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Article ; Online: Cellular shape micromachined actuator ribbons.

Abbasalipour, Amin / Palit, Prithviraj / Sheikhlari, Sepehr / Pakdelian, Siavash / Pourkamali, Siavash

Microsystems & nanoengineering

2022 Volume 8, Page(s) 87

Abstract: This work presents a new class of micromachined electrostatic actuators capable of producing output force and displacement unprecedented for MEMS electrostatic actuators. The actuators feature submicron high aspect ratio transduction gaps lined up in two- ...

Abstract	This work presents a new class of micromachined electrostatic actuators capable of producing output force and displacement unprecedented for MEMS electrostatic actuators. The actuators feature submicron high aspect ratio transduction gaps lined up in two-dimensional arrays. Such an arrangement of microscale actuator cells allows the addition of force and displacements of a large number of cells (up to 7600 in one demonstrated array), leading to displacements ranging in the hundreds of microns and several gram forces of axial force. For 50 µm thick actuators with horizontal dimensions in the 1-4 millimeter range, an out-of-plane displacement of up to 678 µm at 46 V, a bending moment of up to 2.0 µNm, i.e., 0.08 N (~8 gram-force) of axial force over a 50 µm by 2 mm cross-sectional area of the actuator (800 kPa of electrostatically generated stress), and an energy density (mechanical work output per stroke per volume) up to 1.42 mJ/cm
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2055-7434
ISSN (online)	2055-7434
DOI	10.1038/s41378-022-00421-y
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Article ; Online: Selective inhibition of peptidyl-arginine deiminase (PAD): can it control multiple inflammatory disorders as a promising therapeutic strategy?

Padhy, Dibya Sundar / Palit, Partha / Ikbal, Abu Md Ashif / Das, Nirupam / Roy, Dilip Kumar / Banerjee, Sugato

Inflammopharmacology

2023 Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 731–744

Abstract: Peptidyl arginine deiminases (PADs) are a family of post-translational modification enzymes that irreversibly citrullinate (deiminate) arginine residues of protein and convert them to a non-classical amino acid citrulline in the presence of calcium ions. ...

Abstract	Peptidyl arginine deiminases (PADs) are a family of post-translational modification enzymes that irreversibly citrullinate (deiminate) arginine residues of protein and convert them to a non-classical amino acid citrulline in the presence of calcium ions. It has five isotypes, such as PAD1, PAD2, PAD3, PAD4, and PAD6, found in mammalian species. It has been suggested that increased PAD expression in various tissues contributes to the development of multiple inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), cancer, diabetes, and neurological disorders. Elevation of PAD enzyme expression depends on several factors like rising intracellular Ca
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Protein-Arginine Deiminases/chemistry ; Protein-Arginine Deiminases/metabolism ; Hydrolases/metabolism ; Proteins ; Arginine ; Mammals/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Protein-Arginine Deiminases (EC 3.5.3.15) ; arginine deiminase (EC 3.5.3.6) ; Hydrolases (EC 3.-) ; Proteins ; Arginine (94ZLA3W45F)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1080058-x
ISSN	1568-5608 ; 0925-4692
ISSN (online)	1568-5608
ISSN	0925-4692
DOI	10.1007/s10787-023-01149-5
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Zs.A 3274: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Phyto-pharmacological perspective of Silymarin: A potential prophylactic or therapeutic agent for COVID-19, based on its promising immunomodulatory, anti-coagulant and anti-viral property.

Palit, Partha / Mukhopadhyay, Aparna / Chattopadhyay, Debprasad

Phytotherapy research : PTR

2021 Volume 35, Issue 8, Page(s) 4246–4257

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) triggered by a new viral pathogen, named severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is now a global health emergency. This debilitating viral pandemic not only paralyzed the normal daily life of the ... ...

Abstract	Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) triggered by a new viral pathogen, named severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is now a global health emergency. This debilitating viral pandemic not only paralyzed the normal daily life of the global community but also spread rapidly via global travel. To date there are no effective vaccines or specific treatments against this highly contagious virus; therefore, there is an urgent need to advocate novel prophylactic or therapeutic interventions for COVID-19. This brief opinion critically discusses the potential of Silymarin, a flavonolignan with diverse pharmacological activity having antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antiplatelet, and antiviral properties, with versatile immune-cytokine regulatory functions, that able to bind with transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and induce endogenous antiviral cytokine interferon-stimulated gene 15, for the management of COVID-19. Silymarin inhibits the expression of host cell surface receptor TMPRSS2 with a docking binding energy corresponding to -1,350.61 kcal/mol and a full fitness score of -8.11. The binding affinity of silymarin with an impressive virtual score exhibits significant potential to interfere with SARS-CoV-2 replication. We propose in-depth pre-clinical and clinical review studies of silymarin for the development of anti-COVID-19 lead, based on its clinical manifestations of COVID-19 and multifaceted bioactivities.
MeSH term(s)	Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Humans ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects ; Silymarin/pharmacology ; Silymarin/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents ; Silymarin
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	639136-9
ISSN	1099-1573 ; 0951-418X
ISSN (online)	1099-1573
ISSN	0951-418X
DOI	10.1002/ptr.7084
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Article: Phyto‐pharmacological perspective of Silymarin: A potential prophylactic or therapeutic agent for COVID‐19, based on its promising immunomodulatory, anti‐coagulant and anti‐viral property

