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Article ; Online: Web Exclusive. Annals Graphic Medicine - Revolving Through Residency.

Pak, Rutit

2023 Volume 176, Issue 6, Page(s) eG220049

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	336-0
ISSN	1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
ISSN (online)	1539-3704
ISSN	0003-4819
DOI	10.7326/G22-0049
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Article ; Online: Experiential Avoidance as a Factor in Generalized Psychological Vulnerability: In the Relationship Between Chronic Pain and Pain Anxiety With Pain Disability.

Pak, Razieh / Mahmoud Alilou, Majid / Bakhshipour Roudsari, Abass / Yousefpour, Fatemeh

Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses

2024

Abstract: Background: Pain is a major socio-psychological problem worldwide. Chronic pain has a negative effect on areas of psychological functioning such as depression, anxiety, and perceived stress.: Aim: The present study investigated the mediating role of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Pain is a major socio-psychological problem worldwide. Chronic pain has a negative effect on areas of psychological functioning such as depression, anxiety, and perceived stress. Aim: The present study investigated the mediating role of experiential avoidance in the relationship between chronic pain and pain anxiety with pain disability. Methods: Participants were treatment-seeking patients (N = 361) at an outpatient pain clinic in Shiraz (Fars, Iran). The Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI), Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale (PASS-20), Pain Disability Questionnaire (PDQ), and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II) were used to measure multidimensional pain, anxiety, pain disability, experiential avoidance, and pain severity. Results: The results of the correlation revealed that a significant relationship exists between multidimensional pain and pain anxiety, pain disability, and experiential avoidance. Experiential avoidance mediated the associations from multidimensional pain and pain disability significantly. Also, experiential avoidance moderated associations between pain anxiety and pain disability significantly. In general, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that experiential avoidance mediated the relationship between multidimensional pain and pain anxiety with pain disability. Conclusion: In general, the results revealed that experiential avoidance can mediate the relationship among pain, pain anxiety, and pain disability as a maladaptive regulation strategy. The results obtained from this study seem to introduce experiential avoidance as a vulnerability factor effectively.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2213260-0
ISSN	1532-8635 ; 1524-9042
ISSN (online)	1532-8635
ISSN	1524-9042
DOI	10.1016/j.pmn.2024.01.007
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Zs.A 6269: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 514: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The Gut Microbiota and Chronic Pain.

Pak, Ray / Cho, Michelle / Pride, Keth / Abd-Elsayed, Alaa

Current pain and headache reports

2024 Volume 28, Issue 4, Page(s) 259–269

Abstract: Purpose of review: To examine the effects and interactions between gut microbia and chronic pain.: Recent findings: The gut microbiome has been an area of interest in both the scientific and general audience due to a growing body of evidence ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: To examine the effects and interactions between gut microbia and chronic pain. Recent findings: The gut microbiome has been an area of interest in both the scientific and general audience due to a growing body of evidence suggesting its influence in a variety of health and disease states. Communication between the central nervous system (CNS) and gut microbiome is said to be bidirectional, in what is referred to as the gut-brain axis. Chronic pain is a prevalent costly personal and public health burden and so, there is a vested interest in devising safe and efficacious treatments. Numerous studies, many of which are animal studies, have been conducted to examine the gut microbiome's role in the pathophysiology of chronic pain states, such as neuropathy, inflammation, visceral pain, etc. As the understanding of this relationship grows, so does the potential for therapeutic targeting of the gut microbiome in chronic pain.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Chronic Pain/therapy ; Central Nervous System ; Inflammation ; Visceral Pain/therapy ; Brain
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2055062-5
ISSN	1534-3081 ; 1531-3433
ISSN (online)	1534-3081
ISSN	1531-3433
DOI	10.1007/s11916-024-01221-x
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Zs.A 5477: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The Relevance of Attention Control, Not Working Memory, in Human Factors.

