significant difference in summer testosterone levels was observed. Volumetric and histologic evidence of testicular recovery was present approximately three years postirradiation for animals who received ≤8 Gy. The study demonstrates dose-dependent testicular injury after total-body irradiation and provides evidence for volumetric and spermatogonial recovery even at lethal doses of total-body irradiation in rhesus monkeys.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Male ; Macaca mulatta ; Testis/radiation effects ; Spermatogonia/radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Testosterone
    Chemical Substances Testosterone (3XMK78S47O)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 80322-4
    ISSN 1938-5404 ; 0033-7587
    ISSN (online) 1938-5404
    ISSN 0033-7587
    DOI 10.1667/RADE-23-00008.1.S1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: A New Method for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate in Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta).

    Tomasino, Allison M / Olson, John D / Schaaf, George W / Cox, Anderson O / Furdui, Cristina M / Cline, J Mark / Cohen, Eric P

    Radiation research

    2023  Volume 200, Issue 6, Page(s) 548–555

    Abstract: Late effects of total- or partial-body irradiation include chronic kidney injury (CKI), which increases morbidity and mortality. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the gold standard measure of kidney function. Renal function markers, such as blood urea ... ...

    Abstract Late effects of total- or partial-body irradiation include chronic kidney injury (CKI), which increases morbidity and mortality. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the gold standard measure of kidney function. Renal function markers, such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr), may not be higher than reference ranges until 50% or more of nephrons are affected. Currently available methods to measure GFR are difficult and expensive, requiring multiple blood draws or timed urine collections, but their use can provide a framework for the development of simpler GFR estimates. The measurement of iohexol clearance is a validated tool used to determine GFR in veterinary patients. In this study, we aimed to determine if the Schwartz formula as used in human pediatric medicine can estimate GFR in rhesus macaques. We hypothesized that iohexol-GFR would correlate with the Schwartz formula-estimated GFR (eGFR) in irradiated and non-irradiated rhesus macaques. Twelve rhesus macaques [age 5-14 years (mean 7 years); 5 females, 7 males] with a range of BUN levels were selected for comparison to 4 non-irradiated controls (2 females, 2 males). Irradiated animals were divided by BUN into 3 groups: BUN ≤20 mg/dL (n = 4), BUN >20-24 mg/dL (n = 4), and BUN ≥25 mg/dL (n = 4). Baseline serum chemistry and urinalysis were used to assess renal function. For measurement of GFR, macaques were maintained under general anesthesia and received an intravenous injection of iohexol (2 mL/kg, 300 mg I/mL). Whole blood was collected at 10, 30, 60 and 90 min post-iohexol injection. Plasma iohexol concentrations were determined by mass spectrometry. GFR was calculated from the peak iohexol concentration and trapezoidal area under the curve (tAUC). The iohexol-GFR significantly correlated with the Schwartz formula-eGFR. In macaques with renal irradiation doses below 6 Gy, GFR was higher for males than females. GFR was lower in macaques with renal irradiation doses greater than 6 Gy compared to macaques with renal doses less than 6 Gy. We conclude that use of the Schwartz formula can provide a rapid, non-invasive, cost-effective, and accurate estimation of GFR to aid in the clinical assessment of renal function in irradiated rhesus macaques.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Child ; Female ; Animals ; Child, Preschool ; Adolescent ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Macaca mulatta ; Iohexol ; Kidney Function Tests/methods ; Kidney
    Chemical Substances Iohexol (4419T9MX03)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80322-4
    ISSN 1938-5404 ; 0033-7587
    ISSN (online) 1938-5404
    ISSN 0033-7587
    DOI 10.1667/RADE-23-00062.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Quantitative Assessment and Comparative Analysis of Longitudinal Lung CT Scans of Chest-Irradiated Nonhuman Primates.

    Thakur, Priyanka / Olson, John D / Dugan, Gregory O / Bourland, J Daniel / Kock, Nancy D / Cline, J Mark

    Radiation research

    2022  Volume 199, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–47

    Abstract: Computed tomography (CT) imaging has been used to diagnose radiation-induced lung injury for decades. However, histogram-based quantitative tools have rarely been applied to assess lung abnormality due to radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). Here, we ... ...

