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Article ; Online: Walthard cyst of spermatic cord in the right inguinal hernia.

Fahim, Muhammad / Oyewole, Bankole / Heatley, Nicholas / Belgaumkar, Ajay

BMJ case reports

2022 Volume 15, Issue 6

Abstract: There are isolated case reports of Walthard cells in paratesticular structures although these benign epithelial cells are commonly found in relation to fallopian tubes. This is a second case report of cystic Walthard rest presented in an elderly man in ... ...

Abstract	There are isolated case reports of Walthard cells in paratesticular structures although these benign epithelial cells are commonly found in relation to fallopian tubes. This is a second case report of cystic Walthard rest presented in an elderly man in right inguinal hernia.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Cysts/complications ; Cysts/diagnostic imaging ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Hernia, Inguinal/complications ; Hernia, Inguinal/diagnostic imaging ; Hernia, Inguinal/surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Pelvis ; Spermatic Cord
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ISSN	1757-790X
ISSN (online)	1757-790X
DOI	10.1136/bcr-2021-247963
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Caffeinated beverage consumption among adolescents in Sagamu, Nigeria: implications for health promotion.

Sholeye, Oluwafolahan / Akinyemi, Olamide / Oyewole, Bankole

The Pan African medical journal

2022 Volume 41, Page(s) 202

Abstract: Introduction: the mental and physical stimulating effects of caffeine have led to an increase in consumption of caffeinated beverages. Adolescents are at an increased risk of excessive caffeine consumption and its associated adverse health consequences. ...

Abstract	Introduction: the mental and physical stimulating effects of caffeine have led to an increase in consumption of caffeinated beverages. Adolescents are at an increased risk of excessive caffeine consumption and its associated adverse health consequences. This study therefore assessed the pattern of caffeinated drink consumption among in-school adolescents in Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out among 350 adolescents in Sagamu Township, selected via multistage sampling. Data were collected using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS version 20.0. Relevant descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated with level of significance (p) set at <0.05. Results: respondents' mean age was 14.49 ± 1.37 years; 60.2% of respondents were male. Over 90% of respondents consumed caffeinated beverages; 19.2% consumed greater than 3 cans in a day; 67.8% always felt a strong urge to consume caffeinated drinks. Reasons for consumption include: to aid personal study (64.4%), thirst (47.1%), performance enhancement (34.1%), alertness (30.6%) and hunger (17.7%). Reported side effects include: nervousness (40.4%); mood swings (16.5%); palpitations (30.1%); insomnia (51.6%). Conclusion: consumption of caffeinated beverages was high among adolescents in Sagamu. Adequate caffeine control measures, with behavior change communication, will help to address this public health challenge among adolescents.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Beverages ; Caffeine/adverse effects ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Male ; Nigeria
Chemical Substances	Caffeine (3G6A5W338E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-14
Publishing country	Uganda
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2514347-5
ISSN	1937-8688 ; 1937-8688
ISSN (online)	1937-8688
ISSN	1937-8688
DOI	10.11604/pamj.2022.41.202.31696
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Spatial patterns of biological constraints to cassava and yam production in West and Central Africa

Manyong, Victor / Oyewole, B.

Implications for technology development and transfer

2019

Keywords	yams ; cassava ; production ; technology transfer
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-03T14:30:46Z
Publishing country	fr
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Multiple purpose tree use by farmers using indigenous knowledge in subhumid and semiarid northern Nigeria

Oyewole, B. / Carsky, R.J.

Forests, Trees and Livelihoods

2018

Abstract: The northern Guinea savanna is generally known to be suitable for the production of annual crops of short-to-medium duration but is threatened with soil degradation because of inadequate organic inputs. Trees can be one important source of organic ... ...