Palit, Partha / Mukhopadhyay, Aparna / Chattopadhyay, Debprasad

Phytotherapy research. 2021 Aug., v. 35, no. 8

2021

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) triggered by a new viral pathogen, named severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), is now a global health emergency. This debilitating viral pandemic not only paralyzed the normal daily life of the ... ...

Abstract	Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) triggered by a new viral pathogen, named severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), is now a global health emergency. This debilitating viral pandemic not only paralyzed the normal daily life of the global community but also spread rapidly via global travel. To date there are no effective vaccines or specific treatments against this highly contagious virus; therefore, there is an urgent need to advocate novel prophylactic or therapeutic interventions for COVID‐19. This brief opinion critically discusses the potential of Silymarin, a flavonolignan with diverse pharmacological activity having antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antiplatelet, and antiviral properties, with versatile immune‐cytokine regulatory functions, that able to bind with transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and induce endogenous antiviral cytokine interferon‐stimulated gene 15, for the management of COVID‐19. Silymarin inhibits the expression of host cell surface receptor TMPRSS2 with a docking binding energy corresponding to −1,350.61 kcal/mol and a full fitness score of −8.11. The binding affinity of silymarin with an impressive virtual score exhibits significant potential to interfere with SARS‐CoV‐2 replication. We propose in‐depth pre‐clinical and clinical review studies of silymarin for the development of anti‐COVID‐19 lead, based on its clinical manifestations of COVID‐19 and multifaceted bioactivities.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; anticoagulants ; antioxidants ; antiviral properties ; cytokines ; energy ; genes ; lead ; medicinal properties ; pandemic ; pathogens ; phytotherapy ; proteinases ; research ; serine ; silymarin ; travel ; viruses
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-08
Size	p. 4246-4257.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Document type	Article
Note	REVIEW
ZDB-ID	639136-9
ISSN	1099-1573 ; 0951-418X
ISSN (online)	1099-1573
ISSN	0951-418X
DOI	10.1002/ptr.7084
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Article ; Online: Site specific incidence rate of genomic subtypes of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and association with enteric inflammation and child growth.

Das, Rina / Palit, Parag / Haque, Md Ahshanul / Mahfuz, Mustafa / Faruque, A S G / Ahmed, Tahmeed

Scientific reports

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 5724

Abstract: There is a lack of information highlighting the possible association between the genomic subtypes of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) on environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and on linear growth during childhood. Genomic subtypes of EPEC from ... ...

Abstract	There is a lack of information highlighting the possible association between the genomic subtypes of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) on environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and on linear growth during childhood. Genomic subtypes of EPEC from stool samples collected from 1705 children enrolled in the MAL-ED birth cohort were detected by TaqMan Array Cards. We measured site-specific incidence rate by using Poisson regression models, identified the risk factors and estimated the association of genomic subtypes of EPEC with the composite EED score and linear growth at 24 months of age. In general, the highest incidence rate (39%) was found among children having aEPEC infection, which was the greatest in Tanzania (54%). Exclusive breastfeeding and having an improved sanitation facility were found to be protective factors against EPEC infection. In the multivariate models, in overall effect after adjusting for the potential covariates aEPEC showed strong positive associations with the EED scores and tEPEC showed a positive association with poor linear growth at 24 months of age. Our analyses may lay the cornerstone for a prospective epidemiologic investigation for a potential vaccine development aimed at reducing the burden of EPEC infections and combat childhood malnutrition.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Diarrhea/epidemiology ; Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli/genetics ; Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology ; Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Prospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Escherichia coli Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-022-09730-8
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Article ; Online: Association between Pathogenic Variants of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and Growth in Children under 5 Years of Age in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study.

Das, Rina / Palit, Parag / Haque, Md Ahshanul / Ahmed, Tahmeed / Faruque, A S G

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

2022 Volume 107, Issue 1, Page(s) 72–81

Abstract: There is a lack of information highlighting associations between different pathogenic variants of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and childhood growth. Pathogenic variants of E. coli from stool samples, collected from 22,567 children enrolled in the ... ...

