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Article ; Online: Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Prevalence, Morbidity, and Mortality in Colombia: Findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study.

Lopez-Lopez, Jose Patricio / Toro, Martin Rebolledo-Del / Martinez-Bello, Daniel / Garcia-Peña, Ángel A / O'Donovan, Gary / Perez-Mayorga, Maritza / Otero, Johanna / Rangarajan, Sumathy / Yusuf, Salim / Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio

Global heart

2024 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 10

Abstract: Background: Controversies exist on whether the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and their association with major cardiovascular events (MACE) is different between men and women. Most of the evidence comes from high-income countries, hindering ... ...

Abstract	Background: Controversies exist on whether the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and their association with major cardiovascular events (MACE) is different between men and women. Most of the evidence comes from high-income countries, hindering extrapolation of sociocultural and demographic factors of other regions. Objective: To evaluate sex differences in the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and the incidence of MACE and diabetes in Colombian adults. Methods: We performed a survival analysis from women and men aged 35-70 belonging to the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology-Colombia prospective study. Incidence rates for MACE composite (myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, death) and each outcome and diabetes were calculated. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were performed. The association between demographic, behavioral, and metabolic variables with MACE and diabetes were evaluated with Cox proportional hazards models. Results: 7,552 participants (50±9.7 years) were included; 64% were women. Women had higher hypertension prevalence, body mass index, levels of total cholesterol, LDL-c, and HDL-c but lower triglycerides levels. Women were more sedentary but fewer smokers or active alcohol consumers and had higher educational levels. After 12-year mean follow-up (SD 2.3), the incidence rate of MACE composite was higher in men [4.2 (3.6-4.9) vs. 3.2 (2.8-3.7) cases per 1000 person-years]. Diabetes had the greatest association with MACE (HR = 2.63 95%CI:1.85;3.76), followed by hypertension (HR = 1.75 95%CI:1.30;2.35), low relative grip strength (HR = 1.53 95%CI:1.15;2.02), smoking (HR = 1.47 95%CI: 1.11;1.93), low physical activity (HR = 1.42 95%CI: 1.03;1.96). When evaluating risk factors by sex, only an increased waist-to-hip ratio was more strongly associated with MACE in men (p-interaction <0.05). Conclusions: The composite MACE outcome was higher in men despite having a lower overall burden of risk factors. The risk factors contribution was similar, leading us to reconsider the need to carrying out differentiated cardiovascular risk prevention and management campaigns, at least in our region.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Colombia/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Sex Characteristics ; Hypertension ; Risk Factors ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2629633-0
ISSN	2211-8179 ; 2211-8160
ISSN (online)	2211-8179
ISSN	2211-8160
DOI	10.5334/gh.1289
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Physical Activity and Obesity Risk in Adults in Colombia: The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study.

O'Donovan, Gary / Martínez, Daniel / López-López, Jose P / Otero, Johanna / Urina, Manuel / Vasquez, Tatiana / Niño, Monica / Narvaez, Claudia / Campo, María Camila / Perez-Mayorga, Maritza / Rodríguez, Shislem / Arcos, Edgard / Sanchez, Gregorio / García, Henry / Rangarajan, Sumathy / Yusuf, Salim / López-Jaramillo, Patricio

Medicine and science in sports and exercise

2024

Abstract: Purpose: To investigate longitudinal associations between physical activity levels and obesity in adults in Colombia, where participation in large amounts of light-intensity physical activity is a necessity for many people.: Methods: Participation in ...

Abstract	Purpose: To investigate longitudinal associations between physical activity levels and obesity in adults in Colombia, where participation in large amounts of light-intensity physical activity is a necessity for many people. Methods: Participation in moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity was assessed from 2005 to 2009 and obesity was assessed from 2011 to 2019 in men and women from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Total physical activity level was categorized as low (<600 MET-min/week), medium (600-3,000 MET-min/week), or high (>3,000 MET-min/week) (600 MET-min/week is equivalent to 150 minutes of moderate activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity per week). Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥30 kg/m2. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, smoking, socioeconomic status, diet, alcohol, sedentary time, and sleep. Results: The main analysis included 3,086 men and women aged 51 ± 9 years at baseline (mean ± SD). Compared to the low physical activity group, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for obesity was 0.67 (0.53, 0.85) in the medium physical activity group, and 0.78 (0.62, 0.98) in the high physical activity group after adjustment for potential confounders. Smoking is probably a major confounder and it is noteworthy that similar associations were observed in participants who reported never smoking. Conclusions: The PURE study is the only prospective cohort study in Colombia. The present analysis is important because it suggests that even the busy people of Colombia could substantially reduce their risk of obesity by participating in moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603994-7
ISSN	1530-0315 ; 0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
ISSN (online)	1530-0315
ISSN	0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
DOI	10.1249/MSS.0000000000003413
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Article: Waist circumference cut-off points to identify major cardiovascular events and incident diabetes in Latin America: findings from the prospective Urban rural epidemiology study Colombia.