Abstract	The northern Guinea savanna is generally known to be suitable for the production of annual crops of short-to-medium duration but is threatened with soil degradation because of inadequate organic inputs. Trees can be one important source of organic supplement to crop fields. Farmers' preferences for trees are related to a myriad of needs which vary in different environments. A survey was undertaken in Bauchi and Kaduna States of northern Nigeria to determine the extent of farmer knowledge in identifying niches for agroforestry trees. A total of 190 farmers were interviewed in Bauchi State and 154 farmers in Kaduna State. In Bauchi State, the preferred location for most trees was first bush fields (21 species or 64%), then compound fields (12 species or 36%), and village fields (6 species or 18%). There was more than one preferred location for some tree species. The 33 species in Bauchi State have important uses ranging from human food (42% of species), animal feed (12%), medicinal and windbreak/shading (both 9%), and live fencing and tools (both 6%). In Kaduna State important uses for a high proportion of the 12 species were medicinal and human food (both 50%), fuelwood (42%), and tools (33%) while the preferred location was in bush fields. In Kaduna State use of trees for soil improvement appeared stronger than in Bauchi State, especially with Parkia biglobosa. Descriptive and principal component analysis (PCA) further showed that in Bauchi State, compound fields are preferred for trees producing human food and shelter, while bush fields are used for trees producing animal feed and tools. In Kaduna State, trees producing food are preferred on all field types while field borders, woodlots and isolated trees were favored over hedgerows. This indigenous knowledge and preferences are essential when designing agroforestry systems in the sub-humid/semi-arid regions of northern Nigeria.
Keywords	agroforestry ; farmers ; trees ; indigenous knowledge
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-16T14:13:23Z
Publisher	Informa UK Limited
Publishing country	fr
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Conference proceedings ; Online: Onfarm testing of Mucuna and cowpea double cropping with maize in the Guinea savanna of Nigeria

Oyewole, B. / Carsky, R.J. / Schulz, S.

2019

Abstract: On-farm trials were conducted at Kaduna in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria in 1996 and 1997. The objective was to investigate the residual effects of Mucuna and cowpea grown during the first 2-3months of the season on subsequent maize yields, to ... ...

Abstract	On-farm trials were conducted at Kaduna in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria in 1996 and 1997. The objective was to investigate the residual effects of Mucuna and cowpea grown during the first 2-3months of the season on subsequent maize yields, to elicit farmers' feedback on these cropping systems, and to assess their economic impact. Maize yields after Mucuna were 20-60% higher than after cowpea. However the cowpea-maize system produced additional cowpea grain while did not produce any edible grain. A partial budget analysis revealed that the Mucuna-maize system might be advantageous in environments where cowpea yields are very low but that with increased cowpea yields the cowpea-maize system tends to be more profitable. Farmers observed that Mucuna effectively suppressed weeds in the subsequent maize and appreciated its substantial residual effect. They complained that in this system Mucuna did not produce seed for replanting and the incorporation of the residues was difficult. A further follow up showed that the number farmers using Mucuna in that village decreased in 1998 and that they had stopped growing the crop in 1999. It therefore appears that the adoption potential of Mucuna as an early season crop is rather limited in this socioeconomic environment in which farmers already have a legume that provides a food and soil fertility benefit.
Keywords	farmers ; cowpeas ; soil fertility ; maize ; yields
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-03T05:54:10Z
Publishing country	fr
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Incorporating shortseason legumes and green manure crops into maizebased systems in the moist Guinea savanna of West Africa

Franke, A. / Schulz, S. / Oyewole, B. / Bako, S.

2019

Abstract: A three-year trial was conducted on a degraded soil in the moist Guinea savanna of northern Nigeria to assess the possibility of improving productivity and economic viability of maize-based systems by incorporating short-season legumes and green manure ... ...

