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  1. Article ; Online: Plasma Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Available Assays, Recent Developments, and Implications for Clinical Practice.

    Pais, Marcos V / Forlenza, Orestes V / Diniz, Breno S

    Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports

    2023  Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 355–380

    Abstract: Recently, low-sensitive plasma assays have been replaced by new ultra-sensitive assays such as single molecule enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Simoa), the Mesoscale Discovery (MSD) platform, and immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS) with ... ...

    Abstract Recently, low-sensitive plasma assays have been replaced by new ultra-sensitive assays such as single molecule enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Simoa), the Mesoscale Discovery (MSD) platform, and immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS) with higher accuracy in the determination of plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite the significant variability, many studies have established in-house cut-off values for the most promising available biomarkers. We first reviewed the most used laboratory methods and assays to measure plasma AD biomarkers. Next, we review studies focused on the diagnostic performance of these biomarkers to identify AD cases, predict cognitive decline in pre-clinical AD cases, and differentiate AD cases from other dementia. We summarized data from studies published until January 2023. A combination of plasma Aβ
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-03
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2542-4823
    ISSN (online) 2542-4823
    DOI 10.3233/ADR-230029
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Cognitive impairment: an (in)dependent risk factor for mortality in older men?

    Loureiro, Júlia C / Pais, Marcos V / Forlenza, Orestes V

    Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)

    2020  Volume 42, Issue 6, Page(s) 577–578

    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Humans ; Male ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-02
    Publishing country Brazil
    Document type Editorial
    ISSN 1809-452X
    ISSN (online) 1809-452X
    DOI 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0017
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Anti-amyloid agents for treating incipient Alzheimer's disease: a new hope?

    Loureiro, Julia C / Silva, Luiz Fernando A L / Pais, Marcos V / Forlenza, Orestes V

    Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)

    2022  Volume 44, Issue 4, Page(s) 368–369

    MeSH term(s) Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans
    Chemical Substances Amyloid beta-Peptides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-20
    Publishing country Brazil
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2024119-7
    ISSN 1809-452X ; 1809-452X
    ISSN (online) 1809-452X
    ISSN 1809-452X
    DOI 10.47626/1516-4446-2022-2503
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Relationship between baseline plasma p-tau181 and longitudinal changes in cognition and structural brain measures in a cohort of cognitively unimpaired older adults.

    Pais, Marcos V / Kuo, Chia-Ling / Ances, Beau M / Wetherell, Julie Loebach / Lenze, Eric J / Diniz, Breno S

    Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 4, Page(s) e12487

    Abstract: Introduction: Preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects a significant proportion of cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults. Currently, blood-based biomarkers detect very early changes in the AD continuum with great accuracy.: Methods: We ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects a significant proportion of cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults. Currently, blood-based biomarkers detect very early changes in the AD continuum with great accuracy.
    Methods: We measured baseline plasma phosphorylated tau (p-tau)181 using electrochemiluminescence (ECL)-based assay (MesoScale Discovery) in 533 CU older adults. Follow-up lasted up to 18 months. Cognitive performance assessment included memory and cognitive control. Structural brain measures included cortical thickness, which includes the AD magnetic resonance imaging (AD MRI) signature, and hippocampal volume.
    Results: In this cohort of CU older adults, baseline plasma p-tau181 levels were not associated with short-term changes in cognition and structural brain measures. Also, baseline plasma p-tau levels did not influence the effects of behavioral interventions (exercise or mindfulness) on cognitive and structural brain changes.
    Discussion: The short follow-up and healthy status of this CU cohort might have limited the sensitivity of plasma p-tau181 in detecting changes associated with AD pathology.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2832898-X
    ISSN 2352-8729
    ISSN 2352-8729
    DOI 10.1002/dad2.12487
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Neuropsychiatric symptoms and cerebrovascular risk in non-demented elders: cross-sectional study using the mild behavioural impairment checklist (MBI-C).

    Stella, Florindo / Pais, Marcos V / Loureiro, Júlia C / Radanovic, Marcia / Forlenza, Orestes V

    Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society

    2021  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 55–66

    Abstract: Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) may represent early clinical manifestations of evolving brain diseases. Studies underpin the occurrence of NPS in the context of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and prodromal Alzheimer's disease, where ... ...