Lopez-Lopez, Jose P / Gonzalez, Ana María / Lanza, Paola / Martinez-Bello, Daniel / Gomez-Arbelaez, Diego / Otero, Johanna / Cohen, Daniel D / Perez-Mayorga, Maritza / Garcia-Peña, Angel A / Rangarajan, Sumathy / Yusuf, Salim / Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1204885

Abstract: Background: Abdominal obesity (AO) indirectly represents visceral adiposity and can be assessed by waist circumference (WC) measurement. In Latin America, cut-off points for the diagnosis of AO are based on Asian population data. We aim to establish the ...

Abstract	Background: Abdominal obesity (AO) indirectly represents visceral adiposity and can be assessed by waist circumference (WC) measurement. In Latin America, cut-off points for the diagnosis of AO are based on Asian population data. We aim to establish the WC cut-off points to predict major cardiovascular events (MACE) and incident diabetes. Methods: We analyzed data from the cohort PURE study in Colombia. WC cut-off points were defined according to the maximum Youden index. Multivariate logistic regression was used to obtain associations between WC and MACE, diabetes, and cumulative incidence of outcomes visualized using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: After a mean follow-up of 12 years, 6,580 individuals with a mean age of 50.7 ± 9.7 years were included; 64.2% were women, and 53.5% were from rural areas. The mean WC was 85.2 ± 11.6 cm and 88.3 ± 11.1 cm in women and men, respectively. There were 635 cases of the MACE composite plus incident diabetes (5.25 events per 1,000 person-years). Using a cut-off value of 88.85 cm in men (sensitivity = 0.565) and 85.65 cm in women (sensitivity = 0.558) resulted in the highest value for the prediction of the main outcome. These values were associated with a 1.76 and 1.41-fold increased risk of presenting the composite outcome in men and women, respectively. Conclusions: We defined WC cut-off points of 89 cm in men and 86 cm in women to identify the elevated risk of MACE and incident diabetes. Therefore, we suggest using these values in cardiovascular risk assessment in Latin America.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2781496-8
ISSN	2297-055X
ISSN	2297-055X
DOI	10.3389/fcvm.2023.1204885
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Article ; Online: Insulin Resistance Markers to Detect Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Male Hispanic Population.

Pérez-Mayorga, Maritza / Lopez-Lopez, Jose P / Chacon-Manosalva, Maria A / Castillo, Maria G / Otero, Johanna / Martinez-Bello, Daniel / Gomez-Arbelaez, Diego / Cohen, Daniel D / Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio

Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology

2022 Volume 2022, Page(s) 1782221

Abstract: Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease and is closely associated with cardiometabolic disorders, being insulin resistance (IR) the common pathogenic mechanism. The triglycerides/glucose ...

