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Article: Natural

Botzotz, Juan / Méndez-Valdés, Gabriel / Ortiz, Sylvia / López, Angélica / Botto-Mahan, Carezza / Solari, Aldo

2023 Volume 14, Issue 3

Abstract: In this study, we evaluated the effect of the climatic season and infection ... ...

Abstract	In this study, we evaluated the effect of the climatic season and infection by
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662247-6
ISSN	2075-4450
ISSN	2075-4450
DOI	10.3390/insects14030272
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Article: Evaluation of the effect of carbamazepine on the concentration of vitellogenin in Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum

Cacua Ortiz, Sylvia María / Aguirre, Néstor J. / Peñuela, Gustavo A.

Aquatic ecosystem health & management. 2021 Sept. 22, v. 24, no. 2

2021

Abstract: Carbamazepine is a pharmaceutical used in patients with seizures and bipolar disorder, which has been found in wastewater and many water resources. This is due to the inadequate disposal of pharmaceutical waste and the lack of treatment of municipal ... ...

Abstract	Carbamazepine is a pharmaceutical used in patients with seizures and bipolar disorder, which has been found in wastewater and many water resources. This is due to the inadequate disposal of pharmaceutical waste and the lack of treatment of municipal wastewater, as is the case in Colombia. The two main hydrographic basins of Colombia are the Cauca and Magdalena rivers, which are inhabited by the endemic species Striped Catfish (Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum). This has become an endangered species for various reasons, including the high contamination level of these rivers. In 2019, mature adult P. magdaleniatum of both sexes were caught in the Cauca river in Colombia. This was in order to assess the concentration of vitellogenin, as a biomarker of endocrine disruption, resulting from exposure to different levels of concentration of the emerging contaminant carbamazepine for 4 months. These tests were carried out in a fish farm. A significant decrease in the vitellogenin concentration was verified in females at concentrations of 25 µg l⁻¹ and 50 µg l⁻¹, and in males at 50 µg l⁻¹ of carbamazepine, with a significance level of p<0.05. Carbamazepine could cause a negative feedback in gonadotropin secretion, acting as an estrogen mimicker that causes a decrease in the level of vitellogenin.
Keywords	Pseudoplatystoma ; administrative management ; adults ; aquatic ecosystems ; biomarkers ; bipolar disorder ; catfish ; endangered species ; environmental health ; estrogens ; fish farms ; gonadotropins ; indigenous species ; municipal wastewater ; rivers ; vitellogenin ; Colombia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0922
Size	p. 130-139.
Publishing place	Michigan State University
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1477121-4
ISSN	1539-4077 ; 1463-4988
ISSN (online)	1539-4077
ISSN	1463-4988
DOI	10.14321/aehm.024.02.17
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Article ; Online: Characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 who return to the emergency department: a multicentre observational study by the Canadian COVID-19 Emergency Department Rapid Response Network (CCEDRRN).

Rosychuk, Rhonda J / Khangura, Jaspreet K / Ortiz, Sylvia S / Cheng, Ivy / Bielska, Iwona A / Yan, Justin / Morrison, Laurie J / Hayward, Jake / Grant, Lars / Hohl, Corinne M