    Abstract Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) may represent early clinical manifestations of evolving brain diseases. Studies underpin the occurrence of NPS in the context of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and prodromal Alzheimer's disease, where symptoms referred to as 'mild behavioural impairment' (MBI) have been shown to predict conversion to dementia and to hasten cognitive/functional decline. However, the association between NPS and cerebrovascular risk factors has been poorly investigated, despite the high prevalence of the latter among individuals with MCI. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between MBI and cerebrovascular risk in a clinical sample of non-demented elders.
    Methods: Sixty-five MCI and 15 cognitively unimpaired older adults were cross-sectionally assessed with the Mild Behavioural Impairment Checklist (MBI-C), using the cut-off score > 6.5 to define positive screening. Participants were submitted to the Hachinski Ischaemic Score (HIS) to account for cerebrovascular symptoms, vascular risk, and related comorbidities. Neuroimaging scans (magnetic resonance imaging and/or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography) and apolipoprotein E genotype were obtained.
    Results: Positive associations were found between total MBI-C scores and increasing number of comorbidities present (0-2 comorbidities), but not with three comorbidities. Two domains of the MBI-C-impulse dyscontrol and social inappropriateness-followed the same trend of the MBI-C total score, with higher scores with the increasing numbers of comorbidities. No significant associations were found between MBI symptoms and HIS or cerebrovascular burden in neuroimaging assessment.
    Conclusion: We found weak associations between MBI-C total score and the presence of comorbidities with cerebrovascular risk, but not with structural or functional neuroimaging abnormalities or HIS. This finding may represent that the presence of comorbidities adds limited risk to the occurrence of MBI in this sample of non-demented elders.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Alzheimer Disease ; Checklist ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis ; Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Neuropsychological Tests
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2213105-X
    ISSN 1479-8301 ; 1346-3500
    ISSN (online) 1479-8301
    ISSN 1346-3500
    DOI 10.1111/psyg.12776
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: AD-Related CSF Biomarkers Across Distinct Levels of Cognitive Impairment: Correlations With Global Cognitive State.

    Ibarra, Romel / Radanovic, Marcia / Pais, Marcos V / Talib, Leda L / Forlenza, Orestes V

    Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology

    2020  Volume 34, Issue 6, Page(s) 659–667

    Abstract: Aim: Associations between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with the severity of cognitive impairment are unclear. We examined the correlations between CSF biomarkers and cognitive performance in the AD continuum.: ... ...

    Abstract Aim: Associations between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with the severity of cognitive impairment are unclear. We examined the correlations between CSF biomarkers and cognitive performance in the AD continuum.
    Methods: We studied 143 elderly patients: cognitively unimpaired (n = 51), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) amnestic (n = 55) and nonamnestic (n = 20), and mild AD (n = 17) assessed with the Cambridge Cognitive Test (CAMCOG). We correlated total CAMCOG and its subdomains with CSF Aβ42, T-tau, p-tau levels, and Aβ42/p-tau.
    Results: In the total sample, T-tau and Aβ42/p-tau correlated with the total CAMCOG (
    Conclusion: Memory and T-tau levels may be the most suitable parameters to reflect cognitive/CSF biomarker correlations. At present, such correlations are of little use in routine clinical practice.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Biomarkers ; Cognition ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis ; Humans ; Peptide Fragments ; tau Proteins
    Chemical Substances Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Biomarkers ; Peptide Fragments ; tau Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1035760-9
    ISSN 0891-9887
    ISSN 0891-9887
    DOI 10.1177/0891988720944237
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Passive antiamyloid immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease.

    Loureiro, Júlia C / Pais, Marcos V / Stella, Florindo / Radanovic, Marcia / Teixeira, Antônio Lúcio / Forlenza, Orestes V / de Souza, Leonardo Cruz

    Current opinion in psychiatry

    2020  Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) 284–291

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Antiamyloid therapy of Alzheimer's disease tackles the overproduction and clearance of the amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ). Immunotherapeutic compounds were tested in large-scale trials. We revisit the recent literature focusing on ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Antiamyloid therapy of Alzheimer's disease tackles the overproduction and clearance of the amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ). Immunotherapeutic compounds were tested in large-scale trials. We revisit the recent literature focusing on randomized-controlled trials (RCT) using monoclonal anti-Aβ antibodies.
    Recent findings: Forty-three articles on anti-Aβ passive immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease were published between January 2016 and October 2019 regarding 17 RCTs: 13 phase III trials using the monoclonal antibodies bapineuzumab, solanezumab, gantenerumab, crenezumab, and aducanumab; three phase II with crenezumab and aducanumab; and one phase I trial with BAN2401. Studies resulted largely negative considering the effect of the treatment on primary and secondary outcome variables. The incidence of the most important adverse effect, amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIAs) ranged between 0.2 and 22%, in treatment groups. Primary endpoints were not met in eight trials, and five trials were discontinued prior to completion.
    Summary: Passive immunotherapy RCTs failed to show clinically relevant effects in patients with clinically manifest or prodromal dementia. The high incidence of ARIAs indicates that the risk of adverse events may outweigh the benefits of these interventions. Ongoing studies must determine the benefit of such interventions in preclinical Alzheimer's disease, addressing the effect of antiamyloid immunotherapy in samples of asymptomatic carriers of autosomal-dominant mutations related to early-onset Alzheimer's disease.
    MeSH term(s) Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Alzheimer Disease/immunology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/immunology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive/methods ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
    Chemical Substances Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; aducanumab (105J35OE21) ; lecanemab (12PYH0FTU9) ; gantenerumab (4DF060P933) ; solanezumab (5D6PWO0333) ; bapineuzumab (NC11WKO35D) ; crenezumab (O8AS5277H0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 645162-7
    ISSN 1473-6578 ; 0951-7367
    ISSN (online) 1473-6578
    ISSN 0951-7367
    DOI 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000587
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Cognitive impairment in remitted late-life depression is not associated with Alzheimer's disease-related CSF biomarkers.