Abstract	Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease and is closely associated with cardiometabolic disorders, being insulin resistance (IR) the common pathogenic mechanism. The triglycerides/glucose (TyG) index and triglycerides/HDL-c (TG/HDL) ratio are markers correlated with IR. We compared the capacity of these two indexes, alongside IR, to detect NAFLD. Methods: In a cross-sectional cohort study, we examined 263 active military personnel from the Colombian Air Force, aged between 29 and 54 years. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical determinations (glycemia, lipid profile, and insulin) were obtained, and ultrasound studies were performed to evaluate the presence of NAFLD. HOMA-IR index was calculated as (fasting insulin ( Results: NAFLD ultrasound criteria were met in 70 individuals (26.6%). Subjects with NAFLD had significantly higher values of HOMA-IR (2.55 ± 1.36 vs. 1.51 ± 0.91), TyG (9.17 ± 0.53 vs. 8.7 ± 0.51), and TG/HDL (6.6 ± 4.54 vs. 3.52 ± 2.32) compared to those without NAFLD ( Conclusion: Our study shows that novel and lower-cost markers of IR are useful for detecting NALFD, with a performance comparable to the HOMA-IR index. These markers should be used as the first step when screening patients for NAFLD.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Biomarkers ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Glucose ; Hispanic or Latino ; Humans ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/diagnosis ; Triglycerides
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Insulin ; Triglycerides ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-03
Publishing country	Egypt
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2762182-0
ISSN	2291-2797 ; 1916-7237 ; 0835-7900
ISSN (online)	2291-2797 ; 1916-7237
ISSN	0835-7900
DOI	10.1155/2022/1782221
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Article ; Online: Ethnic Differences in the Prevalence of Hypertension in Colombia: Association With Education Level.

Lopez-Lopez, Jose P / Cohen, Daniel D / Alarcon-Ariza, Natalia / Mogollon-Zehr, Margarita / Ney-Salazar, Daniela / Chacon-Manosalva, Maria A / Martinez-Bello, Daniel / Otero, Johanna / Castillo-Lopez, Gabriela / Perez-Mayorga, Maritza / Rangarajan, Sumathy / Yusuf, Salim / Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio

American journal of hypertension

2022 Volume 35, Issue 7, Page(s) 610–618

Abstract: Background: A higher prevalence of hypertension is reported among Afro-descendants compared with other ethnic groups in high-income countries; however, there is a paucity of information in low- and medium-income countries.: Methods: We evaluated 3, ... ...

Abstract	Background: A higher prevalence of hypertension is reported among Afro-descendants compared with other ethnic groups in high-income countries; however, there is a paucity of information in low- and medium-income countries. Methods: We evaluated 3,745 adults from 3 ethnic groups (552 White, 2,746 Mestizos, 447 Afro-descendants) enrolled in the prospective population-based cohort study (PURE)-Colombia. We assessed associations between anthropometric, socioeconomic, behavioral factors, and hypertension. Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension was 39.2% and was higher in Afro-descendants (46.3%) than in Mestizos (37.6%) and Whites (41.5%), differences that were due to the higher prevalence in Afro-descendant women. Hypertension was associated with older age, increased body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio, independent of ethnicity. Low education was associated with hypertension in all ethnic groups, and particularly in Afro-descendants, for whom it was the factor with the strongest association with prevalence. Notably, 70% of Afro-descendants had a low level of education, compared with 52% of Whites-26% of Whites were university graduates while only 7% of Afro-descendants were. We did not find that education level alone had a mediator effect, suggesting that it is not a causal risk factor for hypertension but is an indicator of socioeconomic status, itself an important determinant of hypertension prevalence. Conclusions: We found that a higher prevalence of hypertension in Colombian Afro-descendants than other ethnic groups. This was principally associated with their lower mean educational level, an indicator of lower socioeconomic status.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Black People ; Cohort Studies ; Colombia/epidemiology ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/complications ; Hypertension/diagnosis ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	639383-4
ISSN	1941-7225 ; 1879-1905 ; 0895-7061
ISSN (online)	1941-7225 ; 1879-1905
ISSN	0895-7061
DOI	10.1093/ajh/hpac051
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Zs.A 2329: Show issues

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Article: Personal and household PM2.5 and black carbon exposure measures and respiratory symptoms in 8 low- and middle-income countries

Wang, Ying / Shupler, Matthew / Birch, Aaron / Chu, Yen Li / Jeronimo, Matthew / Rangarajan, Sumathy / Mustaha, Maha / Heenan, Laura / Seron, Pamela / Saavedra, Nicolas / Oliveros, Maria Jose / Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio / Camacho, Paul A. / Otero, Johnna / Perez-Mayorga, Maritza / Yeates, Karen / West, Nicola / Ncube, Tatenda / Ncube, Brian /

Environmental research. 2022 Sept., v. 212

2022

Abstract: Household air pollution (HAP) from cooking with solid fuels has been associated with adverse respiratory effects, but most studies use surveys of fuel use to define HAP exposure, rather than on actual air pollution exposure measurements. To examine ... ...

