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  1. Article ; Online: Effect of self-perceived oral habits on orofacial dysfunction and oral health-related quality of life among a group of Egyptian children: a cohort study.

    Abd-Elsabour, M A A A / Hanafy, R M H / Omar, O M

    European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry

    2022  

    Abstract: Purpose: This study aims to investigate the relationship between OHRQoL and orofacial dysfunction in children practicing oral habits.: Methods: Thirty Egyptian Children, aged from five to seven years, practicing oral habits (habit practicing/exposed ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: This study aims to investigate the relationship between OHRQoL and orofacial dysfunction in children practicing oral habits.
    Methods: Thirty Egyptian Children, aged from five to seven years, practicing oral habits (habit practicing/exposed group), were examined for orofacial dysfunction using Nordic Orofacial Test-Screen (NOT-S). Their parents were asked to fill 8-item Parental-Caregiver Perception Questionnaire (P-CPQ), translated to Arabic, as an assessment tool for their children's OHRQoL. The scores of the habit practicing group were compared to those obtained from another 30 children with matched criteria not practicing oral habits (habit free/ control group).
    Results: Children in the exposure group showed higher total NOT-S score (median 3, range 1-5) and higher P-CPQ (median 6, range 1-16) than the control group (median 0.5, range 0-2) and (median 4, range 1-8), with a statistical significance (p = 0.00, p = 0.014), respectively. A statistically significant moderate positive correlation was found between OHRQoL and orofacial dysfunction in the habit practicing group, (R = 0.384, p = 0.036). The exposure group was found to be 7.4 and 1.5 times the control group in developing orofacial dysfunction, and having inferior OHRQoL, respectively.
    Conclusion: An existing association between the degree of orofacial dysfunction and OHRQoL in children practicing oral habit(s) is suggested.
    Trial registration number: NCT04575792, date of registration: 26/9/2020, first posted (approved): 5/10/2020.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2472851-2
    ISSN 1996-9805 ; 1818-6300
    ISSN (online) 1996-9805
    ISSN 1818-6300
    DOI 10.1007/s40368-022-00740-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Jaw bones' involvement and dental features of type I and type III Gaucher disease: a radiographic study of 42 paediatric patients.

    Mohamed, Y S A / Zayet, M K / Omar, O M / El-Beshlawy, A M

    European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry

    2019  Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 241–247

    Abstract: Purpose: Gaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by an autosomal recessive inherited deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase. The aim of this study is to describe jaw bones' involvement and dental radiographic features ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Gaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by an autosomal recessive inherited deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase. The aim of this study is to describe jaw bones' involvement and dental radiographic features in paediatric Gaucher disease patients (type I and type III).
    Methods: The study population of this case-control study included: 42 Gaucher patients (study group) and 84 medically free children (control group). The radiographic images of both groups were analysed for the following findings: generalised bone rarefaction, localised rarefaction and enlarged bone marrow spaces, thinning of cortex, pseudocystic radiolucent lesions, anodontia and dental anomalies. Dental age assessment of Gaucher patients using the Demirjian's method was also performed.
    Results: Generalised rarefaction showed almost similar percentages in both types of Gaucher disease cases. Localised rarefaction was noted in 30.77% and 18.75% of Gaucher disease type III and type I, respectively. Pseudocystic radiolucent lesions, thinning of cortex, anodontia and dental anomalies were more prevalent in type III Gaucher patients. The mean chronological and mean dental ages in both sexes of Gaucher patients were not statistically significant.
    Conclusion: Thinning of cortex, localised rarefaction and generalised rarefaction are the most common jaw bone findings in Gaucher patients.
    MeSH term(s) Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Female ; Gaucher Disease ; Humans ; Male
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2472851-2
    ISSN 1996-9805 ; 1818-6300
    ISSN (online) 1996-9805
    ISSN 1818-6300
    DOI 10.1007/s40368-019-00471-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Trachoma in Saudi Arabia.

    Tabbara, K F / al-Omar, O M

    Ophthalmic epidemiology

    1997  Volume 4, Issue 3, Page(s) 127–140

    Abstract: Aims & background: The main objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and magnitude of trachoma in Saudi Arabia and to evaluate the factors that play a role in the transmission and severity of the disease.: Methods: The samples ... ...