Emergency medicine journal : EMJ

2024 Volume 41, Issue 4, Page(s) 210–217

Abstract: Objective: Unplanned return emergency department (ED) visits can reflect clinical deterioration or unmet need from the original visit. We determined the characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 who return to the ED for COVID-19-related ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Unplanned return emergency department (ED) visits can reflect clinical deterioration or unmet need from the original visit. We determined the characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 who return to the ED for COVID-19-related revisits. Methods: This retrospective observational study used data for all adult patients visiting 47 Canadian EDs with COVID-19 between 1 March 2020 and 31 March 2022. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the characteristics associated with having a no return visit (SV=single visit group) versus at least one return visit (MV=return visit group) after being discharged alive at the first ED visit. Results: 39 809 patients with COVID-19 had 44 862 COVID-19-related ED visits: 35 468 patients (89%) had one visit (SV group) and 4341 (11%) returned to the ED (MV group) within 30 days (mean 2.2, SD=0.5 ED visit). 40% of SV patients and 16% of MV patients were admitted at their first visit, and 41% of MV patients not admitted at their first ED visit were admitted on their second visit. In the MV group, the median time to return was 4 days, 49% returned within 72 hours. In multivariable modelling, a repeat visit was associated with a variety of factors including older age (OR=1.25 per 10 years, 95% CI (1.22 to 1.28)), pregnancy (1.86 (1.46 to 2.36)) and presence of comorbidities (eg, 1.72 (1.40 to 2.10) for cancer, 2.01 (1.52 to 2.66) for obesity, 2.18 (1.42 to 3.36) for organ transplant), current/prior substance use, higher temperature or WHO severe disease (1.41 (1.29 to 1.54)). Return was less likely for females (0.82 (0.77 to 0.88)) and those boosted or fully vaccinated (0.48 (0.34 to 0.70)). Conclusions: Return ED visits by patients with COVID-19 within 30 days were common during the first two pandemic years and were associated with multiple factors, many of which reflect known risk for worse outcomes. Future studies should assess reasons for revisit and opportunities to improve ED care and reduce resource use. Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04702945.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Patient Readmission ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/therapy ; Canada/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; World Health Organization
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Observational Study ; Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2040124-3
ISSN	1472-0213 ; 1472-0205
ISSN (online)	1472-0213
ISSN	1472-0205
DOI	10.1136/emermed-2023-213277
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Article ; Online: Methyl Paraben and Carbamazepine in Water and Striped Catfish (Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum) in the Cauca and Magdalena Rivers.

Cacua-Ortiz, Sylvia M / Aguirre, Néstor J / Peñuela, Gustavo A

Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology

2020 Volume 105, Issue 6, Page(s) 819–826

Abstract: Between 2017 and 2019, samplings were carried out in the San Jorge, Cauca and Magdalena River basins in Colombia, to determine the presence of methyl paraben and carbamazepine in water and Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum. For the analysis of the samples, ... ...

Abstract	Between 2017 and 2019, samplings were carried out in the San Jorge, Cauca and Magdalena River basins in Colombia, to determine the presence of methyl paraben and carbamazepine in water and Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum. For the analysis of the samples, a validation of the analytical method was performed, following the EPA method 1694 (Pharmaceutical and personal care products in water), with slight modifications. This was done by liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, for quantification of methyl paraben and carbamazepine, including parameters of linearity, accuracy precision and veracity. Carbamazepine was found in the Magdalena River at 8.03 ± 0.01 µg/L in transition season. In fish samples, methyl paraben and carbamazepine were detected in a range between 32 and 90.80 µg/kg in transition and dry seasons.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Carbamazepine/analysis ; Carbamazepine/metabolism ; Catfishes/metabolism ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Colombia ; Parabens/analysis ; Parabens/metabolism ; Rivers/chemistry ; Seasons ; Water/analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Parabens ; Water Pollutants, Chemical ; Water (059QF0KO0R) ; Carbamazepine (33CM23913M) ; methylparaben (A2I8C7HI9T)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	6895-0
ISSN	1432-0800 ; 0007-4861
ISSN (online)	1432-0800
ISSN	0007-4861
DOI	10.1007/s00128-020-03028-z
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Article: Methyl Paraben and Carbamazepine in Water and Striped Catfish (Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum) in the Cauca and Magdalena Rivers

Cacua-Ortiz, Sylvia M / Aguirre, Néstor J / Peñuela, Gustavo A

Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology. 2020 Dec., v. 105, no. 6

2020

Abstract	Between 2017 and 2019, samplings were carried out in the San Jorge, Cauca and Magdalena River basins in Colombia, to determine the presence of methyl paraben and carbamazepine in water and Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum. For the analysis of the samples, a validation of the analytical method was performed, following the EPA method 1694 (Pharmaceutical and personal care products in water), with slight modifications. This was done by liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, for quantification of methyl paraben and carbamazepine, including parameters of linearity, accuracy precision and veracity. Carbamazepine was found in the Magdalena River at 8.03 ± 0.01 µg/L in transition season. In fish samples, methyl paraben and carbamazepine were detected in a range between 32 and 90.80 µg/kg in transition and dry seasons.
Keywords	Pangasianodon hypophthalmus ; Pseudoplatystoma ; fish ; liquid chromatography ; pollution ; rivers ; tandem mass spectrometry ; toxicology ; Colombia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-12
Size	p. 819-826.
Publishing place	Springer US
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	6895-0
ISSN	1432-0800 ; 0007-4861
ISSN (online)	1432-0800
ISSN	0007-4861
DOI	10.1007/s00128-020-03028-z
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Article ; Online: Influence of Trypanosoma cruzi (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) Infection on Mortality of the Sylvatic Triatomine Vector, Mepraia spinolai (Heteroptera: Reuviidae), Under Fasting.

