LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 445

Search options

Article ; Online: A Generative Approach to Person Reidentification.

Asperti, Andrea / Fiorilla, Salvatore / Orsini, Lorenzo

2024 Volume 24, Issue 4

Abstract: Person Re-identification is the task of recognizing comparable subjects across a network of nonoverlapping cameras. This is typically achieved by extracting from the source image a vector of characteristic features of the specific person captured by the ... ...

Abstract	Person Re-identification is the task of recognizing comparable subjects across a network of nonoverlapping cameras. This is typically achieved by extracting from the source image a vector of characteristic features of the specific person captured by the camera. Learning a good set of robust, invariant and discriminative features is a complex task, often leveraging contrastive learning. In this article, we explore a different approach, learning the representation of an individual as the conditioning information required to generate images of the specific person starting from random noise. In this way we decouple the identity of the individual from any other information relative to a specific instance (pose, background, etc.), allowing interesting transformations from one identity to another. As generative models, we use the recent diffusion models that have already proven their sensibility to conditioning in many different contexts. The results presented in this article serve as a proof-of-concept. While our current performance on common benchmarks is lower than state-of-the-art techniques, the approach is intriguing and rich of innovative insights, suggesting a wide range of potential improvements along various lines of investigation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2052857-7
ISSN	1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
ISSN (online)	1424-8220
ISSN	1424-8220
DOI	10.3390/s24041240
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Article ; Online: Protocol for assay of transposase accessible chromatin sequencing in non-model species.

Kissane, Stephen / Dhandapani, Vignesh / Orsini, Luisa

STAR protocols

2021 Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) 100341

Abstract: The assay for transposase accessible chromatin (ATAC-seq) is a method for mapping genome-wide chromatin accessibility. Coupled with high-throughput sequencing, it enables integrative epigenomics analyses. ATAC-seq requires direct access to cell nuclei, a ...

Abstract	The assay for transposase accessible chromatin (ATAC-seq) is a method for mapping genome-wide chromatin accessibility. Coupled with high-throughput sequencing, it enables integrative epigenomics analyses. ATAC-seq requires direct access to cell nuclei, a major challenge in non-model species such as small invertebrates, whose soft tissue is surrounded by a protective exoskeleton. Here, we present modifications of the ATAC-seq protocol for applications in small crustaceans, extending applications to non-model species. For complete information on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Buenrostro et al. (2013).
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chromatin/genetics ; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing ; Chromosome Mapping ; Daphnia/genetics ; Transposases/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Chromatin ; Transposases (EC 2.7.7.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2666-1667
ISSN (online)	2666-1667
DOI	10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100341
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Historical exposure to chemicals reduces tolerance to novel chemical stress in Daphnia (waterflea).

Abdullahi, Muhammad / Zhou, Jiarui / Dandhapani, Vignesh / Chaturvedi, Anurag / Orsini, Luisa

Molecular ecology

2022 Volume 31, Issue 11, Page(s) 3098–3111

Abstract: Until the last few decades, anthropogenic chemicals used in most production processes have not been comprehensively assessed for their risk and impact on wildlife and humans. They are transported globally and usually end up in the environment as ... ...

Abstract	Until the last few decades, anthropogenic chemicals used in most production processes have not been comprehensively assessed for their risk and impact on wildlife and humans. They are transported globally and usually end up in the environment as unintentional pollutants, causing long-term adverse effects. Modern toxicology practices typically use acute toxicity tests of unrealistic concentrations of chemicals to determine their safe use, missing pathological effects arising from long-term exposures to environmentally relevant concentrations. Here, we study the transgenerational effect of environmentally relevant concentrations of five chemicals on the priority list of international regulatory frameworks on the keystone species Daphnia magna. We expose Daphnia genotypes resurrected from the sedimentary archive of a lake with a known history of chemical pollution to the five chemicals to understand how historical exposure to chemicals influences adaptive responses to novel chemical stress. We measure within- and transgenerational plasticity in fitness-linked life history traits following exposure of "experienced" and "naive" genotypes to novel chemical stress. As the revived Daphnia originate from the same genetic pool sampled at different times in the past, we are able to quantify the long-term evolutionary impact of chemical pollution by studying genome-wide diversity and identifying functional pathways affected by historical chemical stress. Our results suggest that historical exposure to chemical stress causes reduced genome-wide diversity, leading to lower cross-generational tolerance to novel chemical stress. Lower tolerance is underpinned by reduced gene diversity at detoxification, catabolism and endocrine genes in experienced genotypes. We show that these genes sit within pathways that are conserved and potential chemical targets in other species, including humans.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Daphnia/physiology ; Lakes ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
Chemical Substances	Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1126687-9
ISSN	1365-294X ; 0962-1083
ISSN (online)	1365-294X
ISSN	0962-1083
DOI	10.1111/mec.16451
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Z 2005/723: Show issues

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Resurrection of Dormant Daphnia magna: Protocol and Applications.