    Abstract Aims & background: The main objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and magnitude of trachoma in Saudi Arabia and to evaluate the factors that play a role in the transmission and severity of the disease.
    Methods: The samples consisted of a stratified multistage random cluster design that selected defined primary sampling units of 50-60 housing units in both metropolitan and non-metropolitan communities.
    Results: In 1984, evidence of trachoma (active and inactive) was found among 22.2% of the Saudi population and 6.2% of the Saudis had evidence of active trachoma. In addition, 17.4% had conjunctival scarring as a result of old trachoma, and 1.5% had entropion or trichiasis. In 1994, clinical evidence of trachoma (active and inactive) was found among 10.7% of the Saudi population while 2.6% had active trachoma. Conjunctival scarring as a result of healed trachoma was seen in 8.1% and 0.2% had entropion and trichiasis. The prevalence of trachoma in households was directly related to the presence and appearance rating of children in a household, the presence of flies, and the appearance rating of the household itself. An increase in individual risk was found among women who veil and men who use kohl.
    Conclusion: This study has shown a remarkable decrease in the prevalence of active trachoma in Saudi Arabia over the past decade. The findings should serve as a basis for future plans for prevention and intervention.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chlamydia trachomatis ; Conjunctiva/microbiology ; Conjunctiva/pathology ; Cornea/microbiology ; Cornea/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Random Allocation ; Retrospective Studies ; Saudi Arabia/epidemiology ; Severity of Illness Index ; Social Class ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Trachoma/diagnosis ; Trachoma/epidemiology ; Trachoma/transmission
    Language English
    Publishing date 1997-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1213070-9
    ISSN 0928-6586
    ISSN 0928-6586
    DOI 10.3109/09286589709115720
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: The long term effects of unilateral corneal scars.

    Tabbara, K F / Al-Omar, O M / El-Sheikh, H F / Sharara, N

    Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology

    2000  Volume 98, Issue 3, Page(s) 267–272

    Abstract: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term effects of unilateral dense central corneal scars on the axial length and development of lens opacities. We included 12 patients with unilateral dense central corneal scars of early onset ... ...

    Abstract The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term effects of unilateral dense central corneal scars on the axial length and development of lens opacities. We included 12 patients with unilateral dense central corneal scars of early onset before the age of seven years. This study served as naturally-controlled experiment and demonstrated a statistically significant increase in ocular axial length and decrease in the incidence of cataract in the eye with central corneal scar. Visual deprivation induced by unilateral central corneal scars occurring in early childhood leads to increase in the ocular axial length, and decrease in the incidence of cataract.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cataract/diagnostic imaging ; Cataract/etiology ; Cataract/pathology ; Cicatrix/complications ; Cicatrix/diagnostic imaging ; Cicatrix/pathology ; Corneal Opacity/complications ; Corneal Opacity/diagnostic imaging ; Corneal Opacity/pathology ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Ultrasonography ; Visual Acuity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2000-06-22
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
    ZDB-ID 212594-8
    ISSN 1573-2622 ; 0012-4486
    ISSN (online) 1573-2622
    ISSN 0012-4486
    DOI 10.1023/a:1002047913358
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Retrobulbar alcohol injection in blind painful eyes.

    al-Faran, M F / al-Omar, O M

    Annals of ophthalmology

    1990  Volume 22, Issue 12, Page(s) 460–462

    Abstract: We studied 39 blind painful eyes in 39 patients who were treated with retrobulbar injection of absolute (96%) alcohol for their severe ocular pain at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital from January 1984 to January 1987. There were 21 (54%) male and ... ...

    Abstract We studied 39 blind painful eyes in 39 patients who were treated with retrobulbar injection of absolute (96%) alcohol for their severe ocular pain at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital from January 1984 to January 1987. There were 21 (54%) male and 18 (46%) female patients; all were followed for at least three months. The protracted ocular pain was mainly due to: end-stage (absolute) glaucoma in 31 (80%) eyes, uveitis or endophthalmitis in four (10%) eyes, or corneal ulcer in two (5%) eyes. One eye had painful phthisis bulbi, and one eye had infraorbital neuralgia. The complications encountered were transient and included blepharoptosis in eight (21%) eyes, external ophthalmoplegia, and corneal epithelial defect. The effective time of the injection to relieve pain ranged from two weeks to two years (mean, 29 weeks). The authors believe that there is still a place for retrobulbar alcohol injection for blind painful eyes when enucleation or evisceration is not possible.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Blindness/physiopathology ; Ethanol/administration & dosage ; Ethanol/therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain/drug therapy ; Palliative Care
    Chemical Substances Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1990-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80043-0
    ISSN 1558-9951 ; 0003-4886 ; 1530-4086 ; 1079-4794
    ISSN (online) 1558-9951
    ISSN 0003-4886 ; 1530-4086 ; 1079-4794
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Toxoplasmosis in Saudi Arabia.

    Tabbara, K F / Al-Omar, O M / Tawfik, A / Al-Shammary, F

    Saudi medical journal

    1999  Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 46–49

    Abstract: Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. ...