Institution	PURE-AIR study investigators
Abstract	Household air pollution (HAP) from cooking with solid fuels has been associated with adverse respiratory effects, but most studies use surveys of fuel use to define HAP exposure, rather than on actual air pollution exposure measurements. To examine associations between household and personal fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) and black carbon (BC) measures and respiratory symptoms. As part of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology Air Pollution study, we analyzed 48-h household and personal PM₂.₅ and BC measurements for 870 individuals using different cooking fuels from 62 communities in 8 countries (Bangladesh, Chile, China, Colombia, India, Pakistan, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe). Self-reported respiratory symptoms were collected after monitoring. Associations between PM₂.₅ and BC exposures and respiratory symptoms were examined using logistic regression models, controlling for individual, household, and community covariates. The median (interquartile range) of household and personal PM₂.₅ was 73.5 (119.1) and 65.3 (91.5) μg/m³, and for household and personal BC was 3.4 (8.3) and 2.5 (4.9) x10⁻⁵ m⁻¹, respectively. We observed associations between household PM₂.₅ and wheeze (OR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.07, 1.46), cough (OR: 1.22; 95%CI: 1.06, 1.39), and sputum (OR: 1.26; 95%CI: 1.10, 1.44), as well as exposure to household BC and wheeze (OR: 1.20; 95%CI: 1.03, 1.39) and sputum (OR: 1.20; 95%CI: 1.05, 1.36), per IQR increase. We observed associations between personal PM₂.₅ and wheeze (OR: 1.23; 95%CI: 1.00, 1.50) and sputum (OR: 1.19; 95%CI: 1.00, 1.41). For household PM₂.₅ and BC, associations were generally stronger for females compared to males. Models using an indicator variable of solid versus clean fuels resulted in larger OR estimates with less precision. We used measurements of household and personal air pollution for individuals using different cooking fuels and documented strong associations with respiratory symptoms.
Keywords	air pollution ; carbon ; cough ; epidemiology ; particulates ; regression analysis ; research ; Bangladesh ; Chile ; Colombia ; India ; Pakistan ; Tanzania ; Zimbabwe
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-09
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	205699-9
ISSN	1096-0953 ; 0013-9351
ISSN (online)	1096-0953
ISSN	0013-9351
DOI	10.1016/j.envres.2022.113430
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Zs.A 726: Show issues

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Article: The Phospholipid Linoleoylglycerophosphocholine as a Biomarker of Directly Measured Insulin Resistance.

Pérez-Matos, Maria Camila / Morales-Álvarez, Martha Catalina / Toloza, Freddy Jean Karlo / Ricardo-Silgado, Maria Laura / Mantilla-Rivas, Jose Oscar / Pinzón-Cortes, Jairo Arturo / Perez-Mayorga, Maritza / Jiménez, Elizabeth / Guevara, Edwin / Mendivil, Carlos O

Diabetes & metabolism journal

2017 Volume 41, Issue 6, Page(s) 466–473

Abstract: Background: Plasma concentrations of some lysophospholipids correlate with metabolic alterations in humans, but their potential as biomarkers of insulin resistance (IR) is insufficiently known. We aimed to explore the association between plasma ... ...

Abstract	Background: Plasma concentrations of some lysophospholipids correlate with metabolic alterations in humans, but their potential as biomarkers of insulin resistance (IR) is insufficiently known. We aimed to explore the association between plasma linoleoylglycerophosphocholine (LGPC) and objective measures of IR in adults with different metabolic profiles. Methods: We studied 62 men and women, ages 30 to 69 years, (29% normal weight, 59% overweight, 12% obese). Participants underwent a 5-point oral glucose tolerance test (5p-OGTT) from which we calculated multiple indices of IR and insulin secretion. Fifteen participants additionally underwent a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp for estimation of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. Plasma LGPC was determined using high performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Plasma LGPC was compared across quartiles defined by the IR indices. Results: Mean LGPC was 15.4±7.6 ng/mL in women and 14.1±7.3 ng/mL in men. LGPC did not correlate with body mass in-dex, percent body fat, waist circumference, blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin, log-triglycerides, or high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Plasma LGPC concentrations was not systematically associated with any of the studied 5p-OGTT-derived IR indices. However, LGPC exhibited a significant negative correlation with glucose disposal in the clamp (Spearman r=-0.56, P=0.029). Despite not being diabetic, participants with higher plasma LGPC exhibited significantly higher post-challenge plasma glucose excursions in the 5p-OGTT (P trend=0.021 for the increase in glucose area under the curve across quartiles of plasma LGPC). Conclusion: In our sample of Latino adults without known diabetes, LGPC showed potential as a biomarker of IR and impaired glucose metabolism.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-12
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2602402-0
ISSN	2233-6087 ; 2233-6079
ISSN (online)	2233-6087
ISSN	2233-6079
DOI	10.4093/dmj.2017.41.6.466
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Article: Plasma Levels of Myonectin But Not Myostatin or Fibroblast-Derived Growth Factor 21 Are Associated with Insulin Resistance in Adult Humans without Diabetes Mellitus.