Pak, Richard / McLaughlin, Anne Collins / Engle, Randall

Human factors

2023 Volume 66, Issue 5, Page(s) 1321–1332

Abstract: Objective: Discuss the human factors relevance of attention control (AC), a domain-general ability to regulate information processing functions in the service of goal-directed behavior.: Background: Working memory (WM) measures appear as predictors ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Discuss the human factors relevance of attention control (AC), a domain-general ability to regulate information processing functions in the service of goal-directed behavior. Background: Working memory (WM) measures appear as predictors in various applied psychology studies. However, measures of WM reflect a mixture of memory storage and controlled attention making it difficult to interpret the meaning of significant WM-task relations for human factors. In light of new research, complex task performance may be better predicted or explained with new measures of attention control rather than WM. Method: We briefly review the topic of individual differences in abilities in Human Factors. Next, we focus on WM, how it is measured, and what can be inferred from significant WM-task relations. Results: The theoretical underpinnings of attention control as a high-level factor that affects complex thought and behavior make it useful in human factors, which often study performance in complex and dynamic task environments. To facilitate research on attention control in applied settings, we discuss a validated measure of attention control that predicts more variance in complex task performance than WM. In contrast to existing measures of WM or AC, our measures of attention control only require 3 minutes each (10 minutes total) and may be less culture-bound making them suitable for use in applied settings. Conclusion: Explaining or predicting task performance relations with attention control rather than WM may have dramatically different implications for designing more specific, equitable task interfaces, or training. Application: A highly efficient ability predictor can help researchers and practitioners better understand task requirements for human factors interventions or performance prediction.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Memory, Short-Term/physiology ; Attention/physiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Individuality
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	212725-8
ISSN	1547-8181 ; 0018-7208
ISSN (online)	1547-8181
ISSN	0018-7208
DOI	10.1177/00187208231159727
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Article ; Online: Enhancing component-specific trust with consumer automated systems through humanness design.

Lopez, Jeremy / Watkins, Heather / Pak, Richard

Ergonomics

2022 Volume 66, Issue 2, Page(s) 291–302

Abstract: Consumer automation is a suitable venue for studying the efficacy of untested humanness design methods for promoting specific trust in multi-component systems. Subjective (trust, self-confidence) and behavioural (use, manual override) measures were ... ...

Abstract	Consumer automation is a suitable venue for studying the efficacy of untested humanness design methods for promoting specific trust in multi-component systems. Subjective (trust, self-confidence) and behavioural (use, manual override) measures were recorded as 82 participants interacted with a four-component automation-bearing system in a simulated smart home task for two experimental blocks. During the first block all components were perfectly reliable (100%). During the second block, one component became unreliable (60%). Participants interacted with a system containing either a single or four simulated voice assistants. In the single-assistant condition, the unreliable component resulted in trust changes for every component. In the four-assistant condition, trust decreased for only the unreliable component. Across agent-number conditions, use decreased between blocks for only the unreliable component. Self-confidence and overrides exhibited ceiling and floor effects, respectively. Our findings provide the first evidence of effectively using humanness design to enhance component-specific trust in consumer systems.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Trust ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Reproducibility of Results ; Man-Machine Systems ; Automation
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1920-3
ISSN	1366-5847 ; 0014-0139
ISSN (online)	1366-5847
ISSN	0014-0139
DOI	10.1080/00140139.2022.2079728
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Article ; Online: The Mediating Role of Coping Strategies and Emotion Regulation in the Relationship Between Pain Acceptance and Pain-Related Anxiety.

Mahmoud Alilou, Majid / Pak, Razieh / Mahmoud Alilou, Aysan

Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings

2022 Volume 29, Issue 4, Page(s) 977–990

Abstract: Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that exists all over the world and has a negative effect on people's ability to engage in valuable life activities. The present study was conducted aiming to investigate the mediating role of coping ... ...

Abstract	Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that exists all over the world and has a negative effect on people's ability to engage in valuable life activities. The present study was conducted aiming to investigate the mediating role of coping strategies and emotion regulation in the relationship between pain acceptance and pain anxiety. The research design was descriptive, and the sample consisted of 428 students selected via purposive sampling. Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS-20), Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire-8 (CPAQ-8), Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ), The Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI), and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) were used as research tools. The results obtained from the correlation revealed that there is a significant relationship between pain acceptance and pain anxiety, coping strategies, and emotion regulation. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) showed that coping strategies and emotion regulation are able to mediate the relationship between pain acceptance and pain anxiety. In general, results revealed that adaptive coping strategies can be effective in coping with pain; emotional components play an important role in this regard. These results demonstrate the importance of attitude and self-regulation in coping with pain, and suggest that people can expand their adaptation to pain by assessing the situation and adopting an effective coping style.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Emotional Regulation ; Anxiety/complications ; Anxiety/psychology ; Adaptation, Psychological ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Chronic Pain/complications ; Chronic Pain/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1235893-9
ISSN	1573-3572 ; 1068-9583
ISSN (online)	1573-3572
ISSN	1068-9583
DOI	10.1007/s10880-022-09863-y
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 4286: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The role of attention control in complex real-world tasks.