Garcia, Vanessa / Graterol, Johsmar / López, Angélica / Ortiz, Sylvia / Solari, Aldo

Journal of medical entomology

2019 Volume 56, Issue 5, Page(s) 1384–1388

Abstract: The etiologic agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi, is transmitted by hematophagous insect vectors that subsist on repeated blood meals over their lives separated by periods of fasting. Using naturally infected Mepraia spinolai, we measured the ... ...

Abstract	The etiologic agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi, is transmitted by hematophagous insect vectors that subsist on repeated blood meals over their lives separated by periods of fasting. Using naturally infected Mepraia spinolai, we measured the influence of parasite infection on this host vector's mortality during regular feeding and after fasting. After their capture, the insects were fed twice with uninfected mice to evaluate parasitic infection in their fecal samples by microscopic observation and PCR. Then the insects were subjected to a fasting period, followed by a third (final) feeding. After each feeding, a fecal sample was obtained to evaluate T. cruzi infection. To determine its progress through ontogeny, mortality and ecdysis of the infected and uninfected nymphs and adults were recorded on three occasions, over 140 d, and analyzed. Detections of infection by T. cruzi between the two first feedings increased, but this detection level was generally reduced after final feeding unless reinfected. For nymphs (stages III-V), their mortality was highest when infected after the fasting period, whereas adults were equally resistant to death after fasting when infected with T. cruzi. Metacyclic trypomastigotes were principally excreted in the fecal samples. Our results confirm that T. cruzi is pathogenic to its invertebrate hosts under nutritional stress conditions, when nymphs' mortality is higher while infected than uninfected when they were hungry. These results are epidemiologically important because T. cruzi harms the fasting vector M. spinolai, reducing its lifespan and competence as a disease vector, and thereby its rates of parasite transmission.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chagas Disease ; Fasting ; Insect Vectors/growth & development ; Insect Vectors/parasitology ; Insect Vectors/physiology ; Longevity ; Nymph/growth & development ; Nymph/parasitology ; Nymph/physiology ; Triatominae/growth & development ; Triatominae/parasitology ; Triatominae/physiology ; Trypanosoma cruzi/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	410635-0
ISSN	1938-2928 ; 0022-2585
ISSN (online)	1938-2928
ISSN	0022-2585
DOI	10.1093/jme/tjz124
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Article: Influence of Trypanosoma cruzi (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) Infection on Mortality of the Sylvatic Triatomine Vector, Mepraia spinolai (Heteroptera: Reuviidae), Under Fasting

Garcia, Vanessa / Graterol, Johsmar / López, Angélica / Ortiz, Sylvia / Solari, Aldo