    Abstract Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version.
    Language English
    Publishing date 1999-01
    Publishing country Saudi Arabia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392302-2
    ISSN 1658-3175 ; 0379-5284
    ISSN (online) 1658-3175
    ISSN 0379-5284
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  7. Article: Immunity to schistosomiasis before puberty: humeral or cell mediated.

    Abdel-Fattah, M M / el-Gindy, A E / Hegab, M H / el-Mohammed, F / Shahin, A M / el-Gohary, F / Omar, O M / Khater, N

    Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology

    2001  Volume 31, Issue 1, Page(s) 257–269

    Abstract: To determine if the cell mediated immunity, induced by T-helper type-1 lymphocytes (Th1) response, during schistosomiasis mansoni has the potential to protect against infection, intensities of infections and re-infections, reflected in the egg count were ...

    Abstract To determine if the cell mediated immunity, induced by T-helper type-1 lymphocytes (Th1) response, during schistosomiasis mansoni has the potential to protect against infection, intensities of infections and re-infections, reflected in the egg count were followed up to 20 months among 119 individuals aged 5-22 years (Ys) with different number of previous infections whose yearly levels and pattern of water contact were similar. They were classified into 5 groups. Delayed hypersensitivity skin tests (DHT) to adult schistosome excretory-secretary antigens (ESAgs) and anti-schistosomula (ESAgs) isotypes were measured on detecting re-infection. The group with a mean age of (8.6 +/- 2.6 Ys) and infected less than 5 times showed only 6.5 percentage reduction of the egg count (PREC) and low cellular and humoral responses. Th1-associated cellular (DHT) and antibody responses (IgG2, IgG3) to the five infections were significantly higher in the (13.5 +/- 1.4 Ys) than in (18 +/- 2.2 Ys) age group. This was reflected in significant difference in PREC; being 41.5% among the first and 13.5% among the second. Th2-associated antibody responses (IgG1, IgG4, IgE) went on rising as patients allowed for age and number of infections increased over 5, being significantly higher in the (19 +/- 1.8 Ys) than in (14 +/- 1.1 Ys) age groups with PREC 45.5% and 12.9% respectively. These results imply a substantial protective role for cell mediated immunity in the pre-puberty stage and provide evidence that Th1-based vaccination strategy can work if augmented.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aging/immunology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Helminth/isolation & purification ; Antibody Formation/immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Egypt ; Feces/parasitology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular/immunology ; Male ; Parasite Egg Count ; Puberty/physiology ; Schistosoma mansoni/immunology ; Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Helminth
    Language English
    Publishing date 2001-04
    Publishing country Egypt
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645058-1
    ISSN 1110-0583 ; 0253-5890
    ISSN 1110-0583 ; 0253-5890
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness in the south western region of Saudi Arabia.

    al Faran, M F / al-Rajhi, A A / al-Omar, O M / al-Ghamdi, S A / Jabak, M

    International ophthalmology

    1993  Volume 17, Issue 3, Page(s) 161–165

    Abstract: A population-based survey of the prevalence of major causes of blindness and visual impairment was conducted in Bisha region, Saudi Arabia. Overall, 2882 people were examined. The prevalence of blindness (visual acuity of < 3/60 in the better eye with ... ...

    Abstract A population-based survey of the prevalence of major causes of blindness and visual impairment was conducted in Bisha region, Saudi Arabia. Overall, 2882 people were examined. The prevalence of blindness (visual acuity of < 3/60 in the better eye with best available correction) was 0.7% and the prevalence of visual impairment (visual acuity < 6/12 but > or = 3/60 in the better eye with best available correction) was 10.9%. Cataracts were responsible for 52.6% of blindness and 20.6% of visual impairment. Refractive errors accounted for 67.9% of visual impairment. Proper management of cataracts and correction of refractive errors will cure 73.6% of blind subjects and 88.5% of visually handicap people in this part of the world.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Blindness/epidemiology ; Blindness/etiology ; Cataract/complications ; Cataract/epidemiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Refractive Errors/complications ; Refractive Errors/epidemiology ; Saudi Arabia/epidemiology ; Sex Distribution ; Vision Disorders/epidemiology ; Vision Disorders/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 1993-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 800087-6
    ISSN 1573-2630 ; 0165-5701
    ISSN (online) 1573-2630
    ISSN 0165-5701
    DOI 10.1007/bf00942931
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  9. Article: Heparin surface-modified intraocular lenses in patients with inactive uveitis or diabetes.