    Loureiro, Júlia C / Stella, Florindo / Pais, Marcos V / Radanovic, Marcia / Canineu, Paulo R / Joaquim, Helena P G / Talib, Leda L / Forlenza, Orestes V

    Journal of affective disorders

    2020  Volume 272, Page(s) 409–416

    Abstract: Background: Cognitive impairment is a common feature of late-life depression (LLD). Early studies using Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers inferred a biological link between AD pathology and LLD, but recent findings have challenged this association. ... ...

    Abstract Background: Cognitive impairment is a common feature of late-life depression (LLD). Early studies using Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers inferred a biological link between AD pathology and LLD, but recent findings have challenged this association. The aim of this investigation was to determine a panel of AD-related cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in a cross-section of elders with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with and without LLD.
    Methods: Subjects comprised 102 older adults: 27 with 'pure' amnestic MCI (aMCI), 53 with major depression and cognitive impairment - encompassing 22 late-onset (LOD) and 31 early-onset depression (EOD), and 22 euthymic elders without cognitive impairment (controls). Participants underwent lumbar puncture for determination of CSF concentrations of Aβ
    Results: ANCOVA (age and schooling as covariates) displayed statistically significant results with respect to CSF biomarkers' profiles regardless of the socio-demographic divergencies previously identified by one-way ANOVA. Mean Aβ
    Limitation: The main limitation is the relatively small sample.
    Conclusion: Our findings suggest that, distinctively from aMCI, cognitive impairment in LLD is not associated with AD's CSF pathological signature.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Alzheimer Disease ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Biomarkers ; Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology ; Depression ; Humans ; Peptide Fragments ; tau Proteins
    Chemical Substances Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Biomarkers ; Peptide Fragments ; tau Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 135449-8
    ISSN 1573-2517 ; 0165-0327
    ISSN (online) 1573-2517
    ISSN 0165-0327
    DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.166
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Safety Limits of Antidepressant Use Plus Combinations: Focus on Cardiovascular Function.

    Stella, Florindo / Loureiro, Julia C / Pais, Marcos V / Canineu, Paulo R / Forlenza, Orestes V

    Current drug metabolism

    2017  Volume 19, Issue 8, Page(s) 641–652

    Abstract: Background: Antidepressants have been widely prescribed for depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and in the management of behavioural symptoms of adult-old patients. Although generally safe, newer generation antidepressants are not devoid of the risk ... ...

    Abstract Background: Antidepressants have been widely prescribed for depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and in the management of behavioural symptoms of adult-old patients. Although generally safe, newer generation antidepressants are not devoid of the risk of inducing clinically relevant adverse events.
    Objectives: To investigate the association between newer generation antidepressants and the occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events and electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities.
    Method: Studies were included in the review according to the following criteria: a) clinical trials (placebo-controlled or not) or case reports; b) short- or long-term interventions with antidepressants; c) prescription of newer generation antidepressants as first-line treatment; d) samples of adult or adult-old patients. From a total of 301 articles addressing the association between antidepressants and cardiovascular adverse events as primary or secondary outcomes, we selected 30 controlled clinical trials and 10 case reports.
    Results: In most clinical studies, the effects of antidepressants on cardiac function are usually computed as secondary outcome variables, however with limited information. Conversely, case reports tend to present more comprehensive sets of clinical and laboratorial parameters, but the generalization of such data is limited by the small number of observations. The occurrence of QTc prolongation (with increased risk of torsade de pointes) has been reported. Aging, higher dosages of antidepressants, drug interaction, and pre-existing cardiovascular comorbidities were found as risk factors for the aforementioned cardiovascular and ECG abnormalities.
    Conclusion: Prescribing antidepressants requires caution given their potential impact on cardiac function, and the clinician should carefully monitor cardiovascular and ECG parameters particularly in cases with underlying heart disease.
    MeSH term(s) Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Interactions ; Electrocardiography ; Heart/drug effects ; Humans ; Long QT Syndrome/chemically induced ; Long QT Syndrome/diagnosis ; Mental Disorders/drug therapy ; Risk Factors ; Torsades de Pointes/chemically induced ; Torsades de Pointes/diagnosis
    Chemical Substances Antidepressive Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-12-28
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2064815-7
    ISSN 1875-5453 ; 1389-2002
    ISSN (online) 1875-5453
    ISSN 1389-2002
    DOI 10.2174/1389200219666171227203225
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Mental Health Status of Psychogeriatric Patients During the 2019 New Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic and Effects on Caregiver Burden.

    Penteado, Camila T / Loureiro, Julia C / Pais, Marcos V / Carvalho, Cláudia L / Sant'Ana, Lívea F G / Valiengo, Leandro C L / Stella, Florindo / Forlenza, Orestes V

    Frontiers in psychiatry

    2020  Volume 11, Page(s) 578672

    Abstract: Introduction: ...

    Abstract Introduction:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2564218-2
    ISSN 1664-0640
    ISSN 1664-0640
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.578672
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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