Draheim, Christopher / Pak, Richard / Draheim, Amanda A / Engle, Randall W

Psychonomic bulletin & review

2022 Volume 29, Issue 4, Page(s) 1143–1197

Abstract: Working memory capacity is an important psychological construct, and many real-world phenomena are strongly associated with individual differences in working memory functioning. Although working memory and attention are intertwined, several studies have ... ...

Abstract	Working memory capacity is an important psychological construct, and many real-world phenomena are strongly associated with individual differences in working memory functioning. Although working memory and attention are intertwined, several studies have recently shown that individual differences in the general ability to control attention is more strongly predictive of human behavior than working memory capacity. In this review, we argue that researchers would therefore generally be better suited to studying the role of attention control rather than memory-based abilities in explaining real-world behavior and performance in humans. The review begins with a discussion of relevant literature on the nature and measurement of both working memory capacity and attention control, including recent developments in the study of individual differences of attention control. We then selectively review existing literature on the role of both working memory and attention in various applied settings and explain, in each case, why a switch in emphasis to attention control is warranted. Topics covered include psychological testing, cognitive training, education, sports, police decision-making, human factors, and disorders within clinical psychology. The review concludes with general recommendations and best practices for researchers interested in conducting studies of individual differences in attention control.
MeSH term(s)	Attention ; Humans ; Individuality ; Memory, Short-Term ; Sports
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2031311-1
ISSN	1531-5320 ; 1069-9384
ISSN (online)	1531-5320
ISSN	1069-9384
DOI	10.3758/s13423-021-02052-2
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Article ; Online: Nature and measurement of attention control.

Burgoyne, Alexander P / Tsukahara, Jason S / Mashburn, Cody A / Pak, Richard / Engle, Randall W

Journal of experimental psychology. General

2023 Volume 152, Issue 8, Page(s) 2369–2402

Abstract: Individual differences in the ability to control attention are correlated with a wide range of important outcomes, from academic achievement and job performance to health behaviors and emotion regulation. Nevertheless, the theoretical nature of attention ...

Abstract	Individual differences in the ability to control attention are correlated with a wide range of important outcomes, from academic achievement and job performance to health behaviors and emotion regulation. Nevertheless, the theoretical nature of attention control as a cognitive construct has been the subject of heated debate, spurred on by psychometric issues that have stymied efforts to reliably measure differences in the ability to control attention. For theory to advance, our measures must improve. We introduce three efficient, reliable, and valid tests of attention control that each take less than 3 min to administer: Stroop Squared, Flanker Squared, and Simon Squared. Two studies (online and in-lab) comprising more than 600 participants demonstrate that the three "Squared" tasks have great internal consistency (avg. = .95) and test-retest reliability across sessions (avg.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Attention/physiology ; Memory, Short-Term/physiology ; Intelligence/physiology ; Psychometrics
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	189732-9
ISSN	1939-2222 ; 0096-3445
ISSN (online)	1939-2222
ISSN	0096-3445
DOI	10.1037/xge0001408
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Article ; Online: Impact of preferred surgical modality on surgeon wellness: a survey of workload, physical pain/discomfort, and neuromusculoskeletal disorders.

Norasi, Hamid / Hallbeck, M Susan / Elli, Enrique F / Tollefson, Matthew K / Harold, Kristi L / Pak, Raymond

Surgical endoscopy

2023 Volume 37, Issue 12, Page(s) 9244–9254

Abstract: Background: We compared surgeons' workload, physical discomfort, and neuromusculoskeletal disorders (NMSDs) across four surgical modalities: endoscopic, laparoscopic, open, and robot-assisted (da Vinci Surgical Systems).: Methods: An electronic ... ...