Cuenca Cambronero, Maria / Orsini, Luisa

Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE

2018 , Issue 131

Abstract: Long-term studies enable the identification of eco-evolutionary processes that occur over extended time periods. In addition, they provide key empirical data that may be used in predictive modelling to forecast evolutionary responses of natural ... ...

Abstract	Long-term studies enable the identification of eco-evolutionary processes that occur over extended time periods. In addition, they provide key empirical data that may be used in predictive modelling to forecast evolutionary responses of natural ecosystems to future environmental changes. However, excluding a few exceptional cases, long-term studies are scarce because of logistic difficulties associated with accessing temporal samples. Temporal dynamics are frequently studied in the laboratory or in controlled mesocosm experiments with exceptional studies that reconstruct the evolution of natural populations in the wild. Here, a standard operating procedure (SOP) is provided to revive or resurrect dormant Daphnia magna, a widespread zooplankton keystone species in aquatic ecosystems, to dramatically advance the state-of-the-art longitudinal data collection in natural systems. The field of Resurrection Ecology was defined in 1999 by Kerfoot and co-workers, even though the first attempts at hatching diapausing zooplankton eggs date back to the late 1980s. Since Kerfoot's seminal paper, the methodology of resurrecting zooplankton species has been increasingly frequently applied, though propagated among laboratories only via direct knowledge transfer. Here, an SOP is described that provides a step-by-step protocol on the practice of resurrecting dormant Daphnia magna eggs. Two key studies are provided in which the fitness response of resurrected Daphnia magna populations to warming is measured, capitalizing on the ability to study historical and modern populations in the same settings. Finally, the application of next generation sequencing technologies to revived or still dormant stages is discussed. These technologies provide unprecedented power in dissecting the processes and mechanisms of evolution if applied to populations that have experienced changes in selection pressure over time.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Daphnia/chemistry ; Daphnia/physiology ; Ecosystem
Language	English
Publishing date	2018--19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Video-Audio Media
ISSN	1940-087X
ISSN (online)	1940-087X
DOI	10.3791/56637
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: Inefficiency of public hospitals: a multistage data envelopment analysis in an Italian region.

Piubello Orsini, Luca / Leardini, Chiara / Vernizzi, Silvia / Campedelli, Bettina

BMC health services research

2021 Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 1281

Abstract: Background: The objective of this study was to assess public hospital efficiency, including quality outputs, inefficiency determinants, and changes to efficiency over time, in an Italian region. To achieve this aim, the study used secondary data from ... ...

Abstract	Background: The objective of this study was to assess public hospital efficiency, including quality outputs, inefficiency determinants, and changes to efficiency over time, in an Italian region. To achieve this aim, the study used secondary data from the Veneto region for the years 2018 and 2019. Methods: A nonparametric approach-that is, multistage data envelopment analysis (DEA)-was applied to a sample of 43 hospitals. We identified three categories of input: capital investments (Beds), labor (FTE), operating expenses. We selected five efficiency outputs (outpatient visits, inpatients, outpatient visit revenue, inpatient revenue, bed occupancy rate) and two quality outputs (mortality rate and inappropriate admission rate). Efficiency scores were estimated and decomposed into two components. Slack analysis was then conducted. Further, DEA efficiency scores were regressed on internal and external variables using a Tobit model. Finally, the Malmquist Productivity Index was applied. Results: On average, the hospitals in the Veneto region operated at more than 95% efficiency. Technical and scale inefficiencies often occurred jointly, with 77% of inefficient hospitals needing a downsizing strategy to gain efficiency. The inputs identified as needing significant reductions were full-time employee (FTE) administrative staff and technicians. The size of the hospital in relation to the size of the population served and the length of patient stay were important factors for the efficiency score. The major cause of decreased efficiency over time was technical change (0.908) rather than efficiency change (0.974). Conclusions: The study reveals improvements that should be made from both the policy and managerial perspectives. Hospital size is an important feature of inefficiency. On average, the results show that it is advisable for hospitals to reorganize nonmedical staff to enhance efficiency. Further, increasing technology investment could enable higher efficiency levels.
MeSH term(s)	Efficiency ; Efficiency, Organizational ; Hospitals, Public ; Humans ; Italy
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1472-6963
ISSN (online)	1472-6963
DOI	10.1186/s12913-021-07276-5
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Full text online

Accessible to users with ZB MED library card

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾
- Full text online
- Order with fees

Article: The Core of Healthcare Efficiency: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Review on Frontier Analysis of Hospitals.