Journal of medical entomology. 2019 July 19, v. 56, no. 5

2019

Abstract	The etiologic agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi, is transmitted by hematophagous insect vectors that subsist on repeated blood meals over their lives separated by periods of fasting. Using naturally infected Mepraia spinolai, we measured the influence of parasite infection on this host vector's mortality during regular feeding and after fasting. After their capture, the insects were fed twice with uninfected mice to evaluate parasitic infection in their fecal samples by microscopic observation and PCR. Then the insects were subjected to a fasting period, followed by a third (final) feeding. After each feeding, a fecal sample was obtained to evaluate T. cruzi infection. To determine its progress through ontogeny, mortality and ecdysis of the infected and uninfected nymphs and adults were recorded on three occasions, over 140 d, and analyzed. Detections of infection by T. cruzi between the two first feedings increased, but this detection level was generally reduced after final feeding unless reinfected. For nymphs (stages III–V), their mortality was highest when infected after the fasting period, whereas adults were equally resistant to death after fasting when infected with T. cruzi. Metacyclic trypomastigotes were principally excreted in the fecal samples. Our results confirm that T. cruzi is pathogenic to its invertebrate hosts under nutritional stress conditions, when nymphs' mortality is higher while infected than uninfected when they were hungry. These results are epidemiologically important because T. cruzi harms the fasting vector M. spinolai, reducing its lifespan and competence as a disease vector, and thereby its rates of parasite transmission.
Keywords	Chagas disease ; Triatominae ; Trypanosoma cruzi ; blood ; death ; ecdysis ; etiological agents ; feces ; hematophagous insects ; longevity ; malnutrition ; medical entomology ; microscopy ; mortality ; ontogeny ; trypomastigotes
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-0719
Size	p. 1384-1388.
Publishing place	Entomological Society of America
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	410635-0
ISSN	0022-2585
ISSN	0022-2585
DOI	10.1093/jme/tjz124
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Article: Organs infected with Trypanosoma cruzi and DTU identification in the naturally infected rodent Octodon degus

Rojo, Gemma / Pèlissier, Francisca / Sandoval-Rodriguez, Alejandra / Bacigalupo, Antonella / García, Vanessa / Pinto, Raquel / Ortiz, Sylvia / Botto-Mahan, Carezza / Cattan, Pedro E / Solari, Aldo

Experimental parasitology. 2020 Aug., v. 215

2020

Abstract: Chagas disease is a public health problem in America. Its parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, presents different discrete typing units (DTUs), colonizes organs of mammalian hosts in chronic infections, and presents tropism for particular organs in experimental ... ...

Abstract	Chagas disease is a public health problem in America. Its parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, presents different discrete typing units (DTUs), colonizes organs of mammalian hosts in chronic infections, and presents tropism for particular organs in experimental infections. We evaluated T. cruzi tropism towards organs on the naturally infected rodent Octodon degus, identifying the parasites’ DTUs, by means of conventional PCR and hybridization. Almost all the analyzed organs presented T. cruzi. More than 42% of the tested oesophagus, skin, skeletal muscle, brain and intestine showed T. cruzi DNA. Other nine types of organs were infected in over 15%. These results suggest that there is some tropism by T. cruzi in chronically infected O. degus. DTU TcV was present in 92.5% of infected organs with identified DTUs; this DTU is frequently reported in human infections in the Southern Cone of South America. Few organs showed mixed DTU infections. This is one of the few reports on the outcome of chronic natural T. cruzi-infection in wild mammal hosts exposed to naturally infected vectors.
Keywords	Chagas disease ; DNA ; Octodon degus ; Trypanosoma cruzi ; brain ; esophagus ; humans ; hybridization ; intestines ; parasites ; parasitology ; public health ; rodents ; skeletal muscle ; South America
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-08
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	391089-1
ISSN	1090-2449 ; 0014-4894
ISSN (online)	1090-2449
ISSN	0014-4894
DOI	10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107931
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Article: Effect on Intermediary Metabolism and Digestive Parameters of the High Substitution of Fishmeal with Insect Meal in Sparus aurata Feed

Fabrikov, Dmitri / Vargas-García, María del Carmen / Barroso, Fernando G. / Sánchez-Muros, María José / Cacua Ortíz, Sylvia María / Morales, Amalia E. / Cardenete, Gabriel / Tomás-Almenar, Cristina / Melenchón, Federico

Insects. 2021 Oct. 25, v. 12, no. 11

2021

Abstract: Hermetia illucens and Tenebrio molitor were tested on account of their potential to replace fish protein in feed. Two levels of replacement for H. illucens, 30% and 50% (H30 and H50), and one for T. molitor, 50% (T50), as well as an additional diet with ... ...