Toloza, Freddy J K / Mantilla-Rivas, Jose O / Pérez-Matos, Maria C / Ricardo-Silgado, Maria L / Morales-Alvarez, Martha C / Pinzón-Cortés, Jairo A / Pérez-Mayorga, Maritza / Arévalo-Garcia, Martha L / Tolosa-González, Giovanni / Mendivil, Carlos O

Frontiers in endocrinology

2018 Volume 9, Page(s) 5

Abstract: Background: Myokines are a group of protein mediators produced by skeletal muscle under stress or physical exertion. Even though their discovery and effects in cell culture and animal models of disease have elicited great enthusiasm, very little is ... ...

Abstract	Background: Myokines are a group of protein mediators produced by skeletal muscle under stress or physical exertion. Even though their discovery and effects in cell culture and animal models of disease have elicited great enthusiasm, very little is known about their role in human metabolism. We assessed whether plasma concentrations of three known myokines [myonectin, myostatin, and fibroblast-derived growth factor 21 (FGF-21)] would be associated with direct and indirect indicators of insulin resistance (IR) in individuals who did not have a diagnosis of diabetes. Methods: We studied 81 adults of both sexes comprising a wide range of body adiposity and insulin sensitivity. All participants underwent a thorough clinical assessment and a 5-point oral glucose tolerance test with calculation of multiple IR and insulin sensitivity indices. Twenty-one of them additionally underwent a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with determination of steady-state whole-body insulin-stimulated glucose disposal ("M"). We compared plasma myokine concentrations across quartiles of IR indices and clinical IR surrogates, and explored the correlation of each myokine with the Results: Plasma myonectin levels increased monotonically across quartiles of the incremental area under the insulin curve (higher values indicate more IR) ( Conclusion: The secretion of myonectin may constitute an attempt at a compensatory mechanism against IR in humans.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2592084-4
ISSN	1664-2392
ISSN	1664-2392
DOI	10.3389/fendo.2018.00005
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Article: Measuring and predicting personal and household Black Carbon levels from 88 communities in eight countries

Wang, Ying / Shupler, Matthew / Birch, Aaron / Chu, Yen Li / Jeronimo, Matthew / Rangarajan, Sumathy / Mustaha, Maha / Heenan, Laura / Seron, Pamela / Lanas, Fernando / Salazar, Luis / Saavedra, Nicolas / Oliveros, Maria Jose / Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio / Camacho, Paul A. / Otero, Johnna / Perez-Mayorga, Maritza / Yeates, Karen / West, Nicola /

Science of the total environment. 2021 Nov. 17,

2021

Abstract: Black Carbon (BC) is an important component of household air pollution (HAP) in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs), but levels and drivers of exposure are poorly understood. As part of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study, ... ...