Abstract	Background: We compared surgeons' workload, physical discomfort, and neuromusculoskeletal disorders (NMSDs) across four surgical modalities: endoscopic, laparoscopic, open, and robot-assisted (da Vinci Surgical Systems). Methods: An electronic survey was sent to the surgeons across an academic hospital system. The survey consisted of 47 questions including: (I) Demographics and anthropometrics; (II) The percentage of the procedural time that the surgeon spent on performing each surgical modality; (III) Physical and mental demand and physical discomfort; (IV) Neuromusculoskeletal symptoms including body part pain and NMSDs. Results: Seventy-nine out of 245 surgeons completed the survey (32.2%) and 65 surgeons (82.2%) had a dominant surgical modality: 10 endoscopic, 15 laparoscopic, 26 open, and 14 robotic surgeons. Physical demand was the highest for open surgery and the lowest for endoscopic and robotic surgeries, (all p < 0.05). Open and robotic surgeries required the highest levels of mental workload followed by laparoscopic and endoscopic surgeries, respectively (all p < 0.05 except for the difference between robotic and laparoscopic that was not significant). Body part discomfort or pain (immediately after surgery) were lower in the shoulder for robotic surgeons compared to laparoscopic and open surgeons and in left fingers for robotic surgeons compared to endoscopic surgeons (all p < 0.05). The prevalence of NMSD was significantly lower in robotic surgeons (7%) compared to the other surgical modalities (between 60 and 67%) (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: The distribution of NMSDs, workload, and physical discomfort varied significantly based on preferred surgical approach. Although robotic surgeons had fewer overall complaints, improvement in ergonomics of surgery are still warranted.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Robotics ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; Ergonomics ; Pain ; Laparoscopy/adverse effects ; Surgeons
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-23
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639039-0
ISSN	1432-2218 ; 0930-2794
ISSN (online)	1432-2218
ISSN	0930-2794
DOI	10.1007/s00464-023-10485-0
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Article: Assessment of the Species Diversity of Ichthyoplankton in the Northern Part of the Central Eastern Atlantic

Arkhipov, A. G. / Kolomeiko, F. V. / Pak, R. A.

Journal of ichthyology. 2022 June, v. 62, no. 3

2022

Abstract: Based on the materials of long-term (2000–2019) studies of ichthyoplankton in the adjacent areas of the northern part of the Central Eastern Atlantic (exclusive economic zones of the northern and southern parts of Morocco and Mauritania), the species ... ...

Abstract	Based on the materials of long-term (2000–2019) studies of ichthyoplankton in the adjacent areas of the northern part of the Central Eastern Atlantic (exclusive economic zones of the northern and southern parts of Morocco and Mauritania), the species diversity of the ichthyoplankton has been studied using various indices that are widespread in ecological and faunistic research. A general trend towards an increase in the species diversity from the northern part of Morocco to the area of Mauritania has been revealed (the average values of the Margalef index increase from 4.63 to 7.02). The ichthyoplankton assemblages of the study areas are characterized by a medium and high biotic diversity (Simpson’s index 0.22–0.90); different degrees of their monodominance are observed more often (in 25 of the 44 observations, Pielou’s evenness index was less than 0.5) than the relatively equal abundance of all species. In the northern part of Morocco, similar trends have been revealed in the dynamics of diversity indices and abundance indices for European pilchard Sardina pilchardus at its early development stages; in the southern part of Morocco and in Mauritania, the trends in the diversity and abundance dynamics are similar in round sardinella Sardinella aurita. In the ichthyoplankton of the study areas, the dominant species is S. pilchardus and subdominant species are S. aurita, European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus, and sparids (Sparidae).
Keywords	Engraulis encrasicolus ; Sardina pilchardus ; Sardinella aurita ; Sparidae ; dominant species ; early development ; ichthyology ; ichthyoplankton ; sardines ; species diversity ; Mauritania ; Morocco
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-06
Size	p. 421-427.
Publishing place	Pleiades Publishing
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2227615-4
ISSN	1555-6425 ; 0032-9452
ISSN (online)	1555-6425
ISSN	0032-9452
DOI	10.1134/S0032945222020011
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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