Abstract	A three-year trial was conducted on a degraded soil in the moist Guinea savanna of northern Nigeria to assess the possibility of improving productivity and economic viability of maize-based systems by incorporating short-season legumes and green manure crops into the cropping pattern. Treatments included double cropping legume-maize systems, full-season sole maize receiving various amounts of nitrogen, green manure crop mucuna (Mucuna pruriens var. utilis) followed by sole maize and a legume-maize system receiving additional rice mill waste. In comparison with full-season maize, the use of early-season cowpea followed by maize improved productivity as well as economic returns of the cropping system, while the use of mucuna, grown as an early-season crop or full-season crop, resulted in poor overall productivity of the system. The addition of rice mill waste as a soil amendment in cowpea–maize systems stimulated maize yields and rice mill waste can form a cheap source of organic inputs for farmers living nearby rice mills. Given the limited growing season of the northern Guinea savanna, it is concluded that timing of field operations is crucial for the successful application of double cropping systems. In addition, high labour requirements are a serious constraint for wide-scale adoption of double cropping systems by small-scale farmers, stressing the need to reduce soil cultivation operations, for example by maintaining a uniform ridge distance for all crops in the rotation.
Keywords	maize ; cropping patterns ; cowpeas ; green manures ; nigeria
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-21T14:12:57Z
Publisher	Cambridge University Press
Publishing country	fr
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Conference proceedings ; Online: Representativeness of farmers and sites in onfarm trials

Smith, J. / Walker, P. / Oyewole, B.

2019

Abstract: In the farming systems approach to technology development, trials are carried out on a limited number of farmers’ fields. Results of these trials are extrapolated to the entire target area and used either to identify directions for further research or to ...

Abstract	In the farming systems approach to technology development, trials are carried out on a limited number of farmers’ fields. Results of these trials are extrapolated to the entire target area and used either to identify directions for further research or to develop recommendations for farmers. Extrapolation is obviously not valid if farmers and fields are not representatives of the target area. In practice however, it is difficult to select a sample of farmers according to predetermined criteria. Researchers are constrained by farmers’ misgivings about the efficacy of the technologies being tested. As a result, trials are carried out on fields of farmers who volunteer or are persuaded to participate. This paper examines the type of bias that is to occur in this situation and reasons for its occurrence. This is illustrated with data from on-farm trials in Southwest Nigeria. The interpretation of data in situations where bias exists is discussed, and procedures which may reduce bias in future trials are presented.
Keywords	farming systems ; technology ; development ; trials ; research ; farmers
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-25T17:09:05Z
Publishing country	fr
Document type	Conference proceedings ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Contribution of early season cowpea to late season maize in the savanna zone of West Africa

Carsky, R.J. / Singh, B.B. / Oyewole, B.

Biological Agriculture and Horticulture

2018

Abstract: In the moist savanna zone with a 180 to 190 day growing period, early season cowpea immediately followed by a late season cereal crop can maximize the benefit of the legume to the cereal. Traditional cereal crops for this system are millet and sorghum ... ...

Abstract	In the moist savanna zone with a 180 to 190 day growing period, early season cowpea immediately followed by a late season cereal crop can maximize the benefit of the legume to the cereal. Traditional cereal crops for this system are millet and sorghum but new early maize varieties can also be used. A study was conducted to estimate the contribution of the early season cowpea to late season maize during three years on two fields in central Kaduna State in northern Nigeria. Without insecticide application, early season cowpea grain yield averaged almost 500 kg ha−1 over all environments including a site where P deficiency was corrected in the second year. N content of cowpea residues after grain harvest averaged approximately 15 and 30 kg ha−1 at the low-P and moderate-P sites, respectively. Mean maize grain yield without urea or previous cowpea (290 kg ha−1 in five environments) was increased to 760 kg ha−1 with urea application (30 and 60 kg ha−1 treatments combined) and 690 kg ha−1 after early season cowpea (three varieties combined). Maize grain yield after early season cowpea without N application to maize was maintained at levels higher (at p < 0.06) than 30 kg N ha−1 as fertilizer. Thus, cowpea cultivation in the early season appears to be an effective indigenous solution for supplying a small amount of N for cereal production. The study showed the importance of adequate P availability for the rotation system to succeed.
Keywords	cowpeas ; maize ; varieties ; farming systems
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-09-25T16:19:05Z
Publisher	Informa UK Limited
Publishing country	fr
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Integrated soil management for the dry savanna zone of West Africa

Carsky, R.J. / Oyewole, B. / Tian, G.

legume rotation and fertilizer N

2018

Abstract: Integrated soil management with leguminous cover crops was studied at two sites in the northern Guinea savanna zone of northern Nigeria, Kaduna (190 day growing season) and Bauchi (150 days). One-year planted fallows of mucuna, lablab, and crotalaria ... ...