Abstract	There is a lack of information highlighting associations between different pathogenic variants of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and childhood growth. Pathogenic variants of E. coli from stool samples, collected from 22,567 children enrolled in the Global Enteric Multicenter Study from December 2007 to March 2011, were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. We estimated the associations of different pathogenic variants of diarrheagenic E. coli with child growth. The association between an explanatory variable and the outcome variable was assessed using multiple linear regression, where the dependent variables were height-for-age, weight-for-age, and weight-for-height z-scores, and the independent variable was the presence of different pathogenic variants of diarrheagenic E. coli. After adjusting for potential covariates, such as age, gender, diarrhea, breastfeeding status, mother's education, number of under-5 children, handwashing practice, handwashing material, source of drinking water, wealth index, available toilet facility, copathogens, comorbidity, time, and study site, the multivariable model identified a negative association between different pathogenic variants of diarrheagenic E. coli and child growth. Our analyses may provide the cornerstone for prospective epidemiologic investigation for the development of preventive measures for diarrheagenic E. coli and combat childhood undernutrition.
MeSH term(s)	Child Development ; Child, Preschool ; Diarrhea/epidemiology ; Diarrhea/microbiology ; Diarrhea/prevention & control ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Escherichia coli/pathogenicity ; Escherichia coli Infections/complications ; Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology ; Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology ; Escherichia coli Infections/prevention & control ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
ZDB-ID	2942-7
ISSN	1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
ISSN (online)	1476-1645
ISSN	0002-9637
DOI	10.4269/ajtmh.22-0096
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Article ; Online: Comprehensive review on recent trends and perspectives of natural exo-polysaccharides: Pioneering nano-biotechnological tools.

Tiwari, Onkar Nath / Bobby, Md Nazneen / Kondi, Vanitha / Halder, Gopinath / Kargarzadeh, Hanieh / Ikbal, Abu Md Ashif / Bhunia, Biswanath / Thomas, Sabu / Efferth, Thomas / Chattopadhyay, Debprasad / Palit, Partha

International journal of biological macromolecules

2024 Volume 265, Issue Pt 2, Page(s) 130747

Abstract: Exopolysaccharides (EPSs), originating from various microbes, and mushrooms, excel in their conventional role in bioremediation to showcase diverse applications emphasizing nanobiotechnology including nano-drug carriers, nano-excipients, medication and/ ... ...

Abstract	Exopolysaccharides (EPSs), originating from various microbes, and mushrooms, excel in their conventional role in bioremediation to showcase diverse applications emphasizing nanobiotechnology including nano-drug carriers, nano-excipients, medication and/or cell encapsulation, gene delivery, tissue engineering, diagnostics, and associated treatments. Acknowledged for contributions to adsorption, nutrition, and biomedicine, EPSs are emerging as appealing alternatives to traditional polymers, for biodegradability and biocompatibility. This article shifts away from the conventional utility to delve deeply into the expansive landscape of EPS applications, particularly highlighting their integration into cutting-edge nanobiotechnological methods. Exploring EPS synthesis, extraction, composition, and properties, the discussion emphasizes their structural diversity with molecular weight and heteropolymer compositions. Their role as raw materials for value-added products takes center stage, with critical insights into recent applications in nanobiotechnology. The multifaceted potential, biological relevance, and commercial applicability of EPSs in contemporary research and industry align with the nanotechnological advancements coupled with biotechnological nano-cleansing agents are highlighted. EPS-based nanostructures for biological applications have a bright future ahead of them. Providing crucial information for present and future practices, this review sheds light on how eco-friendly EPSs derived from microbial biomass of terrestrial and aquatic environments can be used to better understand contemporary nanobiotechnology for the benefit of society.
MeSH term(s)	Polysaccharides, Bacterial/chemistry ; Biotechnology ; Drug Carriers ; Nanostructures ; Nanotechnology
Chemical Substances	Polysaccharides, Bacterial ; Drug Carriers
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	282732-3
ISSN	1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
ISSN (online)	1879-0003
ISSN	0141-8130
DOI	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130747
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Article: Phytopharmaceuticals mediated Furin and TMPRSS2 receptor blocking: can it be a potential therapeutic option for Covid-19?

Palit, Partha / Chattopadhyay, Debprasad / Thomas, Sabu / Kundu, Amit / Kim, Hyung Sik / Rezaei, Nima

Phytomedicine. 2021 May, v. 85

2021

Abstract: Currently, novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19) outbreak creates global panic across the continents, as people from almost all countries and territories have been affected by this highly contagious viral disease. The scenario is deteriorating due to lack ...