Institution	PURE-AIR study investigators
Abstract	Black Carbon (BC) is an important component of household air pollution (HAP) in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs), but levels and drivers of exposure are poorly understood. As part of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study, we analyzed 48-hour BC measurements for 1187 individual and 2242 household samples from 88 communities in 8 LMICs (Bangladesh, Chile, China, Colombia, India, Pakistan, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe). Light absorbance (10⁻⁵ m⁻¹) of collected PM₂.₅ filters, a proxy for BC concentrations, was calculated via an image-based reflectance method. Surveys of household/personal characteristics and behaviors were collected after monitoring. The geometric mean (GM) of personal and household BC measures was 2.4 (3.3) and 3.5 (3.9)·10⁻⁵ m⁻¹, respectively. The correlation between BC and PM₂.₅ was r = 0.76 for personal and r = 0.82 for household measures. A gradient of increasing BC concentrations was observed for cooking fuels: BC increased 53% (95%CI: 30, 79) for coal, 142% (95%CI: 117, 169) for wood, and 190% (95%CI: 149, 238) for other biomass, compared to gas. Each hour of cooking was associated with an increase in household (5%, 95%CI: 3, 7) and personal (5%, 95%CI: 2, 8) BC; having a window in the kitchen was associated with a decrease in household (−38%, 95%CI: −45, −30) and personal (−31%, 95%CI: −44, −15) BC; and cooking on a mud stove, compared to a clean stove, was associated with an increase in household (125%, 95%CI: 96, 160) and personal (117%, 95%CI: 71, 117) BC. Male participants only had slightly lower personal BC (−0.6%, 95%CI: −1, 0.0) compared to females. In multivariate models, we were able to explain 46–60% of household BC variation and 33–54% of personal BC variation. These data and models provide new information on exposure to BC in LMICs, which can be incorporated into future exposure assessments, health research, and policy surrounding HAP and BC.
Keywords	absorbance ; air pollution ; biomass ; carbon ; coal ; environment ; heating systems ; income ; issues and policy ; males ; reflectance ; wood ; Bangladesh ; Chile ; China ; Colombia ; India ; Pakistan ; Tanzania ; Zimbabwe
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1117
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151849
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: A randomized clinical trial of lipid metabolism modulation with fenofibrate for acute coronavirus disease 2019.

Chirinos, Julio A / Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio / Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Evangelos J / Dávila-Del-Carpio, Gonzalo H / Bizri, Abdul Rahman / Andrade-Villanueva, Jaime F / Salman, Oday / Cure-Cure, Carlos / Rosado-Santander, Nelson R / Cornejo Giraldo, Mario P / González-Hernández, Luz A / Moghnieh, Rima / Angeliki, Rapti / Cruz Saldarriaga, María E / Pariona, Marcos / Medina, Carola / Dimitroulis, Ioannis / Vlachopoulos, Charalambos / Gutierrez, Corina /

Rodriguez-Mori, Juan E / Gomez-Laiton, Edgar / Cotrina Pereyra, Rosa / Ravelo Hernández, Jorge Luis / Arbañil, Hugo / Accini-Mendoza, José / Pérez-Mayorga, Maritza / Milionis, Charalampos / Poulakou, Garyfallia / Sánchez, Gregorio / Valdivia-Vega, Renzo / Villavicencio-Carranza, Mirko / Ayala-García, Ricardo J / Castro-Callirgos, Carlos A / Alfaro Carrasco, Rosa M / Garrido Lecca Danos, Willy / Sharkoski, Tiffany / Greene, Katherine / Pourmussa, Bianca / Greczylo, Candy / Ortega-Legaspi, Juan / Jacoby, Douglas / Chittams, Jesse / Katsaounou, Paraskevi / Alexiou, Zoi / Sympardi, Styliani / Sweitzer, Nancy K / Putt, Mary / Cohen, Jordana B

Nature metabolism

2022 Volume 4, Issue 12, Page(s) 1847–1857

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cytotoxicity may involve inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Fenofibrate activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and inhibits SARS-CoV-2 ... ...

Abstract	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cytotoxicity may involve inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Fenofibrate activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro. Whether fenofibrate can be used to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in humans remains unknown. Here, we randomly assigned inpatients and outpatients with COVID-19 within 14 d of symptom onset to 145 mg of oral fenofibrate nanocrystal formulation versus placebo for 10 d, in a double-blinded fashion. The primary endpoint was a severity score whereby participants were ranked across hierarchical tiers incorporating time to death, mechanical ventilation duration, oxygenation, hospitalization and symptom severity and duration. In total, 701 participants were randomized to fenofibrate (n = 351) or placebo (n = 350). The mean age of participants was 49 ± 16 years, 330 (47%) were female, mean body mass index was 28 ± 6 kg/m
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Male ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Fenofibrate/therapeutic use ; Lipid Metabolism ; PPAR alpha
Chemical Substances	Fenofibrate (U202363UOS) ; PPAR alpha
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-07
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2522-5812
ISSN (online)	2522-5812
DOI	10.1038/s42255-022-00698-3
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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