Abstract	Integrated soil management with leguminous cover crops was studied at two sites in the northern Guinea savanna zone of northern Nigeria, Kaduna (190 day growing season) and Bauchi (150 days). One-year planted fallows of mucuna, lablab, and crotalaria were compared with natural grass fallow and cowpea controls. All treatments were followed by a maize test crop in the second year with 0, 30, or 60 kg N ha−1 as urea. Above ground legume residues were not incorporated into the soil and most residues were burned early in the dry season at the Kaduna site. Legume rotation increased soil total N, maize growth in greenhouse pots, and dry matter and N accumulation of maize. Response of maize grain yield to 30 kg N ha−1 as urea was highly significant at both sites and much greater than the response to legume rotation. The mean N fertilizer replacement value from legume rotation was 14 kg N ha−1 at Kaduna and 6 kg N ha−1 at Bauchi. W ith no N applied to the maize test crop, maize grain yield following legume fallow was 365 kg ha−1 higher than natural fallow at Bauchi and 235 kg ha−1 higher at Kaduna. The benefit of specific legume fallows to subsequent maize was mostly related to above ground N of the previous legume at Bauchi, where residues were protected from fire and grazing. At Kaduna, where fallow vegetation was burned, maize yield was related to estimated below ground N. The results show that legume rotation alone results in small maize yield increases in the dry savanna zone.
Keywords	cover crops ; savanna ; fertilizers ; maize ; cowpeas ; legumes
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-05T06:30:16Z
Publishing country	fr
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Rice mill waste as organic manure on a degraded Alfisol

Schulz, S. / Tian, G. / Oyewole, B. / Bako, S.

2018

Abstract: In much of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the lack of organic soil amendments constitutes one of the principal causes for declining soil fertility in intensifying farming systems. The challenge, therefore, remains to increase the availability of organic ... ...

Abstract	In much of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the lack of organic soil amendments constitutes one of the principal causes for declining soil fertility in intensifying farming systems. The challenge, therefore, remains to increase the availability of organic inputs and to develop recommendations for their combination with inorganic fertilizers. An on-farm experiment was conducted in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria to evaluate the fertilizer effect of rice (Oryza sativa L.) mill waste (RMW) on a degraded Alfisol. The decomposition and nutrient (N and P) release patterns of RMW were studied using the litterbag technique, and the effect on maize yield and soil properties was determined. The RMW was applied at rates of 0, 5, 10, and 15 Mg DM ha−1 and was applied either unburnt or burnt (farmers’ practice). In both years, compound fertilizer was broadcast during land preparation on all plots at rates of 40 kg N ha−1, 17 kg P ha−1, and 33 kg K ha−1. Results obtained in the litterbag study showed that, at maize harvest, more than 90% of the P had been released from the decomposing RMW. However, around 60% of the organic C and 45% of the N still remained. Compared to the control treatment (0 Mg ha−1 RMW), which yielded 0.55 Mg ha−1, maize (Zea mays L.) grain yields were increased by 95% when 10 Mg ha−1 of unburnt RMW was applied, and by 147% with 15 Mg ha−1 (mean of 2 years). In contrast, burnt RMW did not result in significant yield increases. The cumulative application of 30 Mg ha−1 of unburnt RMW significantly increased the soil organic carbon in the surface soil from 0.7% (0 Mg ha−1 RMW) to 1.3%. The results of this investigation indicate that RMW constitutes a valuable organic input in the Guinea savanna if applied unburnt at rates of 10–15 Mg ha−1 in combination with inorganic fertilizer. The repeated application of unburnt RMW may contribute to the rehabilitation of degraded soils through the buildup of soil organic matter.
Keywords	rice ; alfisol ; nutrient ; farming systems
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-09T06:40:32Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Publishing country	fr
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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