Abstract	Hermetia illucens and Tenebrio molitor were tested on account of their potential to replace fish protein in feed. Two levels of replacement for H. illucens, 30% and 50% (H30 and H50), and one for T. molitor, 50% (T50), as well as an additional diet with a modified fatty acid fraction (H50M), were investigated in relation to juvenile Sparus aurata growth indices, enzyme activities and gut microbiome. A T50 diet showed similar results to a control (C) diet, with no significant differences regarding morphological indices and minor differences for nutritional indices. Regarding the gut microbiome, H50M was the diet which showed the more similar prokaryotic community to C, which suggests that fatty acid fractions might influence the composition of the gut microbiome. Nevertheless, differences appeared to be related to a redistribution of dominant species, while changes in species affiliation were limited to minoritary species. The positive correlation between some of these minoritary species (Peptostreptococcus russellii, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Weisella confusa) and several fish growth parameters might explain differences between control and insect diets. Deciphering such uncertainty and revealing the potential role these unusual species may play on fish performance should be addressed in future investigations.
Keywords	Hermetia illucens ; Peptostreptococcus ; Sparus aurata ; Streptococcus dysgalactiae ; Tenebrio molitor ; Weissella confusa ; animal growth ; diet ; dominant species ; enzymes ; fatty acids ; fish ; fish meal ; insect meal ; insects ; intestinal microorganisms ; juveniles ; metabolism ; uncertainty
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1025
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2662247-6
ISSN	2075-4450
ISSN	2075-4450
DOI	10.3390/insects12110965
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Article ; Online: Trypanosoma cruzi infection follow-up in a sylvatic vector of Chagas disease: Comparing early and late stage nymphs.

Cortés, Valeria / Cruz, Amalia / Onetti, Sofia / Kinzel, Daniela / Garcia, Javiera / Ortiz, Sylvia / Lopez, Angélica / Cattan, Pedro E / Botto-Mahan, Carezza / Solari, Aldo

PLoS neglected tropical diseases

2021 Volume 15, Issue 9, Page(s) e0009729

Abstract: Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by the triatomine Mepraia spinolai in the southwest of South America. Here, we examined the T. cruzi-infection dynamics of field-caught M. spinolai after laboratory feeding, with a follow-up ... ...

Abstract	Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by the triatomine Mepraia spinolai in the southwest of South America. Here, we examined the T. cruzi-infection dynamics of field-caught M. spinolai after laboratory feeding, with a follow-up procedure on bug populations collected in winter and spring of 2017 and 2018. Bugs were analyzed twice to evaluate T. cruzi-infection by PCR assays of urine/fecal samples, the first evaluation right after collection and the second 40 days after the first feeding. We detected bugs with: the first sample positive and second negative (+/-), the first sample negative and second positive (-/+), and with both samples positive or negative (+/+; -/-). Bugs that resulted positive on both occasions were the most frequent, with the exception of those collected in winter 2018. Infection rate in spring was higher than winter only in 2018. Early and late stage nymphs presented similar T. cruzi-infection rates except for winter 2017; therefore, all nymphs may contribute to T. cruzi-transmission to humans. Assessment of infection using two samples represents a realistic way to determine the infection a triatomine can harbor. The underlying mechanism may be that some bugs do not excrete parasites unless they are fed and maintained for some time under environmentally controlled conditions before releasing T. cruzi, which persists in the vector hindgut. We suggest that T. cruzi-infection dynamics regarding the three types of positive-PCR results detected by follow-up represent: residual T. cruzi in the rectal lumen (+/-), colonization of parasites attached to the rectal wall (-/+), and presence of both kinds of flagellates in the hindgut of triatomines (+/+). We suggest residual T. cruzi-infections are released after feeding, and result 60-90 days after infection persisting in the rectal lumen after a fasting event, a phenomenon that might vary between contrasting seasons and years.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chagas Disease/parasitology ; Chagas Disease/transmission ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Insect Vectors/growth & development ; Insect Vectors/parasitology ; Insect Vectors/physiology ; Male ; Nymph/growth & development ; Nymph/parasitology ; Nymph/physiology ; South America ; Triatominae/growth & development ; Triatominae/parasitology ; Triatominae/physiology ; Trypanosoma cruzi/genetics ; Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification ; Trypanosoma cruzi/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2429704-5
ISSN	1935-2735 ; 1935-2727
ISSN (online)	1935-2735
ISSN	1935-2727
DOI	10.1371/journal.pntd.0009729
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