    Tabbara, K F / Al-Kaff, A S / Al-Rajhi, A A / Al-Mansouri, S M / Badr, I A / Chavis, P S / Al-Omar, O M

    Ophthalmology

    1998  Volume 105, Issue 5, Page(s) 843–845

    Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to determine whether heparin surface-modified (HSM) intraocular lenses (IOLs) with a hydrophilic surface would reduce cell adherence and other postoperative changes compared with the conventional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) ...

    Abstract Objective: This study aimed to determine whether heparin surface-modified (HSM) intraocular lenses (IOLs) with a hydrophilic surface would reduce cell adherence and other postoperative changes compared with the conventional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) IOLs in patients with either diabetes mellitus or inactive uveitis.
    Design: The study design was a randomized, double-masked, clinical trial.
    Participants: Twenty-five patients with bilateral cataracts, 14 with inactive anterior uveitis and 11 with diabetes, with an age range of 11 to 81 years (mean, 52.8 years) participated.
    Intervention: Bilateral cataract extraction with posterior chamber IOL implantation was measured, each patient receiving an HSM lens in one eye and a PMMA lens in the other. Pharmacia one-piece HSM and PMMA IOLs were used. Postoperative ocular changes were evaluated at regular intervals for 24 months in patients with inactive uveitis and for 6 months in patients with diabetes. Patients and physicians alike were unaware of which eye contained which lens until postoperative results were compiled. Records were kept by a study coordinator.
    Main outcome measures: Comparisons of posterior synechiae, IOL cellular deposits, and posterior capsular fibrosis between PMMA and HSM IOLs were measured.
    Results: Using the chi-square test, no statistically significant difference was found between the HSM and PMMA IOLs in the number of cellular deposits found on the anterior IOL surface, the number of adhesions between the iris and IOL, or the incidence of capsular opacification.
    Conclusion: The HSM and PMMA IOLs showed similar postoperative results in patients with inactive uveitis or diabetes mellitus.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cataract/pathology ; Cataract/prevention & control ; Cataract Extraction ; Cell Adhesion ; Child ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/surgery ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Fibrosis/prevention & control ; Heparin ; Humans ; Iris Diseases/prevention & control ; Lens Capsule, Crystalline/pathology ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Prospective Studies ; Tissue Adhesions/prevention & control ; Uveitis, Anterior/surgery
    Chemical Substances Heparin (9005-49-6) ; Polymethyl Methacrylate (9011-14-7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1998-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 392083-5
    ISSN 1549-4713 ; 0161-6420
    ISSN (online) 1549-4713
    ISSN 0161-6420
    DOI 10.1016/S0161-6420(98)95023-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Ocular levels of azithromycin.

    Tabbara, K F / al-Kharashi, S A / al-Mansouri, S M / al-Omar, O M / Cooper, H / el-Asrar, A M / Foulds, G

    Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)

    1998  Volume 116, Issue 12, Page(s) 1625–1628

    Abstract: Objective: To assess azithromycin levels in human serum, aqueous humor, tear fluid, and conjunctival tissue specimens after administration of a single 1-g oral dose of azithromycin.: Methods: Sixty patients undergoing cataract surgery were included ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To assess azithromycin levels in human serum, aqueous humor, tear fluid, and conjunctival tissue specimens after administration of a single 1-g oral dose of azithromycin.
    Methods: Sixty patients undergoing cataract surgery were included in this analysis. Serum, aqueous, and tear specimens were collected 3, 6, and 12 hours and 1, 2, 3, and 4 days after azithromycin administration. Conjunctival tissue biopsy specimens were collected 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 days after azithromycin administration. All specimens were subjected to analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
    Results: Azithromycin concentration ranges during the specified sampling times were as follows: serum, 21 to 974 ng/mL; tear, 82 to 2892 ng/mL; aqueous, 10 to 69 ng/mL; and conjunctival, 0.7 to 32 micrograms/g. Levels above the 90% minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC90) for Chlamydia trachomatis were detected after 4 days in all tear samples and after 14 days in all conjunctival tissue specimens following oral azithromycin administration.
    Conclusion: We demonstrated prolonged high levels of azithromycin in drug-targeted ocular tissue. Prolonged high concentrations of azithromycin in conjunctival tissue make this drug suitable for treatment of conjunctivitis caused by chlamydiae and other susceptible organisms.
    MeSH term(s) Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics ; Aqueous Humor/metabolism ; Azithromycin/administration & dosage ; Azithromycin/pharmacokinetics ; Cataract Extraction ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Conjunctiva/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Tears/metabolism ; Trachoma/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Azithromycin (83905-01-5)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1998-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 211580-3
    ISSN 1538-3601 ; 0003-9950 ; 0093-0326
    ISSN (online) 1538-3601
    ISSN 0003-9950 ; 0093-0326
    DOI 10.1001/archopht.116.12.1625
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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