Nepomuceno, Thyago Celso Cavalcante / Piubello Orsini, Luca / de Carvalho, Victor Diogho Heuer / Poleto, Thiago / Leardini, Chiara

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 10, Issue 7

Abstract: Parametric and non-parametric frontier applications are typical for measuring the efficiency and productivity of many healthcare units. Due to the current COVID-19 pandemic, hospital efficiency is the center of academic discussions and the most desired ... ...

Abstract	Parametric and non-parametric frontier applications are typical for measuring the efficiency and productivity of many healthcare units. Due to the current COVID-19 pandemic, hospital efficiency is the center of academic discussions and the most desired target for many public authorities under limited resources. Investigating the state of the art of such applications and methodologies in the healthcare sector, besides uncovering strategical managerial prospects, can expand the scientific knowledge on the fundamental differences among efficiency models, variables and applications, drag research attention to the most attractive and recurrent concepts, and broaden a discussion on the specific theoretical and empirical gaps still to be addressed in future research agendas. This work offers a systematic bibliometric review to explore this complex panorama. Hospital efficiency applications from 1996 to 2022 were investigated from the Web of Science base. We selected 65 from the 203 most prominent works based on the Core Publication methodology. We provide core and general classifications according to the clinical outcome, bibliographic coupling of concepts and keywords highlighting the most relevant perspectives and literature gaps, and a comprehensive discussion of the most attractive literature and insights for building a research agenda in the field.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2721009-1
ISSN	2227-9032
ISSN	2227-9032
DOI	10.3390/healthcare10071316
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article: The role of computed tomography for the prediction of esophageal variceal bleeding: Current status and future perspectives.

Martino, Alberto / Amitrano, Lucio / Guardascione, Marianna / Di Serafino, Marco / Bennato, Raffaele / Martino, Rossana / de Leone, Annalisa / Orsini, Luigi / Romano, Luigia / Lombardi, Giovanni

World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy

2024 Volume 15, Issue 12, Page(s) 681–689

Abstract: Esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) is one of the most common and severe complications related to portal hypertension (PH). Despite marked advances in its management during the last three decades, EVB is still associated with significant morbidity and ... ...

Abstract	Esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) is one of the most common and severe complications related to portal hypertension (PH). Despite marked advances in its management during the last three decades, EVB is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The risk of first EVB is related to the severity of both PH and liver disease, and to the size and endoscopic appearance of esophageal varices. Indeed, hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) are currently recognized as the "gold standard" and the diagnostic reference standard for the prediction of EVB, respectively. However, HVPG is an invasive, expensive, and technically complex procedure, not widely available in clinical practice, whereas EGD is mainly limited by its invasive nature. In this scenario, computed tomography (CT) has been recently proposed as a promising modality for the non-invasive prediction of EVB. Although CT is only a diagnostic modality, thus being not capable of supplanting EGD or HVPG in providing therapeutic and physiological data, it could potentially assist liver disease scores, HVPG, and EGD in a more effective prediction of EVB. However, to date, evidence concerning the role of CT in this setting is still lacking. Our review aimed to summarize and discuss the current evidence concerning the role of CT in predicting the risk of EVB.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2573698-X
ISSN	1948-5190
ISSN	1948-5190
DOI	10.4253/wjge.v15.i12.681
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article ; Online: Value of multidetector computed tomography angiography in severe non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a retrospective study in a referral bleeding unit.

Di Serafino, Marco / Martino, Alberto / Manguso, Francesco / Ronza, Roberto / Zito, Francesco Paolo / Giurazza, Francesco / Pignata, Luca / Orsini, Luigi / Niola, Raffaella / Romano, Luigia / Lombardi, Giovanni

Abdominal radiology (New York)

2024

Abstract: Background: Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common gastroenterological emergency associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is currently recommended as the gold standard modality for both ... ...