    Abstract Computed tomography (CT) imaging has been used to diagnose radiation-induced lung injury for decades. However, histogram-based quantitative tools have rarely been applied to assess lung abnormality due to radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). Here, we used first-order summary statistics to derive and assess threshold measures extracted from whole lung histograms of CT radiodensity in rhesus macaques. For the present study, CT scans of animals exposed to 10 Gy of whole thorax irradiation were utilized from a previous study spanning 2-9 months postirradiation. These animals were grouped into survivors and non-survivors based on their clinical and experimental endpoints. We quantified the change in lung attenuation after irradiation relative to baseline using three density parameters; average lung density (ALD), percent change in hyper-dense lung volume (PCHV), hyperdense volume as a percent of total volume (PCHV/TV) at 2-month intervals and compared each parameter between the two irradiated groups (non-survivors and survivors). We also correlated our results with histological findings. All the three indices (ALD, PCHV, PCHV/TV) obtained from density histograms showed a significant increase in lung injury in non-survivors relative to survivors, with PCHV relatively more sensitive to detect early RILI changes. We observed a significant positive correlation between histologic pneumonitis scores and each of the three CT measurements, indicating that CT density is useful as a surrogate for histologic disease severity in RILI. CT-based three density parameters, ALD, PCHV, PCHV/TV, may serve as surrogates for likely histopathology patterns in future studies of RILI disease progression.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Lung Injury/pathology ; Macaca mulatta ; Lung/radiation effects ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; Radiation Injuries/pathology ; Thorax
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 80322-4
    ISSN 1938-5404 ; 0033-7587
    ISSN (online) 1938-5404
    ISSN 0033-7587
    DOI 10.1667/RADE-21-00225.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Total-Body Irradiation Alters White Matter Volume and Microstructural Integrity in Rhesus Macaques.

    Johnson, Brendan J / Barcus, Richard A / Olson, John D / Lipford, Megan E / Andrews, Rachel N / Dugan, Greg O / Tooze, Janet A / Kim, Jeongchul / Deycmar, Simon / Whitlow, Christopher T / Cline, J Mark

    International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

    2023  Volume 119, Issue 1, Page(s) 208–218

    Abstract: Purpose: Long-term survivors of brain irradiation can experience irreversible injury and cognitive impairment. T1-weighted and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to evaluate brain volume and white matter (WM) microstructure in ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Long-term survivors of brain irradiation can experience irreversible injury and cognitive impairment. T1-weighted and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to evaluate brain volume and white matter (WM) microstructure in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative conditions. The goal of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of single-dose total-body irradiation (TBI) or TBI with 5% partial-body sparing on brain volumetrics and WM integrity in macaques.
    Methods and materials: We used MRI scans from a cohort of male rhesus macaques (age range, 3.6-22.8 years) to compare global and regional brain volumes and WM diffusion in survivors of TBI (T1-weighted, n = 137; diffusion tensor imaging, n = 121; dose range, 3.5-10 Gy) with unirradiated controls (T1-weighted, n = 48; diffusion tensor imaging, n = 38).
    Results: In all regions of interest, radiation affected age-related changes in fractional anisotropy, which tended to increase across age in both groups but to a lesser extent in the irradiated group (interaction P < .01). Depending on the region of interest, mean diffusivity decreased or remained the same across age in unirradiated animals, whereas it increased or did not change in irradiated animals. The increases in mean diffusivity were driven by changes in radial diffusivity, which followed similar trends across age. Axial diffusivity did not differ by irradiation status. Age-related changes in relative volumes in controls reflected normal trends in humans, with increasing WM and decreasing gray matter until middle age. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume did not differ across age in controls. WM volume was lower and CSF volume was higher in young irradiated macaques. WM volume was similar between groups, and CSF volume lower in older irradiated macaques. Gray matter volume was unaffected by radiation.
    Conclusions: TBI results in delayed WM expansion and long-term disruption of WM integrity. Diffusion changes suggest that myelin injury in WM is a hallmark of late-delayed radiation-induced brain injury.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Middle Aged ; Animals ; Male ; Aged ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; White Matter/pathology ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging/methods ; Macaca mulatta ; Brain/pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 197614-x
    ISSN 1879-355X ; 0360-3016
    ISSN (online) 1879-355X
    ISSN 0360-3016
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.11.014
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Assessing cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) using a hypercapnic challenge and pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL).

    Johnson, Brendan J / Lipford, Megan E / Barcus, Richard A / Olson, John D / Schaaf, George W / Andrews, Rachel N / Kim, Jeongchul / Dugan, Greg O / Deycmar, Simon / Reed, Colin A / Whitlow, Christopher T / Cline, J Mark

    NeuroImage

    2023  Volume 285, Page(s) 120491

    Abstract: Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is a measure of cerebral small vessels' ability to respond to changes in metabolic demand and can be quantified using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) coupled with a vasoactive stimulus. Reduced CVR occurs with ... ...

    Abstract Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is a measure of cerebral small vessels' ability to respond to changes in metabolic demand and can be quantified using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) coupled with a vasoactive stimulus. Reduced CVR occurs with neurodegeneration and is associated with cognitive decline. While commonly measured in humans, few studies have evaluated CVR in animal models. Herein, we describe methods to induce hypercapnia in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) under gas anesthesia to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) and CVR using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL). Fifteen (13 M, 2 F) adult rhesus macaques underwent pCASL imaging that included a baseline segment (100% O
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Animals ; Humans ; Macaca mulatta ; Hypercapnia/diagnostic imaging ; Carbon Dioxide ; Spin Labels ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology
    Chemical Substances Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J) ; Spin Labels
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1147767-2
    ISSN 1095-9572 ; 1053-8119
    ISSN (online) 1095-9572
    ISSN 1053-8119
    DOI 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120491
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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