Abstract	Currently, novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19) outbreak creates global panic across the continents, as people from almost all countries and territories have been affected by this highly contagious viral disease. The scenario is deteriorating due to lack of proper & specific target-oriented pharmacologically safe prophylactic agents or drugs, and or any effective vaccine. drug development is urgently required to back in the normalcy in the community and to combat this pandemic.Thus, we have proposed two novel drug targets, Furin and TMPRSS2, as Covid-19 treatment strategy. We have highlighted this target-oriented novel drug delivery strategy, based on their pathophysiological implication on SARS-CoV-2 infection, as evident from earlier SARS-CoV-1, MERS, and influenza virus infection via host cell entry, priming, fusion, and endocytosis.An earlier study suggested that Furin and TMPRSS2 knockout mice had reduced level of viral load and a lower degree of organ damage such as the lung. The present study thus highlights the promise of some selected novel and potential anti-viral Phytopharmaceutical that bind to Furin and TMPRSS2 as target.Few of them had shown promising anti-viral response in both preclinical and clinical study with acceptable therapeutic safety-index.Hence, this strategy may limit life-threatening Covid-19 infection and its mortality rate through nano-suspension based intra-nasal or oral nebulizer spray, to treat mild to moderate SARS-COV-2 infection when Furin and TMPRSS2 receptor may initiate to express and activate for processing the virus to cause cellular infection by replication within the host cell and blocking of host-viral interaction.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; Orthomyxoviridae ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; drug development ; lungs ; mortality ; phytopharmaceuticals ; therapeutics ; vaccines ; viral load ; viruses
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-05
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light
ZDB-ID	1205240-1
ISSN	1618-095X ; 0944-7113
ISSN (online)	1618-095X
ISSN	0944-7113
DOI	10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153396
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Article ; Online: Reconfigurable Integrated Optofluidic Droplet Laser Arrays.

Zhang, Han / Palit, Prithviraj / Liu, Yonghao / Vaziri, Seyedmohsen / Sun, Yuze

ACS applied materials & interfaces

2020 Volume 12, Issue 24, Page(s) 26936–26942

Abstract: Optofluidic lasers are an emerging technology for the development of miniaturized light sources and biological and chemical sensors. However, most optofluidic lasers demonstrated to date are operated at the single optical cavity level, which limits their ...

Abstract	Optofluidic lasers are an emerging technology for the development of miniaturized light sources and biological and chemical sensors. However, most optofluidic lasers demonstrated to date are operated at the single optical cavity level, which limits their applications in high-throughput biochemical sensing, high-speed wavelength switching, and on-chip spectroscopic analysis. Here, we demonstrated an optofluidic droplet laser array on a silicon chip with integrated microfluidics, in which four individual droplet optical cavities are generated and controlled by a 2 × 2 nozzle array. Arrays of droplets with a diameter ranging from 115 to 475 μm can be generated, removed, and regenerated on demand. The lasing threshold of the droplet laser array is in the range of 0.63-2.02 μJ/mm
MeSH term(s)	Lasers ; Lasers, Dye ; Microfluidics/methods ; Silicon/chemistry ; Spectrum Analysis
Chemical Substances	Silicon (Z4152N8IUI)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1944-8252
ISSN (online)	1944-8252
DOI	10.1021/acsami.0c05967
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Article ; Online: Site specific incidence rate of virulence related genes of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli and association with enteric inflammation and growth in children.

Das, Rina / Palit, Parag / Haque, Md Ahshanul / Mahfuz, Mustafa / Faruque, A S G / Ahmed, Tahmeed

Scientific reports

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 23178

Abstract: There is a lack of information highlighting the possible association between strain carrying genes of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) and environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and on linear growth during childhood. Strain carrying genes of ... ...

Abstract	There is a lack of information highlighting the possible association between strain carrying genes of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) and environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and on linear growth during childhood. Strain carrying genes of EAEC from stool samples collected from 1705 children enrolled in the MAL-ED birth cohort were detected by TaqMan Array Cards. We measured site-specific incidence rate by using Poisson regression models, identified the risk factors and estimated the associations of strain carrying genes of EAEC with the composite EED score and linear growth at 24 months of age. Overall highest incidence rate (43.3%) was found among children having infection with the aggR gene, which was the greatest in Tanzania (56.7%). Low maternal education, lack of improved floor, and ownership of domestic cattle were found to be risk factors for EAEC infection. In the multivariate models, after adjusting the potential covariates, strain carrying genes of EAEC showed strong positive associations with the EED scores and with poor linear growth at 24 months of age. Our analyses may lay the cornerstone for a prospective epidemiologic investigation for a potential vaccine development aimed at reducing the burden of EAEC infections and combat childhood malnutrition.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biomarkers ; Breast Feeding ; Cattle ; Child, Preschool ; Diarrhea/epidemiology ; Educational Status ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Escherichia coli/pathogenicity ; Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology ; Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology ; Escherichia coli Proteins/genetics ; Feces/microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Inflammation ; Male ; Mothers ; Multivariate Analysis ; Poisson Distribution ; Prospective Studies ; Residence Characteristics ; Risk Factors ; Tanzania ; Vaccine Development ; Virulence/genetics ; Virulence Factors/genetics
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Escherichia coli Proteins ; Virulence Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-021-02626-z
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