Abstract	Background: Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common gastroenterological emergency associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is currently recommended as the gold standard modality for both diagnosis and treatment. As historically played a limited role in the diagnosis of acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding, multidetector-row computed tomography angiography is emerging as a promising tool in the diagnosis of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding, especially for severe cases. However, to date, evidence concerning the role of multidetector-row computed tomography angiography in the non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding diagnosis is still lacking. Aim: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively investigate the diagnostic performance of emergent multidetector-row computed tomography angiography performed prior to any diagnostic modality or following urgent upper endoscopy to identify the status, the site, and the underlying etiology of severe non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods: Institutional databases were reviewed in order to identify severe acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding patients who were admitted to our bleeding unit and were referred for emergent multidetector-row computed tomography angiography prior to any hemostatic treatment (< 3 h) or following (< 3 h) endoscopy, between December 2019 and October 2022. The study aim was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of multidetector-row computed tomography angiography to detect the status, the site, and the etiology of severe non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding with endoscopy, digital subtraction angiography, surgery, pathology, or a combination of them as reference standards. Results: A total of 68 patients (38 men, median age 69 years [range 25-96]) were enrolled. The overall multidetector-row computed tomography angiography sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy to diagnose bleeding status were 77.8% (95% CI: 65.5-87.3), 40% (95% CI: 5.3-85.3), and 75% (95% CI: 63.0-84.7), respectively. Finally, the overall multidetector-row computed tomography angiography sensitivity to identify the bleeding site and the bleeding etiology were 92.4% (95% CI: 83.2-97.5) and 79% (95% CI: 66.8-88.3), respectively. Conclusion: Although esophagogastroduodenoscopy is the mainstay in the diagnosis and treatment of most non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding cases, multidetector-row computed tomography angiography seems to be a feasible and effective modality in detecting the site, the status, and the etiology of severe acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. It may play a crucial role in the management of selected cases of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding, especially those clinically severe and/or secondary to rare and extraordinary rare sources, effectively guiding timing and type of treatment. However, further large prospective studies are needed to clarify the role of multidetector-row computed tomography angiography in the diagnostic process of acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2839786-1
ISSN	2366-0058 ; 2366-004X
ISSN (online)	2366-0058
ISSN	2366-004X
DOI	10.1007/s00261-024-04208-9
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 1262: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Daphnia

Abdullahi, Muhammad / Li, Xiaojing / Abdallah, Mohamed Abou-Elwafa / Stubbings, William / Yan, Norman / Barnard, Marianne / Guo, Liang-Hong / Colbourne, John K / Orsini, Luisa

Environmental science & technology

2022 Volume 56, Issue 20, Page(s) 14237–14248

Abstract: Despite available technology and the knowledge that chemical pollution damages human and ecosystem health, chemical pollution remains rampant, ineffectively monitored, rarely prevented, and only occasionally mitigated. We present a framework that helps ... ...

Abstract	Despite available technology and the knowledge that chemical pollution damages human and ecosystem health, chemical pollution remains rampant, ineffectively monitored, rarely prevented, and only occasionally mitigated. We present a framework that helps address current major challenges in the monitoring and assessment of chemical pollution by broadening the use of the sentinel species
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Biological Monitoring ; Daphnia ; Ecosystem ; Environmental Health ; Humans ; Sentinel Species ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
Chemical Substances	Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1520-5851
ISSN (online)	1520-5851
DOI	10.1021/acs.est.2c01799
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Article ; Online: High-quality nanocavities through multimodal confinement of hyperbolic polaritons in hexagonal boron nitride.

Herzig Sheinfux, Hanan / Orsini, Lorenzo / Jung, Minwoo / Torre, Iacopo / Ceccanti, Matteo / Marconi, Simone / Maniyara, Rinu / Barcons Ruiz, David / Hötger, Alexander / Bertini, Ricardo / Castilla, Sebastián / Hesp, Niels C H / Janzen, Eli / Holleitner, Alexander / Pruneri, Valerio / Edgar, James H / Shvets, Gennady / Koppens, Frank H L

Nature materials

2024 Volume 23, Issue 4, Page(s) 499–505

Abstract: Compressing light into nanocavities substantially enhances light-matter interactions, which has been a major driver for nanostructured materials research. However, extreme confinement generally comes at the cost of absorption and low resonator quality ... ...

Abstract	Compressing light into nanocavities substantially enhances light-matter interactions, which has been a major driver for nanostructured materials research. However, extreme confinement generally comes at the cost of absorption and low resonator quality factors. Here we suggest an alternative optical multimodal confinement mechanism, unlocking the potential of hyperbolic phonon polaritons in isotopically pure hexagonal boron nitride. We produce deep-subwavelength cavities and demonstrate several orders of magnitude improvement in confinement, with estimated Purcell factors exceeding 10
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2088679-2
ISSN	1476-4660 ; 1476-1122
ISSN (online)	1476-4660
ISSN	1476-1122
DOI	10.1038/s41563-023-01785-w
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

To top

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Full text online

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito